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    IS1891(Part-1) (4)_Conveyor & Elevator Texile Belting-Specification

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    IS1891 (Part 1)

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    71 views21 pages

    IS1891 (Part-1) (4) - Conveyor & Elevator Texile Belting-Specification

    Uploaded by

    satj2000
    IS1891 (Part 1)

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    18 1891( Part 1): 1994 aredtay are data att Rearte & fa aearfa ged wart — faferfee amt 1 erana sate & fag ved aatat ( ator garter ) Indian Standard CONVEYOR AND ELEVATOR TEXTILE BELTING—SPECIFICATION PART 1 GENERAL PURPOSE BELTING { Fourth Revision } UDC 621-867-2052 : 620-193-5 © BIS 1994 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG. NEW DELHI 110002 February 1994 Price Group 8 © @ Pulleys and Belts Sectional Committee, LM 09 FOREWORD ‘This Indian Standard { Fourth Revision ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Pulleys and Belts Sectional Committee had been approved by the Light Mechanica) Engineering Division Council, ‘This standard was first published in 1961 and subsequently revised in 1968, 1978 and 1988. ‘This present revision of the standard has been taken up to bring it ia Tine with the prevailing manufactur. ing practices. In this, revised standard the test om rubber cover for determining abrasion loss hag been included to have idea about wear behaviour of belting in service. Amendments issued to the earlier ‘version have also been incorporated, ‘The satisfactory service of belts depends upon proper, conditions of se. For information of users, certain recommendations on sclection of suitable grades of rubber cover, recommended maximum work: ing tension in belt and recommeneded minimum pulley diameters and information to be supplied by the purchaser with enquiry or order, arc given in Annex A, Annex J and Annex K respectively. In preparation of this standard, considerable assistance has been derived from the following: 80 251-1987 Conveyor belis—Withs and lenge aterational Organization for Standard. tion (180 ) 180 252-1988 Conveyor belts Ply adhesion between constitutive elements—Test method and requirements. Taternational Organization for Standardization (180 ) 180 282-1975 Conveyor belts—Sampling. Internationa! Organization for Standardization ( 180 ) 150 282-1990 Full thickness tensile strength and elongation of conveyor belts—Specifications and method of test, International Organization for Standardization ( 180 ) 150 432-1989 Ply type conveyor belts— Characteristics of construction. International Organiza- tion for Standardization (180 ) 180 703-1988 Conveyor belts—Troughability — Characteristics of transverse flexibility and test method. International Organization For Standardization (1SO ) 180 3684-1990 Conveyor belts—Determination of minimam pulley diameter. International Organization for Standardization (10 ) BS 490 ( Part 1) ; 1990 Conveyor and elevator belting—Specification for rubber and plastic Conveyor belting of textile consituction for general use. British Standards Institution ( BST ) ‘This standard has been published in various parts. Other parts are: ‘Part 2 Conveyor and elevator textile belting—Specification : Part 2 Heat resistant belting ( third resision ) Part 3 Conveyor and elevator textile belting : Part 3 Oil resistant belting ( second revision ) Part 4 Rubber conveyor and elevator textile belting : Part 4 Hygienic belting (first revision ) Part 5 Conveyor and elevator textile belting—Specification : Part 5 Fire resistant belting ‘The requitements for conveyor belting for underground use in cotl-mines have been covered in, 1S 3181: 1952 “Conveyor belts-Fire resistant coaveyor belting for underground mines and such other hazardous applications—Specification ( second revision )'. For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the finial eee eames or catculaiedy expresing the result ofa test or analysis, shall be rounded off im accor- MARS: Sith 8 2 1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised). ‘The number of significant pisces relained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard. 15 1891 ( Part 1): 1994 Indian Standard CONVEYOR AND ELEVATOR TEXTILE BELTING — SPECIFICATION PART 1 GENERAL PURPOSE BELTING { Fourth Revision } 1 SCOPE ‘This standard ( Part 1 ) covers the requirements of rubber/plasttes conveyor and elevator textile Delting for general use on lat or roughed idlers. NOTE — Rubber Seltiog made 10 this Indion Stand- fr wil pot neces else at'an mswlaror for any electrical work 2 REFERENCES The foilowing Indian Standards are necessary adjuncts to this standard: IS No. Title 3400 Methods of test for vulcani- zed rubbers (Batt 1): 1987 Tensile stress strain. proper- ties ( second revision ) (Part3): 1987 Abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drum device (frst revision ) (Part 4) 1987 Accelerated ageing ( second revision ) (Part 9) : 1978 Density (first revision) 4240 : 1984 Glossasy of conveyor terms ‘and definitions ( frat revision) 5996 : 1984 Cotton belting ducks (second revision ) 3 TERMINOLOGY For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in IS 4240 : 1984 shall apply. 