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مصلحة الكفاية الإنتاجية والتدريب المهني (خراطة)
مصلحة الكفاية الإنتاجية والتدريب المهني (خراطة)
) ( NC
NUMERICAL CONTROL
NC
.
) ( NC Programmable Automation
. )(
.
.
. )
( NC
) . ( Part Program
:
1 Program of instructions
2 Machine Control Unit
3 ) ( Processing equipment
) . ( 1 1
) ( 1 1 NC
NC
.
NC ) ( Single Step
.
) ( NC
.
:
- 1
- 2
NC
NC
1-2 )(CNC
COMPUTER NUMERICEL CONTROL
CNC
NC
.
CNC
.
) ( Hard Ware
.
CNC .
( ( PART PROGRAMS
CNC
.
CNC NC
CNC :
STORED PROGRAMS
CNC
) (
.
) ( EDITING FACILITIES
SUB-PROGRAMS
CNC
CUTTER RADIUS COMPENSATION
.
NC
.
OPTIMISED
MACHINING
CONDITION
.
.
Communications Facilities
CNC
.
Diagnostics
CNC
.
Management information
CNC
.
.
CNC
.
) ( .
3 1 CNC
.
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CNC :
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2 .
3 .
4
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6
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) ( 2 1
CNC
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5
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7 .
5 1 CNC
CNC
:
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-2
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6 1 CNC
1 6 1
Machine Tools
CNC
. CNC 1952
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) . ( Single Setting
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) ( ) ( Machining Cells )
( FMS ) ( CIM
) ( 3 1 ) ( 4 1
. EDM
) ( 3 1
) (
) ( 4 1
.
.
.
. CNC
) ( 5 1 CNC
) ( 5 1
3 6 1
Presswork
CNC
notching nibbling Punching
X,Y
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.
.
CNC
Axis identification
. CNC
)Cartesian
( coordinate system
.
.
x.y.z
.
) (+ )_(
)
( machine datum point - :
: Z
z
. z
.
) (+z ) (
z ) ( .
z
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X
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Z ) (
X
) ( Z ) (
X .
- : Y
Y . Z , X
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+ X + Z + Y
CNC
. CNC Y
) ( CNC
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) ( .
CNC
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C B A
Z Y X .
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.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
) -(
.2
.3 MAIN SWITCH
.4 16
.5 ) (
.6 MAIN SPINDLE
) - --
(Colette face center
.7 TOOL TURRET
.8
.9
TAILSTOCK
.10 INTERCHANGEABLE CONTROL BOARD
.11
.12
.13
.14
.15
PC-Turn55
Mill55
PC-
CNC
-1
punched tape
CNC
25 10 25 .
25 10
.
CNC
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) . ( byte
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) ( tape readers
)(
) 8(
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1) . (binary1
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50
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. (binary1) 1
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)(MDI
) . (Conversational Programming CNC
- .
- .
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-:
- .
- .
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) (Graphic simulation .
. MDI
1- 3
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( .
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. ( access medium
- 2 3
). ( random access
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) (FLOPPY Disks
.
.
.
) ( CPU
. CPU buffer
Buffer CPU
-4 HOST COMPUTER
CNC
.
.
.
CNC
) ( DIRECT NUMERICAL CONTROL ) ( DNC
.
.
