COMPARATIVE POLITICS A Developmental Approach Gabriel A. AlmondIntroduction ihe arn tem hw i Roy "Mart, Te Sats of EnprnineComcramea?oanes Gy balan ih ie" Eee come is 08 Totforeign politat ope Iie been greatly inlaw by an ler svn tthe tly sf ian polis al he intwn wm the consequence ofthe pension of American olde mis Uy volo, stipes, a yea Topical methods and ehcots, Now the sly of comparative ric fue yee oping he one tmnt expecace with plies inane hr anhing combats tthe vont nae fo ne ‘Mua hori of pit ; oamape gush meurtgot ‘ead ea ae ead eee bhai, Coote Gounmment aut Demecny(Nee ve at a ahr se J Pa ery ed ae Thott ernment Yok ny ee Gin) Introtustion 5 Yer rather sa ya ats he ine: ton of telaions sd cal sexes smn pest sd ‘cin phenome he thetic wines a he fran ofthe di sipline ‘The tocar tem tobe emanation (lary fowinmenta nes) sl thei legal nin rales atl opal {ins oom pied iless aa ote ater hat pe Ferman interaction ud Ihara bing ite 1 he tek of eteeie sds nin te tine plies dat this fv the stay emp bes of Ameritas was bang wi noe sven whi fan in the 1202 sal pe th “enon the seating al expen ws Maun, Laswell, Hevtng, Stash, nd depend repented a respime to Mls snd nppnes pli tothe America seating “he rain tctn Saniation of American the stalls af ret power was Samaied by partipation bn Wl Wat tthe shocks aa Micon of the depres, mde votesoming hg ‘nan fh aia shew the energies the pening cae of Ameria pte scent in selftay aad wel appeatal The uo bing ‘hones it poi scence exes ning ts ks mee Ate pallies ant fl mig American seer) the “ba” atthe inulin,” presse grow te abby, the poe fad vont cr the tie hsm ema fe te eaters 65) Fort Monon (ee Vath Tne ee Pow of eee gy Sey al Popa i hg Fearn ie Fah en iFIntoneton gee i Americ a a» li it as, wi he nd cs nn pbs spa nena eat a oi Tange oct set the det 3 ew te tyne pena fon, nt pba owes ae chain ttt ovations nu poche hear an he plows thc of Gn, Dyk Inn Fariy Toco, at as oa eater fee The ay af cg goverment Tag) lone oye gore my fot le TERR tel of nly Foe oa, compe tive goverment un potato haa een cowl tte ethene of the quali sind abies of inner of pots Mgr te on py mn cml : ne chs on ehh the wince wey. Ba the esa the et cy He Bel ena ve ty goer i 2 vont ant es Poi Tx his separation in Aseria aia tem of pase try ae ermpatveyvenen theme anne te tg esis itis sis Ie, aay hove beet vnc he Kaien ite Yh otra oon seme a of the she eval ck AEH Hi, als ih TRS famph n esem whi ese i Mint fe sel st pola othe Heal oie tthe Faint thy i wy nce at te growing poe opi a dees the set cenny Intnatction 5 of Wy ipo Hf dameracy wt i Hh neitle ol fot the fe the te ney the nate of dency a i opens col bonne the ental on exe me pial ie in cm of tr de ow este of sale dntany Ms pane inn ute hiss at the evi of dara. ep enema on etsy es oly semen inet (ere ‘teint a yy, emote eptaenging uals heath, Toate ce tu pss he ite stl sauce of the agin a cpesse pve nen ‘ri had prec and sapeniltesne cube the psa ner Wel War Hane develops ete ‘ine rsponte ‘hots wah BESHingwoity of runes sa tn taco ate inthe wget shape he stan sf teen po« Introduction Tealing (the eae for one ye search for teal: () the sare lls 9 maser the we vomplesen, aml se (eats new atelier aio prehensive apes () fe of wemparaivegoveromet has change Stabs of oo. Sex geen an pita procs ane pr larger ntmbers than those lesling withthe Ensopean arn, Frequently broken sew round ia theoreti sol mete Inga see hi have European stuen® Purr, won ‘Western specials longer rk. bolton tenn te Alsiplincel polite iene an compaatve gvermme, ‘dnanauce ithe pli sce peony Ameria snd Eutopeains ie ay ts aoe ala epee ‘onl ven spit Ue The wrote wow careying oe aru om pet of al fs what the general then of li Sytem More receily she ipse tomo smn te cumple the pnivae mans expec wi lier os Ueto the sly of pital system of the pe bse at Intrataction 7 (2) The search for ret, A hy penne iene a te eay on fhe evap trom fovea vith Taw, eon, ‘oa the sitweores un process nvove snl policy mahing) There tm 9 growing ary ‘Hse of goverment eons, pla panies iene ops lvl proven, pole! communion st le ft cation pouch he en an the stnty af ott sco eas ees the dome face of pes whenever they my enn—in stl eto, sce i cae me pl he oreainicempitiattontony poo “We bela a truth Wha ea ey np the ly he the omtent of legal ees Hoga pci ees not ef tt coer with he athe tet ce pls sta BAe sch jor BE + response in pola ‘ed ppt al con re ian haste ‘molaetre sacaogy anal antopotagy ‘The sar for pe ‘sion orale ll the Bik a pin! ane: et hs ced statin elton ens ls wn Ht ies of tctin aleting Yc cee sal Sve: sien onelting quantitative ea data ‘haat of poli sytem ses pil unl sczation bse on ample sry Folia lite vevuitmeut,quattatee cote aly plat commana a