CHNG 8

APTOMAT

KHAI NIM CHUNG

ptmt l TB t ng ct mch in khi
c s c , dng bo v cho mch in khi c s
c qu ti, ngn mch, st p, truyn cng sut
ngc.
Ngoi ra cn cn dng ng m cho mch
in khng thng xuyn ng m.

PHN LOAI
Phn theo kt cu

Loai mt cc.

Loai hai cc.

Loai ba cc.
Phn theo thi gian tac ng

Tac ng khng tc thi.

Tac ng tc thi.

PHN LOAI
Phn loai theo cng dung bao v
Dong cc ai.
Dong cc tiu.
Ap cc tiu.
Aptmat bao v cng sut in ngc.
Aptmat van nng (ch tao cho mach co
dong in ln cac thng s bao v co
th chnh nh c) loai nay khng co
vo va lp t trong cac tram bin ap ln.
Aptmat nh hnh: bao v qua tai bng
rle nhit, bao v qua in ap bng rle

CACH CHON LA APTOMAT

Vic la chon aptmat, chu yu da
vao : Dong in tnh toan i trong mach; Dong
in qua tai; Tnh thao tac co chon loc.
Ngoai ra la chon aptmat con phai cn
c vao c tnh lam vic cua phu tai va
aptmat khng c phep ct khi co qua tai
ngn han (thng xay ra trong iu kin lam
vic bnh thng nh dong in khi ng,
dong in nh trong phu tai cng ngh).
Yu cu chung la dong in nh mc
cua moc bao v Iapt khng c be hn dong
in tnh toan (Itt) cua mach :
Iapt >= Itt

CACH CHON LA APTOMAT

Tuy theo c tnh va iu kin lam
vic cu th cua phu tai, ngi ta hng
dn la chon dong in nh mc cua
moc bao v bng 125%, 150% hay ln hn
na so vi dong in tnh toan cua mach.
Sau cung ta chon aptmat theo cac s
liu k thut a cho cua nha ch tao.

CU TAO CUA APTOMAT

1. u ni

2.
3. Bung dp h quang
4. Tip im tnh
5. C cu truyn ng
6. Cn iu khin
7. Rle nhit
8. Phn t bo v ( RI)

CU TAO APTOMAT
1.H thng tip im :
Gm cac tip im ng va
tip im tnh.
Yu cu cac tip im nay
trang thai ong, in tr tip xuc phai
nho giam tn hao do tip xuc.
Khi ngt dong in rt ln, cac
tip im pha co u bn nhit,
bn in ng khng bi h
hong do dong in ngt gy nn.

CU TAO APTOMAT
2.H thng dp h quang:
H thng dp h quang co
nhim vu nhanh chong dp tt h
quang khi ngt, khng cho no chay lp
lai.
Bung dp h quang cua aptomat
thng co kiu dan dp (aptomat xoay
chiu), co kt hp cun thi t
(aptomat mt chiu)

CU TAO APTOMAT
3.C cu truyn ng ong ct aptomat:
C cu truyn ng ong ct cua
aptomat gm co c cu ong ct va
khu truyn ng trung gian.
C cu ong ct aptomat thng co
2 dang : bng tay a bng c in.
C cu truyn ng trung gian ph
bin nht trong aptomat la c cu t do
trt khp

MT S APTOMAT
1.
2.
3.
4.

Aptomat dong in cc ai
Aptmat dong in cc tiu
Aptomat in ap thp
Aptomat cng sut ngc

APTOMAT DONG CC AI
I
6

flx

3
2

ft

1
I

Hnh : Nguyn ly lam vic aptmat dong in

cc ai

APTOMAT DONG CC TIU

ft

1
flx

I
Hnh : Nguyn ly lam vic aptmat dong
in cc ai

APTOMAT IN AP THP
flx

ft
1

Hnh : Nguyn ly lam vic aptmat in ap

thp

APTOMAT CNG SUT

NGC
flx

6
2 ft
1

Hnh :Nguyn ly lam vic aptmat cng

sut ngc

APTOMAT VAN NNG

1. Tip im dp h quang
2. bung do h quang
3. Tip im lm vic
4. Cun dy ng
5. Rle nhit

6,7. C cu t do tut khp

8. Rle dng in cc i
9, 10. Rle in p

11. Cun dy ct t xa
12 Cn ng ct
13. Gi ta

APTOMAT

APTOMAT

APTOMAT

APTOMAT