CONTROL KEYBOARD
Skip block
) (/
DRY RUN
) (
SINGLE
BLOCK
PROGRAM
START/STOP
MANUAL AXIS
MOVEMENT
JOG
APPROACHING
THE
REFERENCE
POINT IN ALL
AXES
FEED
START/FEED
STOP
SPINDLE
OVERRIDE
ROTATIONAL
SPEED
SPINDLE
START/SPINDLE
STOP
CLOSE / OPEN
THE DOOR
CLOSE/OPEN
CLAMPING
DEVICE
TAILSTOCK
BACK/FORWARD
SWIVEL TOOL
TURRET
COOLANT
ON/OFF
AUXILLARY
DRIVES ON/OFF
MODE
SELECTOR
REF-AUTOEDIT-MDI-JOG-
(INC
OVERRIDE
FEED/RAPID
SWITCH
EMERGENCY
OFF
KEY SWITCH
FOR SPECIAL
OPERATION
e.g. MEASURING
TOOLS
ADDITIONAL
PROGRAM
START KEY
ADDITIONAL
CLAMPING
DEVICE KEY
CONSENT
KEY
CNC
-1 MAIN
.SWITCH
-2 AUXILLARY DRIVE ON
-3
: Z X
: REFERENCE POINT
:
REF
Z X
Y
CNC
-1 AUXILLARY DRIVE OFF
-2 SKIP RESET
-3 WINDOWS
-4 MAIN SWITCH
CNC
Dead Stop Point
Workpiece Zero point
Reference Point
Cutter Point
-1
CNC
Sinumerik 810T
-:
G58
) (Programmable Zero Offset
G58 :
:G54+G58
M
W M
A A W
:
A ,W
) )G54+G58
JOG
:
-1
.
-2
.
-3
Z G54
,
:
- : :
Machining Allowance
...
...
) (Hard Skin
2 10 )
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) - (
) (
= x 0.6 x
: 0.5 1
0.25 0.5
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: = 3 1 4 3
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:
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= 3 1 4 3
:
) (
) ( 6
) ( 6 St 50
1 - 0.3
- 0.05
0.1
- 0.025
0.05
/ /
> <
20 20
/
- 0.05 - 0.03 - 0.1 0.5 - 0.1 - 0.3 - 0.1
0.1
0.05
0.2
3
0.5
- 0.03 - 0.02 - 0.05 - 0.05 - 0.1 - 0.05
0.05
0.03
0.1
0.1
0.2 0.1
- 0.02 - 0.01 - 0.025 - 0.025
0.03
0.02
0.05
0.05
: ) / (
- :
- :
) / ( .
-
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0
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X
=
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) / (
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= = 3.14
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(
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47
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40
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38
36
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34
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60 .
140
HB 180
220
HB 260
) (
/
/
)
%12 (
- 180
- 120
50 - 35
300
200
- 150
- 100
35 - 25
200
140
- 100
80 - 60 20 - 15
120
- 100 120 - 60 30 - 10
180
- 120 150 - 80 40 - 20
220
- 90
2 12 80 - 60
120
0
- 90
120 - 50 30 - 15
200
- 40
60 - 20
100
1500
- 200
2500
300
300
80 - 50
400
300
60 - 40
400
800
60 - 50
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22
17
22
16
21
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420
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29
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22
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20
21
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18
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15
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12
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315
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24
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480
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23
19
23
17
20
15
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16
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190
280
210
200
300
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40
52
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37
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55
66
41
50
45
55
41
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) ( 11 ) / (
) 60 ( .
) /(
1
0.8 0.63 0.5 0.3 0.2
23
20
17
16
15
14
12
15
13
12
10
10
15
13
11
10
10
23
18
15
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) ( 12
)
60 (
) / (
1
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5-1
)( -:
-2 .
-1 .
-4 .
-3 .
-6
-5 .
.
.
)(
:
)1 - High Speed Steed (HSS
2 - Sintered Carbides (Notably Tungsten Carbide
3 - Ceramics
4 - Diamond
)5 - Carbide Boron Nitride (CBN
( (HSS CNC
6505 HSS
.
) (SINTERED CARBIDES
CNC
.
))Built-up Edge
) (sintered carbides ) (HSS
sintered carbides
.
)(coated type
)(ISO
)(Sinumerik 810T
CNC
)(P
) (T )(N
CNC
-1 .
-2 .
-3 . JOG
-4 T
TO-Automatic .
-5
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-6 .
-7
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STOR X, STOR Z
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X,Y,Z
I,J,K
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.