ef experen {ator natural salt group prone, nonieive sae a Suc secs atthe sesclope of msm studs wherever pret ewan sal cm eye hy eating ens (1) The snr for stl tna oder, "Te fas nee to cnties—the enc Tor TTA, for esa, ad Toe precision have stained themes ameworks wad conceptual vocabularies eyo thn capacity uo sey Pinte dhe we sighs tal ings of pied see te search. Canepa the athe enn, seeeent nly she stints oles pan, What panties (Uhettea expevisenttuon, sei sy eg tt st op eps oc pola care, pte, atl pli aviation hive altendy seated etseney atthe Geld) ‘ong the shit niles inthe sesame of sone cxjerinentaton have bey the wake ot hse Wr Tso ‘What we have desl are dilent pss of great fer ct wii he sty of pie es promatare to ty 4 a Wipe the rate of the dipin em yes te pin sl be sem. Thr new sevelopc bave Introduction ° implications sot only forthe asaicine of cempattve roti forthe npn of pc eed le Camel soho gl votes toe ee in thetic sie hey pe The ce ‘haan tewet somatic reo pole theory ish proven af Iig teehee wo son ‘noity matin politcal pico nm ig ve Hesitation being api in stngng ann compact eh al tal won Fothrnne the eo elie st in shaping the ae ne ares al pn fs of dete ples hve th lata enc pn ont sum se spent sin of the ee ote shatter ‘af matona poi yt pon she fntonsg i the Soe ‘aoa pol system Haly she tora ans iva ae he sly nec hanes eal atc eo go i pin ae ‘vencimoe theetly piece ‘What we have debe aoe ve Be viewed gn onal aaa spt see ovine wath in ca sin tpn eotintbn ths al sco lea ey Hs seywns, within the Toate see Seow he tes of simaccn ve finde ea es ie ary po Shela et the seme to ele he onw Introduction —— Introduction 4 According ally ti voctory cal enc hh cpl ro Sith the nero he sie the ane ih ‘eros theons vette i te iallrace of Newton ae "ys ce ‘his om thief stair ‘he ‘he apne sk as come 4 el Diary enern wanes pri fr meine spt of ‘he fun pancho smpeative pals Hi oly traction amang the the pnp inatis a exec sn ono he ay of gist aiary. tn aia this etiam Compare polite Hi nell niin ne ers od prove for regulate pte of "mansions ‘tact it ene This porte ia bance) ate foto my by pe eae of the cae at of pla ficment soy mabe expen tony at vt whi x tne con rbance of power. ial famcon seems 0 he Aeally active slo ot epuaton {cave wid analysing the poles p {lthing the sabyroree ot pe ial hey the Federal Papers peemineny faa see eg wn mn tll onion Feetion prey ofthe pes ues wii ow of Henan apts te Fic IOLME Pieper noo Ea (Ov ches Na 3eile int 3th of extrartan,rgulio, irb Fh, al the Hike, tof the pola system sn the wey Ia ay we go emir be sl he Federer wae ese we hove en ice by eco pia ol na he ny inves in IIe scl pow he esac of hi pa these oem sr cena hrs cba ht flow wc cl ny tt mo he a the a "Sin ot eme nyt is sso RN ts hve wrk alow Bes ave et Mtr ie Ince of anal lg} ona ml ey ah tk ts expe wna gic ang rm inp goes Tp Uat uy ave atic on omeretive fa Te {Came "ols spt ih we Sow at oepemcne soon on SE omstmatiot ner eh nye ete ie Introduction 1s wont ae sine deel in pots ye, thee isa igh praablty that polite ponte the cesta prees, the lg, a seseary wl fe aegg hy he vee ‘ihe stn of iterarion mich hc tay he any Tau hanno stale, be ml be eden [Ant abe ak ol pies sie tse oo RESET ow ‘lage nye he pts of peal yes smithy "on ge gn free sbtantsl naicaion aps the or Tia pte a fut nel formants ial wt port oe tren etl mena pte, to cxpain how pi sje ge sad hy they cng. Vi stat esto iat the eer Acoma ofthe facts app, ed ft she and eatin of pte they sl semen Fel ecenh een i ingts Pia sence av am npn dctpline Ta tes 4 ener ie wih the theo a han of pole ws sakes on at he they me made Th ether a inst a ie policy, fan gencaly ee eat teri of hat fecal pte gt ae si hy Ba re ere wom vitae sn poss, Nowhere this oppo to hess ofthe pad oo, te Meet fot wih raat sd yuo mane ly Tors sa {asides Potton were the mat of le pic i Feri the sm, te sd, adhe sie he fetal rats whether hey Beate fewy many aa Seer sey ave some with ie valle ttetet ofthe pay with tho er poli development na xpi gh ody of yal sone, We net tel ata pes2 whens shaping ad Icing spo by tienen sets For example te deeopne of spec tere tay and a pfeional say pa yen aye te {Sroeqenr of the itccton of on el so th ‘ier nto in tren. The sale teh aon aye expan tn, they ty eed ‘event eps hy ive sal ne ‘im tm environ Othe ley» pie tan tia espn oct whi ve tint in thei ot sect the roth commerce the section of eth, {Taine of sme dscns Sx nero slope ny increase the rere the pol em, og Ht skevelop if tito nv: Uni seen hep ta ten enbles oe! withthe esto te Pl {Gt stem wih is fgrei su etna wre enmot cme AREA theres of pol Wnt we doin th book st coir dhe avis oF furan of pal osc to te yin a ew The {two thee we hve sien slaed wr helene ane ‘ont