Kshs

GV.
Lu Huy Thng
0968.393.899
L THUYT KHO ST HM S
I. TNH N IU CA HM S
1. nh ngha:
Hm s f ng bin trn K x1, x 2 K , x1 < x 2 f (x1 ) < f (x 2 )
Hm s f nghch bin trn K x1, x 2 K , x1 < x 2 f (x1 ) > f (x 2 )
2. iu kin cn:
Gi s f c o hm trn khong I.
a) Nu f ng bin trn khong I th f '(x ) 0, x I
b) Nu f nghch bin trn khong I th f '(x ) 0, x I
3. iu kin :
Gi s f c o hm trn khong I.
a) Nu f '(x ) 0, x I ( f '(x ) = 0 ti mt s hu hn im) th f ng bin trn I.
b) Nu f '(x ) 0, x I ( f '(x ) = 0 ti mt s hu hn im) th f nghch bin trn I.
c) Nu f '(x ) = 0 th f khng i trn I.
Ch : Nu khong I c thay bi on hoc na khong th f phi lin tc trn .
4. iu kin hm s lun ng bin trn mt min xc nh.
Cho hm s y = f (x , m ) , m l tham s, c tp xc nh D.
Hm s f ng bin trn D y ' 0, x D
Hm s f nghch bin trn D y ' 0, x D .
T suy ra iu kin ca m.
Ch :
y ' = 0 ch xy ra ti mt s hu hn im.
Nu y ' = ax 2 + bx + c th:
a = b = 0
c 0
y ' 0, x R
a > 0
a = b = 0
c 0
y ' 0, x R
a < 0
nh l v du ca tam thc bc hai g(x ) = ax 2 + bx + c :

Nu < 0 th g (x ) lun cng du vi a .
b
)
2a
Nu > 0 th g (x ) c hai nghim x1, x 2 v trong khong hai nghim th g (x ) khc du
vi a , ngoi khong hai nghim th g (x ) cng du vi a .
Nu = 0 th g (x ) lun cng du vi a (tr x =
So snh cc nghim x1, x 2 ca tam thc bc hai g(x ) = ax 2 + bx + c vi s 0:
> 0
x1 < x2 < 0
P > 0
S < 0
> 0
0 < x1 < x 2
P > 0
S > 0
x1 < 0 < x 2 P < 0
hm s y = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d c di khong ng bin (nghch bin) (x1; x2 ) bng d th

B HC V B - CHUYN CN S N BN
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ta thc hin cc bc sau:

