Chapter 6

Usman Riaz
US vs Kay
Q1. When the payments made are to influence the officials to make a favorable decision. It is also
regarded as a bribe when it induces foreign official to omit a decision that they would have made
otherwise. Also when the money is paid to get some unfair advantage for obtaining or retaining the
business in that country.
Q2. It is not a defense because the money was paid to obtain improper advantage.

Kirkpatrick Case
Q1. The Krikpatric cases decision was different that the Banco Ncional de Cuba case. In Krikpatric case it
was concluded that there was no embarrassment of the state involved and the Banco case was decided
on the basis of the State Doctrine law. This case did overrule that decision because in this case a decision
was made in the US and before that the matters of other states could not be resolved in the US.
Q2. Act of state law prohibits any act of state that occurs within its sovereign borders cannot be
challenged in the court of another nation. Foreign Sovereignty Immunities act prohibits other nations to
be sued in the US.
Q3. The Scandinavian countries Norway, Denmark Sweden and the Netherland are the least corrupt.
African countries such as Somalia, Sudan and Libya are the most corrupt along with Iraq and
Afghanistan.