Javascript

JAVASCRIPT
Bai 1: TONG QUAN VE JAVASCRIPT.

1. ac tnh cua ngon ng Javascript:
avascript la mot ngon ng thong dch (interpreter), chng trnh nguon cua no c nhung
(embedded) hoac tch hp (integated) vao tap tin HTML chuan. Khi file c load trong
Browser (co support cho JavaScript), Browser se thong dch cac Script va thc hien cac cong viec
xac nh. Chng trnh nguon JavaScript c thong dch trong trang HTML sau khi toan bo trang
c load nhng trc khi trang c hien th.
Javascript la mot ngon ng co ac tnh:
n gian.
ong (Dynamic).
Hng oi tng (Object Oriented).
2. Ngon ng JavaScript:
Mot trong nhng ac tnh quan trong cua ngon ng JavaScript la kha nang tao va s dung cac oi
tng (Object). Cac Object nay cho phep ngi lap trnh s dung e phat trien ng dung.
Trong JavaScript ,cac Object c nhn theo 2 kha canh:
a. Cac Object a ton tai.
b. Cac Object do ngi lap trnh xay dng.
Trong cac Object a ton tai c chia thanh 2 kieu:
a. Cac Object cua JavaScript (JavaScript Built-in Object).
b. Cac oi tng c cung cap bi moi trng Netscape.
3. Built-in Object trong JavaScript:

JavaScript cung cap 1 bo cac Built-in Object e cung cap cac thong tin ve s hien hanh cua cac
oi tng c load trong trang Web va noi dung cua no.Cac oi tng nay bao gom cac phng
phap (Method) lam viec vi cac thuoc tnh (Properties) cua no.
4. Cac oi tng c cung cap bi moi trng Netscape:

Netscape Navigator cung cap cac oi tng cho phep JavaScript tng tac vi file HTML, cac oi
tng nay cho phep chung ta ieu khien viec hien th thong tin va ap ng cac s kien trong moi
trng Navigator.V du
oi tng
Window
JAVASCRIPT
Mo ta
Cung cap cac phng phap va cac tnh chat cho ca so hien hanh
cua trnh duyet,bao gom cac oi tng cho moi frame.
MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)
PAGE: 1
Location
History
Document
Cung cap cac tnh chat va phng phap lam viec vi cac a ch
URL hien hanh c m.
Cac oi tng history cung cap thong tin ve cac danh sach cu va
co the gii han s tng tac vi danh sach.
ay la mot oi tng c s dung nhieu nhat .No cha ng cac
oi tng,tnh chat va cac phng phap lam viec vi cac thanh
phan cua tai lieu nh cac :form,link,anchor,applet.
5. Cac oi tng do ngi lap trnh xay dng:

a. nh ngha thuoc tnh cua oi tng: (Object Properties)
Cu phap : Object-name.Property-name (ten oi tng.ten ac tnh)
V du :Mot oi tng airplane co cac thuoc tnh nh sau:
Airplane.model
Airplane.maxspeed
Airplane.price
Airplane.fuel
Airplane.seating
b. Them cac phng phap cho oi tng:( Method to Object)
Sau khi a co cac thong tin ve airplane ta tiep tuc xay dng phng phap e s dung thong tin
nay.V du ban muon in ra mo ta cua airplane hoac tnh toan khoang cach toi a cua cuoc hanh
trnh vi nhien lieu a co:
Airplane.description()
Airplane.distance()
c. Tao mot instance cua oi tng:
Trc khi thao tac vi mot oi tng cua JavaScript ta phai tao mot instance cho oi tng o.
6 . Nhung JavaScript vao trong tap tin HTML:

Cu phap:
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE=JavaScript>
JavaScript Program
</SCRIPT>
Thuoc tnh cua the SCRIPT
+ SRC :a ch URL ch en tap tin chng trnh JavaScript (*.js)
+ LANGUAGE: Ch nh ngon ng c s dung trong Script va cac phien ban s dung (v du
nh :JavaScript ,JavaScript .1.2 vv ,VBScript).
7. An cac Scripts oi vi cac Browser khong cung cap JavaScript:

<!- - Dong dau Script oi vi cac Browser khong cung cap (support)
JavaScript Program
//Dong ket thuc viec dau Script va chu thch - - >
</SCRIPT>
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 2
8. S dung tap tin JavaScript ben ngoai :

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE=JavaScript SRC=http://www.hcmuns.edu.vn/scroll.js>
<!- - Dong dau Script oi vi cac Browser khong cung cap (support)
JavaScript Program
//Dong ket thuc viec dau Script va chu thch - - >
</SCRIPT>
9. Them chng trnh vao tap tin HTML:

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Listing 2.1</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
Here is result:
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="Javascript">
<!-document.writeln("It work<BR>");
-->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Bai 2: S DUNG JAVASCRIPT

1. Cu phap c ban cua lenh :
JavaScript xay dng cac ham,cac phat bieu,cac toan t va cac bieu thc tren cung mot dong va
ket thuc bang ;
V du: document.writeln("It work<BR>");
2. Cac khoi lenh:
Nhieu dong lenh co the c lien ket vi nhau va c bao bi {

V du:
{
document.writeln("Does It work");
document.writeln("It work!");
}
3. Xuat d lieu ra ca so trnh duyet:
Dung 2 phng phap document.write() va document.writeln()

V du:
document.write(Test);
document.writeln(Test);
4. Xuat cac the HTML t JavaScript

JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 3
V du 1:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Outputting Text</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
This is text plain <BR>
<B>
<!- document.write("This is text bold </B>");
- ->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
V du 2:
document.write('<IMG
SRC="welcome.gif">');
document.write("<BR><H1>WELCOME TO
NETSCAPE 2.1</H1>");
- ->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Example 2.4 </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<!- -
5. S dung phng phap writeln() vi the PRE:

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Outputting Text</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<PRE>
<!- document.writeln("One,");
document.writeln("Two,");
document.write("Three");
document.write("...");
- ->
</SCRIPT>
</PRE>
</BODY>
</HTML>
6. Cac k t ac biet trong chuoi:

\n : New line
\t : Tab
\r : carriage return
\f : form feed
\b: backspace
V du:
document.writeln("It work!\n");
7. Lam viec vi cac dialog boxes

S dung ham alert() e hien th thong bao trong mot hop.
V du:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Example 2.5 </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<!- -
JAVASCRIPT
alert("Welcome to Netscape Navigator

21");
document.write('<IMG
- ->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
PAGE: 4
8. Tng tac vi ngi s dung:

S dung phng phap promt() e tng tac vi ngi s dung.
V du 1:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<!- -
document.write("Your favorite color

is:");
document.writeln(prompt("enter your
favorite color:","Blue"));
- ->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
V du 2:
document.write("<H1>Greeting ,");
document.writeln(prompt("enter your
name:","name"));
document.write("Welcome to netscape
navigator 2.01 </H1>");
- ->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<!- document.write('<IMG
S dung dau + e cong 2 chuoi n lai:

V du 3:
document.write("<H1>Greeting ," +
prompt("enter your name:","name") + "
Welcome to netscape navigator 2.01
</H1>");
- ->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<!- document.write('<IMG
9. Cac kieu d lieu trong JavaScript:

a. D lieu kieu so:
+ So nguyen: v du 720
+ So Octal: v du :056
+ So Hexa:v du:0x5F
+ So thap phan :v du :7.24 , -34.2 ,2E3
b. D lieu kieu chuoi:
v du: Hello
245
c. D lieu kieu Boolean:

Ket qua tra ve la true hoac false.
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 5
d. D lieu kieu null:

Tra ve gia tr rong.
e. D lieu kieu van ban (giong nh kieu chuoi)
10. Tao bien trong JavaScript:

Var example;
Var example=Hello;
Ta co the dung document.write(example); e xuat noi dung cua bien.
V du 1: dung t khoa var e khai bao bien
<BODY>
<!-document.write('<IMG
SRC="Welcome.gif">');
name + " Welcome to netscape
-->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Example 3.1</TITLE>
<!- var name=prompt("enter your
name:","name");
- ->
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
V du 2: tao lai mot gia tr mi cho bien