4 TYPES AND GRADES According to types of belts given in Table 4 and grades of covers given in Table 1. 5 CONSTRUCTION 5A The belting shall consist of a carcass having 4 cover of either rubber aud/or plastics. The carcass shall consist of either one ar more plies co of woven fabric or of solid woven fabric and shall be impregnated with a rubber o* plastic mix. ‘The whole shall be either vulcanized or fused together in @ uniform manner. ‘NorEs 4, Sold Hoven Fabric — Fabric conivtng of more than one ply, the pics being interlocked inne weave oy nd open by bioding treed in the cures of weaving 2. In case of cotion eareass, ducks of types 28, 52 and 36. (see 18,5996: 1584)" ay be. flctioned’ or Ficitoned ard skim coated if so apeeified by the pur ‘iccer. Ducks of iypet 3H, M, #and 48 shall be frictioned and skim coated 5.2 For carcasses protection, layer or layers of open-mesh or cord fabric ( termed as breaker ) may be placed between the cover and the car cass or may be embedded in the cover, Whero such @ layer is incorporated, it shail be consider ed to be part of the cover thickness und not counted asa fabric ply. Alternatively, a fabric pile may be integrally woven with the carcass on either one or both the surfaces, in which case it shall be considered to be a part of the carcass thickness, 6 FABRIC ‘The fabric used shall_be made of cotton ot polyamide or any other synthetic material or combination thereof evenly and firmly woven and free from manufacturing faults as is normal in the best manufacturing practice. 7 COVER 7A The rubber used in the top and bottom cover of the belting shall be of one of the grades listed in Table 1. The grade of cover shold be chosen having regard (0 the ‘service conditions of the conveyor belt (see Annex A) when removed from the, belt and tested as per the method described in Annex B, the tensile sitength and elongation at break shall not be Jess than the values specified in Table I, NOTE — In case plastics oe nubberilastcs ix ie Used forthe cover the. value of tensile stengih and sfongation st break. shatt be as agreed boven the ‘munufetirer and the porches 7.2 Where, however, the thickness of the rubber cover as measured By the method contained in Annex C is less than 1-5 mm but not less tha 2 4 18 1891 ( Part 1): 1994 08 mm, the thickness of the test picce shall be the maximum obtainable and a tolerance of “15 percent shall be permitted on the tensile strength and clongation values at break speciied in Table t, Where the tubber cover is lasuffici- ently. thick to give a buffed test piece at least O°8 mom, no tests are required, 7.3 1n case of rubber cover after ageing for Tah at WC + VC in accordance with the requirements of 18 3400 (Part 4): 1987, the tensile strength and elongation at break shall aot vary from the original unaged values by more ‘than the amounts specified below: Change Percent, Max ‘Tensile strength + 10 2 Blongation +10 —25 74 Ta case of rubber cover, abrasion loss when tested as per method given in Annex D. [see also IS 2400 (Part 3): 1987} shall not exceed the respective maximum vahies indicated in Table 1. Table 1 Grades of Rubber Cover and Their Physical Properties (Clauses 4, 7.1 and 7.4) Grade Minimum Maximo ‘T “Abrasion Strenginh at Break ‘Lose MPa {Peseeat) nm Moe 20 450 150 NAT a0 400 200 NAT 170 400 150 (Synthetic) NOTE — Grade NIT synthetic 3p a cover_ compound Composed wholly are mainly of symihete rubber of Sguivelent wear tesstance to grade M24 and suitable Far the most arduous conditions. A carcass type that thee a chemical or other superior bondiag system should) iherebore, be used with this grade, 8 COVER THICKNESS 8.1 ‘The cover shall be of not less than 1-0 mm nominal thickness on both the careying or noo- carrying faces of the belting. Cover thickness should be increased as required fo that appro- priate to the material to be handicd ( see Annex K’) and to the type of loading. When measured jn accordance with the Method Cl or C2 des- etibed in Annex C, the average value of the ‘cover thickness shall not fall below the specified thickness by more than the values given in Table 2. ‘Table 2 Tolerance on Cover Thickness ( Clauses 8.1 and B-2.2 ) ‘Specitied Cover Tolerance ‘Tolckness (On Averaue Thickness ) Up to and including 4 mm OZ mm Over émm 5 percent NOTES A. Tn ihe.case of straight stepped ply construction, the specified cover ‘hiekness will apply atthe Cdl (of the belt in the area of tee maximum cover thick hese within the confines of the innermost seeps an ‘halt be sa measured, 2 In the case of reverse stepped ply construction, the specifi cover thickness il apply at the middle ffthe hele ig tho eren of the maeium number of plies and shall be sa measured. 