B kip hc mn ha

o___O O___o
1.Bng tun hon:
a) KL kim: K, Na, Ca, Ba, Li = Khi no cn bn li
b) KL c hidroxit lng tnh:
o Sn, Zn, Al, Pb, Cr, Be = sinh nht, Km, n lm, ph b, c, bia
o Al, Zn, Cu(II), Be, Cr, Sn, Pb = o zp ng b cm xung ph
c) m in theo L.C.Allen:
d) F (4.193) > O (3.610) > N (3.066) > Cl (2.869) > S (2.589) > C (2.544) > H (2.300)
=> Phi m nng cho st ch h!
e) Phi kim quan trng nht: C,H,O,N,S,P =>Chn S Phm.
f) Nhm:
o IA: H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
Hai li ny khng rt c ph
Hn lnh no khng ru c ph
Hi lc nng khng ri cng Php
H! lu nay khng rnh coi film ...
Ht ln no ka rn-rng cng ph
o IIA: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
Bnh m cn sao b rng
Bnh m chm sa b rau
B mng ct sut ba rm
Bnh minh chim s bay ra
B mt ca s ba ry
Banh ming c su b rng
B mang cam snh bnh rn
B mang c sang b rn

o IIIA: B, Al, Ga, In, Tl

Ba, anh ly , g , trong , t lnh
B, n lm, g, (in), Thi Lan
Bn (b) n g t thi
o IVA: C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
Ch, S, gi em, sang nhu, ph b
C siu ghen sang ph
Ca s ght si ph
o VA: N, P, As, Sb, Bi
Nht, Php, Anh, Sc, B
N phi n sch bch
Ngi Php n sch bt
o VIA: O, S, Se, Te, Po
ng sm s thnh pht
ng S s tht P
o VIIA: F, Cl, Br, I, At
Fi cho bn t o
Fin con b t n
Fi chi b iu anh
o VIIIA: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
H ny anh khng xem ri
Hnh nng anh khng x rch
Hy n anh ko xe rc
Hy nh anh khi xa ri
Hng Nga n khc xng rng
o IIIB: Sc, Y, La, Ac

S yu lm anh
o IVB: Ti, Zr, Hf, Rf
Tim Zidan ho ri
o VB: V, Nb, Ta, Db
Vn nh ta y
V nh thm d
o VIB:Cr, Mo, W
C m qun
o VIIB: Mn, Tc, Re
Mnh tnh ri
o VIIIB: Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
Fi r ng c rng iu nhiu P Po
g) Chu k:
o 2: Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Ne
Lng b b c nh ng Flo n
Lm bn, b chp nhn, ng phn nn
Lin b b con nh ng pha nc
Lm b bn cho nn ng phi nhu
o 3: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar
Nng may o sn phng sang ch anh
Nng mang o sang ph sa cho anh
Ngm em anh s pht sng ca ai
o 4: K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn; Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn// Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr
Khi cng sang th vng cng mun; phi c n ci duyn // Gi ght n si b kho
Khng c sng ta vo cm mnh st chm n ct z gy gi anh s b kng
o 6: Cs, Ba, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re...
C b lo hai tai w r

...Tl, Pb, Bi, Po, At, Rn

Thi-lan, ph-b, b, ph-ng, n, ri.

2Z chn => M = 2Z+1

2Z l => M = 2Z (gi nguyn)
h) Gn ht BTH:
o Hi h
Li b bi c nm ng phi n
Nng may o sang ph s cho anh
Khi cn sm ti vi c mu sc cng ngh c // Gi g g n s b khng
o Liu bn b che ngang m phn nng (ck2)
Nng may o sau phng st cnh ao (ck3)
o Hn hnh
Lm b bn cng ngi fng Nam
Nu m anh sng phi sng cng anh (Nay mai anh s phi sng cng ai)
Khi cht s tm v ci m (Khi cn, s tm v cng m st)
o Hong hn ln bng bui chiu
Nng oi pha ni nht mu nh siu
Phong sng cn m khi chiu
Sao tinh vn cng mun phng chiu nha.
o Hong hn ln b bc
Cht nh phng nam
Nng mai nh sng ph
Song ca ai khng ci

