Bi 7: C S D LIU (CSDL)

1) Khi nim

CSDL gm cc trng (field) v bn ghi (record).

Trng l mt ct CSDL, mi trng biu th mt

thuc tnh ca i tng v c kiu d liu nht nh.

Bn ghi l mt hng d liu.

Dng u ca min CSDL cha cc tn trng, cc

dng tip sau l cc bn ghi.

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Bi ging MS Excel

2) Sp xp - Menu Data/Sort

Khi xp th t 1 danh sch (CSDL), phi chn tt c

cc ct trnh s mt chnh xc d liu.

DS khng c tn trng th tn ct s thay th.

Trng quy nh cch xp th t gi l kho. C th

nh ti a 3 kho. Cc bn ghi cng g/t kho th
nht c xp th t theo kho th 2; cng g/t kho
th 2 c xp th t theo kho th 3.

Cch lm: Chn min. Chn Menu Data/Sort

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Bi ging MS Excel

Chn kho
th nht

Sp xp
tng dn

[Chn kho
th hai]

Sp xp
gim dn

[Chn kho
th ba]

Ko c dng
tn trng
(sp xp c
dng u)

Dng u l
tn trng
(ko sp xp)

Xp t trn
xung di
Xp t tri
sang phi
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Bi ging MS Excel

3) Tm kim (Lc d liu) Menu Data/Filter

Mc ch: Ly ra nhng bn ghi (thng tin) tho mn

iu kin nht nh.
C th lc theo 2 cch:
AutoFilter: Excel h tr iu kin lc
Advanced Filter: ngi s dng t nh iu
kin lc.

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Bi ging MS Excel

a) Lc d liu dng AutoFilter

Chn min CSDL gm c dng tn trng

Menu Data/Filter/AutoFilter, tn trng c u mi

tn th xung ca hp danh sch

Kch chut vo , c danh sch th xung:

All: hin li mi bn ghi

Top 10: lc ra cc gi tr ln nht hoc nh nht

Custom: t nh iu kin lc

Cc gi tr ca ct: lc ra gi tr bng nh vy

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Bi ging MS Excel

Lc d liu dng AutoFilter (tip)

Nu chn Custom s hin hp thoi Custom AutoFilter

ngi s dng t nh iu kin lc:
VD: Lc ra cc bn ghi c
tng im <18 hoc 22

Nu iu kin V
(And) trn nhiu trng
th ln lt chn iu
kin lc vi tng
trng.

AutoFilter khng th
thc hin c HOC
(or) trn nhiu trng.

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Bi ging MS Excel

Lc d liu dng AutoFilter (tip)

Cc iu kin lc trong Custom:

Equals:
Does not equal
Is greater than
Is greater than or equal to
Is less than
Is less than or equal to
Begins with
Ends with
Contains

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Bi ging MS Excel

>

<

bt u bi
kt thc bi
c cha

b) Lc d liu dng Advanced Filter

B1: nh min iu kin:

Dng u ghi tn trng nh iu kin, ch

phi ging ht tn trng ca min CSDL, tt
nht l copy t tn trng CSDL.

Cc dng tip di ghi iu kin: cc iu kin

cng dng l php AND, cc iu kin khc dng
l php OR.

VD mt s dng iu kin lc c th:

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Bi ging MS Excel

Advanced Filter (tip):

*) iu kin s: iu kin c kiu s

VD: iu kin s con bng 2

S con
2

*) iu kin chui: iu kin c kiu chui

VD: iu kin Chc v l G

Chc v

G
Trong iu kin c th cha cc k t i din ? hoc *
VD: iu kin Tn bt u bng H
Tn
H*
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Bi ging MS Excel

Advanced Filter (tip):

*) iu kin so snh: iu kin cha ton t so snh km vi
cc gi tr so snh: Cc ton t so snh gm: >, <, >=, <=, = , <>
VD: iu kin s con ln hn 2
S con
>2
*) iu kin cng thc: iu kin c kiu cng thc. Trong
trng hp s dng tiu chun ny cn lu :
- tiu (tn trng) ca vng tiu chun phi l mt tn khc vi
tt c cc tiu ca vng Database
- Trong iu kin phi ly a ch ca trong mu tin u tin so
snh
VD: iu kin Tn bt u bng ca tn khc H
Tn
Xut hin TRUE/FALSE hay 1/0
=Left (c2,1)<>H

Advanced Filter (tip): VD to mt s min iu kin

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Bi ging MS Excel

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Lc d liu dng Advanced Filter (tip)

B2: Thc hin lc

Vo menu Data/Filter/Advanced Filter

Hin KQ lc ngay
ti min d liu
Hin KQ lc ra ni khc
Chn min CSDL
Chn min iu kin
Chn min hin KQ
Ch hin 1 bn ghi trong
s nhng KQ trng lp

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Bi ging MS Excel

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C S D LIU
Sp xp:
- Xc nh kha sp xp
Lc d liu:

- Xc nh phng thc lc
+ Lc n gin (Auto Fillter)
+ Lc phc tp (Advanced Fillter)
To lp iu kin
Chn vng bng hin kt qu
Cc hm trn CSDL:
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Bi ging MS Excel

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