Bc 1: Tnh y ' .
Bc 2: Tm iu kin hm s c khong ng bin v nghch bin:
a 0
> 0
(1)
2
Bc 3: Bin i x 1 x 2 = d thnh (x 1 + x 2 ) 4x 1x 2 = d
(2)
Bc 4: S dng nh l Viet a (2) thnh phng trnh theo m.
Bc 5: Gii phng trnh, so vi iu kin (1) chn nghim.
II. CC TR CA HM S
1. Khi nim cc tr ca hm s
Gi s hm s f xc nh trn tp D (D R) v x 0 D .
a) x 0 im cc i ca f nu tn ti khong (a ;b ) D v x 0 (a;b) sao cho
f (x ) < f (x 0 ), x (a;b) \ {x 0} .
Khi f (x 0 ) c gi l gi tr cc i (cc i) ca f.
b) x 0 im cc tiu ca f nu tn ti khong (a ;b ) D v x 0 (a;b) sao cho
f (x ) > f (x 0 ), x (a;b) \ {x 0} .
Khi f (x 0 ) c gi l gi tr cc tiu (cc tiu) ca f.
c) Nu x 0 l im cc tr ca f th im (x 0 ; f (x 0 )) c gi l im cc tr ca th hm s f.
2. iu kin cn hm s c cc tr
Nu hm s f c o hm ti x 0 v t cc tr ti im th f '(x 0 ) = 0 .
Ch : Hm s f ch c th t cc tr ti nhng im m ti o hm bng 0 hoc khng c o
hm.
3. iu kin hm s c cc tr
1. nh l 1: Gi s hm s f lin tc trn khong (a ;b ) cha im x 0 v c o hm trn
(a;b) \ {x 0}
a) Nu f '(x ) i du t m sang dng khi x i qua x 0 th f t cc tiu ti x 0 .
b) Nu f '(x ) i du t dng sang m khi x i qua x 0 th f t cc i ti x 0 .
2. nh l 2: Gi s hm s f c o hm trn khong (a; b) cha im x 0 , f '(x 0 ) = 0 v c o
hm cp hai khc 0 ti im x 0 .
a) Nu f ''(x 0 ) < 0 th f t cc i ti x 0 .
b) Nu f ''(x 0 ) > 0 th f t cc tiu ti x 0 .
4. Quy tc tm cc tr
Qui tc 1: Dng nh l 1.
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Tm f '(x ) .
Tm cc im x i (i = 1, 2, ) m ti o hm bng 0 hoc khng c o hm.
Xt du f '(x ) . Nu f '(x ) i du khi x i qua x i th hm s t cc tr ti x i .
Qui tc 2: Dng nh l 2.
Tnh f '(x ) .
Gii phng trnh f '(x ) = 0 tm cc nghim x i (i = 1, 2, ).
Tnh f ''(x ) v f ''(xi ) (i = 1, 2, ).
Nu f ''(x i ) < 0 th hm s t cc i ti x i .
Nu f ''(x i ) > 0 th hm s t cc tiu ti x i .
III. S TNG GIAO CA CC TH
1. Cho hai th (C 1 ) : y = f (x ) v (C 2 ) : y = g(x ) . tm honh giao im ca (C1) v (C2) ta
gii phng trnh: f (x ) = g (x ) (*) (gi l phng trnh honh giao im).
S nghim ca phng trnh (*) bng s giao im ca hai th.
2. th hm s bc ba y = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d (a 0) ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit
Phng trnh ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 c 3 nghim phn bit.
Hm s y = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d c cc i, cc tiu v yC .yCT < 0 .
IV. TON TIP TUYN
Bi ton 1: Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C ) : y = f (x ) ti im M 0 (x 0 ; y 0 ) :
Nu cho x 0 th tm y0 = f (x 0 ) .
Nu cho y0 th tm x 0 l nghim ca phng trnh f (x ) = y0 .
Tnh y ' = f '(x ) . Suy ra y '(x 0 ) = f '(x 0 ) .
Phng trnh tip tuyn l: y y0 = f '(x 0 ).(x x 0 )
Bi ton 2: Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C ) : y = f (x ) , bit c h s gc k cho trc.
Cch 1: Tm to tip im.
Gi M 0 (x 0 ; y 0 ) l tip im. Tnh f '(x 0 ) .
c h s gc k f '(x 0 ) = k
(1)
Gii phng trnh (1), tm c x 0 v tnh y0 = f (x 0 ) . T vit phng trnh ca .

Cch 2: Dng iu kin tip xc.
Phng trnh ng thng c dng: y = kx + m .
tip xc vi (C) khi v ch khi h phng trnh sau c nghim:
f (x ) = kx + m
f '(x ) = k
Gii h (*), tm c m . T vit phng trnh ca .

Ch : H s gc k ca tip tuyn c th c cho gin tip nh sau:
+ to vi chiu dng trc honh gc th k = tan
+ song song vi ng thng d : y = ax + b th k = a
(*)
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0968.393.899
+ vung gc vi ng thng d : y = ax + b (a 0) th k =
1
a
k a
= tan
1 + ka
Bi ton 3: Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C): y = f (x ) , bit i qua im A(x A; yA ) .
Cch 1: Tm to tip im.
Gi M 0 (x 0 ; y 0 ) l tip im. Khi : y0 = f (x 0 ); y '0 f '(x 0 ) .
+ to vi ng thng d : y = ax + b mt gc th
Phng trnh tip tuyn ti M : y y0 = f '(x 0 )(x x 0 )

i qua A(x A; yA ) nn: yA = y 0 = f '(x 0 )(x A x 0 ) (2)
Gii phng trnh (2), tm c x 0 . T vit phng trnh ca .
Cch 2: Dng iu kin tip xc.
Phng trnh ng thng i qua A(x A; yA ) v c h s gc k : y yA = k (x x A )
tip xc vi (C) khi v ch khi h phng trnh sau c nghim:
f (x ) = k (x x ) + y
A
A
f '(x ) = k
(*)
Gii h (*), tm c x (suy ra k ). T vit phng trnh tip tuyn .
V. IU KIN TIP XC
1. iu kin cn v hai ng (C 1 ) : y = f (x ) v (C 2 ) : y = g(x ) tip xc nhau l h phng

trnh sau c nghim:
f (x ) = g(x )
f '(x ) = g '(x )
Nghim ca h (*) l honh ca tip im ca hai ng .