<HTML>
<HEAD>
var name=prompt("enter your
name:","name");
alert ("greeting " + name + " , ");
name=prompt("enter your friend's
name:","friend's name");
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<!-document.write('<IMG
SRC="Welcome.gif">');
name + " Welcome to netscape
-->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
11. Lam viec vi bien va bieu thc:
Thiet lap bieu thc:

Cu phap: <bien> <toan t > <bieu thc>
* Toan t:
= Thiet lap gia tr ben phai cho ben trai
V du :x=5
+= Cong trai va phai ,sau o gan ket qua cho ben trai phep toan
V du: cho x=10,y=5
x+=y => x=15
-= Tr ben trai cho ben phai ,gan ket qua lai cho ben trai
x-=y => x=5
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 6
*= Nhan ben trai cho ben phai,gan ket qua cho ben trai
x*=y => x=50
/= Chia ben trai cho phai ,gan ket qua lai cho ben trai
x/=y => x=2
%= Chia ben trai cho ben phai va lay so d gan lai cho ben trai
x%=y => x=0
* Cac toan t khac:
V du:
x+=15+3
y=++x; (=> y=6 v x tang len 6)
=> x=18
z=x++; (=> z=6 v sau o x gan cho z)
8+5
sau o x tang 1 => x=7
32.5 * 72.3
Do o ta co ket qua cuoi cung la:
12 % 5
x=7;y=6;z=6;
Dau ++ va dau - - va dau V du: x=5;
V du:
x=-x => x=-5
x=5;
Phep toan Logic
&& : va
||: hoac
! not
V du:
x=5 ,y=2 ,c=3
(x>y) && (x>c)
false && anything is always false
(x>y) || (c<x) => true
!x
Toan t so sanh trong JavaScript:
==
1==1 => true
!=
3<1 =>false
>
5 >=4 =>true
<
the != he => true
>=
4==4 =>true
<=
V du:
Toan t ieu kien:
Cu phap:
(ieu kien ) ? gia tr 1 : gia tr 2
Neu ieu kien ung th tra ve gia tr 1
Neu ieu kien sai th tra ve gia tr 2
V du:
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 7
(day=Saturday) ? Weekend : Not Saturday

Toan t chuoi:
Welcome to + Netscape Navigator
V du:
Var welcome=Welcome to
Welcome += Netscape Navigator
! welcome= Welcome to Netsacpe Navigator
V du : S dung toan t ieu kien e kiem tra ngo vao
var output = (response==answer) ?
correct:incorrect;
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
var question="What is 10+10 ?";
var answer=20;
var correct='<IMG
SRC="correct.gif">';
var incorrect='<IMG
SRC="incorect.gif">';
var response=prompt(question,"0");
<BODY>
<!-document.write(output);
-->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
12. Cau truc ieu kien if else

if ieu kien
lenh ;
if ieu kien {
Ma JavaScript
}
V du:
if (day==Saturday) {
document.writeln(Its the weekend);
alert( Its the weekend);
}
V du:
If (day==Saturday) {
}
If (day!=Saturday) {
document.writeln(Its not Saturday);
}
S dung cau truc else if cho v du tren
If (day==Saturday) {
}
else {
document.writeln(Its not Saturday);
}
Cau truc ket hp :

if ieu kien 1 {
Cac lenh JavaScript
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 8
if ieu kien 2 {
Cac lenh JavaScript
} else {
cac lenh khac
}
Cac lenh JavaScript
} else {
Cac lenh khac
}
V du 1 : S dung phng phap confirm() vi phat bieu if
response=prompt(question,"0");
<HTML>
<HEAD>
var answer=20;
var correct='<IMG
var incorrect='<IMG
if (response != answer) {
if (confirm("Wrong ! press OK for
a second change"))
var output = (response ==answer ) ?

correct:incorrect ;
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
-->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
V du 2 : S dung phng phap confirm() vi phat bieu if - else

question="What is 10*10";
answer=100;
<HTML>
<HEAD>
var answer=20;
var correct='<IMG
var incorrect='<IMG
if (response != answer) {
if (confirm("Wrong ! press OK for
a second change"))
}else {
if (confirm("Correct ! press OK
for a second question"))
{
}
}
var output = (response ==answer ) ?
correct:incorrect ;
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
-->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
MTWRFSS
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 9
BAI 3: HAM VA OI TNG