of interest aan, ee agen, pee ccmmaniato, tle mingle splense si ae Jolene The seo ees ie oration the fetal scm san “tala i cattenment, We (Set ae of eng» pil is apa SFnaly. we lhl conser the ay iva yc min np hemes fe Sho eg ye en tintnone wa apt Portes pata SR Se potte anton) The ain cms anomie wih eae ey uc ane ae teal wh di the thar hh fan hope I ne prone an ere oft theoret {Gt femeworh hn Cape Ite ty ‘nce ind apie fins pal recent SecntationClopters 1 tvough VA dean some et th prerton pial sammie, ste making ule ay ‘ion, and rule adjiation. Chapter VIL considers the inracion af politcal ystems with tir _cvitonaca ‘heaps In Chapters 1X ant X we we the heal luamework in peenting 3 desclpmental’ cesta at polka systems, giving examples some of the reseed in capes Xt we conte wth sme angi the quetion of eel of otal deslopment, se en lcs ple pwth‘An Overview Seay near at i ne he wii eyes a tern we ein this bh "They wil be elaborated Intute nates chapars Tt here they ae presented incor fovan ae os Ileal odes that they mony sre nS pile to what flows, an way uf tlating the arous “haplere one tthe other, "The pica concept that we se Feihac ot pte ‘The ter “politi tema bce ines common inthe ties of tests tnd mrgrap nthe eld 9 cor Porte pic, Te le el hm 2 rh ‘Src, Something mere ited hve ton BE pe of ‘omencntre ‘This ew terminology tee 8 new may of Tring pela phenomena ce soe new names tor ol cing and sme new te fer to aves and roves which were ne omer recognise 35 eng palo pect of polite Tine alerts, govcrnment, nation ~ are finite by legal ad ition meanings They tite attention vo paneer of iataons sly fv tn madern Wes Suntec Hage nc te nc that the sy 9 90h w ‘qeton of limiting the subject mater ofthe dpi. Howe peace ero Tipettnee! momcaree eee Se etter or mopeds es a oe ee a Mem Erith cecate es et ane es es compen ‘phenomena in all kins of societies, rogardless of Natta, SES raeengren cree met ‘ich activin may he locate Wats the political system? Re cioe erie nanie ae ee aaa Demet ee og eee Le Soares ieee ee ee eel CESS ge re te oe Soa eae rel Tons ight er PARR Cee deen ee ae in eee rl ee ee eae ee eat nantes fe Pace te ge fe, ae Fn pe ‘Gait lh 77 aanmportance MEM 57% hee ay pital ses of ptr Kn, a att ene erties ly hy have sme gem aie wiht ein ina hn Se cially accepted right to lee seria come sro ett psa cin ese arose gin whee tis teeta ae ee tt Sle the fable nate of ts wt exit) The mt ama vata we ne oy Spy Pl aoa En ce he potia gu ae ail ome way sued rdgeone a pe nea em implies he tinue pa cnn, whe he tc emomls cen sey os i la etguenimalti tn ue pl hee ne ehh ‘rhen cae all soms )san legit phn lute cmpenents aa incre ce competing hoe ie he iCaonship way ‘be Tha if th sag aa eau ee ee Sepals eatin tas ae wnty mopped by hetanconi ane peed ee ae Er anh a aio of te elton ning het the yowe i hes res On oe eae SEALIP iene hen weal he pla ten, fins nthe rth fps me ae seein WBE alte tea thent the nie a era eae Cat timate phy orcon, The post sytem tenting al te pte ie ee emt ‘mts atom gmeonenliatios sch Ngele—_teeain Tn pata pen Sea ewes ot eS nama gy cue x por a fm ma ene ey itch elisa ape Aman eee inal sims Laer ofall he her shen a i pee a such Bip antenna an pwns allah os arc lene rl for SA Aenatian ol demonstration: at renionment nae eta when eo Tras formal anions he pas, Seren gronpm sad tem changes in hii i a ane thT met of comma, objected tosis ate tegataythe syn hangs ne ec en satin ht the gal yen com ptf ptornans a cea ee a ‘cone sey with fre vee mpsion raters that yeaa thane isco to wuts elite pig. aia ees [A ec Sev of he ome of “pte” the maton of se mall oer with pss os anal expen today Aca sas meine sak cnet ea al ee te agin het Yes snl wg ae he SI ateaesemn tre monn opti ee a tany sa ey tele an he ie tl cnt with tee wan pans Kans egrnmanee The ga ga fe a ete Stel cpr ais uh wig an ower en sro aa crac, eg hl en oy nl ttn Thee theo meso Ni frome machetes enc alt a zum eg cen ie wey» Seva ny hat ey Sal ag Bipaing tend or paeance otf ids, ttf tle A tml. or camp ea esa inh the acted yer to wee of men as an cae a tioig compas is wiley aie dt by omy, yada Th sy roa et ne a, by tc i te lf gro, ten fame sy ese a te ‘op privy as nthe fel the lh we comes eee yn fs. chante. Wt Smee 90 An Overview icy sade wp heer se of mation ject, voter, a the case ay wi gto, bres ithe potieal sptem porn oles a esemt ulna the cram, th lig comany hela ead ry mantis. As inlvaate expone themeroes sey that on ctr day cea Kae the mn icy oo te pling ue, they se wom the emery fh ecomomy i iy ‘ana enample is sss ary of he pat system might cr when tation ven se ea oe a mri group yet correla a hes tn polite pao spa he py Death re ede om tralennir o ee. prt grou Feners loby for pscutar stony the