CHAPTER 1
Introduction to phlebotomy 8
Training 9
Professionalism 9
Licenses & certifications 9
Areas of employment 10
Laboratory departments 10
Occupational safety and health administration (OSHA) 11
What types of hazards do workers face? 11
Healthcare safety hazards 11
Tips to prevent needlesticks injury 11
Tips to prevent back injuries and strains 12
Sharps container 12
What is the needlestick safety and prevention act? 13
How does the "needlestick act" apply to osha's bloodborne pathogens standard? 13
Implement safer medical devices 13
Procedure to follow post – exposure to blood 13
Latex 14
What is contact dermatitis? 14
What is latex allergy? 14
Recommended powder-free gloves 14
Preventing latex reactions 15
Infection control 16
Chain of infection 16
Modes of transmission 16
Direct 16
Indirect 17
Identifying potentially infectious patients 17
Contact precautions 17
Droplet precautions 18
Airborne precautions 18
Breaking the chain of infection 19
Hand hygiene 19
Products used for hand hygiene 21
Handrubs 21
Handwashing 21
Fingernails and artificial nails 21
Personal protective equipment (ppe) 23
Types & functions of ppe 23
Selecting ppe 23
Gloves 23
Alcohol based rubs 24
Instruction on gloves 24
These are the most important do’s and don'ts of glove use. 24
Gowns or aprons 25
Ppe for face 25
Ppe donning order 25
Using ppe 26
Removing ppe 26
Ppe donning & removing 27
Standard precautions 27
What are bloodborne pathogens? 28
What can be done to control exposure of bloodborne pathogens? 28
Post exposure to bloodborne pathogens 28
Bloodborne pathogen standard 28
Blood borne pathogen spill guidelines: preparing bleach solution 30
Bleach disinfecting solution 30
Clean-up procedure using bleach solution 30
Consent 30
CHAPTER 2
Vascular system 37
Anatomy and physiology 37
Properties of blood 37
Functions of blood 37
Red blood cell (rbc) 39
Normal value 40
Normal shape 40
Normal size 40
Lifespan of red blood cells 40
White blood cells (wbcs) 41
Morphology of white blood cells 41
Normal white blood cell count 42
Platelets 42
Hemostasis 42
Stage 1: vasoconstriction 43
Stage 2: platelet plug formation 43
Stage 3: coagulation of blood 43
Anticoagulants 44
1.Heparin 44
2.Coumadin (warfarin) 44
3.Citrates 44
Blood plasma 45
Blood serum 46
Antibody & antigen 47
Blood groups 47
Blood vessels 50
Arterial system 51
Vasodilation: 52
Vasoconstriction: 52
Venous system 52
Capillaries 53
Veins for phlebotomy 56
Integumentary system 57
Innermost layer: hypodermis/subcutaneous tissue 57
Middle layer: dermis 58
Outermost layer: epidermis 59
Planes & directional terminologies 59
Body planes 59
Directional terms 59
CHAPTER 3
Phlebotomy equipment & supplies 645
Gloves 66
Tourniquet 66
Alcohol pads 67
Gauze 68
Bandage 68
Multisample needles 69
Evacuated tube system (ets) 73
Sharps container 74
Evacuated collection tubes 75
Blood specimens in phlebotomy 76
Anticoagulants 77
Color coded tube 78
Order of draw 80
Dermal puncture 81
Understanding capillary blood 82
Lancet 85
Bleeding time test (bt) 87
Comparison of capillary vs venous blood collection sample 87
Dermal puncture order of draw 88
Centrifuge 89
CHAPTER 4 Competency checklist 4.1: Gloves removal……………………………………………………………………………………………………98
Competency checklist 4.2: Bleeding time competency…………………………………………………………………………………. 99
Competency checklist 4.3: Glucose testing competency………………………………………………………………………………101
Competency checklist 4.4: Capillary tube blood collection procedure………………………………………………………..…103
Competency checklist 4.5: Blood smear…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 105
Competency checklist 4.6: E