Trong ky thuat lap trnh cac lap trnh vien thng s dung ham e thc hien mot oan chng
trnh the hien cho mot module nao o e thc hien mot cong viec nao o.
Trong Javascript co cac ham c xay dng san e giup ban thc hien mot chc nang nao o v
du nh ham alert(), document.write(), parseInt() va ban cung co the nh ngha ra cac ham khac
cua mnh e thc hien mot cong viec nao o cua ban, e nh ngha ham ban theo cu phap sau:
function function_name(parameters, arguments)
{
command block
}
Truyen tham so:

function printName(name) {
document.write(<HR>Your Name is <B><I>);
document.write(name);
document.write(</B></I><HR>);
}
V du:
Goi ham printName()vi lenh sau printName(Bob);
Khi ham printName()c thi hanh gia tr cua name la "Bob" neu goi ham
printName()vi oi so la mot bien
var user = John;

printName(user);
Khi o name la John. Neu ban muon thay oi gia tr cua name ban co the lam nh sau : name
= Mr. + name;
Pham vi cua bien:

Bien toan cuc (Global variable)
Bien cuc bo (Local variable)
Tra ve cac gia tr:

V du:
Dung return e tra ve gia tr cua bien cube.
function cube(number) {
var cube = number * number * number;
return cube;
}
MTWRFSS
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 10
V du:
MTWRFSS
<HTML>
<HEAD>

</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Ham eval dung chuyen oi gia tr chuoi so thanh gia tr so

eval(10*10)tra ve gia tr la 100
Ham goi lai ham:

V du:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
function testQuestion(question) {
FUNCTION
?;
var correct=<IMG
SRC=correct.gif>;
var incorrect=<IMG
SRC=incorrect.gif>;
//ASK THE QUESTION
//CHECK THE RESULT

: testQuestion(question);
}
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD<
<BODY>
var result=testQuestion(10 + 10);
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
V du 2:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
function
testQuestion(question,chances) {
JAVASCRIPT

FUNCTION
?;
var correct=<IMG
SRC=correct.gif>;
PAGE: 11
var incorrect=<IMG
SRC=incorrect.gif>;
4
//ASK THE QUESTION
//CHECK THE RESULT
if (chances > 1) {
: testQuestion(question,chances-1);
} else {
: incorrect;
}
}

</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
var result=testQuestion(10 + 10,3);
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Bai 4: TAO OI TNG TRONG JAVASCRIPT

1. nh ngha thuoc tnh cua oi tng:
function student(name,age, grade) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.grade = grade;
}
e tao mot Object ta s dung phat bieu new.V du e tao oi tng student1
student1 = new student(Bob,10,75);

3 thuoc tnh cua oi tng student1 la :
student1.name
student1.age
student1.grade
V du e tao oi tng student2
student2 = new student(Jane,9,82);
e them thuoc tnh cho student1 ban co the lam nh sau:

student1.mother = Susan; hoac ban co the nh ngha lai ham student
MTWRFSS
function student(name, age, grade, mother) {

this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.grade = grade;
this.mother = mother;
}
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 12
oi tng la thuoc tnh cua oi tng khac

V du:
function grade (math, english, science) {
this.math = math;
this.english = english;
this.science = science;
}
bobGrade = new grade(75,80,77);
janeGrade = new grade(82,88,75);
student1 = new student(Bob,10,bobGrade);
student2 = new student(Jane,9,janeGrade);
student1.grade.math:dung e lay iem Toan cua student1
student2.grade.science: dung lay iem mon Khoa hoc cua student2
2. Them phng phap cho oi tng:

function displayProfile() {
document.write(Name: + this.name + <BR>);
document.write(Age: + this.age + <BR>);
document.write(Mothers Name: + this.mother + <BR>);
document.write(Math Grade: + this.grade.math + <BR>);
document.write(English Grade: + this.grade.english + <BR>);
document.write(Science Grade: + this.grade.science + <BR>);
}
function student(name,age, grade) {

