Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Khoa ng tu
ng mi tu thu
THNG 02 nm 2007
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MC LC
Chng 1 :
KHI QUT V CNG NGH NG TU V NH MY NG TU
1.1 Qu trnh thi cng ng mi
1.2 Phn loi nh my ng tu
1.3 Phn loi phn xng ca nh my ng tu
1.4 Chn a im nh my ng tu
1.5 S b tr cc phn xng trong nh my
1.6 Nhng vn c bn khi thit k phn xng gia cng chi tit
Chng 2
PHNG DNG
2.1 Phng php phng dng
2.2 Sn phng dng c in
2.3 V tuyn hnh tu
2.4 Dng v khai trin cc ng cong dng v
2.5 Khai trin bn thnh cc c cu bn trong thn tu
2.6 Khai trin tn v bao
Chng 3
LM DNG, LY DU V CHUN B NGUYN VT LIU
3.1 Lm dng
3.2 Ly du
3.3 Chun b v x l vt liu
Chng 4
CC PHNG PHP THI CNG NG MI
4.1 Nguyn tc phn chia tu thnh cc phn, tng on
4.2 Cc phng php lp rp thn tu trn trin
4.3 Cc phng php t chc thi cng ng mi
Chng 5
GIA CNG CH TO CHI TIT
5.1 Phn loi nhm chi tit
5.2 Cng ngh ct kim loi
5.3 Cng ngh un tn v thp hnh
Chng 6
QUY TRNH LP RP V HN CM CHI TIT
6.1 Phn loi cm chi tit theo nhm
6.2 Quy trnh lp rp v hn cm chi tit thanh
6.3 Quy trnh lp rp v hn cm chi tit khung
6.4 Quy trnh lp rp v hn cm chi tit tm
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Chng 7
QUY TRNH LP RP V HN PHN ON
7.1 Thit b lp rp phn on
7.2 Quy trnh lp rp v hn cc phn on phng
7.3 Quy trnh lp rp v hn phn on khi
Chng 8
QUY TRNH LP RP V HN TNG ON
8.1 Thit b lp rp tng on
8.2 Quy trnh lp rp v hn tng on t cc phn on
8.3 Quy trnh lp rp v hn tng on mt
Chng 9
QUY TRNH LP RP V HN THN TU TRN TRIN
9.1 Lp rp thn tu t cc tng on
9.2 Kim tra cht lng ng hn v th kn nc
9.3 Sn tu
Chng 10
H THU
10.1 Cc phng php h thu
10.2 Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh h thu
10.3 Cc thit b h thu bng trt, mng trt
10.4 Cc phng php hn ch dch chuyn ca tu trong qu trnh h thu
10.5 Nhng s c c th xy ra trong qu trnh h thu tu
10.6 Quy trnh h thu tu trn trt mng trt
Ti liu tham kho
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kho
ch to cc
chi tit dng ng
trang thit b
my mc
Nn phng
ct
nh sch
un
sn lt chng g
s liu
t nh
phng dng
Vch du
ct
xp loi
phn nhm
ch to
phn on
ch to
tng on
lp rp thn tu
a tu
xung nc
lp rp cc trang
thit b my mc
trang tr mc
sn hon chnh
chy th
nghim thu tu
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1.4 CHN A IM NH MY NG TU
1.4.1 iu kin v mt a hnh .
a hnh phi thun li cho tu ra vo, cng ca a tng ln nht ng thi
mch nc ngm thp nht (di 2m). a hnh ni b tr phn xng phi tng i
bng phng, nghing u v khu vc h thu, nghing nh v khu vc cao
trnh ngp nc vo ma ma hoc khi nc thu triu ln.
1.4.2 iu kin v lung lch.
Chiu rng v chiu su lung lch ti nh my phi c tho mn h thu
cc c tu d kin s c ng ti nh my. Nu trn lung tu vo nh my c cc
cu ngang lung th cng phi ch m bo chiu cao cc loi tu s ng ti nh
my.