2. Nu (C 1 ) : y = px + q v (C 2 ) : y = ax 2 + bx + c th
(*)
(C1) v (C2) tip xc nhau phng trnh ax 2 + bx + c = px + q c nghim kp.

VI. KHONG CCH
1. Khong cch gia hai im A, B: AB =
(x B x A )2 + (yB yA )2
2. Khong cch t im M(x0; y0) n ng thng : ax + by + c = 0

d(M, ) =
ax 0 + by 0 + c
a 2 + b2
VII. TH CHA DU GI TR TUYT I

Cch 1: Kho st s bin thin v v th.
Xt du biu thc c cha du gi tr tuyt i.
Chia min xc nh thnh nhiu khong, trong mi khong ta b du gi tr tuyt i.
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V th hm s tng ng trong cc khong ca min xc nh.

Cch 2: Thc hin cc php bin i th.
Dng 1: V th hm s y = f (x ) .
th (C) ca hm s y = f (x ) c th c suy t th (C) ca hm s y = f(x) nh sau:
+ Gi nguyn phn th (C) pha trn trc honh.
+ Ly i xng phn th ca (C) pha di trc honh qua trc honh.
+ th (C) l hp ca hai phn trn.
Dng 2: V th ca hm s y = f ( x ) .
th (C) ca hm s y = f ( x ) c th c suy t th (C) ca hm s y = f(x) nh sau:
+ Gi nguyn phn th (C) bn phi trc tung, b phn bn tri trc tung.
+ Ly i xng phn bn phi trc tung qua trc tung.
+ th (C) l hp ca hai phn trn.
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PHN I: TNH N IU CA HM S
HT 1.
Cho hm s y =
1
(m 1)x 3 + mx 2 + (3m 2)x (1). Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m
3
hm s (1) ng bin trn tp xc nh ca n.

Gii
Tp xc nh: D = R. y = (m 1)x 2 + 2mx + 3m 2 .
(1) ng bin trn R y 0, x
(m 1)x 2 + 2mx + 3m 2 0, x
m 1 = 2m = 0
m > 1
3m 2 0
m > 1
m 1 m 2

2m 2 + 5m 2 0
m 1 > 0
2
2
m
2
m (m 1)(3m 2) 0
HT 2.
Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 mx 4 (1). Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m hm s (1)
ng bin trn khong (; 0) .

Gii
Tp xc nh: D = ; y ' = 3x 2 + 6x m ,
(1) ng bin trn khong (-;0) y 0, x (-;0)
3x 2 + 6x m 0 x (-;0)
x -
-1
0
f(x)
- 0 +
x
+
f(x)
-3
3x 2 + 6x m x (-;0)
Xt hm s f(x) = 3x 2 + 6x m trn (-;0]
C f(x) = 6x + 6; f(x) = 0 x = -1
T bng bin thin: m 3
HT 3.
Cho hm s y = 2x3 3(2m + 1)x 2 + 6m(m + 1)x + 1 c th (Cm). Tm m hm s ng
bin trn khong (2; +)

Gii
B HC V B - CHUYN CN S TI BN
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0968.393.899
Tp xc nh: D =
y ' = 6x 2 6(2m + 1)x + 6m(m + 1) c = (2m + 1)2 4(m 2 + m ) = 1 > 0

x = m
y ' = 0
x = m + 1
Ta c: y 0, x (-;m) v (m + 1; +)
Do : hm s ng bin trn (2; +) m + 1 2 m 1
HT 4.
Cho hm s y = x 3 + (1 2m )x 2 + (2 m )x + m + 2 . Tm m hm ng bin trn
(0;+) .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
y = 3x 2 + 2(1 2m )x + (2 m )
Hm ng bin trn (0; +) y = 3x 2 + 2(1 2m )x + (2 m ) 0 vi x (0; +)
f (x ) =
Ta c: f (x ) =
2(2x 2 + x 1)
(4x + 1)2
3x 2 + 2x + 2
m vi x (0; +)
4x + 1
x = 1
= 0 2x + x 1 = 0
x = 1
2
2
Lp bng bin thin ca hm f (x ) trn (0; +) , t ta i n kt lun:
1
5
f m m
2
4
HT 5.
Cho hm s y = x 4 2mx 2 3m + 1 (1), (m l tham s). Tm m hm s (1) ng bin
trn khong (1; 2).

Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
Ta c y ' = 4x 3 4mx = 4x (x 2 m)
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+ m 0 , y 0, x (1;2) m 0 tho mn.

+ m > 0 , y = 0 c 3 nghim phn bit: m , 0,
m.
Hm s (1) ng bin trn (1; 2) khi ch khi m 1 0 < m 1 .
HT 6.
Cho hm s y =
mx + 4
x +m
Vy m (;1 .
(1). Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m hm s (1) nghch
bin trn khong (;1) .

Gii
Tp xc nh: D = R \ {m}.
m2 4
.
y =
(x + m )2
Hm s nghch bin trn tng khong xc nh y < 0 2 < m < 2
(1)
hm s (1) nghch bin trn khong (;1) th ta phi c m 1 m 1 (2)

Kt hp (1) v (2) ta c: 2 < m 1 .

HT 7. Chng minh rng, hm s y = sin2 x + cos x ng bin trn on 0; v nghch bin trn
3

on ;
3
Gii
Hm s cho xc nh trn 0;
Ta c: y ' = sin x (2 cos x 1), x (0; )
V x (0; ) sin x > 0 nn trn (0; ) : y ' = 0 cos x =
x =
2
3

+ Trn khong 0; : y ' > 0 nn hm s ng bin trn on
3

0;
3

+ Trn khong ; : y ' < 0 nn hm s nghch bin trn on
3

;
3
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HT 8. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 + mx + m . Tm m hm s nghch bin trn on c di bng

1
Gii
Hm s cho xc nh trn
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 + 6x + m c ' = 9 3m
+ Nu m 3 th y 0, x , khi hm s ng bin trn , do m 3 khng tha mn.
+ Nu m < 3, khi : y = 0 c hai nghim phn bit x1 , x 2 (x1 < x 2 ) v hm s nghch bin
trong on:
x ; x vi di l = x x
1 2
2
1
Theo Vi-t ta c: x 1 + x 2 = 2, x1x 2 =
m
3
Hm s nghch bin trn on c di bng 1 l = 1

2
4
9
(x 2 x1 ) = 1 (x1 + x 2 )2 4x1x 2 = 1 4 m = 1 m =
3
4
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PHN 2: CC TR CA HM S
HT 9.
Cho hm s y = x 3 + (1 2m )x 2 + (2 m )x + m + 2 (m l tham s) (1). Tm cc gi tr ca
m th hm s (1) c im cc i, im cc tiu, ng thi honh ca im cc tiu nh

hn 1.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
y = 3x 2 + 2(1 2m )x + 2 m = g(x )
YCBT phng trnh y = 0 c hai nghim phn bit x 1, x 2 tha mn: x1 < x 2 < 1 .

2
= 4m m 5 > 0
5
7
<m < .
g(1) = 5m + 7 > 0
4
5
S
m
2
1
=
<1
2
3
HT 10. Cho hm s y = (m + 2)x 3 + 3x 2 + mx 5 , m l tham s. Tm cc gi tr ca m cc im

cc i, cc tiu ca th hm s cho c honh l cc s dng.
Gii
Cc im cc i, cc tiu ca th hm s cho c honh l cc s dng
PT y ' = 3(m + 2)x 2 + 6x + m = 0 c 2 nghim dng phn bit
a = (m + 2) 0
' = 9 3m(m + 2) > 0

' = m 2 2m + 3 > 0
3 < m < 1
m
P =
m < 0
m < 0
3 < m < 2
0
>
3(m + 2)
m + 2 < 0
m < 2
S
=
>
0
m +2
HT 11. Cho hm s y = 2 x 3 3(m + 2) x 2 + 6(5m + 1) x (4m3 + 2). Tm m hm s t cc tiu ti
x0 (1; 2
Gii
V hm s bc 3 nn hm s c hai im cc tr y ' = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit.
Do h s ca x 3 l dng nn khi : xCT > xCD
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Ta c y ' = 6[ x 2 (m + 2) x + 5m + 1], y ' = 0 m( x 5) = x 2 2 x + 1 (1)
x2 2x + 1
= g( x )
Do x = 5 khng l nghim ca (1) (1) m =
x5
g '( x ) =
x 2 10 x + 9
( x 5)2
x = 1
=0
x = 9
Bng bin thin:
T bng bin thin v kt hp vi nhn xt trn