Iga ‘con the ease te again yc ase auc wo eae large Mone During. wart the bomen {ely extered 2a eget of wen te ee fot altar serie late ree ate mbt testiams for a doy. Wut the eu {othe banidariee he pol syste "The ecm of wrt then oes sie be cane oem theory oly yatta pos ie Atte pes inet hae, ip. ny ing pate ony use bg asl hvtonmen ay te HSE tai aio, The np ad ‘ips whi lve te olism wi ma Syeas ate Mansetions Between he tem and ie envtan- tment the erin proce ate ier hey Ive the pia spon aa hw hey ote the ol nt content oatpae ad aw ets “ste” ad “ne ane aan of sete i svat Stes what abe pee pot bysem Ts ‘ha hee acta egy tema eo ome ‘on peak ofthe teratonn hetce the jg the jury te wetting ai dense anoieys, witout dee ra ple shut make clear the w sees ivi we ae it relent she total Sis ‘ory be ive fb at to that pet of Bs actiice whl ved he pie trey wie tot iy Tht prior pattie svn of ivy whith Savin pital jonny wetter to at te tle "The sci, icing ial ys fron rani 3 vai ol Faia nt sre elated ‘ay siertnes Th oiesp ie oe,» ere acute of len Ih enw wether "ake om “arte” rather than “ce” sid inttuion jn that we st emphnve the sal Icio af the, Be ina einefeat “nao” my rer 40 fn, 0 thors pocnmed tyne the Nba of age oie Shown eal osc of bebvin wove whe igh sh them to tpte "Role" and "arto sete tote osreb teavior fda Leg ete a est noms ay aed thar bein bt they ey dsr ll ‘eying wih the concep o role soe ofthe asic wits ofall sen we may speak a ne x expe ive bt coma of cc tng ne sia the plea spn 2st offering ayes (Cor crane, flares ecteraten, pete row, ad “We cel 0 Hn ew oth es telore we tenve is ana of va al statane(H the bk 0 have 3 Alvelpmentlerpta we have tel with he hich ainsi ot change pli e090 AREER arpa! rl wre eae or i lial vole meet md ees may be abot ey apy Every pial spate iy contially soled in rectangle st potatoes We pea. hen [ithe resramen fonction, bic st be performed in tlt spate Hi oes ae be sale a HS sro {es net ftom A pescpal apt the development of anstrmation of the polis! sytem Ie iat we all role Utijeentiain, on srutonal difrentition) By alleen thon este sa the prone ly Hl change ae one muse specie more stony ot whecby 96 Igpesot roles eed ge wew sorte se ystems su arora frente, we sels tt ly 4 the develop tment of new types of roles a the antral of de cs we flr ae to shang mbit ay tke pce the ‘Nomi ser soe, betwee stores Bete ab Swen Thn for example counts ete case oy parte acter tong beloe they naire flepentence 208 fy tom the the ator hep sysem. speak ing ofthe developmental pet of re ad stcte then we me ntvested no oly the emengene ne ye a le An Oversee s hear iat awh a dah ut this tks the concept of pial sare, We all now th tee re san thn wt aso the ne lesteany maifewe ver given ps af cine Fn reap appene tbe 9 quite dae ad elit ster repens Spon, heh ae tic inpesive pata, amt delet tye Biota: Bat tte th! yest sienly coping with de Grek td ‘ten woe army ive re itm of ht Aspe neva ayo ata pis sng ht pv! ml Sethe i i aot the a tl aa the siete of the Haan popataion, mare a he trae ad the cima ols sks. the te Irene eters he exp fo yt ying i pial ee, we might ae hee bl preie the Wii ofthis politi system when somone hans can option, ing rosin an wll av ie acoal performance aver given pio of ine. Werle tn thee ropes oe ths ppc nenston of she yids, the fel eats a gia te ai and Sty oi “ate ppl ‘ella Shwe Spec opens aa pate whiny e fe iti seanie yt eos ppg) Theil ns setter ow oxi whi we wp te pp Sa ail ocmay Tan cl fap {tar group ourlrch Sarg seve aye ra ton and stitutes catenin the diferent rok. tucures ssp ofthe pla tem Tn. Pench ry ‘ees or tncacaie fils ay ves peut cane ‘bitferenstes ch em French joo om exea An Overview “Ths, the sais of the pica ptm sly of sinervation of the acta ptteron a Daher meric aver » period of tie, bt aha of he mbjetve rites loc im the pial sytem at whole aa fs elias, oe epochs pepe ra tpi aa explain peor, peed ‘We nce sy to peak af tw somes dn ate tela 2 wal cltne‘The ropes atid, beta aes {which we have teers ae the cemeucave Of pola Scitation. "Tys abe proce wry pica aes Sind vals te inte a sitive termes sd alse ero ini vole, Fall, were» semcep eat wih the developmental sapest of pial saat, 3 once computa that filers i henson ft polit aeuctute The terme Taranto, Seuatiznion the ease ers rete et Sen enh ane etre wes gan An Oversiew a means hci ote ces whether oF ot given come ot jon springs comequnces whieh wer intel, (in eet mnt amc fe ints eral elvan wed ty tht heen ny inhale enn tee drt inthe develop tment fiesta Hwee te his of pol {tape items qe ew ht regan era, Src eommonly nthe devon lal ens Ths the Ronni Eapite reaches ery high eel of strata ‘ier al etal seston, then ell spar ius trge monic to ests ad es scat atta aytene sess