this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.grade = grade;
this.mother = mother;
this.displayProfile = displayProfile;
}
student1.displayProfile();
V du:
4
<HTML>
<HEAD>
//DEFINE METHOD
JAVASCRIPT
function displayInfo() {
document.write(<H1>Employee Profile:
+ this.name + </H1><HR><PRE>);
document.writeln(Employee Number:
+ this.number);
PAGE: 13
document.writeln(Social Security
Number: + this.socsec);
document.writeln(Annual Salary: +
this.salary);
document.write(</PRE>);
}
//DEFINE OBJECT
function employee() {
this.name=prompt(Enter Employees
Name,Name);
this.number=prompt(Enter Employee
Number for + this.name,000-000");
this.socsec=prompt(Enter Social
Security Number for +
this.name,000-00-0000");
this.salary=prompt(Enter Annual
Salary for + this.name,$00,000");
this.displayInfo=displayInfo;
}
newEmployee=new employee();

</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
newEmployee.displayInfo();
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Vi du:
<script LANGUAGE="JavaScript">

</script>
Trong phan body ban co the xuat ra dang nh sau:
<body>
<script>
document.write("<b><font color=#0000ff face='VNITimes,helvetica,arial'>" + ampmhour + "" + myminutes + ampm)
document.write(" - " + day + " nga y " + myweekday +" ");
document.write( month + " , na m " + year + "</font>");
</script>
</body>
Bai 5: S KIEN TRONG JAVASCRIPT

Cac s kien cung cap cac tng tac vi ca so trnh duyet va tai lieu hien hanh ang c load
trong trang web, cac hanh ong cua user khi nhap d lieu vao form va khi click vao cac button
trong form.
Khi s dung bo quan ly s kien ban co the viet cac ham e bieu dien cho cac hanh ong da vao
cac s kien oc chon
Bang s kien trong Javascript

JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 15
Ten s kien
blur
click
change
focus
load
mouseover
select
submit
unload
Mo ta
Xay ra khi iem tap trungcua ngo vao c di chuyen ra
khoi mot thanh phan cua Form (Khi user click ra ngoai mot
trng)
Khi user Click vao 1 link hoac thanh phan cua Form.
Xay ra khi gia tr cua Form Field b thay oi bi user.
Xay ra khi ngo vao tap trung vao thanh phan cua Form
Xay ra khi mot trang c Load vao trong bo duyet.
Xay ra khi User di chuyen mouse qua mot Hyperlink.
Xay ra khi User chon 1 trng cua thanh phan Form.
Xay ra khi User xac nhan a nhap xong d lieu.
Xay ra khi User ri khoi trang Web.
Bo quan ly s kien (Event Handler)

e quan ly cac s kien trong javascript ta dung cac bo quan ly s kien.
Cu phap cua mot bo quan ly s kien:
<HTML_TAG OTHER_ATTRIBUTES eventHandler=JavaScript Program>

V du:
<INPUT TYPE=text onChange=checkField(this)>
V du:
<INPUT TYPE=text onChange=
if (parseInt(this.value) <= 5) {
alert(Please enter a number greater than 5.);
}
>
V du:
<INPUT TYPE=text onChange=
alert(Thanks for the entry.);
confirm(Do you want to continue?);
>
T khoa this: quy cho oi tng hien hanh.Trong Javascript Form la mo oi tng.Cac thanh
phan cua Form bao gom text fields, checkboxes, radio buttons, buttons, va selection lists.
V du:
<INPUT TYPE=text onChange=checkField(this)>
Cac bo quan ly s kien trong Javascript

oi tng
JAVASCRIPT
Bo quan ly s kien tng ng.
PAGE: 16
Selection list
Text element
Textarea element
Button element
Checkbox
Radio button
Hypertext link
Reset button
Submit button
Document
Window
Form
onBlur, onChange, onFocus