So trc vang ca mng

Phi chng ngi cng duyn
Gi gi anh s bit
Khi ri sng yn gic
Nh mun tuyt ri ri
Bng ai cn in su
2.Dy hot ng ha hc:
K, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Ni, Sn, Pb, (H), Cu, Hg, Ag, Pt, Au
Khi c nh may o gip st nh sang ph hn ng hiu Phi u
3.Dy in ha
a) Li+/Li, K+/K, Ba2+/Ba, Ca2+/Ca, Na+/Na, Mg2+/Mg, Al3+/Al, Mn2+/Mn, Zn2+/Zn,
Cr3+/Cr, Fe2+/Fe, Ni2+/Ni, Sn2+/Sn, Pb2+/Pb, H+/H, Cu2+/Cu, Fe3+/Fe2+, Hg+/Hg,
Ag+/Ag, Hg2+/Hg, Pt2+/Pt, Au3+/Au
Lc kh bo c (con) nng may o mu gip c st-2 nh
sang ph hi c st-3-thng-2 hang-1 bc hang-2 pha vng
4.Th t mc nng lng AO
1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,5s,4d,5p,6s, ...: s sng, phi sng, phi sng, u phi sng, u
phi sng
1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,5s,4d,5p,6s,4f ...: sn, sn, phi sn, phi sn , i phi sn, i
phi sn, fi i phi sn
5.Lut bin i tnh cht nguyn t:
R, Kloi, Baz: Ri khi bun
I1, A, Pkim, Axit: t i phi o
6.Danh php ha hu c:
o Met, et, pro, but, pent, hex, hept, oct, non, dec

M em phi bn phn ha hc ngoi ng

M em phi bng ph h hp ngoi ng
Mt em phai bun pht hong hn ni
Mt em phai bi phn, hong hn ni u
M em Phng b Phng ht hi i nh i
M em phi b p hc hnh i ngi p
M em phi bun phin hc hc m nng i
Mi em phi bit phng ha hc ni u
o Dy ng ng ca metan:
M u (met-1)
t 2 (et-2), bu 4 (but-4), pr 3 (pro-3)
Pen 5 (pent-5), hx 6 (hex-6), 7 l heptan
Th 8 tn gi octan
Nonan th 9, can th 10 (dec-10)
7.Nhm chc hu c
o ng ng cng d hi ai
Cu to y, CH2 thm vo.
o Phn gc tnh cht ra sao?
Lin kt c phn ng no xy ra
Phn ng th tht kho l
Hn + lin kt n ta mi
i ba lin kt tht h
Tc nhn cng chng chn ch cng ngay
Xe bn tay, m ngn tay
Va th va cng y ny gc thm.
o Nhm nh cht tht lm thay
-OH l ru,-O ny ete
-COO- ng este
-COOH v phe cht no?
Acid d nh lm sao!
Nhm -CO- li gn vo xeton
c bit hy nh phenol
Phenyl (C6H5) gn vi gc ol diu k
Andehit-carbonyl
Amin cht y hy nhn nitro(-N-)
Ha hu c i ha hu c

8.Cc axit no, n chc:

HCOOH: axit fomic
CH3 - COOH: axit axetic
CH3 - CH2 - COOH: axit propionic
CH3 - [CH2]2 - COOH: axit butyric
CH3 - [CH2]3 - COOH: axit valeric
CH3 - [CH2]4 - COOH: axit caproic
CH3 - [CH2]5 - COOH: axit enantoic
=> Phi anh Phong bn vt ca em
* Cc axit no, nh chc:
HOOC - COOH: axit oxalic
HOOC - CH2 - COOH: axit malonic
HOOC - [CH2]2 - COOH: axit succinic
HOOC - [CH2]3 - COOH: axit glutaric
HOOC - [CH2]4 - COOH: axit adipic
+m mng sng gn anh
+ng mua sn gi anh
* Cc axit bo:
C15H31 - COOH: axit Panmitic
C17H35 - COOH: axit Stearic
C17H33 - COOH: axit Oleic
C17H31 - COOH: axit Linoleic
C17H29 - COOH: axit Linolenic

=> Ph sng i lnh lo

9.Tnh kh ca saccarit:
Phong lu bt phc, v sc hu mang
=> lu=Glu: kh, phc=Fruc: khng kh (nhng trong AgNO3/NH3 th Fruc kh do bin
thnh Glu), sc=Sac: khng kh, mang=Man: kh
10. Bi th amino axit
Khi vit cng thc th ta thm phn khc nhau c mt trong bi th vo phn cng l
CH(NH2)COOH s c cng thc nh tn gi
Thm (hid)r s c gly (glyxin)
CH3 na l d ala (alanin)
C3 c nhnh l Val(Valin)
H5C6- na l phela(phenylalanin)
4C,amino l...
...lysin cao ln m dng oai
Cui cng thm ch C2
Cng bc axit l ngi glu(axit glutamic)
11. Natri :
anh k em nghe
Chuyn mt kim loi kim
lm nn mui bin
Bin mn mi tnh thm

Natri thnh tn
23 l khi lng

Mm, trng, nh hn nc
Ph bin trong t nhin

L mt kim loi kim

Nn hot ng mnh lit
Em i, kh tm kim
Natri n cht u!