Nu nh my chn phng n h thu dc th chiu rng lng sng phi ln hn
t (2 2.5) L ( L l chiu di con tu ln nht s ng ti nh my).
Nu nh my chn phng n h thu ngang th chiu rng lng sng phi ln
hn t nht 4B (B l chiu rng con tu ln nht s ng ti nh my) v mc nc
ca dng sng phi m bo h thu c 4 ma trong nm.
1.4.3 Cc iu kin phc v sn xut.
Ngun nguyn vt liu cng nh ng ti in, kh gas, ng dn nc v cc
yu cu khc phi c m bo cung cp y v nhanh nht.
iu kin sinh hot cho ngi lao ng phi thun li, gn cc khu cng nghip,
gn ng giao thng, nh my cn thp, nh my sn. . . c bit l gn cng c
th c nhng hp ng sa cha thun li i vi nhng con tu ra vo cng.
Din tch nh my c xc nh theo kh nng cng sut ca nh my hoc
theo s lng cng nhn .
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Mp dui
T,T1 ,T2
y
ox
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3.1 LM DNG
3.1.1 Mc ch
Tt c cc kch thc cng nh hnh dng chi tit sau khi c phng dng hoc
khai trin u c a ly du trn nguyn liu, gia cng chi tit, lp t v kim
tra cc qu trnh gia cng . . . bng dng mu.
3.1.2 Phn loi
Dng o chiu di (cc lt g hoc thanh g).
Dng phng.
Dng khung.
M hnh (mu).
3.1.3 Cch ch to.
3.1.3.1. Dng o chiu di :
3.1.3.2 Dng phng :
Phng php n gin nht l dng lt g :
Phng php dng thit b v song song chuyn dng .
Phng php dng inh l :
Phng php dng tm tm nha c l hoc cc khung li kim loi.
3.1.3.3 Dng khung.
3.1.3.4 M hnh.
3.2 LY DU
3.2.1 Mc ch yu cu ca cng vic ly du.
Ly du gia cng chi tit.
Ly du kim tra.
Ly du lp rp.
Ly du phc v cho vic ch to phn, tng on thn tu.
Ly du phc v qu trnh h thu
3.2.2 Cc hnh thc ly du.
Ly du da vo sn phng
Ly du da vo cc bn v
Ly du ti ch ( Thng s dng trong cng ngh sa cha )
3.2.3 Cc phng php ly du.
Ly du da vo bn v, sn phng, dng v m hnh.
Ly du theo nh chiu
3.2.4 Dng c ly du.
3.2.5 Nguyn tc ly du
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b. Xp nm :
3.3.1.2 Thp hnh hoc nhm hnh :
3.3.1.3 Vn chuyn v bc xp trong kho nguyn liu :
3.3.2 Lm phng tn v thp hnh
Thng nguyn liu khi a v nh my u b cong vnh, li lm. Trc khi
a i gia cng ta cn lm cho cc tm tn phng li, cc thp hnh thng u. Cho
nn cng ngh lm phng tn v thp hnh c cc mc ch sau:
Loi tr cc vt li lm trn b mt tm do vic ngui khng ng u trong
qu trnh nhit luyn, cn thp hoc do vic vn chuyn, bc xp.
Loi tr ng sut d cn li trong vt liu.
Loi tr mt phn cc oxit st bm trn b mt tm boong khi tm sau mt
thi gian di nm ngoi tri.
3.3.3 Lm sch b mt vt liu
Vt liu c dng trong ch to cc c cu v tn v bao thn tu (thng c
lm bng tn tm hoc thp hnh) trc khi a vo gia cng thng c s l theo
qui trnh nh sau :
Lm tan bng tuyt trong thi gian ma ng (i vi nc c kh hu lnh).
Lm sch cc cht bn trn tn tm.
Lm phng.
Sn lt bo v.
Mc ch ca vic lm sch b mt vt liu trc khi a vo gia cng l loi
tr lp oxit st, du m v cc tp cht khc trn b mt nguyn vt liu.
