CHUONG 3 : CONG SUAT BAN DAN Dé cutsng hoc tap 3.1 Gii thigu : 3.2 Céc bin din ni lung eule cOng sust (BIT = bipolar junction transistor) 3.2.1 Dac tinh von-ampe BJT 3.2.2 The hiéu dich cia bong bén din 3.2.3 Tén hao c6ng sua(t tong BIT 3.24 Kidm tra mOt bong bén din 3.2.5 Bao vé bOng bin din lu@ng eve 3.2.6 Cée dai cong suit ban din 3.2.7 Ving lam vige an toan ( SOA = safe operating Area) 3.2.8 Sif dn thing tha cip 3.2.9 Két ni quen thude 3.2.10 Mie n6i tip va song song cdc bong ban din 3.3 Cong sud bain din oxit kim logi pham vi ting dung ede béng bin din ( MOSFETS) 3.3.1 Bac tinh dign ap ~ dong dign cia MOSFET 3.3.2 Dic tinh truyén tai ctia MOSFET 3.3.3 Dic tinh cla MOSFET If wang 3.34 Mot MOSFET ny mot chuyén mach 3.3.5 Tén hao trong MOSFET 3.3.6 Diot so cap ciia mot MOSFET c6ng svat 3.3.7 Bao vé MOSFET ( metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor ) 3.3.8 Ving lam vige an toan ( SOA) 3.3.9 Cac MOSFET mic n6i ti€p va song song, 3.4 Cach dign cGng bin din lvOng eve ( IGBTs) 3.4.1 Cac nguyén tic lam vige 3.4.2 Dic tinh dign 4p dong dign cia IGBTs 3.4.3 Die tinh cha IGBT If tung. 3.44 Tén hao trong [GBT 3.5 Céc ban din m6t m@i néi ( UIT = Unijunction transistor ) 3.5.1 Thé higu dich cia UT 'm tra mot UT Dang mach UIT dé kich thyristor 3.6 Bai tap thio luan 3.7 Cac cOng thite 38,Trong tam hoe tap ‘MO td dc tinh va hoat dong cia ban din hai eye Ligt ké céc tén hao cOng sudt trong BJT ‘Mo td thé no fa kiém tra BITS ‘Mo td am thé mo bio vé mot BITS Ligt ké Cac nguyén tic danh gia BITS Giai thfch fam thé nao m4c BJTs néi tip va song a€ nding cao higu suat cia ching MB ta céc dac tinh va hoat dong cia ban din oxit kim loai tring téc dung bong bin din Ligt ké cdc tén hao cOng sud trong mot MOSFET ‘MO ti Iam thé nao dé bao vé MOSFET Gidi thich thé nao B mic n6i tip va song MOSFETs dé tang higu sudt etia ching Mo td cfc dde tinh va hoat dong cila c6ng cach dign bong bin din lung cue GBT) Ligt ke esc tn hao cOng suft trong IGBT Soe 8 See eee * * 341 Gidi thigu C&e béng bin din e6 dii dign dp va dong dign cao duge hiéu 1d cée bong bin din ‘cong suit. Mét bong ban dn ki m6t dung cu ba Iép bin din PNP hay NPN véi hai ch ndi, Céc bong bin din 6 hai loai co bin :Khuyée dai va chuyén mach . Trong, cde dign tt cong suff chi yéu 8 higu qa diéu khién cOngsust, voi esc bOng bin din 18 hogt dong én dinh nh mot chuyén mach. Ching chi y€u duge ding trong mach bam va céc ting dung bién 46i dign ( inverter). Cée diot Id ede chuy€n mach khong c6 kha ming diéu khién chi c6 hai diu eye. Ching chi dp ting 48 chuy€n mach dign 4p qua ching. Céc béng bin dn hon thé nifa c6 ba du cue. Hai dau eye lam vige nh céc eOng tie chuyén mach, trong lic dau eye thit ba ditge ding dé van chuyén mach d6ng va md. Nht vay mach diéu khién e6 thé doc lip véi mach dign duge dieu khién Hai logi bin dn céng suit duigc ding rng rai trong cic mach dign ti céng suit Béng bin din hai cc (BIT) vachét ban din 6 xit kim logi trating tic dung béng ban din (MOSFET). MOSFET va BIT cng suat vin cdn phat trién La dung ey duige chon trong cdc ting dung dign tit cOng suit ‘Téc 46 chuyén mach cia mot BIT nhiéu thdi gian tré hon mot MOSFET cing kfch c& va higu sudt, Mot BUT la mot dung cu diéu khién mach dién , va yéu céu mot dong dign co bin lén dé gitt dung cu trong trang thai md. Thém vao d6, dé dat duse vige d6ng nhanb, yéu edu mot dong dién can bin ngude cao hon. Nhitng han ché nay ella MOSFET lim 0 6 thiét ké mach dién hoan thién hon va vi vay mic hon. Mat khéc, cdc MOSFET cOng sudt 1a céc dung cu diéu khién dién dp. Ching dude va chudng 39)hon vi BIT wong ee tng dung tin s6 cao noi chuyén mach t6n hao cOng suit chuyén mach Ia quan wong. Tuy ahién, dign 4p trang théi mé roi wen MOSFET cong sui 1a cao hin eda mt BIT cing Kich eB va céng suit, Vi vay, trong ede dng dyng dign 4p cao noi t6n hao trang théi mé 1a t6i thiéu, mot BIT duige va chudng noi tiéu phi thu hign lam nghéo tin s6 cao Sang kign cng cach dign béng ban din hai cue (IGBT) da phan nado khde phyc cfc han ché ciia céc BJTs va MOSFETs . Cac IGBTs cung cp kha nang dign 4p cao, tn hao trang théi md thi’p, mach dign dan gin, te a chuyén mach bank. IGBTs vi vy trd thanh chon Iya IY «wing cho ede tng dung dign ép cao, tn that din dign pha tha. 3.2 Céc ban din cong suait hai ct Cac bin din cOng suat c6 kh ning trong cé hai logi NPN va PNP. Tuy nhién ching, ta sé tp trung vio dung cu PNP. Cu tric va kf higu cia mot bin din (NPN) trinh bay trong hinh 3.1, Logi ban din nay duge goi Ia ban din hai dé eye BIT. BIT thuding thufng dugc quy vao nhit mot bn dain.