Xt n da khng mu
Oxit trng to
Halogen chng khc
Phi kim tc dng ngay
V nh nh iu ny
T kh tr ra y

Natri tht d tnh

To nn mui u tan
Hp cht nhiu v vn
Quan trng trong cuc sng.
12. Tnh cht ca nit:
+Khng mi cng chng v g,
S sng khng c duy tr trong em.
+Nh em chu k hai,
C nm in t lp ngoi bao che.
+Ma ng ri n ma h,

Nh th by anh v thm em.

+Tui em mi bn xun xanh,
Ngh chi ti chuyn i n lm g.
13. Tnh tan:
+Loi mui tan tt c
Bt k kim loi no
Nitrat, acetat
i! K l lm sao.
Nhng mui hu ht tan
L clorua, sulfat
Tr bc, ch clorua
Ch, Bari sulfat.
Nhng mui khng ha tan
Carbonat, photphat
Anh sulfit, sulfur
Ch ch c a
Tr kim, amoni.
Mi khi u tan ht!
+Baz, nhng ch khng tan:
ng, nhm, crm, km, mangan, st, ch.
t tan l ci Canxi
Magi cng chng in ly d dng
Mui kim loi I u tan
Cng nh Nitrat v "nng" hu c
Mun nh th phi lm th!
Ta lm th nghim by gi th coi,
Kim loi I, ta bit ri,
Nhng kim loi khc ta "moi" ra tm
Photphat vo nc "ng im" (Tr kim loi I)
Sunfat mt s "im lm tr tr" :
Bari, ch vi ch-r (Sr: Stronti)
t tan gm bc, "chng kh" Canxi,
Cn mui Clo - rua th
Bc nh kt ta, anh ch c tan (Ging mui Br-, I-)
Mui khc th nh d dng:
SO3 chng tan cht no ! (Tr KL I, ging mui CO3)
Th cn gc ch (S) th sao?
Nhm khng tn ti, ch no cng tan
Tr ng, thit, bc, mangan,
Thy ngn, km, st khng tan cng ch
n y th thi,
Thi th chc bn trng no cng v!

14. Kh nhng, O ly; B g s ny (Ch.kh: b oxi ha; Ch.o.h: b kh)

15. Katot xy ra s kh do c ch k
16. N. mol
on mm bng 10 con di trn mm.
: cn m nh chia v
17. Phng trnh Cla-p-rn & Men--l-p:
PV=nRT: Phng vin l ngi rt tt.
18. Nguyn t khi:
o Anh hydro l mt (1)
Mi hai (12) ct carbon
Nitro mi bn (14) trn
Oxi mi mn mi su (16)
Natri hay lu tu
Nhy tt ln hai ba (23)
Khin Magie gn nh
Ngm ngi nh hai bn (24)
Hai by (27) nhm la ln
Lu hunh ginh ba hai (32)
Khc ngi tht l ti
Clo ba lm ri (35,5)
Kali thch ba chn (39)
Canxi tip bn mi (40)
Nm lm (55) mangan ci
St y ri nm su (56)
Su t (64) ng ni cu
Bi km km su lm (65)
Tm mi (80) Brom nm
Xa bc trm l tm (108)
Bari lng bun chn
Mt ba by (137) ch chi
Km ngi ta cn g
Hai l by (207) bc ch
Thy ngn hai l mt (201)
o Hai ba natri Na = 23
Nh ghi cho r

Kali chng kh
Ba chn d dng K = 39
Khi nhc n vng
Mt trm chn by Au = 197
Oxi gy chy
Ch mi su thi O = 16
Cn bc d ri
Mt trm l tm Ag = 108
St mu trng xm
Nm su c g Fe = 56
Ngh ti beri
Nh ngay l chn Be = 9
Gp ba ln chn
L ca anh nhm Al = 27
Cn ca crm
L nm hai Cr = 52
Ca ng r
L su mi t Cu = 64
Photpho khng d
L ba mi mt P = 31
Hai trm l mt
L ca thy ngn Hg = 201
Chng phi ngi ngn