the incon aye in Even evil of tine sa u's gem polit sun ey il ‘tea ol developmen in the dag a dexcnaon Sniacaartin Wie have dew she pital st i ; ein yen casing of Potting pops whi afc shee intra Spuaceae may be view roi one tthe cram Ona ay ie ira em Gear) 7 Div Fant the ft pen cei nace po inca pc tenn, ang type the pt yt fon spon Demanie ‘atau sey Tte fling sro toate the range a he aiety of amas wate pon he patil ac: oat aati palortnitis, seieatinal faites, vost and anspor (2) deans forthe regulation blaine om foots for ic safety, contols er ete les erening {o mange, heh, an station, (3) Hemant fev pacing ‘ion the pottat ston tor the sgh ur Moet he fe a ptton government bc stint tongue ic pia arta) dn fo coma a 7 iio of policy inten nn poy lt te le aya jy pr sepa spc fv tineat or an eremonal casos hpi yen ay ‘ese srs ema a many sania, Tor, ade reeset tensity. ‘Nace ype int iy ine eu a ie 2 of upp sation ne: (1) materia Doyo of tone rea the pas ‘serves sha ahora li works ery rae eho to aw nd citer ae tots auch ab yung, pote cain noe fob [iat activity: tenn pon cement ca ‘So, a he manana treme reer be si. pes eens thelial at the tits stg in tele neto pets dma ce ets ost be tcc om he al sens ‘ntisidts acing he pats syuem, Cen apeaiog skoda the polit grasa the open, lea tt sub as gots asec scene sero, pe Sie the testes which enables Jel sete ety "eg nd nner ees wo way Sepak ‘We do not wish to lave he ines, af eu, ti Au Orie a ts mecesiy ve only fo he ity of ih he pi ‘alse isa pare tes tpi of ple syns hat tp te eerste nur by potest ites hing, pests ‘winters, ade. Sn, ops ay ce tw rn ae ta os sas font att asian rm og ple systems Ve toe Tha xytem sat the compact fH sd Foc fssroment a ints may some fn my oe of tee Ace somies— the dimen tery he pial hes nd ‘es of sain nate ly the potest nen he ‘tally cones sey tothe sup we ave Its they ‘nay of way tbe vespnsive to lean epg nthe a tpl stem whist omy These ae: 0 euuse ‘ions wis may tae the oa lt, ny, te J sonal series: @) regulations of chavin whih my take {are os at aft the whe gun han or 2 elt: (3) llestonn ost guy ae ies, mpuuniti, torsos aa te ihe phe ‘opt inling arto floes ispays af pele Symbol sates of piesa en hiss of ws aps sa ps Hea aga to a consiertion of the fonts of putea yen We ae shady omg tht functional ina bl te polviat they Hs ane form, she sen on Reto sa derive (ow sethnoslgia ono thoy “Vedic soil deat noe isted with Honcionaton ee the sudvopolgiss Malinois Rae vw the ses ‘logis Pats, Mean, sat Marion Levy Abu theseen er satay i hs sme of pte ad fa my eealy they hive ai eat the ily to explain nd etic the sil arenes i enn hen we tk of Sei srcturss al tating ae peclrnig famcione Stems. By comparing the pevfrsance of sutures and the regultory vole of poltal alee av sy Tall coon Fations all sen. we may sare stan wi appeae ‘ry ire om one ober ‘The futon any stent say he views om ieront levels One level fet she tye apis, that ie the way it pvtoran at uh bn neato Anne ‘hve while plant. Se sachin pent thes {mown power, Au svmany pres sl tits phys tad erie Fames pone hen aad sie ‘ht to aa aes dips Ath Bevel me ave Fs ‘When we speak of the expan» pote system, we are ling fr ney wy te ewe te eral pstorm ote grow dnc ecu nate type ope ad Snipe Some poltial tyne ave eimai vegeatoe and Srermtve i shnraten Toate supe deme “Song rn thc sete atl ate evens ts dems trom the intraionalevronsent AL the same ine Arn maxi anus tom tei popltons Comnnist {ocaitranin ier rn Inst ttre i ag + Stott apt mn wll Tha a the po i yc ant cw oe inthe population to er group I deme oie gs gota, exist, aml seis ave we alfeted by ings oan vom gmp i the ty. Hon we An Oversicw ” yesh of democraiea2 having highertesposive capably These conreps of segultior, extirine dba and ‘sonsve capably ate simply ways talking aon the Hos st atin ins and ot of the plea pon “They tll lg his eavitonmen, al nes bei shapely he seo feel of taneoning fier othe system, Here wetter wo ronvnion prover. Physi exes onl tthe digeton of nee eimai ese Scala of the bod, sa the anni as thong the wervns sytem he omvcon praesent tis Fe the ways sen Watson ap ay pen ana pt a oy fre the wae hide yee capaci va [owes ut» system ave elt tan fora salt be ste w nnn, It ad lg energy mse rete he the wa of the energy ust stale snd The comerson penser of ome piel spt maybe alt al compar wa eof her sens acoing {2 afl faetonl scheme. We se fo tthe way SEs toon te oid oe ain). Section erst agteation: 2) suthoiatve vl ae enne ‘te te making) (0) these rules se applied al enfored et iain he pes len ate aj cation) ant (6) these Span al betwee the ina sce a nen (nm Finally we stall spk of som maintenance and adept in funtion. Fora auto to penton ety ine fod pant ste Init, ep, a replare New