CHAPTER 1
Introduction to phlebotomy 8
Training 9
Professionalism 9
Licenses & certifications 9
Areas of employment 10
Laboratory departments 10
Occupational safety and health administration (OSHA) 11
What types of hazards do workers face? 11
Healthcare safety hazards 11
Tips to prevent needlesticks injury 11
Tips to prevent back injuries and strains 12
Sharps container 12
What is the needlestick safety and prevention act? 13
How does the "needlestick act" apply to osha's bloodborne pathogens standard? 13
Implement safer medical devices 13
Procedure to follow post – exposure to blood 13
Latex 14
What is contact dermatitis? 14
What is latex allergy? 14
Recommended powder-free gloves 14
Preventing latex reactions 15
Infection control 16
Chain of infection 16
Modes of transmission 16
Direct 16
Indirect 17
Identifying potentially infectious patients 17
Contact precautions 17
Droplet precautions 18
Airborne precautions 18
Breaking the chain of infection 19
Hand hygiene 19
Products used for hand hygiene 21
Handrubs 21
Handwashing 21
Fingernails and artificial nails 21
Personal protective equipment (ppe) 23
Types & functions of ppe 23
Selecting ppe 23
Gloves 23
Alcohol based rubs 24
Instruction on gloves 24
These are the most important do’s and don'ts of glove use. 24
Gowns or aprons 25
Ppe for face 25
Ppe donning order 25
Using ppe 26
Removing ppe 26
Ppe donning & removing 27
Standard precautions 27
What are bloodborne pathogens? 28
What can be done to control exposure of bloodborne pathogens? 28
Post exposure to bloodborne pathogens 28
Bloodborne pathogen standard 28
Blood borne pathogen spill guidelines: preparing bleach solution 30
Bleach disinfecting solution 30
Clean-up procedure using bleach solution 30
Consent 30
CHAPTER 2
Vascular system 37
Anatomy and physiology 37
Properties of blood 37
Functions of blood 37
Red blood cell (rbc) 39
Normal value 40
Normal shape 40
Normal size 40
Lifespan of red blood cells 40
White blood cells (wbcs) 41
Morphology of white blood cells 41
Normal white blood cell count 42
Platelets 42
Hemostasis 42
Stage 1: vasoconstriction 43
Stage 2: platelet plug formation 43
Stage 3: coagulation of blood 43
Anticoagulants 44
1.Heparin 44
2.Coumadin (warfarin) 44
3.Citrates 44
Blood plasma 45
Blood serum 46
Antibody & antigen 47
Blood groups 47
Blood vessels 50
Arterial system 51
Vasodilation: 52
Vasoconstriction: 52
Venous system 52
Capillaries 53
Veins for phlebotomy 56
Integumentary system 57
Innermost layer: hypodermis/subcutaneous tissue 57
Middle layer: dermis 58
Outermost layer: epidermis 59
Planes & directional terminologies 59
Body planes 59
Directional terms 59
CHAPTER 3
Phlebotomy equipment & supplies 645
Gloves 66
Tourniquet 66
Alcohol pads 67
Gauze 68
Bandage 68
Multisample needles 69
Evacuated tube system (ets) 73
Sharps container 74
Evacuated collection tubes 75
Blood specimens in phlebotomy 76
Anticoagulants 77
Color coded tube 78
Order of draw 80
Dermal puncture 81
Understanding capillary blood 82
Lancet 85
Bleeding time test (bt) 87
Comparison of capillary vs venous blood collection sample 87
Dermal puncture order of draw 88
Centrifuge 89
CHAPTER 4 Competency checklist 4.1: Gloves removal……………………………………………………………………………………………………98
Competency checklist 4.2: Bleeding time competency…………………………………………………………………………………. 99
Competency checklist 4.3: Glucose testing competency………………………………………………………………………………101
Competency checklist 4.4: Capillary tube blood collection procedure………………………………………………………..…103
Competency checklist 4.5: Blood smear…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 105
Competency checklist 4.6: E
