1

) ( S=1,0cm2 ; L =1,0cm
C 5,0.103 mol / . G 3,30 104 S :
HCOOH
1 .
2 .
3 .
4 K .
:
, HCOO 5, 50mS.m2 .mol 1

H O 35, 0mS.m2 .mol 1

2
/ :
)NH4 (aq) / NH3 (aq

)CH3COOH(aq) / CH3COO (aq

1
2 K
K .
3

25C

4
5

'K

'K

)NH4 (aq

)NH3 (aq

)CH3COO (aq

. K 3,98 105

)CH3COOH(aq

'K

.
3

)) (CH3 NH2 (aq

HO

. C 1,0 102 mol /

2,0 103 mol /

25C

1 .
2 .
3
.
4 . .
5

Page 1

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 4
) C6H5COOH(aq .

S0

C=1,0.10-2mol/ l .
:
5,0.10-4

6,7.10-4

1,0.10-3

2,0.10-3

2,5.10-3

5,0.10-3

1,0.10-2

)C(mol/l

52,1

61,7

81,3

115,0

132,0

189,0

273,4

)(mS .cm-1

1 .
2 V S0 . C

2 1 . . xeq
2 2 Qr,eq C xeq . V
2 3

2 4 xeq x eq .C.V :

2 C
1

2 5 K :
3

( H3O+ ) C6H5COO-

C H COO

C a

a H O
3

5 K :
2

K.a. K.a 2
C
C

6 excel

f
C
C

. . K

C2 ) x 10 - 4

800 S2/c2

600
400
200

-4
C ) x 10s/c

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

70-60 -50-40-30 -20-10

-200

Page 2

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:
-400

 5
2, 0.103 mol ) NH4C (s 200m
1 .
2 ) . NH4 (aq
3 .
4 .
5 K . K V
x f .
6 K 5,6.1010

pH .
6
6,5 : 100g
6,5g .
3
: 1,02.10 g / :
M(CH 3COOH) 60g / mol :
V0 50 ) (S1

V1 200m

1 C0 .
2 . S1

C1

.
3
3 1 .
C12
3 2 :
1

3 3

Page 3

. K 1,9.105

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 7
CH3CO2H (nitrite ) NO2 -

.(acide nitreux ) HNO2

V=20,0mL C=1,0.10-2mol/L V
)) (Na+(aq) + NO-2 (aq C.

-1 /

-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 K
.
-6 .
-7 :

K
K 1

: 25C .K=4,0.10-2 :

V 100mL

.
25C
25C

) )(C6 H5COO (aq) Na (aq

m 72g

K e 1,0 1014

pK A (C6 H5COOH / C6 H5COO ) 4, 2

M 144g / mol

1 1 .
1 2 ( )1 .
1 3

K1

2
. S
2 1
'V

C' 0,10mol / L

2 2 ( )2 .
.

Page 4

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 9
NH3 .

.
. .
-I :
V
.C1=1,0.10-2mol/L 25C
) (S1 .q=100,4S/cm

-1 NH3 .
-2 .

-3 []HO- S1 pH .
-4 1

-5 NH3 :
2
q

q
HO NH

K1

( HO NH ).(C1
4

.K1

1
, NH4 7, 34mS.m.mol

HO 19,90mS.m.mol 1

K e H 3O . HO 1014

-II :
pH ( )S2 CH3COOH C2=1.0.10-1mol/L

.pH=2,9 :

-1 2 .

-2 K2 .
-III :

V1=25mL ) (S1 V2=25mL ).(S2

-1 .

-2 K K1 K2 Ke .

.K

Page 5

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 11
( 2118 )
C6 H5COOH .
.
m
V 100m . CA 0,1mol /
: M 122g / mol :
K e 1014 : 25C
1
pH
1 1

25C

pH1 2,6

1 2
1 3
1 4

Qr,q

pH1

CA

pK A

C6 H5COOH / C6 H5COO

2
VA 20m CA 0,1mol /
: CB 5.102 mol /
VB 10m pH
25C . pH2 3,7
2 1
2 2

n(HO )V

2 3

Page 6

n(HO )R

n(HO )R

n(HO )V

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. .