Fars ay perform ty hey ms he nae inks pie ‘tem he lve the vrs sles diplomat ory tiers, ts ofa) sat be sre wo Wee ays lea ow 1 perfor in ‘thon New ley te ene and ee0 An Overview Personne “broken in Theve functions (i ahines. ote sam cic ys ge sy, on ion an rertment of people) wee ies sae is stipe Thy oon ditecly eater hte the vnversnn pre Wt they alec the rma fiend ‘When we empie cla of pial stems with one ae ‘herr veal poltalspatome wth -ome aac, we eto compe rapa, raters futons aa eo Inmintenance adaptation faci, the eens imong thes hice indo level uf futons When we a Shout pall develop i wll lar ei theese fexms. A change i eapity will be act ih changes in the petormance of the onverion foetus at hee Hinges in en wil beet shang i ole sat ‘While the individeateaegoriy of fons which we we nay tm oat t be itappopate whe ly este in emp {ates this heel cacao of fox politi analysis we Geieve i il hl pe eta, snl examination The theory of the pelvis spar wl tom Si the overy the teas beeen thee ieea levels of fnetioning capabilites canst amt a system nsintenance: an apts famosa the "eto of the fonctions at nh ee vou seve of wiry stacy we eal wih wie ven ‘of politi sues we exten! perpetve to ele ined by the variety a form, the letersi an Serta pater aad in Kin ft ey se fon svc. Ty be ela te sige steal common tics Sind characerists 50 that we em gin to think aot how we {in compare cll orl sess hee yt he fst como characteris beste coe: All An Overview a tis stems ca Be came n terns ofthe relationship Sewn ins sates. Tha 9 oar fo ‘ebebiiy ta function 4 will be porn by svete X {Gf that pineal demons will bee by asain {ete groups). This geopiin seumes shot al the plied a Cri th ting x ay th nin nr ie. but tty thee ae no stone wo Be eof the polite Tunes a ‘hm: We may fl ta in aone systema one or ery fem Sacre peor al lial fanttns Te eae of ‘ve and may occupy sic dominant postion, At the ne fxtveme in highly dierent ssn, ha that othe Unie tte, teat fas maybe performed by sey Inge ner a highly pce svcrtes commniatn ‘dominate bythe sas we petal secrutmen byte fletorl and pny stars intr aviclation, by 4 ge tariey of interest groupn (lowes, the retirees be {ree she Unite Sates sal the rine bal eel ee sent exten vase ofthe rane of ilereniaion of sets Banh systems poses pola! srutins performing polat foneion a ny be pre sh te ‘ny powcr siractne ey pesto sore thas oe fone sn an emi ec athe et el ‘tis bot aiming that 2 seacare el pesca ely ‘hove amet which the fora ues lead we tn expec Po Iie strates, sre abe mafancionl og the deres af wulietiowaity depen om smn fcr “Asimpleexiyple of mtitancsonlity om helt ose the proews Typieally, public shal review elton‘faites the deepens sls an ie one This i, wmqueionaiy. majo fap whal te ae {ial seats ye unset. owe Ing o lining the mack seo a Seed on treo state nian aero he formation otal lan tee at 2 ey roe insomnia poe gent, eee in mations wisn ort a depron oe nay they play jane “np” rs i the pe gp ten by vg ie pial emits iteen aa ayo the bai for interest group sagan “Teneo 28 example Stat rm wh hae played ach tant olen te ‘po coisa Tarke, Incl nl Roo Inate he ipac of ater shal unity hae se nea neo thine at maton wt tively lula slileeatse states als ood ructes ao appa ae likely un he quite muon Wie mutiny se in se ier autistic of nvm Drea aa vo a wll a shi sa het pve al Wana ‘he deson of ela pies, ts sat Hin ey en i sary aia soviet Have ben presente sear an tata Te tutes have ben ejsentel 9 callings pene their oval and eleva aly sale thw scan tse Sonal alain aid sir “Th: near ake ah ‘qual favor pen all applicant fo eves: he ds sat fog Satins, att die a partclriac earns Thee oy heir vit Gt wet foe, pena sla An Overview rs ships at ih ning sion primary to oa egos) st tool oats an the ae pone 4 Wear writes. Theft a nrey seni eng trovite + vic oumple" The weenchers expt toa hat pita wating ats in crn Amerie weve sae ‘ne mosern masa of na connate al by the pe fief ye with expt In theron aa Sut wd be the expected tational pater Hat these sis showed hg ‘ragerate and vvesinplied a fonception af tent lial ce ws. We tn Anow that acetal como Sumation, in spite of the ence of the mans mee els se il hone pat nce sn 2 ie meee of ete tle (For examen psn ‘a walthy member of the teaing wal el ely to hove yrst weigh wi iva sera sate ie sare tom any saison ot apetl knowlele oe ee ven gene) Tin fee ca qeion the fact tat sper stern en i the catalan af wana a ern spe ty aay of mene pte sss nus ake act of the sing. ponte a he nl atime Thevelon, nese mj sas {ere Alpe se hve mel pita ae The wn printvesvctes have tne of imental bermestel by serie arantarte an afr cation ‘hs at atten The lifer inthe tlave dominance tne ogo the set atin the ater of wine of thes