1
Hm s t cc tiu ti x0 (1;2] m < 0
3
HT 12. Cho hm s y =
1 4
3
x mx 2 +
(1). Xc nh m th ca hm s (1) c cc tiu m
2
2
khng c cc i.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
x = 0
y = 2x 3 2mx = 2x (x 2 m) . y = 0 2
x = m
th ca hm s (1) c cc tiu m khng c cc i PT y = 0 c 1 nghim m 0
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HT 13. Cho hm s y = x 4 + 2mx 2 4
(C m ). Tm cc gi tr ca m tt c cc im cc tr
ca (C m ) u nm trn cc trc ta .
Gii
x = 0
Ta c: y ' = 4x 3 + 4mx ; y ' = 0 2
x = m
Nu m 0 th hm s c 1 im cc tr duy nht v im nm trn trc tung.
Nu m > 0 th th hm s khi c 3 im cc tr. Mt im cc tr nm trn trc tung v
hai im cc tr cn li c ta : ( m ; m 2 4) Cc im ny ch c th nm trn trc
honh.
m > 0
iu kin cc im nm trn trc honh l
m=2
2
m 4 = 0
m = 2
Kt lun:
m 0
HT 14. Cho hm s y = x 3 + (2m + 1)x 2 (m 2 3m + 2)x 4 (m l tham s) c th l (Cm).

Xc nh m (Cm) c cc im cc i v cc tiu nm v hai pha ca trc tung.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
y = 3x 2 + 2(2m + 1)x (m 2 3m + 2) .
(Cm) c cc im C v CT nm v hai pha ca trc tung PT y = 0 c 2 nghim tri du
3(m 2 3m + 2) < 0 1 < m < 2 .
HT 15. Cho hm s y =
1 3
x mx 2 + (2m 1)x 3 (m l tham s) c th l (Cm). Xc nh m
3
(Cm) c cc im cc i, cc tiu nm v cng mt pha i vi trc tung.

Gii
TX: D = ; y = x 2 2mx + 2m 1 .
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th (Cm) c 2 im C, CT nm cng pha i vi trc tung y = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit

m 1

2
= m 2m + 1 > 0
cng du

2m 1 > 0
m > 1
HT 16. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 + mx + m 2 (m l tham s) c th l (Cm). Xc nh m

(Cm) c cc im cc i v cc tiu nm v hai pha i vi trc honh.
Gii
PT honh giao im ca (C) v trc honh:
x 3 + 3x 2 + mx + m 2 = 0 (1)
x = 1

2
g(x ) = x + 2x + m 2 = 0 (2)
(Cm) c 2 im cc tr nm v 2 pha i vi trc 0x PT (1) c 3 nghim phn bit
= 3 m > 0
(2) c 2 nghim phn bit khc 1
m<3
g(1) = m 3 0
HT 17. Cho hm s y =
1 3
4
x (m + 1)x 2 + (m + 1)3 (C ). Tm m cc im cc tr ca hm s
3
3
(C) nm v hai pha (pha trong v pha ngoi) ca ng trn c phng trnh:
x 2 + y 2 4x + 3 = 0.
Gii
Ta c: y ' = x 2 2(m + 1)x
x = 0
y ' = 0
x = 2(m + 1)
4
y(0) = (m + 1)3 ; y(2m + 2) = 0
3
hm s c cc tr th m 1.
Gi hai im cc tr ca th hm s l: A 0; (m + 1)3 ; B(2m + 2; 0)
3
Gi I l tm ng trn, khi I (2; 0) v R = 1.
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)(
A v B nm v hai pha ca ng trn khi v ch khi: IA2 R2 IB 2 R2 < 0
IA = 4 +
(IA
16
(m + 1)6 ; IB = 4m 2
9
16
R2 IB 2 R2 < 0 3 + (m + 1)6 (4m 2 1) < 0 (*)
9
)(
16
Ta c: 3 + (m + 1)6 > 0 x
Suy ra: (*) 4m 2 1 < 0 m <
Kt hp iu kin ta c: m <
1
2
1
2
HT 18. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx 2 + 4m 3 (m l tham s) c th l (Cm). Xc nh m (Cm) c

cc im cc i v cc tiu i xng nhau qua ng thng y = x.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
x = 0
. hm s c cc i v cc tiu th m 0.
Ta c: y = 3x 2 6mx ; y = 0
x = 2m
th hm s c hai im cc tr l: A(0; 4m3), B(2m; 0) AB = (2m; 4m 3 )

Trung im ca on AB l I(m; 2m3)
AB d
2m 4m 3 = 0
2
3
m=
A, B i xng nhau qua ng thng d: y = x
I d
2m = m
2
HT 19. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3mx 2 3m 1 . Vi gi tr no ca m th th hm s c im cc

i v im cc tiu i xng vi nhau qua ng thng d : x + 8y 74 = 0 .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
y = 3x 2 + 6mx ; y = 0 x = 0 x = 2m .
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Hm s c C, CT PT y = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit m 0 .

