The

infec)ous cycle
Week 2, Session 1
Virology I: How viruses work
Prof. V. Racaniello

The Infec)ous
Cycle

Virologists divide the

infecAous cycle into
steps to facilitate
their study, but no
such arAcial
boundaries occur

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Some important deni)ons

A suscep)ble cell has a funcAonal receptor for a given

virus - the cell may or may not be able to support viral
replica3on

A resistant cell has no receptor - it may or may not be

competent to support viral replica3on

A permissive cell has the capacity to replicate virus - it

may or may not be suscep3ble

A suscep)ble AND permissive cell is the only cell that

can take up a virus parAcle and replicate it
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Animal viruses, though discovered in early 1900s,

could not be rouAnely propagated in cultured cells

Most viruses were grown in laboratory animals

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ifpma.org
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Studying the infec)ous cycle in cells

Not possible before 1949 (animal

viruses)

Enders, Weller, Robbins propagate

poliovirus in human cell culture -
primary cultures of embryonic
Assues

Nobel prize, 1954

hTp://www.virology.ws/2009/02/09/the-amazing-hela-cells-of-henrieTa-lacks/
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Virus cul)va)on

primary human mouse broblast

cell line
foreskin broblasts
(3T3)

human epithelial
cell line (HeLa)

conAnuous cell lines

diploid cell strains (e.g. WI-38, human embryonic lung)

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cytopathic eect (CPE)

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FormaAon of syncy3a

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Images from Principles of Virology

2009 American Society for Microbiology
Are used with permission
No further reproducAon or distribuAon is permiTed
without the prior wriTen permission of the
American Society for Microbiology

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