8.2. The carcass thickness, when specified by the purchaser, is determined by subtracting the sum of the top and bottom cover thickness, from the total belt thickness, as measured ig accordance with Method C-1 ot C-2 described in Annex C. The average carcass thickness, so determained, shall be within 2. 0-5 mm for up to and including 5mm and within 10 percent for over 5 mm specified thickness. 9 REPAIRS Rectification of defects and blemishes, if any, which do not interfere with the satisfactory performance of the belts shall be allowed. The Surface blemishes which do not interfere with the performance of the belt may be left un= attended. 10 EDGES ‘The belting shall be with either cut edge or moulded edge construction with synthetic care fess a5 agreed between the manufacturer and tho purchaser. However, belts made with cotton ‘ot cotton/polyamide carcass shall have moulded edge construction: 11 TRANSVERSE JOINTS IN MULTIPLY TYPE BELTING ‘Transverse joints in fabric plies shall be at_an angle of 45% to 70” to the longitudinal axis. The minimum distance between transverse joints in the same ply shall be as follows: 48) Outer Plies — The joints shall be not less han 75 m apart in the same ply. The adjoining edges shall butt closely toge- ther but shall not overlap. 'b) Inmer Plies — There shall be not more than two joiats ia any one ply, in each 150m of belting. These two joints shall be not less than 15 m apart, ©) Adjacent Plies — The joints shall be not Tess than 3-m apart. 4) Non-adjacent Plies — The joints shall be ‘not less than 3m apart. , i hi 12 LONGITUDINAL JOINTS IN MULTIPLY TYPE BELTING 12.1 Spacing of Joints Longitudinal joints shall be at_teast 100 mam from cither edge of the carcass. Each longitudi- nal joint sball be at least 100 mm from the joints in the other plies. The longitudinal joints in one ply of any piece of belting shall be sepa- rated by at feast 300 mm, where the width of the belting permits two Or more joints in the same ply. 12.2 Number of Joints ‘The maximum number of longitudinal joints in the plies shall be as follows end the external ply on che non-carrying face shall have no longitu- Sinal joints in the case of belting up toand including { 200 mm width: Width of Betts External Internal mm Plies Plies “Open Folded Open Folded Edges Edges Edges Edges 300, 400, 450,500, 0 1 1 4 G0, 650 750, 800, 900, o 2 1 2 1.600, 1.05029; 1 200 1390Y,1400,1500 0 92 2 2 1600,1800,2000 1 2 2 2 13 DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES 13.1 Length IBAA The length of belting shall be specified by the purchaser and shall include such lengths as are required by him for testing and such. addi tional lengths as required for making joints, 13.1.2 Belting which is ordered to a definite ‘epen-ended shall be supplied with a tolerance on length of +2 percent and —0-5 percent. 131.3 The length of belt supplied in the spliced ‘ndless form shall be specified by the term ‘net ‘endless length’. When measured in accordance ‘with the method described in Annex E, the net endless length shall not vary by more than -t0°S percent from the specified length. 13.1.4 The length actually supplied subject to the specified toterances shall be charged by the supplier. 13.2 With Unless otherwise agreed, the belting shall be of any one of the widths specified in Table 3. The tolerance on widths shall be as given in Table 3. These widths should be used for replacement belting in existing tatallations 1S 1891 ( Part 1): 1994 ‘Table 3 Widths and Tolerances om Widths for Conveyor and Elevator Textile Belting ( Clause 13.2) Atl dimensions in millimetres. wie Telermce Total Yanna ‘Any One Belt w @ ° $00 aw } 2s 5 500 J a) @ | S80 1000. | 1200 | 4 a percent of 1 poteent of He} ‘elt width Belt width 1500 100 1800 | 2t00 NOTE — The tolerance for widths other than stand: are width siall be that applicable 10 the Insmediate Tver standard width, 13.3 Tolerance on Belt Thickness Across the wiath ‘When measured in accordance with Method C-t described in Annex C, the difference between any {wo measurements of the overall thickness shall not exceed 1 mm for a belt of which the rmean of the thickness measurements made does not exceed 10 mm, or 10 percent of the mean for belts over 10 mm thickness. 