Proteins (Polypeptides)

Amino acids (20 different kinds)

bonded together by peptide bonds
(polypeptides).
Six functions of proteins:
1. Storage:
albumin (egg white)
2. Transport:
hemoglobin
3. Regulatory:
hormones
4. Movement:
muscles
5. Structural:
membranes, hair, nails
6. Enzymes:
cellular reactions
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20 Amino Acid
Monomers

Proteins (Polypeptides)
Four levels of protein structure:
A. Primary Structure
B. Secondary Structure
C. Tertiary Structure
D. Quaternary Structure

Protein Structures

Enzymes
Enzymes are globular proteins.

Their active site is shaped for

one specific type of substrate.

Proteins

Contain nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen

Made of monomers called amino acids
20 different amino acids
Several functions

Regulate cell processes

Form bones & muscles
Transport substances to/from cells
Fight disease

Protein chains able to fold or twist into different

shapes

Question:
How Are
Macromolecules
Formed?
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Answer: Dehydration Synthesis

Also called condensation reaction
Forms polymers by combining
monomers by removing water.
HO

HO

H2O
HO

H
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Question:
How are
Macromolecules
separated or
digested?
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Answer: Hydrolysis
Separates monomers by adding
water
HO

H2O
HO

HO

H
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Macromolecules

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Macromolecules

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