C 3 phng php lm sch b mt vt liu, l phng php c hc, phng
php ho hc v phng php nhit.
3.3.3.1 Cc phng php c hc
a. Phng php th cng:
b. Phng php phun ct:
c. Phng php phun ht thp:
3.3.3.2 Phng php ho hc:
3.3.3.3 Phng php nhit.
Quy trnh cng ngh ca phng php nhit l :
Lm sch bi bn s b (trong cng ngh sa cha)
t nng b mt vt liu bng n oxy-axtylen c nhiu ngn.
nh sch bng phng php th cng.
Sn lt chng g.
3.3.3 Sn chng g
Vic sn lt chng g sau khi lm sch l mt vic rt cn thit v bt buc. Nu
khng tin hnh sn lt th vt liu nhah chng b oxy ho li trong mi trng t
nhin. Cht liu sn lt phi m bo mt s yu cu sau :
C th phun v kh trong vng vi pht. Sau khi kh phi to thnh mt lp
bo v chc chn, khng b nt chn chim
Khng gy kh khn cho cc qu trnh cng ngh tip theo nh ct hi, hn
v.v... Phi tng i bn trong sut thi gian ng tu v chu c nhng va
p c hc trong khi vn chuyn, xp d hoc trong cc cng on sn xut.
Lp chng g khng c nh hng xu i vi cc lp sn tip theo.
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Phng php ny khc phc nhc im ca c hai phng php trn c v phm
vi lm vic trong giai on u theo phng php hnh thp v kh khn trong vic lp
rp cc c o cui cng theo phng php hnh o. Phng php ny hin ang
c s dng rng ri trong vic ng mi tu c ln ti Vit Nam
4.2.2 Phng php tng on:
Phng php ny c s dng rng ri thi cng hng lot cc con tu c trung
v nh. Phng php ny va m bo din tch lm vic ln li m bo thi gian lp
rp thn tu trn trin cho ti khi h thu trn trin ngn v gim c bin dng hn.
Theo phng php ny, cc phn on c lp rp ti xng lp rp v hn, cng
ti y cc phn on c ni ghp vi nhau thnh cc tng on ring bit hon
chnh. Cc tng on ny c chuyn ra mt trin lp rp ton b thn tu.
4.2.3 Phng php lp rp tu t cc chi tit. (Lp p hoc nga)
Theo phng php ny th thn tu hay tng on c hnh thnh bng cch lp
rp theo th t cc chi tit bng phng php lp p hoc lp nga. Nhc im ca
phng php ny l thi gian con tu nm trn trin kh lu v sai s trong thi cng
ln, do vy n thng p dng vi cc tu c nh hoc tng on mi , ui cng nh
cc c s ng tu c trang thit b th s. Trnh t chung ca phng php ny nh
sau :
1. Phng dng
2. t ky
3. Ri tn y
4. Dng y i nu c hoc c cu y
5. Dng cc vch ngang, vch dc (nu c)
6. Dng sn t li n mi
7. Ghp tn mn vi sn
8. Lp cc c cu boong
9. Ri tn boong
10. Dng thng tng v lu
11. Lp h ng lc, cc trang thit b v sn tu
12. H thu
12. Lp t cc trang thit b v trang tr ni tht
13. Sn ton b tu
14. Th tu ti bn v th tu ng di
15. Bn giao tu.
4.2.3.1 Lp p:
u im l ca phng php ny l khung dn lp rp n gin, cc ng hn vi
tn bao ca c cu phn ln l ng hn bng.
Nhc im ca n l phi cu lt mi tip tc thi cng c v phi c bin php
gim bin dng trc khi cu lt.
4.2.3.2 Lp nga:
Nhc im l kt cu khung hn phc tp nht l cc tng on mi, ui cc
ng hn cc v tr, t th phc tp, dn n cht lng khng tt.
u im l khng phi cu lt, chnh xc cao, thng p dng cho tu cao tc.
