MT S QUY TRNH K THUT GY NG DC NG LOT TRN B

I. T VN
Gy ng dc ng lot l mt k thut c s dng ph bin trong chn nui ni chung v trong
chn nui b ni ring hin nay, c bit l cc nc pht trin. K thut ny nhm mc ch gy
ng dc v rng trng trn n b ci vo cng mt thi gian, t cho php t chc phi ging
ng lot v c th iu khin gia sc tp trung vo mt thi im thch hp trong nm thun li
cho vic chm sc nui dung b. Chnh v vy, vic hiu bit v ng dng thnh cng k thut ny s
mang li nhng li ch nht nh cho ngi chn nui v nng cao hiu qu kinh t.
II. CHU K NG DC CA B
c c mt quy trnh gy ng dc ng lot thnh cng trn n b th vic hiu r v chu k
ng dc ca b l cn thit. S di y khi qut mt s c im quan trng trong chu k ng
dc ca b. Trong s ny, ngy 0 l ngy u tin gia sc ci c du hiu ng dc,c th pht hin
khi b ci chu ng yn cho b c hay nhng con khc nhy ln lng thi im ny, hm lng
hc-mn estrogen s bt u gim
dn sau khi t cc nh 1 ngy
trc

Lng

hc-mn

progesteron lc ny thp do th
vng cha hnh thnh v s rng
trng s xy ra sau 12-18 gi k t
khi b ci ht biu hin ng dc.
Th

vng,

ni

sn

xut

ra

progesterone, s bt u hnh thnh

trong qu trnh rng trng v pht
trin dn dn t ngy 4 n ngy
th 7 ca chu k. S pht trin ca

S 1: S bin i ca cc loi hc-mn trong chu k ng dc

th vng s ng thi lm gia tng

hm lng progesterone, t ngy th 7 n ngy th 16, hm lng progesterone s t mc cao nht.
giai on ny, 1 hoc 2 nang trng s ln dn ln, duy tr kch thc cc i ca n trong mt thi
gian ngn sau suy gim dn. ngy th 16, hc-mn prostaglandin F2 s c tit ra t t cung
nu nh s th thai khng xy ra, hoc-mn ny s lm suy thoi th vng v ng thi gy gim hm
lng progesterone. Khi lng progesterone gim xung, hm lng estrogen s dn tng ln khi nang
trng mi bt u hnh thnh. Lng estrogen s t cc nh vo ngy th 20 v i cng vi l
biu hin ng dc ca b vo ngy th 21, mt chu k ng dc mi s c bt u

III. MT S CH PHM HC-MN THNG DNG GY NG DC HNG LOT

TRN B
3.1. Cc ch phm c hot tnh prostaglandin

- Synchro-MateB (SMB) cha 6 mg Norgestomet

- Reprodine (ch phm tng hp ca Bayer).

(17alpha-acetoxy-11beta-methyl-

- Prosolvin (ch phm tng hp ca Intervet).

ene, 20-dione) l mt progestagen.

- Dinolytic (ch phm t nhin ca Upjohn).

- CRESTA cha 3 mg Norgestomet.

- Estrumate (ch phm tng hp ca Pitman-

3.3. Cc ch phm c hot tnh estrogen

Moore).

Trong thc tin sn xut, ngi ta khng dng

- Iliren (ch phm tng hp ca hng Hoechst).

estrogen t nhin m thng dng cc ch phm

3.2. Cc ch phm c hot tnh progesteron

ho hc tng hp c tc dng tng t estrogen

Trong thc tin sn xut ngi ta thng dng

nh: stinbestron, hexestron, dietinstylbestron,

cc sn phm ho hc tng hp c tc dng

dienston, estradiol valerat, estradiol benzoat.

tng t nh progesteron, gi chung l

3.4. Cc ch phm c hot tnh GnRH:

progestogen.

- Receptal (Busereline ca Hoechst) dng tim

Cc cht thng dng cho n l:

bp, tim dui da hoc tim tnh mch.

- Melengestrol acetate (MGA)

- Fertagyl (Gonadoreline ca Intervet) dng

- 6-methyl-17acetoxy-progesteron (MAP);

tim bp.

- 6-chloro-6-dihydro-17acetoxy-progesteron

- Ovalyse (Acetate de fetireline ca Upjohn)

- Flurogesterone acetate (FGA);

dng tim bp.

