Rev 02

2
- 2014
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 04
( Cs ) 137
137 . ( Ba ) 137
137
m0 = 2mg . t = 0
137
56
1 137 . 82 137
.
dN
2 + N = 0 :
dt
dN
.
( . N
dt
( N = N 0 e t ) . (1 N 0
ln 2
= . t1 / 2
3
)(1
4 t1 / 2 = 30 ans 137 . t = 0
5
A0
( t = n t1 / 2 A = n n A0 . t = 0
2
( . n = 7
: N A = 6,02 10 23 mol 1 :
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 05
Na
24
11
Na 24Z Mg + + + :
24 Na Na = 23,984929 u . t1 / 2 = 15 h
24
24
11
Mg = 23,978460 u
24
) (
m = 5, 4 10 4 u m
1 . . Z
2 . Elib = 5,52MeV
3 . E = 5,50MeV .
N 10 20
.
4 .
24 . 43
( .
(
= 't
5
( . 24
( .
N A = 6, 02 10 23 mol 1 :
( . t = 55 h
06
1
)t ( h
't
10
GUEZOURI . Lyce Maraval - Oran
N 0 131 N '0
. 137 1 137 2 .
137 t1 / 2 131 . t'1 / 2
ln N
N 10 20
46,1
2 -
0,1
) t ( ans
1 -
) t ( jours
60
535
- 1
2 t 131 137 .
t1 / 2 t'1 / 2 .
- 3
4 1986 137
) 10000 km 2 ( .
. A = 5,55 1015 Bq
(
( . 99% .
( .
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 07
C
C
12
6
14
6
12
6
14
6
1 C
14
6
14
7
- 2 Z N
.

( C ) = 1,3 10
)N ( C
14
- 3 146 C
12
12
m = 387 g ) ' ( t .
. A ( t' ) = 15 Bq
( ) A0 ( ) '. A ( t
(
-
) (t'/ t1 / 2
A0 = A ( t' ) 2 t1 / 2 . C
14
6
't
A0 = 2, 7t1 / 2
- 4 14 5700 ans
N A = 6,02 10 23 mol 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 08
) (
) (
m 4 He
m 3H
m 2H
mp
me
4 ,00150 u
3,01550 u
2, 01355 u
1,0073u
5, 4 10 4 u
He
4
2
)( H
3
1
El / A
7 , 071 MeV
)( H
2
1
El / A
2,826 MeV
El / A
1,109 MeV
1u = 931,5 MeV / c 2 = 1,66 10 27 kg

ITER 12 H H
24 He X
A
Z
3
1
1
( X
A
Z
(
2 .
3 12 H H
3
1
. m = 0,3 mg
) E ( MeV
4 .
. +
E1 = .......
H + 13 H
E3 = ......
E2 = ......
X
5 H
1
1
2
1
A
Z
He +
4
2
72 10 7 t H
1
1
He
4
2
4 11 H 24 He + 2 10 e + 2 :
( 12 H H
3
1
( .

01
235
92
94
1
U + 01 n 38
Sr + 140
54 Xe + 2 0 n
235
92
1
235
2 U :
Sr
94
140
Xe
3 .
4 .
- 5 . P = 25MW
235 m = 868 g . .
m ( 01 n ) = 1,00866 u m ( 140 Xe ) = 139 ,9252 u m ( 94 Sr ) = 93,9154 u m ( 235U ) = 235, 0439 u :
m ( 11 p ) = 1, 00727 u
1 u = 931,5MeV / c 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 02
238
92
Pb
A
Z
ZA Pb . U ZA Pb + x + 8
238
92
N 1012
1 A Z . x
2 .
- 3
238
92
Pb
) m (U
= 1,15 :
) m ( Pb
A
Z
238
92
( ) N (U t
) N 0 (U ) t = 0 ( .
) N ( Pb
( t = e t 1
) N (U
238
92

0,5
( .
) t 10 ( ans
9
(
Pb ) = 3, 419 10 25 kg :
A
Z
m q Pb = 1,312 10 17 C q p = 1, 6 10 19 C :
1 u =1,66 10 27 kg m ( 10 e ) = 5, 4 10 4 u m ( 238U ) = 238,000312 u m ( 24 He ) = 4,0015u

1 u = 931,5MeV / c 2

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GUEZOURI . Lyce Maraval - Oran

GUEZOURI . Lyce Maraval - Oran

1u = 931,5 MeV / c 2 = 1,66 10 27 kg

GUEZOURI . Lyce Maraval - Oran

1 u =1,66 10 27 kg m ( 10 e ) = 5, 4 10 4 u m ( 238U ) = 238,000312 u m ( 24 He ) = 4,0015u

GUEZOURI . Lyce Maraval - Oran

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