14 FULL THICKNESS BREAKING STRENGTH AND ELONGATION 14.1 Yall Thickness Breaking Strength ‘The full thickness breaking strength of the finished belting, when determined in accordance with the method described in Annex F, shall be not less than the values given in Table 4. ‘Table 4 Full Thickness Breaking Strength (Clauses 4 and 14.1 ) Dee Tougitudlost Transverse Dieeetion tNim Direction EN Wisih Cain) Wheth tatis} ‘ ° ‘do ‘3 i30 a 20 o Ba 0 sD rr x0 ied ais 125 8 itp pr Noe see ot specie ‘so Not apeciteg Not specie eo Rot apecineg Fi Not species 1 tee Rov specie 1% Not specie) 140 Net Spee 10 Norges 100 Not specif LIN values have been specified because thee Ispe of belt Used with splice joints. a > 3 ] \* 1S 1891 ( Past 1): 1994 14.2 Elongation ( Full Thickness ) 14.2.1 Elongation at Reference Load For this requirement, reference load is defined as being one teath of the specified full thickness breaking strength of the belt in the longitadinal direction (see 14.1 }. NOTES 1. This definition does not necessarily imply thar & JootT factor should bo Indesign ealealions. The Jatugs of tie Jaetor wil var} depending op the condi~ ons governing @ puriieular inst Conveber grad ent, position of rive, type of rake~ ip, Starting and stopaing conditions which eect he Bele, metizod of jo ning the belt ef 2. Tho clongation the reference Toad is mtended da denatcol test only. It mcludes, some permanent ahd Sovwe clastic stycteh. and, therfore, ‘cannot BS Mele exiclly to stretch cherkcteristies I se1Vk 142,14 The elongation of the finished belting in the longitudinal direction at the reference Toad, when tested by the method described in ‘Annex F, shall not be greater than 4 percent. 44.2.2 Elongation at Breaking Load ‘The elongation of the finished belting in the Tongitudinal direction at the load corresponding to the maxisauma breaking strength, when tested, bby the method described in. Annex F, shall be rot less thaa 10 percent. 15 ADHESION ‘The adhesion between cover and the carcass and between the adjacent plies shall be such that when tested ih the manner described in Annex G, the force required to cause separation shall bbe as given in Table 5. ‘Table $ Forco for Adhesion Testing aie Force Min aR WD we For t00 For tod Deane Cae Sake Sprite fe oo o o papeionwtneca 300 10 ‘adjacent plies i) Adhesion’ “betncen SVEovers upto and No teat No test No test ‘peluaie 100 mm thick by eoversever 600-2200 F1S SS fom up t,a08 {eluding F'S0:mm thick ed Covers zoo 40850 150mm NOTE —No individual yalue obtained at the Gime of Reqeurgmeste shail be Bolo ahe valu specie’ by ‘nore thas: 80 Nm, pecitd by 16 TROUGHABILITY 16.1 [agreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer, the conveyor belting shall be tested for troughability. This will be a type test aly. 16.2 The troughability, when determined in aceordance with the method described in Annex F, sliall be as given in Table 6. ‘Table 6 Minimum Troughabitity Value om for axarpto oR, = een NOTH—For intermediate troughing angle, the specified troughabsliy shall be calculated by linear ipfespolation Between tno relevant alacent values. 47 DESIGNATION Belting complying with the requirements of this standard shall be designated by IS No., grade of the cover (see Table 1), the type of belting defined by the full thickness breaking strength (see Table 4) and number of plies. Example: ‘A conveyor belt with cover grade M24 and {ype 200 having 4 plies shall be designared ae Conveyer Belt 18 1891 (Part 1) M.24—200/4 18 MARKING 184 ‘The belting shall be marked at intervals of maximum 12 m on the carrying surface as follows: 2) Mannfacturer’s name and trade-mark, if anys ') Fabrie designation, that is, BB_( cotton- cotton ), NN ( nylonfayton }, EP ( poly- ester polyamide ), ete; ) Belt designation; 4) Character identifying the grades of rubber andgjor plastic cover used; ¢) Last wo figures of the year of manufac ‘rare; and £) Number of this standard. 18.2 Certification Marking Details available with the Bureau of Iodian Standards. 182.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules end Regulations made thereunder. The details of conditions under which the icence for the use of Standard Mark my be granted to manufacturers or producers may be ebiained from the Bureau of Indian Standard; 19 PACKING The belting shall be suitably packed as mutually agreed to between the purchaser and the supplier. 