Nit mi bn N = 14
Hai ln mi bn
Silic phi kim Si = 28
Canxi d tm
Bn mi va chn Ca = 40
Mangan va vn
Con s nm lm Mn = 55
Ba lm phy nm
Clo cht kh Cl = 35,5
Phi nh cho k
Km l su lm Zn = 65
Lu hunh chi khm
Ba hai r S = 32
Chng c g kh
Cacbon mi hai C = 12
Bari hi di
Mt trm ba by Ba = 137
Pht n khi chy
Cn thn vn hn
Khi lng gin n
L hir mt H = 1
Cn cu it
Ai hi ni ngay

Mt trm hai by I = 127

Nu hai l by
Li ca anh ch Pb = 207
Brom nh ghi
Tm mi t Br = 80
Nhng vn cn
Magi hai t Mg = 24
Chng phi chn ch
Flo mi chn F = 19
o Hiro s 1 khi i
Liti s 7 ngi g ch trai
Cacbon bn nc 12
Nit 14 tui ngy hoa nin
Oxi 16 khun vin
Flo 19 lng ring vng su
Natri 23 xun u
Magie 24 mong cu mai sau
Nhm thi 27 ch cao
Silic 28 lng no li qun
Photpho 31 lp nn
32 nguyn t khi tn Lu hunh
Clo 35,5 t mnh
Kali 39 nhc vinh chng mn

Canxi 40 thng hng

52 rm (Crom) chui ngy tn phi lo
Mangan song ng (55) so o
St thi 56 ng cho trng trnh
Coban 59 cng knh
Km ng mi su lp nn c d
ng su bn
Km su lm
Brom tm chc ci tm ring phn
Stronti 88 ng cn
Bc 108 tng ln s sai
Catmi mt bch mi hai (112)
Thic trm mi chn (119) mt mai cuc i
Iot 127 chng di
Bari 137 sc thi bao lm
Bch kim trm chn lm (195)
Vng mt chn by (197) ting tm chng va
Thy ngn 2 bch 1 thm khng tha (201)
Ch 2 linh 7 (207) chng a la hng
Rai 226 mong
Bismut 2 trm linh 9 c trng cy mnh (209)
Bi th nguyn t phn minh
Lng ny quyt t tin hc hnh

19. Bi th ha tr:
o Kali (K), it (I), hidr (H)
Natri (Na) vi bc (Ag), clo (Cl) mt loi
L ho tr I hi ai
Nh ghi cho k khi hoi phn vn
Magi (Mg), km (Zn) vi thu ngn (Hg)
xi (O), ng(Cu), thic (Sn) thm phn bari (Ba)
Cui cng thm ch canxi (Ca)
Ho tr II nh c g kh khn !
Ny nhm (Al) ho tr III ln
In su tr nh khi cn c ngay
Ccbon (C), silic(Si) ny y
C ho tr IV khng ngy no qun
St (Fe) kia lm lc hay phin
II, III ta phi nh lin nhau thi
Li gp nit (N) kh ri
I , II , III , IV khi thi ln V
Lu hunh ( S) lm lc chi khm
Xung II ln IV khi th VI lun
Pht pho (P) ni n khng d
C ai hi n ,th rng V
Em i c gng hc chm
Bi ca ho tr sut nm cn dng.
o Hidro (H) cng vi liti (Li)
Natri (Na) cng vi kali (K) chng ri
Ngoi ra cn bc (Ag) sng ngi
Ch mang ho tr I thi ch nhm
Ring ng (Cu) cng vi thu ngn (Hg)
Thng II t I ch phn vn g
i thay II, IV l ch (Pb)
in hnh ho tr ca ch l II
Bao gi cng ho tr II
L xi (O), km (Zn) chng sai cht g
Ngoi ra cn c canxi (Ca)
Magi (Mg) cng vi bari (Ba) mt nh
Bo (B), nhm (Al) th ha tr III
Ccbon (C), silic (Si), thic (Sn) l IV thi
Th nhng phi ni thm li
Ha tr II vn l ni i v
St (Fe) II toan tnh bn b
Khng bn nn d bin lin st III
Phtpho III t gp m
Photpho V chnh ngi ta gp nhiu
Nit (N) ho tr bao nhiu ?

I, II, III, IV phn nhiu ti V

Lu hunh lm lc chi khm
Khi II lc IV, VI tng tt cng
Clo, Iot lung tung
II, III, V, VII thng th I thi
Mangan rc ri nht i
i t I n VII thi mi yn
Ho tr II dng rt nhiu
Ho tr VII cng c yu hay cn
Bi ca ho tr thuc lng
Vit thng cng thc phng lng qun
Hc hnh c gng cn chuyn
Sing n chm luyn tt nhin nh nhiu