Professional Documents
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Atmospheric tanks
Floating roof tank Fixed roof tank
Oil inlet
This flows from the top for fixed roof tanks and strikes an expanding plate to assist in gas
separation.
It flows via the bottom for floating roof tanks.
Evaporated gas
Any remaining gas is connected to the low pressure flare for fixed roof tanks.
The roof floats on the liquid and eliminates the vapour space above the liquid for floating roof
tanks
Ventilation
The fixed roof tank is equipped with a double breather valve for pressure to bleed off or for
air to suck in.
The floating roof tank is equipped by an automatic bleeder vent.
Sealing
The fixed roof tank contents can evaporate so a nitrogen blanket is maintained over the liquid
surface as a seal.
Floating roof is sealed to the side of the tank by weights, rubbers or springs loads. (see sketch
attached)
AIR VENTILATION
OF TANKS
Workers were filling one of two MIBC tanks with water from fire
hydrant to valve.
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Fixed roof tanks
t
Fixed roofu tanks
Fixed roof tanks are well known type of storage tanks, constructed over 100 years ago and
r
provided
mostly
with
selfknown
supporting
structures
cone over
or dome
type roofs.
Fixed roof
tanks
are well
type ofroof
storage
tanks, either
constructed
100 years
ago For
n
and provided
with tanks
self supporting
roof structures
conefor
or dome
typeinroofs.
large
diametermostly
fixed roof
column supported
roof either
are used,
example
North
For
large
diameter
fixed
roof
tanks
column
supported
roof
are
used,
for
example
in
North
America. Fixed
v roof tanks are designed as atmospheric , low , or high pressure tanks and
America. Fixed
are designed as atmospheric , low , or high pressure tanks
may be useda to roof
storetanks
hydrocarbons
as per product classification as given for example in
and may be used
to store hydrocarbons as per product classification as given for example
l
the
IP code.
in the
IP code.
v
e
These
willinclude
includethe
the
type
tank,
measures
to obtain
the best
These recommendations
recommendations will
type
of of
tank,
measures
to obtain
the best
performance
with
regarding
to
emission
reduction,
use
of
P/V
valves,
floating
suction,
performancea
regarding to emission reduction, use of P/V valves, floating suction,
internal
floating
roofs,
etc.
internal floating
cost effective
effectivemaintenance,
maintenance,
etc.
n roofs, cost
d
Internal Floating
Roof Tank
3.10
3.11.1
Types of EFRT
> Single deck pontoon roof
> Double deck roof
1. Coflexip drain hose
2. Check Valve
3. Roof drain sump
4. Secondary seal
5. Primary sea
6. Pantograph counterweight
7. Auto bleeder vent
8. Roof legsl
9. Rim vent ( Breather Valve )
10. Roof guide pool
4
10
7
3
2
8
5
1
1
3.11.3
Support legs
3.11.4
Seals/ Types
3.11.4
Seals/ Types
3.11.4
Seals/ Types
3.11.4
Seals/ Types
3.11.4
Seals/ Types
3.11.5
Drains
We could select the most suitable floating roof drains type and size
(capacity), also on the application of the roof sump with the non return valve and with the types of
discharge drain valves at the tank shell. Emergency type drains for double deck and single deck
roof structures are part of the engineering package.
Flame Arrestor
Introduction
Flame arrestor is designed to stop the propagation of flame from ignited flammable liquid vapors with low flash points.
They prevent flame propagation by absorbing and dispatching heat thereby reducing the temperature of the flame front
preventing ignition behind the cell element. Flame Arrestor can be installed either vertically or horizontally and is
available in aluminum, carbon steel or stainless steel. The cell element is available in stainless steel and special materials
are available on request.
Design Features
Because of the safety critical nature of the progress, designing and specifying flame arrestors requires great care and
consideration. There is a wide range of volatile gaseous compounds and mixtures, each having its own unique
combustion characteristics.
Careful consideration also needs to be given to the corrosive nature of these compounds, as the element and housing of
any arrestors will needs to be constructed of materials resistant to this corrosion.
The World Bridge manufacture elements from stainless steel 304, 316 or 316L as standard.
The World Bridge Flame Arrestor is passive device with no moving parts.
They prevent the propagation of flame from the exposed side of the unit to the protected side by the use of wound
crimped metal ribbon type flame cell element. This construction produces a matrix of uniform openings that are
carefully construct to quench the flame by absorbing the heat of the flame. This provides an extinguishing barrier to the
ignited vapor mixture.
4.2.9
4.4.1
Dip hatches
Tank shall be supplied with one dip hatch, unless additional hatches
are specified.