- Dihydroxy progesteron acetophenide (DHPA)

3.5. Cc ch phm c hot tnh gonadotropin

Cc ch phm t m o:

- FSH v LH t nhin: C tc dng tt nhung do

- PRID (Progesteron Releasing Intra-vaginal

chng qu t nn trong thc t thung s dng

Device ca Sanofi) cha 1 cun thp khng r

cc cht thay th l PMSG v HCG. Tuy nhin,

c bc bi mt lp Silicon c tm 1,55g

c hai loi hcmn thay th ny khng c hot

progesteron t nhin.

tnh hon ton nhu FSH hoc LH.

- CIDR (Controlled Internal Drug Releasing

- PMSG: uc chit sut t mu nga cha

device) cha mt li nilon c ph mt lp

ngy th 60-150, dng tim tnh mch hoc tim

Silicon tm 1,9 g progesteron t nhin.

dui da. - HCG: uc chit sut t nuc tiu ph

Cc ch phm cy di da:

n c thai t ngy 8-12, dng tim tnh mch

19-nor-pre-4-

hoc tim bp, tu theo trung hp mun c phn

ng nhanh hay chm
IV. MT S QUY TRNH K THUT GY NG DC HNG LOT TRN B
Hin nay c rt nhiu quy trnh, phng php gy ng dc ng lot cho b, mi phng php c s
khc nhau v loi ch phm hc-mn c dng, cch thc a cc hc-mn vo c th con vt
(tim, t m o, trn vo thc n), hay s ln tim, thi gian tim v nhng yu cu v thi gian
pht hin ng dc Chi ph cho mi phng php cng khc nhau ty thuc vo ngun nhn lc
cng nh sn phm c dng. Di y l mt s quy trnh k thut c s dng ph bin hin nay
gy ng dc ng lot cho b:
2

4.1. Quy trnh dng Prostaglandin (PG) 1 ln tim

Tim PG cho b ci
cha ng hn

- Ngy 0-12: pht hin ng dcc v th

th tinh nhn to
- Ngy 5: tim PG cho b khng c biu
bi hin ng
hn.

Ngy 0

Ngy 5

Ngy 12

Pht hin ng dc
c v th
th tinh nhn to

4.2. Quy trnh dng PG vi 2 l

n tim
Quy trnh ny s dng PG tim cho b vo ngy

S 2: Quy trnh dng PG 1 ln tim

0, sau tim ln 2 vo ngy th

th 14. Tt c nhng
con uc tim u uc dn
n tinh 1 ln
l (80 gi) hay 2
ln (72 v 96 gi) sau ln
n tim PG th
th hai hoc l
dn tinh vo khong 12 gi sau khi bbt u xut hin
ng hn. Theo l thuytt th sau ln
l tim th nht

S 3: Quy trnh dng PG 2 ln tim

khong 70% nhng con c hott ng

chu k s xut
hin ng hn. Nhng
ng con ny v nhng
nh
con cn li
s vo mt giai on thch hp
p ca
c chu k (ngy 815) c phn ng tt vi ln
n tim th
th 2 .
4.3. Quy trnh dng Synch + CIDR & TAI
- Pht hin ng dc v th tinh nhn to
t cho b t
ngy 7-10 sau khi tim PG v t ch phm

S 4: Quy trnh Synch + CIDR & TAI

CIDR vo m o trc .
4.4. Quy trnh 5 ngy-CO-Synch
Synch + CIDR
- Ngy 0: tim GnRH v tt CIDR vo m o

- Ngy 5: ly
y CIDR ra v tim PG; tim li
l PG sau
6-10 ting
- Ngy 8: tim GnRH v tin
n hnh th
th tinh nhn to

S 5: Quy trnh 5 ngy--CO-Synch + CIDR

IV. KT LUN
K thut gy ng dc ng lott cho b c ngha quan trng trong vic qun l
tt chu k ng dc
ca vt nui, qua gip ngi chn nui c k hoch phi ging thun li v ch ng hn. ng
thi, gy ng dc ng lot c
n l bc chun b quan trng cho quy trnh cy truyn phi nhm
nng cao hiu qu sinh sn v c
ng tc nhn ging cho n b ci sinh sn Do , cn phi p dng
v ph bin k thut ny mang
g li hiu qu, nng sut cho ngi chn nui b
.
TI LIU THAM KHO
1) Funston, R. N., and T. L. Protocols for synchronization of estrus and ovulation. 2007. Applied
Reproductive Strategies in Beef Cattle Proceedings.
2) L Vn T. Nghin cu ng
ng dng
d
k thut gy ng dc ng lot,
t, nng cao hiu
hi qu th tinh nhn
to nhm tng nng sut n b
ti
t tnh in Bin. Bo co tng kt ti caa Vin cng ngh sinh
hc. 2010. S: 8149.
3) http://www.dairyvietnam.com/vn
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