20 SAMPLING AND TESTING 20.1 The number of samples to be tested for compliance with the requirements of this apeci- fication shall be in accordance with Table 7. Each sample shall be full belt width and not less than 600 mm long. TS 1891 ( Part 1) : 1996 Table 7 Sampling Plan for Conveyor Belting 20.2. Re-tests and Rejections “ Should aay sample fail to comply with the specified test requicements, iwo additional sam- ples shall be drawn and’ tested according to. Specified procedure. In the event. of either of these two samples failing to comply with the test requirements, the supply shall be rejected. If both the samples pass the test, the supply shall be accepted, ANNEX A ( Foreword, Clauses 7.1 and 8.1) RECOMMENDATIONS ON SELECTION OF SUITABLE GRADE OF RUBBER COVER FOR CONVEYOR AND. si Service Minimum No. Cover Grade a) @ @) i) Sharp and abrasive materials M.24, causing service wear, such as N-17 metallic ores, limestone, Synthetic granite, quartz ‘blast furnace clinker’ and slag, sandstone, stone! chippings, slate, coke, broken glass, and gravel ii) Moderately abrasive materiats — N-I7 tuchas rubble, sand, (sharp). superphosphate (lump and Powder ), bone, coal, ashes, unslaked’ lime cement (une ground). ‘and small coal Cunder 100 mm ) iii) Slightly abrasive materials, Ne17 non-abrasive and dry mate: tials, such as soda, earth, sand (smooth ), cement ( ground ) slay. slaked lime, “charcoal, grain flour dry powders Cinert ), wood chips, and pulp (ary) ELEVATOR BELTING Minimum Cover Thickness Es Soaveyor Baking Fieve ieliog” Gayiny rune “ems —Aeting, Sie age ga alls ay oe) (6) om Sts SO 2 Ss 10 10 10 10 2 $5 1891 ( Part 1): 1994 ANNEX B ( Clause7.1) METHOD OF DETERMINING THE TENSILE STRENGTH AND THE ELONGATION ‘AT BREAK OF THE RUBBER COVER BA PRINCIPLE ‘The method of test to be adopted shall be that described for dumb-bell test piece Type | in IS 3400 ( Part 11) 1987. B-2 PROCEDURE B-2.1 The test pieces shall be prepared and conditioned as described in 18 3400 ( Part 1 ) : Y887 and the test carried out at a temperature of 27 £2 °C. B-2.2 Where the thickness of the rubber cover ig less than 15mm but not less than 0.8 mm, the thickness of the test pieces shall be the ‘maximum obtainable. B-2.3 Test shall not be curried out where the rubber cover is insufficiently thick to give a ‘puffed test piece of at least 0-8 mm thickness. Any open mesh of cord fabric reinforcement shall be removed from the cover. ANNEX C ( Clauses 7.2, 8. 1, 8.2 and 13.3 ) METHOD OF MEASURING THE THICKNESS OF COVER AND BELT C-l MICROMETER GAUGE METHOD CAA Preparation of the Sample ‘Toke a 50 mm sample section of the belting, cut actoss the full width of the belting, both edges Sf the sample being cut at right angles to the Surface and edge of the belting. C12 Procedure 2.1 Mark but do not cut, the sample into fine parts by eight lines extending across the cut edges as shown in Fig. 1 C-1.2.2 Measure the overall thickness of the belt hon the each edge at the points marked using a micrometer gauge graduaied to 0.01 mm taking eight measurements in ail, C-1.2.3 Completely remove one cover, including ‘breaker plics, if incorporated, then measure the thickness fy st the same points. 1.2.4 Completely remove the other cover, then measure the thickness fy at the same points. C13 Caleatation Take the average values of fy hy and fg, Then: ‘Thickness of belt =h ‘Thickness of one cover ahh Thickness of other cover hah 2 OPTICAL METHOD ( FOR THICKNESS OF COVER AND CARCASS THICKNESS: C24. Apparatus ‘The measvring instrument shall consist of an optical magnifier incorporating a scate graduated in divisions of 0-1 mm. C22 Procedure On the surface of a sample of belting, mark a line as shown in Fig. 2A. The line shall not Intersect any embossed markings. Cut across this line perpendicularly to the surface. Along the line, mark points as shown in Fig. 2B; the distance be:ween marks shell be equal. Measure the thickness of each cover at the fab ric Knuckles (see Fig. 2B) nearest to each of the eight points. For each cover, calculate the mean of the eight results. 25 mm ole EDGE OF BELTING, 1S 1891 ( Part 1) : 1996 Fic. 2B Postrion or Measurement of Cover Turckness at Kxuckir Nearest ro MARK ANNEX D ( Clause 7.4) METHOD OF DETERMINING THE ABRASION LOSS OF RUBBER COVER D.1 GENERAL D-1.1 The determination of volume loss through abrasive action of emery paper of a given abra- sive grade, as carried out according 10 this method, is suitable for comparative tests and for testing the uniformity of specified products; however, the test results give only limited indie cation of the wear behaviour of rubbers in D.2 DEFINITIONS D2. Abrasion Loss It is the volume loss ( ¥) in cubic millimetre of a rubber text piece when subjected to the abra- sive action of an emery-cloth of a specified abrasive grade at a specified contact pressure and over a given distance according to ihe conditions of this standard. 