4.2.4 Phng php lp rp tu t cc Module
V c bn phng php ng tu theo module l vic lp rp con tu t cc tng
on khi (Block) trn lp t sn cc trang thit b c nh. Cc cng on ch
to phn tng on hon ton khng c g mi, nhng phi m bo chnh xc cao
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Tc ct.
tinh khit ca oxy.
Thit b ct, vt liu ct.
5.2.2.6. Cng tc an ton khi ct hi.
5.2.2.7. Mt s quy nh v an ton khi s dng chai hi t.
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7.2.4.2 Cc bc chnh :
Lp rp v hn tn boong.
Ly du ng bao phn on, ng t c cu v t cc chi tit kt cu gia
cng khc ca phn on.
Lp rp v hn cc c cu.
Ly du v ct li ng bao phn on, lu c lng d u lp cc
phn tng on.
Kim tra nghim thu phn on.
7.2.4.3 Qui trnh lp rp v hn phn on boong.
a. Ri tn:
b. Ly du c cu:
c. Lp rp v hn nh c cu .
Trng hp boong kt cu h thng ngang :
Lp rp sng chnh boong.
Lp rp cc x ngang boong (x ngang boong thng v x ngang boong kho).
Lp sng ph boong .
Lp cc x ngang boong 2 u phn on
Trng hp boong kt cu h thng dc :
Lp rp sng chnh boong.
Lp rp cc x dc boong.
Lp rp cc x ngang boong kho.
Lp sng ph boong .
d. Hn phn on boong:
Hn c cu - c cu bng phng php hn th cng hoc bn t ng.
Hn c cu - tn boong bng phng php t ng hoc th cng.
Hn ni vi tn vi tn .
Lp t v hn cc chi tit ph khc theo cc v tr ly du.
Cu lt phn on v t chng ln cc gi , di cc mi ni dc v ngang
ca tn boong, hn mt sau cc mi ni dc ngang ca tn boong.
e. Kim tra v nghim thu:
Kim tra kn nc ca phn on bng phng php th cng hoc siu m.
Kim tra cht lng mi hn.
Kim tra cc sai lch ca phn on : Tham kho IACS
7.2.5 Qui trnh lp rp v hn phn on mn
7.2.5.1 Chun b :
7.2.5.2 Qui trnh cng ngh :
a. Ri tn :
b. Ly du :
Ly du ng chun ca phn on.
Ly du v tr ng kim tra (trng vi v tr mt ng nc)
Ly du cc v tr t khung xng ca mn.
c. Lp rp v hn :
t cc c cu dc v ngang, tin hnh hn nh chng vi tn bao (th t
tng t nh khi lp rp dn boong).
Hn c cu vi c cu theo phng php hn th cng v hn c cu vi tn
mn bng my hn bn t ng.
Lp rp v hn cc chi tit kt cu ph theo v tr ly du trn tm tn mn.
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Mobile: 0903.203877 0904.230693
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Hnh 8.2 Kim tra phn on y chun theo chiu cao bng ng thu bnh
8.2.2.2 t phn on vch ngang.
8.2.2.3 t phn on mn.
8.2.2.4 t phn on boong.
8.2.2.5 Quy trnh hn.
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9.3 SN TU
Sau khi th kn nc xong ton b v bao thn tu v cc khoang kt, ta tin
hnh lm sch v bao thn tu, sau tin hnh sn v trang tr. C 3 lp sn chnh
l sn chng g, sn chng h (cho phn ngm nc) v sn trang tr (cho phn khng
ngm nc).
9.3.1 Cng tc an ton khi sn :
- Sn l cht d gy chy phi trnh cc ngun la.
- Phi thng gi trong khi sn, sau khi sn. Trong khi sn phng chng chy n, kh
chy do hi dung mi trong sn v phi tin hnh kim tra nng kh chy bng thit
b o. Khi thng s thit b o ch qu 0,05% phi ngng thi cng.
- Trong khi sn ngi thi cng phi mang cc trang b bo h nh mt n kh, gng
tay.
- Thit b phun chn khng phi c tip t khi sn.