Program Structure :
:
-1 :
: SINUMERIK
%
0015
N0010 T1D1
N0020 G54
N0030 G58 X0
Z100
FANUC :
% 0 ~ 9999
G54
0101
N0020 G00 X60 Z100
N0030 G92 Z0
-2
.
N0040 S2000
F0.10 M04 M08
50
-3
:
-1 :
.
-2 .
-3
.
-4
.
-5
.
:
:
-1 .
-2
.
-3
.
-4
.
-5
.
:
0001%
) (
)(25,0
N0030 G54
T2D2
(Side tool right) N0020
X25 Z0
N0040 G00
N0050G
96 F0.07 S175 M03
175 /
N0060 M08
Facing
N0070 G01 X0
)(22,1
25
N0110
Z30
N0150 M30
G17 X-Y
G18 X-Z
G19 Y-Z
) (G71
) (G70
)(G71/G70
) (G90
) (G91
)(M
)
(A
)(
N.G92 S3000
) (G00
) (T1D1
)(N
)(P
:
N. T1D1
T1
1
D1
1
)(P
M06
Automatic
Tool Chang
) (M06
:
)N=1000*Vc/(D
:
N
Vc
=3.14
D
:
G96
) G97(N
)
(FACING
:
)N=1000*Vc/(D
N
Vc
=3.14
N. G95 F0.15
15
)
(
F
) (M3
) (M4
) (M5
M08 Coolant On
M09 Coolant Off
)(M08
)(M09
) ( G00
3/ 8/
12/
) (G00 )
(X40 , ,Z56
((X40, Z20.1
)(R
)(R
P1 P2
P2 P3
P3 P4
G41 G42 G40
N. G41
G41
) (P
G41 Cutter Radius Compensation Left
)(R
)(R
P1 P2
P2 P3
P3 P4
:
N. G42
G42 H11
) (P
G42 Cutter Radius Compensation Right
G40 Cutter
Radius
Compensation
Cancel
) (G00
(1
)(z
)(M09
(2
)(M05
(3
)(M02
(4
)(M30
)(M02
) (M30
) (G17-G18-G19 ) (X-Z
) (G18
) (G02 )P(X55 ,Z-45
)(R15
) (R
) (R
) ( )(R
) (G02
) (G17-G18-G19 )(X-Z
) (G18
) (G03 )P(X55 ,Z -45
)(R15
) (R
) (R
) ( )(R
) (G03
G02 G03
X
K ) (P1 )(P0
Z
)(P1
) (P0 X,Z
) (Boring
) (G33 )
( ) (M3
)(G33
) (G33 ) (Z-15
1 ). (M3
G04 Dwell
)(G04
-
((G04 X )
(G04 X2.5 2, 5
2000
((G04 P
) (G04 P1000 1
0.1 .
Sinumerik 810T
X
Z
) (Q
R20
R21
R22
R24
R25
R26
R27
R28
R29
R30
R29=XX
X1
X2
X3
X4
1X
Roughing
axis parallel
longitudinal
outside
Roughing
axis parallel
face outside
Roughing
axis parallel
longitudinal
inside
Roughing
axis parallel
face inside
2X
3X
Finishing to
Finishing
offset
longitudinal
outside
Finishing to
Finishing
offset face
outside
Finishing to
Finishing
offset
longitudinal
inside
Finishing to
Finishing
offset face
inside
4X
Complete machining
(roughing, rest edges,
finishing) longitudinal
outside
Complete machining
(roughing, rest edges,
finishing) face outside
Complete machining
(roughing, rest edges,
finishing) face inside
Complete machining
(roughing, rest edges,
finishing) longitudinal
inside