1-22 Abrasion Grade Abrasion Grade of the emery-cloth is the mass loss (m) in mg of a test piece of a standard comparison rubber if abraded by the emery- cloth according to the conditions of this stand= ard D3 PRINCIPLE D-3.1 A cylindrical standardized test picce is passed over an emery-cloth ( corundum graining, 60) at a constant load of 10 Nand at a cons tant specd of 0-32 m/s for 40 m (in special cases 20 m). Admissible abrasive grades fall in the region of 170 to 220 mg, The loss in weight Cin mg ) of the test piece is accurately deter- mined to the nearest mg and the yolame loss is, calculated by using the density which is deter= mined according to 1S 3400 ( Part 9): 1978. The volume loss is related toa defined abrasive grade of 200 me. D-4 TEST PIECE D-4.1 Type and Preparation ‘The test pieces shall be cylindrical in shape, 16 + 0.2mm in diameter and with a ‘minimum height of 6 mm. Test pices shall be prepared , 15 1891 (Part 1): 1994 with « hollow drill (see Fig. 3). The speed of Totation of the drill shall be about 1,000 rpm. For rubber with a hardness of Jess than 50IRHD, this may suitably be increased. NOTE Punching of the test pisces is not_permit- fea. They cea, however, be Voleanized in a mould, 1 [eit pines of the requiced unickness re not available {Rk Recestary thickness may be obtaiced by bonding Neparate eylindeieal pieces to a base clement of & Fardaess wot lest than 80 IRKD. ‘When testing finished products, containing embedded Tibnes Ceonveyor belts) the fest piece taken from Hier uct shall contain tbe fabric. Special are USuPbe taken to ensure that these iest pieces are fot rubbed down to the fabric or adhesive layer. D-42 Number of Test Pieces ‘A minimum of three test runs shall be carried Out. This will normally require three test pieces, but only one test piece may be necessary If the mass Toss is very low. In arbitration tests 10 run ‘hall be carried out. D-5 APPARATUS AND TEST MATERIALS 1.5.1 Abrasion Apparatus ‘The test apparatus (see Fig. 4 and $) consists ofa laterally movable test piece holder and @ Solatable cylinder to which the emery-cloth is fixed tight by three evenly spaced strips of double sided adhestve tape extended along the Complete length of the cylinder. The adhesive {ape shall be sbout 50 mm wide and not more than 0-2 mm thick, One of the strips sball be placed where the ends of the emery-cloth should Sheet but any gap left between them shall not exceed 2 mam. The cylinder shall have a diameter of 150-0 Z'odmm anda length of about 500mm. It shall be rotated at a frequency of 40 + | rev per min, the direction of rotation being as indicat 6 in Fig. 4 and 5. ‘The test piece holder is mounted on swivel arm which has at the other end a sledge with a spin~ le to be moved laterally 4:20 = 0-04 mm per evolution of the cylinder. NOTE — With this iateral movement the mumber of {Timea the test piece passes over any one area of the feurery cloth is our, “The test piece holder coasists of a cylindrical, opens Tea, the clamter of which. cam be. altered from 185 mm co 16 mm. and 8 device for the adjustment {9 adept of 20.4 Umm of the tn ise Bread, ingtrom the opening. "The cenwe axis of the tet pice holder. shall have. an inclination of 3° te the Berpeaticular n the direction of rotation ‘The centee of the test, piece shall be placed above The lonattudinal axe of he eylinder with an accuracy OF ium, The swivel arm andthe test plese bolder Shan be fees from vi during operation and #0 Skposed that the Test pleco is, pressed against the Cundsr with a vertical force of 100 O2N. Setting fds tert piece on the emory-cloth at the begianing. Grates ransadd it semoval afi abrasion over Glstence. of 404 D2 Mm (84 rotations), shall be Sutomnatic. In apectal eases of very high Volume toss GPs sampis an abrasion of20-£ Om (42 revolu ons) may be used. D.5.2 Emery ( Abrasive ) Cloth Emery-cloth of grain size 60, at least 400 mm. wide, 473mm Joag and about | mm average Thickness shali be used as the abrasive medium. {a the test with standard rubber (see D-5.3 ), this emery-cloth must have aa abrasive grade of 170 mg. 20.220 mg for an abrasive distance of 40m, The direction of motion shail be indicated fon each sheet as it is important that this shall Be the same for every test. The emery-clothes ‘All dimension in mailimetres, ’ Fro. 3 Recommenpep Test Pics PREPARATION DRILL » 8 1S 1891 ( Part 1): 1994 Fic. 4 ScHamatic IELusrRaTion oF THs Test ApPARATUS yo " ABRASIVE CLOTH {All dimensions in einer, Fic. 5 are produced with a much higher abrasive grade. Before using for abrasion test, the abrasive grade must be lowered to a value of less than 220mg by one oF two runs with a steel test piece, followed by careful cleaning, and two Tuns ‘with the standard comparison rubber (see D-5.3 ), With an emery-cloth of an initial Abrasive grade of 210 mg to 220 mg a few bund- red test runs are possible, ‘DRAWING OF THE TisT AppARATUS. ‘D-S.3 Standard Comparison Rubber The standard reference rubber material shall conform to the formulation given below: Ingrediens Parts by Mass 1) Natural rubber with 2 1000 Monney viscosity, ML (1d) of ES a « 100°C } i. 1S 1894 ( Part 1): 1994 Ingredient Parts by Mass 2) Accelerator Debinzothia- 12 ayle disulphide 3) Stabilizer N-isoprophy!