CHNG IV

CONG NGHE LAM KHUON VA LOI

I/ Vat lieu lam khuon va loi
1. Yeu cau
2. Cac loai vat lieu

II/ Cong nghe lam khuon

A. Phng phap lam khuon bang tay
B. Lam khuon bang may

I/ Vat lieu lam khuon va loi

1. Yeu cau:
o ben : Cat hat nho,ham lng chat set cong chat dnh
ket cao.o ben phu thuoc o am chat.
+ Khuon ti :n = 6080 k.p.a

+ Khuon kho : k = 80200 k.p.a

o deo : dung nhieu ham lng chat set dnh ket tang ham
lng H2O
- Khuon ti : H2O > 5%
- Khuon kho : H2O 8%

Tnh lun (co bop) : Phai them nhieu chat phu gia(nh mun ca,
bot than, rm bot . . .)
Tnh thong kh tang : Cat hat to, tron, o am chat giam.

Tnh ben nhiet : Kha nang cua vat lieu nhiet o cao ma
khong b nong chay, dnh bam tren be mat vat uc gay kho
khan cho gia cong cat got.Tnh ben nhiet tang khi dung cat co
ham lng SiO2(thach anh ) ln.
o am: e lam khuon, in hnh:
Khuon ti :45%
Khuon kho :68%
Tnh ben lau :

2.Cac loai vat lieu :

Thanh phan chu yeu :

Cat: SiO2 (thach anh)

o hat:
Kch thc vat uc cang ln th o hat cang ln

Tnh thu hnh

at set: Cao lanh, Al2O3.2 SiO2. 2H2O,

Bentorit : Al2O3.4 SiO2. nH2O

Chat dnh ket :

- Dung cac loai thc vat, khoang vat
- R mat.
- Nc ba giay(kiem sunfat).
-

Nc thuy tinh:

Na2On. SiO2. mH2O + cat ( K2O.n SiO2. mH2O).

n SiO2. (m-9)H2O

Say 200 220

Hoac thoi CO2

Chat phu :
* Lam tang tnh lun, thong kh cho hon hp.

Bot grafit + at set + nc chat sn khuon uc gang,

hp kim ong.
* SiO2 + set + H2O chat sn khuon uc thep

uc khuon bang kim loai:

* Sn khuon lam tang tuoi tho cho khuon, giam toc

nhiet thanh khuon.

* Rm bot, bot than, mun ca . . lam loi
Quay ve

o dan

II/ Cong nghe lam khuon:

A.Phng phap lam khuon bang tay :

Nhng khuon
uc co cac kch thc, o phc tap tuy y va thng ap dung cho
san xuat n chiec, hang loat nho,va
1.Phng phap lam khuon trong hai hom khuon
Cat ao: La phan hon hp trc tiep tiep xuc vi chat long

Cat em: Khong trc tiep tiep xuc vi kim loai long nen yeu
cau chat long khong cao, thng lam vat lieu cu tron them vi
nc .

a)

b)
d)

c)

Lap rap khuon loi trc

khi rot kim loai

2. Lam khuon tren nen xng

e uc vat uc ln neu thieu hom khuon co kch thc ln th thay the
khuon di bang nen xng.

1-Soi hoac than coc e thong kh; 2-Cac ong thong kh e thoat kh cho
khuon di;3- Hon hp lam khuon ;4- Khuon tien ;5- Chot nem e nh
v khuon tren va khuon di;6- Ranh dan.;7- Coc rot;8- au hi.

3.Lam khuon xen:

e lam khuon trong hai hom khuon nhng mau nguyen
thanh mot khoi do o phai xen bt phan khuon cat di
can tr viec rut mau khuon di va tao phu lai khuon
tren. Do vay, mat phan khuon thng la bac hoac cong.

4. Lam khuon bang mau co mieng ti

Cac mieng ti gan vi chnh bang inh ghim, sau nay rut
ra sau mau va lay theo phng ngang ca mat phan khuon la
mat bac hoac cong.

Lam khuon co mieng ti

 B. Lam khuon bang may

San xuat hang loat, vat uc n gian, kch thc nho

hoac trung bnh.
am chat hon hp va rut mau.

1- Lam khuon tren may ep : co hai loai

May ep t tren xuong.

May ep t di len.
1.Ban may; 2.Mau;3.Hom khuon (o cao H);
4.Hom khuon phu(o cao H); 5.Xa ngang;
6.Chay
ep; 7.Van kh ; 8.Pittong; 9.Xilanh.

Nguyen ly lam viec cua may ep lam khuon

1.Ban may; 2.Mau; 3.Hom khuon (o cao H); 4.Hom khuon
phu(o cao H); 5.Xa ngang; 6.Chay ep; 7.Van kh ; 8.Pittong; 9.Xilanh.

May ep t tren xuong

May ep t di len

 - Xa ngang 5 gan vi chay ep 6 c quay en v tr lam viec . Ban

may 1 gan chat vi mau 2 . Hom khuon 3, khuon phu 4 tat ca c
gan tren pittong 8. Kh nen i vao van 7, se ay toan bo pitong ban
may . Chuyen ong i len chay ep se lun sau en mat tren cua
khuon 3 qua trnh ep dng lai, kh nen thoat ra ngoai toan bo phan
ren ha xuong cung vi pittong. Thi gian ep t 915 giay/ 1 khuon.
e khac phuc hien tng o am chat gan mau nho, xa mau ln
dung phng phap ep t di len hnh s o may ep lam khuon.
- Mau va tao ra long khuon, va lam nhiem vu chay ep khong co
bo phan chay ep 6.
2-Lam khuon tren may dan (1 cung).
3-Lam khuon bang cach phun cat.

C. Cac phng phap lam loi

Bang tay :
Hop

loi nguyen (loi n gian ).

Hop

loi hai na (ghep oi xng).

Hop

loi lap ghep( loi co mieng ri , loi phc tap).

KET THUC CHNG IV

Quay ve chng IV