Components Secariation tet mater a degree the Atnribtion thee “ational aspectsul An Overview “The events which lead pla deveopnent cme eo potatetes wah he pal sytem Hel A pai {Gl aye nay be thestene by va tion, ov be iad Wp n sotortng the salen Hay Ba that meee str ss ene se vay nang dow ovale sates ny have uy aa Hol st tial tha hy develop nes soe, iH to sve the crams vest cna ower 3 opera ie thay have to pt cataly, Aaa aes ot Indian amd naling the sisal stars aval wih The challenge may cone rm intra cange i the sey ‘ot whats the pits! stem nt pre Thing mare sed Ianto aay ees ie law whi demas thai ie ean inthe making al plementation of public poi, Te politcal eles hemeles ty conton te oll 3p tem with» Galenge a they seek to ene the rere rn RRSP et declopen comsequesl note soon sigan change inthe ogi aa wonton fhe Iw et apts into the pola ten Deetopent rsa fen the exiting stm at aur of te pot Sen Fanable to ope TE rem Ts balenge which om omit without frter wert dierent and elt fecularation, Tesh sh te point ont tat sine a the mognite ur »siguies change in the content of te ow of np ny tv in evelopenent” nthe nga teprnive mane. Fe capable of the po : ‘inte me oly nd te hy the etre may repo 4 more wana pater Son tonry ial oc of the die a emp Ue breakup italien sa kw ecard cok ational and developed iets alo may ex ayn of ierentited morn stcunes sok the iu tata apts a aues hen the sal ents eel Sone way of ing shout dese cllenges whic Walevloment tae change Inthe oe ‘alate he ow ms wet eg rer quai Ass bepning we sy songs foe types of praleas e shalengs to 6 yeeny Squcm, The fis af dese the problem of pengiyton nea ington: we cer vo is ashe pron of ARSE be second ype of spstem-leveopment ably opal sommsiment, ich me eter es me eR ‘The thi problem i tha of forsiipuion, the res tks ‘eoupn inthe ity fo is patti Tne aiog ‘the em. At the nth he ruben ot re ‘wells, the pressite from the damestic society vo employ Abe cerns power ifthe patel sem to allan he ‘one, wealth open al hone “The proc of sate bung may arise on of «1h the serial ot the pla stan fn the intranet pic nthe sity she kum elena daeaging the sabiity othe sural ote pla pe fit may resale Tram the sevelopmen athe the pa hic of mew goals, sch sm wana eam sav cxenvgant conf ihn ec we te thew eye 0 rp eh eonmony munined wil spcan items isthe ak deloent a cetacean) the nes in these copies al whe ace Hf athe of bation al toma i lace the pope EES Se det aPa ; An Oveniew sion ar ase wih the emerge of sh 2 ‘hile eu i op thi wy, we might {Ey he problem of sate ing a teeta Se inal cn ay "ct yn \iereniton of sew mea, aracines al bares ee tenet the unt ye Nato ‘phasis the tle 4 al saps of pital eel see to the oc wherchy pope wamter ek enone aa yay tr wae ibe slpes ope ee th gest pla ac Whe ho ty at elated ie important tose, {hem separately. There are many nse wah ena an! peneuative bureaucracies hive heen creme wie et tmogencons pac of lye an common to te cca tli insti has never emeged. The Austen Empire and even ern Hat eps ene in pane en ther are exmpts, patil sg the greenies ek 238 Imperial omen whith th le noe ‘een 10 develop a venta al poneuaiee nace whites the same ti a tie psig ally aie allege pati cman has metic ity Sh nas for portato 40 way aoa : onmeqtence froin, sone fon ot tote intact peppers te a representative legsative anemes Deane ee ation ay ab allege pole sen odes pe ampteace and she atts sence wih ee et 4m the sce, nt veyamive tesa bse te smog tect. Fly the Fable iin owl thee + rp ineee in the volume and intensiy of de ‘mands thatthe political yom conta ur afc te are tion frome or vse (a example. apport) se lcren cement of the populaon, A pve eapense such 2 allege by the pia ite may proce, imental change im bares tatic nga, a nthe pi {QU aves ot tout the polis! elie a the generat tops ee Ive led te problems of stem dso in he Shen i hy ne ch ne cmcgee e folie scm of Wee Hoops ym ee te tanta nr ne te mato Wess Hae thot hon ast our ponyoe to selop ou asa chene whites oe Shen to expla he stra ny poli yc Yo dur tr sront ft pear pens prone itil systems, we mt xamine thew which they have enountyel hoe sin devel prey sie par are encoun ths ee pes eating tem {allenges oye espose he way to exfovaion sa pre ‘lion tn the eld evelopment Inthe bree se ey oa te ke a ts hy oe {ion a sal teary pital age mea ela te suc soa cla characteris pa ste the wag i wh they ae oped with tse tommom sysemevelopent prin, we have take the et stein theses o's theay of polit grow whic, for ips ean why French ad th is tical yer Suh theany may le be ep te people wh ae concerned with the een nf how ten, fae polit development ur sen fovernmental fel in he literal thew nations We wll sere these orton tl vais pins later chapters. Here we hed