- 10 N-phenyl-p-phenylene diamine (¥alkanox 4010 NA) 4) Zine oxide 500 3) HAF Carbon black 360 6) Sulphur Total 1907 D-S3.A Mixing and Vuleanization ‘The statements about the manufacture method serve as a guideline. The mixing is undertaken inva internal mixer ( capacity 2-8 kg), fully cooted, about 55 revimin. The mixing sequence shall be as follows: Time (mia ) Position 0 1 3 2, 3, 4 (well mixed ) 8g 5,6 30. end Give the mix to an open mill, roll diameter 150 + mm speed of the slow roll 24 J rev/ min, and gear ratio 1-4: 1. The clearance be- tween the rolls shall be 10mm. Sheet out the mix from the mill afer 5 min. Bring the mould to vulcanization temperature, Insert pieces of the mix (approximately 10% excess ) whieh have beca preheated to mia at 70°C. ‘Vuleanize in the closed press at 150 + 2°C for 30-1 mia using 2 moulding pressure of 3:5 MPa which is applied slowly. The sheets shall be stored in acoo! place and shalt be protected from the effect of Tight by Wapping with majerials which are capable of absorbing ozone ( for example, polyethylene )- For al! test purposes the minimum time between vulcanization and testing shail be 16 h, “The quality of the standard comparison rubber is examined by determining the abrasion of & test piece taken from a corner of the sheet ‘According to this standard,and then comparing, this abrasion value with the mean value of at east 3 test pieces of a ‘reference sheet” in imme~ dinte consecutive tests. The difference between hese abrasion values shall not exeeed 8 ms. NOTE —Os the same test piece 3 ruins can be NOTE cue A hallow grinding before the frst run 58 mov necessery [A stopdard comparison rubber shect is considered to bea Mreference thest", if the abrasion measured of Gaiterent places (at the corners and 2 in the fasddic) afer by now muore than 10mg and the mean Value divers oy not more than Sms. fram the, mean Vals of te ¢'singlo values of "another “reference “beet in stock D-6 PROCEDURE 1D6.1 The test is carried out at room standard temperature not earlier than 16 h after vuleani- zation. 1D-6.2 Determination of the Abrasive Grade of the Eamery-Clotl, Determine the abrasive grade of che emery-cloth ‘over a minimum of three runs (in arbitration fests 5 runs) with the standatd comparison yubber before and afier cach test series. For rubbers which have a tendency to. smeer, the mass loss of the standard rubber shall be deter~ mined before and after cach test. Use the mean value of the abrasive grade before ‘and after the test Funs in the calculation of the ‘wolume Toss D-6,3 Test Run Fix the test piece in the test piece holder so {that it protrudes from the opening to a depth Df 20 2.02 mm. This shall be controjied by 3 gauge. Move the sledge with the swivel arm and ihe test piece holder 10 the starting point and Start the run, Tf the setting of the test piece is not automatically done place'it by band on the Emery-cloth before starting. Vibration of the fest piece holder must be avoided. The cylinder is stopped automatically after an abrasion dis tance of 40m, Jf sclatively high mass losses (400 mg in 40m) occur, the cylinder can be Stopped halfway and the original depth of 2-0-4 O2'min can be adjusted so that the test can be restarted and completed. At no time the height of the test piece shall be less than 5 mum. {thease ose is higher than 600 me in BPN tet shouid only be cariad ot Tor bat he ‘Buinice {ies 2m) aad this shal be indicated in fhe teae report. Then the revs skall be utiles (Bea'Se sa the volume toss con Still be sive for an Miraston Gitance of 40m Before exch test, remove any dust left from the pre Vous abeasion jest with & brush of by a vactum ‘Uennee. Weigh eth fest piece #0.an deeuracy of bE felure ong after cach fest, Sometimes @ small edge bangiag from the test piece tas tobe p belbre “weighing. Normally only) one run Dé piece is eeeried out, but If the abrasion is PASH Several suns can be done. Tn this ease care halle taken (0 ensure tal the sample is always Placed io the sample holder in the same position and henge hikes oF te et eo nvr Jest than 3 mum. D-7 CALCULATION D1 The abrasion is related to a defined » 10 fe emery-clath abrasive gravle of 200 mg per 40 m abrasion distance and js calculated as the volume loss given in cubic millimetre aceording to the following equation: res pa where V = volume loss in cubie millimetre, m = weight loss in mg, |S = defined abrasive grade { = 200 mg ), p= density in mg/cubic millimetre, and a= mean abrasive grade of entery-cloth in mg ( see D-6.2 }. 