onBlur, onChange, onFocus, onSelect
onBlur, onChange, onFocus, onSelect
OnClick
onClick
OnClick
onClick, onMouseOver
OnClick
OnClick
onLoad, onUnload
onLoad, onUnload
onSubmit
5
Cach dung bo quan ly s kien onLoad & onUnload
<HTML>
<HEAD>
</HEAD>
<BODY onLoad=alert(Welcome to my page!);
onUnload=alert(Goodbye! Sorry to see you go!);>
<IMG SRC=title.gif>
</BODY>
</HTML>
MTWRFSS
Vi du:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
var name = ;
// STOP HIDING FROM OTHER BROWSERS -->
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY onLoad=
name = prompt(Enter Your Name:,Name);
alert(Greetings + name + , welcome to my page!);
onUnload= alert(Goodbye + name + , sorry to see you go!);>
<IMG SRC=title.gif>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Vi du
MTWRFSS
<HTML>
<HEAD>
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 17
// DEFINE GLOBAL VARIABLE
var name = ;
function hello() {
name = prompt(Enter Your Name:,Name);
alert(Greetings + name + , welcome to my page!);
}
function goodbye() {
alert(Goodbye + name + , sorry to see you go!);
}
// STOP HIDING FROM OTHER BROWSERS -->
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY onLoad=hello(); onUnload=goodbye();>
<IMG SRC=title.gif>
</BODY>
</HTML>
Cac s kien va Form

Cac s kien c s dung e truy xuat Form nh:
OnClick, onSubmit, onFocus, onBlur, va onChange.
V du:
<INPUT TYPE=text NAME=test VALUE=test

onBlur=alert(Thank You!);
onChange=check(this);>
Khi gia tr thay oi function check() se c goi. Ta dung t khoa this e chuyen oi tng cua
trng hien hanh en ham check()
Ban cung co the da vao cac phng phap va cac thuoc tnh cua oi tng bang phat bieu sau:
this.methodName() & this.propertyName.
V du:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
function calculate(form) {
form.results.value =
eval(form.entry.value);
}
function getExpression(form) {
form.entry.blur();
form.entry.value = prompt(Please
enter a JavaScript mathematical
JAVASCRIPT
expression,);
calculate(form);
}
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FORM METHOD=POST>
Enter a JavaScript mathematical
expression:
<INPUT TYPE=text NAME=entry
VALUE=
onFocus=getExpression(this.form);>
<BR>
PAGE: 18
The result of this expression is:

<INPUT TYPE=text NAME=results
VALUE=
onFocus=this.blur();>
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>
MTWRFSS
formObjectName.fieldname:Dung e ch ten trng cua hien hanh trong Form.

formObjectName.fieldname.value: dung lay gia tr cua trng form hien hanh.
S dung vong lap trong JavaScript
1 . Vong lap for :
Cu phap :
for ( init value ; condition ; update expression )
V du :
for (i = 0 ; i < 5 ; i++)
{
lenh ;
}
V du:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> for loop Examle </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
<!- var name=prompt("What is your name?" ,"name");
var query= " " ;
document.write("<H1>" + name + " 's 10 favorite foods </H1> ");
for (var i=1 ;i<=10;i++)
{
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 19
document.write(i + " " + prompt('Enter food number ' + i, 'food' ) +

'<BR>');
}
- ->
</SCRIPT>
</BODY>
</HTML>
2 . Vong lap while :

Cu phap:
While ( ieu kien)
{
lenh JavaScript ;
}
V du:
var num=1;
while(num<=10)
{
document.writeln(num);
num++;
}
V du:
var answer= ;
var correc=100;
var question= what is 10*10 ? ;
while(answer!=correct)
{
answer=prompt(question,0);
}
3. Tao mang vi vong lap for:
function createArray(num)
{
this.length=num;
for ( var j=0 ; j<num; j++)
this[j]=0;
}
Ham se tao mot mang co gia tr index bat au la 0 va gan tat ca cac gia tr cua mang ve 0 .
e s dung oi tng mang ta co the lam nh sau:
newArray= new createArray(4)
Se tao ra mot mang gom 4 thanh phan newArray[0] NewArray[3]
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 20
S dung oi tng Windows