9.3.2 Quy trnh sn c tin hnh nh sau :
Ty du m bng dung mi thch hp.
Lm sch b mt: phn bn ngoi v tu lm sch ti tiu chun Sa 2.5, phn
cn li t tiu chun ST2.
B mt trc khi sn phi kh, sch, khng bi bn nhim mui hoc cc cht
bm dnh khc.
Khng ct bi, du m hoc nc bn vo b mt sn cn t.
Lm sch, nhn cc cch, g sc trn b tn v cc ng hn.
iu kin sn: m khng kh khng qu 85%. Nhit thn tu cao hn
im sng ti thiu 3o C.
Sau khi lm sch tin hnh sn theo quy trnh.
Tt c cc chng loi sn s dng sn tn kho phi mua b sung dung mi.
Lu :
Kim tra cht lng cc thng sn trc khi sn, sn khng c vn cc, bin
mu, bin cht...
Bin son: Nguyn Vn Hn Ng Hng Qun
Mobile: 0903.203877 0904.230693
Email: hqdhhh@hn.vnn.vn http://kimcokynhan.wordpress.com
Page: 27
ng gi
Tn Sn/Khu vc sn
Chng Loi
(thnh phn)
dy mng sn kh
DFT()
y Tu
BANNOH 500
Sn chng r gc Epoxy
125
BANNOH 500
Sn chng r Epoxy
125
SILVAX SQ-K
75
Sn chng h khng c
100
Sn chng h khng c
100
BANNOH 500
Sn chng r gc Epoxy
125
BANNOH 500
Sn chng r gc Epoxy
125
Sn ph mu gc Epoxy
50
BANNOH 500
Sn chng r gc Epoxy
125
BANNOH 500
Sn chng r gc Epoxy
125
Sn ph mu gc Poly Urethane
50
Mn thay i
Mn kh
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CHNG 10 H THU
10.1 CC PHNG PHP H THU
H thu l qu trnh cng ngh a tu xung nc sau khi kt thc cng vic
ng mi hoc sa cha. Tu c th h thu xung nc nh cc phng php sau :
Nh trng lng ca tu : V d h thu trn trin dc hoc trin ngang.
Nh lc nng ca nc: V d h thu bng u tu v ni, cc pngtng ni
Nh cc lc c gii khc: Dn nng thu lc, cn cu, ti ko, kch, ti kh . . .
10.1.1 H thu bng trin .
10.1.1.1 H thu dc
10.1.1.2 H thu ngang
10.1.2 H thu nh tu.
Nguyn tc h thu: Bm nc vo cho ti khi no mc nc ti ky tu th dng
li kim tra li ln cui k kh nng kn nc ca v bao tu, kim tra cc van
thng bin, kim tra cc t th ca tu xem c nghing hay chi khng. Sau bm
y nc vo tu c th iu ng c ra ngoi.
10.1.2.1 kh: (u tu)
u im : Cng tc chun b cho qu trnh h thu nhanh, an ton, t xy ra s c.
Nhc im : Thi gian tu nm trn u lu, h s quay vng tc dng ca tu nh.
10.1.3.2 nc ( ni)
ni c cu to t mt hoc nhiu phao ni c mt boong phng v cc phao
mn cao m bo bn dc v n nh cho .
ni c hai loi: dng ch U v dng ch L
10.1.4 H thu nh cn cu hay ti ko (tham kho ti liu)
10.1.5 H thu nh thit b thu lc
- y l phng php hin i, chuyn phc v cho vic ng v sa cha cc tu c
nh v trung bnh nh tu cao tc, tu khch . . . v c xu hng s dng ngy cng
tng
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10.3.4 k
Trong qu trnh lp rp
thn tu trn trin con tu phi
c k m mt cch ng
u. Nu khng n s gy h
hng v bin dng cho tu.
Trong cc cn k m th
quan trng nht l cc m ky
(di tm tn ky). Cc tm ny
n 60 % trng lng thn
tu, phn trng lng cn li
m ky mi v li s .
Hnh 10.4 : m k phn mi
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