4S 1891 ( Part 1) +1994 D.8 REPORT D-B.1 The report shall include the following particulars: a) Grade of the belting being tested; +b) Density of the test pieces; ©) Number of test pieces ( three ); 4) The average volume loss V in cubic mill metre; ©) Any deviation fcom this standard, Specialy wee of only ball 9f the abrasion distance; and £) Testing date. ANNEX E ( Clause ¥ 3.1.3) DETERMINATION OF NET LENGTH OF ENDLESS BELTING E-1 PRINCIPLE ‘The length of endless belting is determined by the summation of a number of consecutive measurements made along the internal surface of the uniensioned belting while laid out flat and the: making a correction for thickness, £2 PROCEDURE E.2 The helting shall be measured _along ihe internal surface while laid out on a fat surface free from tension by making a number of eonse- cutive measurements, reference marks being made to indicate the beginning and end of each ‘tmeasurement, Measurement shall be made to the nearest 5 mm. E-2.2 The minimum increment of measurement shall be as follows: Belting Length ‘bess than 30.21 Increment Not less than one-quarter ef the mominal length circumference More than 30m Not less than 10m £-23 The sum of the individual measurements is the pitch length, [5. 3 CALCULATION ‘The true internal circumference, termed ‘net endless length’, shall be determined by correct- ing the pitch for radius by subtracting the pro- duct of x thickness. where a hy = not endless length (true internal circum: ference ) in m, Jp, = true pitch length in m, and 1k = thickness in mm. NOTE — This formula applies to Hat belting withoi sand channels which hay produce a not-symmes tne eroeraeton at the formula a orpoct only for hemogencous tec tf ogra fs being sulfciertiy accurate fore Purpose Of Beh ing measarement ANNEX F ( Glauses 14.1, 14.2.1.1 and 14.22) DETERMINATION OF FULL THICKNESS BREAKING STRENGTH AND ELONGATION F-1 TENSILE TESTING APPARATUS Fal The accuracy of the tensile machine shall be within + 1 percent. testing F-1.2 The range of the machine shall be so chosen that the loads to be measured fall within 10 and 90 percent of the full scale deflection. a F-L3 The load shall be applied smoothly and the rate of traverse of the driven grip. shall be 100 + 10 mm per minute, ¥-L4 The method of holding the test piece shall be such as 10 ensure proper alignment of the test pieces eliminating slip or damage during » 1S 1891 (Part I testing. The use of transverse serrated grips as illustrated in Fig. 6 are permissible. For very thick belts, double compartment grips as illuse trated in Fig. 7 are permitted. ‘The grip shall be free 10 move without undue friction and i cotrect aligninent, UU \_ 20 to 30} joo 19 8 Fro. 6 Savors Compartment Gries 26 i| Fro. 7 Dovers Compartwznr Grips. F-2 TEST PIECES ‘The test pieces shall conform to the shape and dimensions of any one of the types shown in Fig. 8 and shall be cut by the use of the suitable die, the cutting angle of which shall not excced 18" ( see Fig. 9), ¥-3 PREPARATION AND CONDITIONING OF TEST PIECES F-3.1 The test pieces shall be cut not less than 3 days from the date of the manufacture of the belt and test pieces shall be conditioned for 3 days at 27 4. 2°C and 65 -+ 5 percent relative humidity, and tested at the same conditions of temperature and humidity. Conditioning may be increased to a maximum of 14 days when agreed betweea the manufacturer and the purchaser. F.3.2 No test piece shall be cut from the sample ‘with its longitudinal edge less than 25 mm. from any edge of the sample. F.3.3 The thickness of the test, piece shall be that of the belting uader test. Three test pieces cut parallel to the centre line of the bell and three test pieces cut at right angle to the length, of the belt shall be prepared. Test pieces shall be cut so as to contain no joints such as may be permitted under 11 and 12, E-34 IP the covers of the belt are very thick or of very different thicknesses, the test shall be perforined witheut cover in order to avoid slip ‘of the test piece in the grip. Cover should only be removed if this is found ‘to be necessary to ‘obtain necessary breaks. E.B5 In the event of a test piece having covers of ‘different thicknesses, the reference line as shown in Fig. § should be marked on the thinner F-4 PROCEDURE F-4,1 ‘The test piece shall be placed in the grips or jaws of the machine so that the widest part of the shoulders of the test piece are carefully positioned in line with the front edge of the Jaws and the axis of the test piece coincides with the centre line of the jaws. F.4.2 The machine shall be started and the driven jaw traversed at the specified rate until rupture of the test piece accurs, at which point the maximum load applied shall be noted. F-4.3 The results of breaks occurring outside the reference lines on the test piece shall normally be discarded, but if results of stich tests are required they shall be reported as ‘jawe ‘breaks’. #

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