Window la oi tng cua moi trng Navigator,ngoai cac thuoc tnh Window oi tng window
con gi cac oi tng khac ma co the c xem nh la cac thanh phan (member) cua window,
cac oi tng o la:
Cac frame a c tao
Cac oi tng location va histtory
oi tng document
oi tng document cha (encompasses) tat ca cac thanh phan trong trang HTML.ay la mot oi
tng hoan hao co cac oi tng khac cua JavaScript gan (attached) vao no (nh la
anchor,form,history,link).Hau nh moi chng trnh JavaScript eu co s dung oi tng nay e
tham khao en cac thanh phan trong trang HTML.
1) Cac thuoc tnh (properties) cua oi tng document
a . alink
b . anchor
c . bgColor
d . cookies
e . fgColor
f . form
g . lastModified
h . linkColor
i . links
j . location
k . referrer
l . title
m . vlinkColor
2) Cac hanh vi (Methods) cua oi tng document
a . clear()
b . close()
c . open()
d . write()
e . writeln()
3) Cac thuoc tnh cua oi tng Window
a . defaultStatus : Gia tr mat nhien c hien th thanh trang thai
b . frames : Mang cac oi tng cha ng mot muc cho moi frame con trong mot frame tai lieu
c . parent : c s dung trong FRAMSET
d . self : Ca so hien hanh , dung e phan biet gia cac ca so hien hanh va cac forms co cung
ten .
e . status : Gia tr cua chuoi van ban c hien th tai thanh status bar.Dung e hien thi cac thong
bao cho ngi s dung .
f . top : nh cao nhat cua ca so cha
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 21
g.
4)
a.
b.
c.
window
Cac hanh vi (Methods) cua oi tng window
alert() : Hien 1 thong bao trong hop thoai vi OK button.
close() : ong ca so hien hanh.
open() : M mot ca so mi vi 1 tai lieu c ch ra hoac m mot tai lieu trong mot ten ca
so c ch nh.
d . prompt() : Hien mot hop thong bao
e . setTimeout() :
f . clearTimeout() :
Hanh vi nay cung cap cach goi phat bieu JavaScript sau mot khoang thi gian troi qua .Ngoai
ra oi tng window co the thc hien event handler : onLoad=statement
Lam viec vi status bar
Khi user di chuyen qua mot hyperlink ta co the hien ra mot thong bao tai thanh status bar cua
bowser da vao event handler onMouseOver va bang cach at self.status la mot chuoi (hoac
window.status).
V du:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Status Example</TITLE>
<BODY>
<A HREF=plc.htm onMouseOver=self.status=Chuyen de PLC ;return true ; >Lop chuyen de PLC </A>
<A HREF=tkweb.htm onMouseOver=self.status=Thiet Ke Trang Web ;return true ; >Thiet Ke Web</A>
</BODY>
</HTML>
M va ong cac ca so
S dung phng phap open() va close() ta co the ieu khien viec m va ong ca so cha tai
lieu.
open (URL , WindowName , featureList) ;
Cac ac iem trong phng phap open() gom co:
toolbar : tao mot toolbar chuan
location: tao mot vung location
directories: tao cac button th muc chuan
status: tao thanh trang thai.
menubar : tao thanh menu tai nh cua ca so
scrollbars: tao thanh scroll bar
resizable: cho phep user thay oi kch thc ca so
width : ch nh chieu rong ca so theo n v pixel
height : ch nh chieu cao ca so theo n v pixel
V du:
window.open( plc.htm,newWindow,toolbar=yes,location=1,directories=yes,status=yes,
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 22
menubar=1,scroolbar=yes,resizable=0,copyhistory=1,width=200,height=200);
V du:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>WINDOWS</TITLE>
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript">
<!-function openWindow(url,name) {
popupWin = window.open(url, name, "scrollbars=yes,width=800, heigth=200 ");
}
-->
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<a href="javascript:openWindow('../chuyende/plc.htm','Win')">PLC</a>,
<a href="javascript:openWindow('../chuyende/suachuaw.htm','stoogeWin')">Sua chua</a>,
<a href="javascript:openWindow('../chuyende/tkweb.htm','stoogeWin')">Thiet ke web</a>
</BODY>
</HTML>
e ong ca so ta co the dung phng phap close()