(Q )
X
Z
) (0-89
) (+ )(-
R21
R22
R24
R25
R26
R27
R28
R29
R30
R31
R32
R33
R34
R35
) (L98
)(L98
)
(
soft
-:
R22
R24
R25
R26
R27
R28
R11 =0
R11 =1
CNC
)(1
G1,G2,G3
) (
%1
( G54 ( A
( G58 Z100 ( W
) ( T2 D2
) ( G96 S175 F0.07 M3 M8
) G00 X33 (X
G00 Z0 (Z
)G01 X-1 (Facing
)( G00 X30 Z1
R20=1 R21=22 R22=0 R24=0.1 R25=0.1 R26=0.5
R27=40 R29=31
R28=0.07 R30=0
) ( L96 P1
S220 F0.04
R20=1 R21=22 R22=0 R24=0 R25=0 R26=0 R27=42
R29=21
R28=0.04 R30=0
) ( L96 P1
G00 X33
Z70
) ( M30
) ( L1
G03
G01
G03
G01
G02
G01
G01
M17
X24 Z-1 B1
X24 Z-25
X26 Z-26 B1
X26 Z-49
X28 Z-50 B1
X28 Z-75
X30 Z-75
()
%2
G54
G58 Z65
(2 )
T2 D2
G96 S175 F0.07 M3 M8
G00 X33
Z0
G01 X-1
G00 Z1
X30
R20=2 R21=9 R22=0 R24=0.1 R25=0.1 R26=0.5
R27=40 R29=31
R28=0.07 R30=0
L96 P1
S220 F0.04
R20=2 R21=9 R22=0 R24=0 R25=0 R26=0 R27=42
R29=21
R28=0.04 R30=0
L96 P1
G00 X35
Z70
M30
G01 X10 Z-0.5
Z-10
G02 X20 Z-15 B5
G01 Z-30
G03 X30 Z-35 B5
G01 Z-48
M17
L2
(G01,G02,G03) ( 1)
%3
G54
G58 Z50
T2 D2
G96 S175 F0.07 M3 M8
G00 X43
Z0
G01 X-1
G00 Z1
X40
R20=3 R21=8 R22=0 R24=0.1 R25=0.1 R26=0.5
R27=40 R29=31
R28=0.07 R30=0
L96 P1
S220 F0.04
R20=3 R21=8 R22=0 R24=0 R25=0 R26=0 R27=42
R29=21
R28=0.04 R30=0
L96 P1
G00 X45
Z100
M30
L3
G03
G01
G01
G01
G01
G02
G01
G01
G01
G01
G01
G01
G03
G01
G01
M17
Groove
%4
G54
G58 Z50
T2 D2
G96 S175 F0.07 M3 M8
G00 X43
Z0
G01 X-1
G00 Z1
X40
R20=4 R21=24 R22=0 R24=0.1 R25=0.1 R26=0.5
R27=40 R29=31
R28=0.07 R30=0
L96 P1
S220 F0.04
R20=4 R21=24 R22=0 R24=0 R25=0 R26=0 R27=42
R29=21
R28=0.04 R30=0
L96 P1
G00 X45
Z100
T6 D6
G96 S100 F0.02 M3 M8
R10=0 R21=35 R22=-26 R23=1 R24=0.05 R25=0.05
R26=0.1 R27=8
R28=0.5 R29=0 R30=0 R31=27 R32=-0.5 R33=0
R34=-0.5
R35=0 L93 P1
G00 X43
Z100
M30
L4
X35 Z-18.5
Z-36
X40
M17
%5
G54
G58 Z80
T2 D2
G96 S175 F0.07 M3 M8
G00 X40
Z0
G01 X-1
G00 Z1
X36
R20=5 R21=26 R22=0 R24=0.1 R25=0.1 R26=0.5
R27=40 R29=31
R28=0.07 R30=0.5
L95 P1
S220 F0.04
R20=5 R21=26 R22=0 R24=0 R25=0 R26=0 R27=42
R29=21
R28=0.04 R30=0.5
L95 P1
G00 X40
Z100
T4 D4
G97 S500 F1.5 M3 M8
R20=1.5 R21=30 R22=0 R23=5 R24=-0.975
R25=0.05 R26=3 R27=2
R28=15 R29=30 R31=30 R32=-42 L97 P1
G00 X45
Z100
M30
L5
G18 X-Z
G19 Y-Z
) (G91