CHAPTER 1
Introduction to phlebotomy 8
Training 9
Professionalism 9
Licenses & certifications 9
Areas of employment 10
Laboratory departments 10
Occupational safety and health administration (OSHA) 11
What types of hazards do workers face? 11
Healthcare safety hazards 11
Tips to prevent needlesticks injury 11
Tips to prevent back injuries and strains 12
Sharps container 12
What is the needlestick safety and prevention act? 13
How does the "needlestick act" apply to osha's bloodborne pathogens standard? 13
Implement safer medical devices 13
Procedure to follow post – exposure to blood 13
Latex 14
What is contact dermatitis? 14
What is latex allergy? 14
Recommended powder-free gloves 14
Preventing latex reactions 15
Infection control 16
Chain of infection 16
Modes of transmission 16
Direct 16
Indirect 17
Identifying potentially infectious patients 17
Contact precautions 17
Droplet precautions 18
Airborne precautions 18
Breaking the chain of infection 19
Hand hygiene 19
Products used for hand hygiene 21
Handrubs 21
Handwashing 21
Fingernails and artificial nails 21
Personal protective equipment (ppe) 23
Types & functions of ppe 23
Selecting ppe 23
Gloves 23
Alcohol based rubs 24
Instruction on gloves 24
These are the most important do’s and don'ts of glove use. 24
Gowns or aprons 25
Ppe for face 25
Ppe donning order 25
Using ppe 26
Removing ppe 26
Ppe donning & removing 27
Standard precautions 27
What are bloodborne pathogens? 28
What can be done to control exposure of bloodborne pathogens? 28
Post exposure to bloodborne pathogens 28
Bloodborne pathogen standard 28
Blood borne pathogen spill guidelines: preparing bleach solution 30
Bleach disinfecting solution 30
Clean-up procedure using bleach solution 30
Consent 30
CHAPTER 2
Vascular system 37
Anatomy and physiology 37
Properties of blood 37
Functions of blood 37
Red blood cell (rbc) 39
Normal value 40
Normal shape 40
Normal size 40
Lifespan of red blood cells 40
White blood cells (wbcs) 41
Morphology of white blood cells 41
Normal white blood cell count 42
Platelets 42
Hemostasis 42
Stage 1: vasoconstriction 43
Stage 2: platelet plug formation 43
Stage 3: coagulation of blood 43
Anticoagulants 44
1.Heparin 44
2.Coumadin (warfarin) 44
3.Citrates 44
Blood plasma 45
Blood serum 46
Antibody & antigen 47
Blood groups 47
Blood vessels 50
Arterial system 51
Vasodilation: 52
Vasoconstriction: 52
Venous system 52
Capillaries 53
Veins for phlebotomy 56
Integumentary system 57
Innermost layer: hypodermis/subcutaneous tissue 57
Middle layer: dermis 58
Outermost layer: epidermis 59
Planes & directional terminologies 59
Body planes 59
Directional terms 59
CHAPTER 3
Phlebotomy equipment & supplies 645
Gloves 66
Tourniquet 66
Alcohol pads 67
Gauze 68
Bandage 68
Multisample needles 69
Evacuated tube system (ets) 73
Sharps container 74
Evacuated collection tubes 75
Blood specimens in phlebotomy 76
Anticoagulants 77
Color coded tube 78
Order of draw 80
Dermal puncture 81
Understanding capillary blood 82
Lancet 85
Bleeding time test (bt) 87
Comparison of capillary vs venous blood collection sample 87
Dermal puncture order of draw 88
Centrifuge 89
CHAPTER 4 Competency checklist 4.1: Gloves removal……………………………………………………………………………………………………98
Competency checklist 4.2: Bleeding time competency…………………………………………………………………………………. 99
Competency checklist 4.3: Glucose testing competency………………………………………………………………………………101
Competency checklist 4.4: Capillary tube blood collection procedure………………………………………………………..…103
Competency checklist 4.5: Blood smear…………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 105
Competency checklist 4.6: E