V du:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Close Example</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY >
<A HREF="#" ONCLICK="self.close();return false"><IMG ALIGN="middle"
SRC="../demo.gif" WIDTH="16" HEIGHT="16" BORDER="0"></A>
<A HREF="#" ONCLICK="self.close();return false">Close This Sample</A>
</BODY >
</HTML>
S dung oi tng string

String la mot oi tng cua JavaScript,khi dung oi tng string chung ta khong can cac phat
bieu e tao mot instance (the nghiem) cua oi tng ,bat ky luc nao ta at text gia hai dau
ngoac kep va gan no en mot bien hoac mot thuoc tnh th ta a tao mot oi tng string.
1. Cac thuoc tnh cua oi tng string
Thuoc tnh length gi so k t cua string.
2. Cac hanh vi (Methods) cua oi tng string
a . Anchor (nameAttribute)
b . big()
c . blink()
d . bold()
e . charAt(index)
f . fixed()
g . fontcolor(color)
JAVASCRIPT
PAGE: 23
h . fontsize(size)
i . indexOf(character,[fromIndex])
j . italics()
k . lastIndexOf(character,[fromIndex])
l . link(URL)
m . small()
n . strike()
o . sub()
p . substring(startIndex,endIndex)
q . sup()
r . toLowerCase()
s . toUpperCase()
JAVASCRIPT
----------------------------
Bien soan: Pham phu Tai

Huu Thanh Design
PAGE: 24

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Javascript

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JAVASCRIPT

Bai 1: TONG QUAN VE JAVASCRIPT.

3. Built-in Object trong JavaScript:

4. Cac oi tng c cung cap bi moi trng Netscape:

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

5. Cac oi tng do ngi lap trnh xay dng:

6 . Nhung JavaScript vao trong tap tin HTML:

7. An cac Scripts oi vi cac Browser khong cung cap JavaScript:

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

8. S dung tap tin JavaScript ben ngoai :

9. Them chng trnh vao tap tin HTML:

Bai 2: S DUNG JAVASCRIPT

2. Cac khoi lenh:

Nhieu dong lenh co the c lien ket vi nhau va c bao bi {

3. Xuat d lieu ra ca so trnh duyet:

Dung 2 phng phap document.write() va document.writeln()

4. Xuat cac the HTML t JavaScript

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

5. S dung phng phap writeln() vi the PRE:

6. Cac k t ac biet trong chuoi:

7. Lam viec vi cac dialog boxes

alert("Welcome to Netscape Navigator

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

8. Tng tac vi ngi s dung:

document.write("Your favorite color

S dung dau + e cong 2 chuoi n lai:

9. Cac kieu d lieu trong JavaScript:

c. D lieu kieu Boolean:

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

d. D lieu kieu null:

10. Tao bien trong JavaScript:

V du 2: tao lai mot gia tr mi cho bien

11. Lam viec vi bien va bieu thc:

Thiet lap bieu thc:

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

(day=Saturday) ? Weekend : Not Saturday

12. Cau truc ieu kien if else

Cau truc ket hp :

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

var output = (response ==answer ) ?

V du 2 : S dung phng phap confirm() vi phat bieu if - else

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

BAI 3: HAM VA OI TNG

Truyen tham so:

var user = John;

Pham vi cua bien:

Tra ve cac gia tr:

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

//CHECK THE RESULT

Ham eval dung chuyen oi gia tr chuoi so thanh gia tr so

Ham goi lai ham:

//CHECK THE RESULT

//DEFINE LOCAL VARIABLES FOR THE

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

// STOP HIDING FROM OTHER BROWSERS ->

Bai 4: TAO OI TNG TRONG JAVASCRIPT

student1 = new student(Bob,10,75);

e them thuoc tnh cho student1 ban co the lam nh sau:

function student(name, age, grade, mother) {

MEDIASPACE CLUB (HTD)

oi tng la thuoc tnh cua oi tng khac

2. Them phng phap cho oi tng:

function student(name,age, grade) {