ly sre. 4 aber of ener st the way in whidh x polis sen respons lenges poms, ha be soet” An Oversew In rm of he he ftona eel a which we have lea ticvel. Thm, te confontlon of 3 spemdeelopmen roblem say be vated tothe changing pater Of pola Stem tapabilies fe, gow or tetine brute, rete, ume, bal ad wepoie expec The manner In wih» sytem seni to thee problens sho ao Be deste items of the vomeenc fr the {eiformanc ofthe converso fata ofthe pita system. Tenge prtcpation he coe of he eightecah 2 (comb sentir, we mt lows Ree response to. ths ‘Hallengetn tems what happened conversion ces Sito ttre gon poll pte, se of common in, Palmer a Cabinet which petomed ese on ‘erin fanins ally, the rere 9 the a tm allege tt aoe dese ten the sem “ping te of econ ato wordy it auccaelly soos dhe catego wate ad ice retletl the development of ‘oes these roles alate ad w dos i tate the Graves a popenses apyeite tthe new pater of ‘perth ofthe elit sem Awe examine te tern {ln between vengesto the sien ed the cera Se Stictaal sn pestrnue Senses to thse eallenges, we fy Ing vl a theory whi lel ow pon In patra hallenge dynes at ca age in the Aestlopment of» piel sytem alee sd conditions the Inoue rapaity of tat spate to Fey ther callenges fn pte” A gn lsrtin a thi the experience of rsa and Cerny with the pale af state bing The egre af barenwrstiation, centration. nn mitaation sich enter ino the response the Pra eite tn the Coral ptr which peweted the German poli sien from tesa letivey inthe winter an twenieh emt to deme tor fans potato I generat i Oversen » solu tone probtem ae the cepa ae ‘eto ve ote pblems of deel “Thete ae’ lea ve sajr fra hal st be eons {ge the analysis of pole devlopment. Pee hee ay doubt thatthe ability a sytem ie hen eens vpn the eypes of pablo it ae Me he saiey ane Unt Sines ant a ere Hein ay be seule ea {20 In compan the Brith experiene wih the any se the spin wee abject to many verse al ise a and weteappeve suldenty The tc woe cutee scnocing Us evry segue that major rs a shee stn te amt estan they Sexcrment law and veer simultoncoly aod Sat A second facie the testers the spt oa a under vaio civcumsanees Support at wll ead Fr ana ge fn cme lato ademas om the Algerians, the sry et ae imams wash ines cae the Reh fee Sib aa cay exe few people ahead INCH Th te lta a trl bes oI ha fog hited the lw apt el ey Sequem warn np nom legen ne Ha Develops in oter socal tem state i ta which may alee pica development, The ca ich the pottial stem i lato evelandel i ety stom i Tote ot overload wil eany ith the epics of ater social pseu he Nomen ects the imeratinl syn: Whe an soe ne ‘spe nce capa neve spc of yrton and eon ‘ele may be sian el al pte with demas he cette tng pea‘An Overview evelopment OF 2 reigns system say develop relative este edacng the ow of innovative demand othe po iutatgiem, Orth neretional pial system may velop wNegulatve o tsuibuive capability which riers the pres Shnctom the domestic yi tens. A casein point 6 the WS udoal itary or tecialsmstance units of the ‘Une Nein whieh nay sce the peste fr the deveop- (Man ofexianve anal reptaive capabilites i am of the ‘Mevatons Thus the existence othe development of ap ‘isi Systems may alec the magnitude of the raeiehattenrontng tcl sytem, hep the ow a 3 Sea ane nest evel el peta bel avo se ine drupe comeeecs cutie PEE ‘Beng ace hand Deahown i Fa religions, oF eo Sas sytems may erate liconent, drde, and new de ‘which oal aa props werioad hep eet ator to conse he fnetonting ter of te sys tu Some kids af polities stems can witht de ZEST an suppor Mcoaions ee an ener. In general ‘Rime we nay noe that sycn with 2 developed and Coed uvewocracy accom ‘Si a ah a * Thee tra, Law oder an be maintain much sey Honora any oe poe Force available Ree Matt genrte a high eve of responsivens to pts Fa ures ean ee mh extn fom Me gFOuTs rer res af suppor fm we Md ces Soe ystems are earl for eonge nu peti: her ar 4 7a the espanse athe ota lies ott syste challenges, Suh respi canot be price at Kn Aint ow the sytem’ eral pater. 1m» given ‘pm a enna tn! cman ae rms minut changes the pital sytem or wih oe gem ol sac change, we ther resprtses may ead Slit elites may nije the serionnen a intensity of eetceaton teh eatcaly my the astm oF rae tuapond ni i is le. The argomnents abot how Feder are have Yong ocd the tention of Ntriana, Wat oof seapomies by Lis and Loi tat ihe dem ban w nee hat no rte old have rewltet inpexetalscommaliton? pervasive and fonda return ti by der in every chapter, "The wood of pots has never ‘ket forthe overt fn be pit cone, To {he presen century pola devepment ceo be prveed. lng ttan veractleing rte, over obelnang ou comparative Shiny ain thn te heath hs an etree nresnly aio tha he yf poli mt be ami tema proves aa, mo