Khi 2 im cc tr l: A(0; 3m 1), B(2m; 4m 3 3m 1) AB(2m; 4m 3 )
Trung im I ca AB c to : I (m;2m 3 3m 1)
ng thng d: x + 8y 74 = 0 c mt VTCP u = (8; 1) .
m + 8(2m 3 3m 1) 74 = 0
I d

m =2
A v B i xng vi nhau qua d
AB d
AB.u = 0
HT 20. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3mx 2 + 3(1 m 2 )x + m 3 m 2 (1). Vit phng trnh ng thng

qua hai im cc tr ca th hm s (1).
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
y = 3x 2 + 6mx + 3(1 m 2 ) .
PT y = 0 c = 1 > 0, m th hm s (1) lun c 2 im cc tr (x 1; y1 ), (x 2 ; y2 ) .
Chia y cho y ta c:
1
m
y = x y + 2x m 2 + m
3
3
Khi :
y1 = 2x 1 m 2 + m ; y2 = 2x 2 m 2 + m
PT ng thng qua hai im cc tr ca th hm s (1) l y = 2x m 2 + m .
HT 21. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + mx + 2 (C m ). Tm m (C m ) c cc i v cc tiu, ng thi

cc im cc tr ca hm s cch u ng thng d : x y 1 = 0.
Gii
Ta c : y ' = 3x 2 6x + m; y ' = 0 3x 2 6x + m = 0 (1).
Hm s (C m ) c cc i, cc tiu khi v ch khi (1) c 2 nghim phn bit m < 3.
Gi s A(x 1; y1 ), B (x 2 ; y2 ) l hai im cc tr ca hm s (C m ),(x1, x 2 l 2 nghim ca (1).
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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x 1
m
m
Ta c : y = y ' + 2 1 x + 2 +
v y '(x1 ) = y '(x 2 ) = 0
3
3 3
3
m
Nn phng trnh ng thng i qua A, B l : d ' : y = 2 1 x + 2 + .
3
3
Do , cc im A, B cch u ng thng (d) trong hai trng hp sau :
9
Trng hp 1 : (d) cng phng vi (d) 2 1 = 1 m = (Khng tha mn)
2
3
Trng hp 2 : Trung im I ca A, B nm trn (d). Do (I) l trung im ca AB nn ta (I)
x = x 1 + x 2 = 1
2
l :
V I nm trn (d) nn ta c 1 m 1 = 0 m = 0 (tha mn)
y1 + y2
=m
y =
2
KL : m = 0
HT 22. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 mx + 2 (m l tham s) c th l (Cm). Xc nh m (Cm) c

cc im cc i v cc tiu cch u ng thng y = x 1 .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 6x m .
Hm s c C, CT y ' = 3x 2 6x m = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit x1; x 2
' = 9 + 3m > 0 m > 3 (*)

Gi hai im cc tr l A (x 1; y1 ); B (x 2 ; y2 )
1
2m
1
m
+ 2 x + 2
Thc hin php chia y cho y ta c: y = x y '
3
3
3
3
2m
2m
m
m
+ 2 x1 + 2 ; y2 = y (x 2 ) =
+ 2 x 2 + 2
y1 = y (x1 ) =
3
3
3
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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2m
m
+ 2 x + 2
Phng trnh ng thng i qua 2 im cc tr l : y =
3
3
Cc im cc tr cch u ng thng y = x 1 xy ra 1 trong 2 trng hp:

TH1: ng thng i qua 2 im cc tr song song hoc trng vi ng thng y = x 1
2m
3

+ 2 = 1 m = (tha mn)
2
3
TH2: Trung im I ca AB nm trn ng thng y = x 1

yI = x I 1
y1 + y2
x1 + x 2
2
2
2m
2m

+ 3 .2 = 6
m=0
3
3
2m
m
1
+ 2 (x 1 + x 2 ) + 2 2 = (x 1 + x 2 ) 2
3
3
Vy cc gi tr cn tm ca m l: m =
0;
HT 23. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + mx
(1). Vi gi tr no ca m th th hm s (1) c cc
im cc i v im cc tiu i xng vi nhau qua ng thng d : x 2y 5 = 0 .

Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
Ta c y = x 3 3x 2 + mx y ' = 3x 2 6x + m
Hm s c cc i, cc tiu y = 0 c hai nghim phn bit = 9 3m > 0 m < 3
1
2
1
1
Ta c: y = x y + m 2 x + m
3
3
3
3
Ti cc im cc tr th y = 0 , do ta cc im cc tr tha mn phng trnh:
1
y = m 2 x + m
3
3
1
Nh vy ng thng i qua cc im cc tr c phng trnh y = m 2 x + m
3
3
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nn c h s gc k1 =
2
m 2.
3
d: x 2y 5 = 0 y =
1
5
1
x d c h s gc k2 =
2
2
2
hai im cc tr i xng qua d th ta phi c d

k1k2 = 1
1 2
m 2 = 1 m = 0
2 3
Vi m = 0 th th c hai im cc tr l (0; 0) v (2; 4), nn trung im ca chng l I(1; 2).

Ta thy I d, do hai im cc tr i xng vi nhau qua d.
Vy: m = 0
HT 24. Cho hm s y = x 3 3(m + 1)x 2 + 9x + m 2 (1) c th l (Cm). Vi gi tr no ca m th

th hm s c im cc i v im cc tiu i xng vi nhau qua ng thng d : y =
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
y ' = 3x 2 6(m + 1)x + 9

Hm s c C, CT ' = 9(m + 1)2 3.9 > 0 m (; 1 3) (1 + 3; +)
1
m + 1
y 2(m 2 + 2m 2)x + 4m + 1
Ta c y = x
3
3
Gi s cc im cc i v cc tiu l A(x 1; y1 ), B(x 2 ; y2 ) , I l trung im ca AB.
y1 = 2(m 2 + 2m 2)x 1 + 4m + 1 ; y2 = 2(m 2 + 2m 2)x 2 + 4m + 1
x + x = 2(m + 1)
2
v: 1
x 1.x 2 = 3
Vy ng thng i qua hai im cc i v cc tiu l y = 2(m 2 + 2m 2)x + 4m + 1
A, B i xng qua (d): y =
AB d
1
m = 1.
x
I d
2
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HT 25. Cho hm s y =
1 3
1
x (m 1)x 2 + 3(m 2)x + , vi m l tham s thc. Xc nh m
3
3
hm s cho t cc tr ti x 1, x 2 sao cho x1 + 2x 2 = 1 .

Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
Ta c: y = x 2 2(m 1)x + 3(m 2)
Hm s c cc i v cc tiu y = 0 c hai nghim phn bit x 1, x 2
> 0 m 2 5m + 7 > 0 (lun ng vi m)
x + x = 2(m 1)
x = 3 2m
2
Khi ta c: 1
2
x 2 (1 2x 2 ) = 3(m 2)
x 1x 2 = 3(m 2)
8m 2 + 16m 9 = 0 m =
4 34
.
4
HT 26. Cho hm s y = x 3 3(m + 1)x 2 + 9x m , vi m l tham s thc. Xc nh m hm s

cho t cc tr ti x 1, x 2 sao cho x1 x 2 2 .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
Ta c y ' = 3x 2 6(m + 1)x + 9.
+ Hm s t cc i, cc tiu ti x 1, x 2 PT y ' = 0 c hai nghim phn bit x 1, x 2
PT x 2 2(m + 1)x + 3 = 0 c hai nghim phn bit l x 1, x 2 .
m > 1 + 3
' = (m + 1) 3 > 0
m < 1 3
(1)
+ Theo nh l Viet ta c x 1 + x 2 = 2(m + 1); x 1x 2 = 3. Khi :

2
x 1 x 2 2 (x 1 + x 2 ) 4x 1x 2 4 4 (m + 1) 12 4
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(m + 1)2 4 3 m 1
(2)
+ T (1) v (2) suy ra gi tr ca m cn tm l 3 m < 1 3 v 1 + 3 < m 1.
HT 27. Cho hm s y = x 3+ (1 2m )x 2+ (2 m )x + m + 2 , vi m l tham s thc. Xc nh m

hm s cho t cc tr ti x , x sao cho x x > 1 .
1
2
1
2
3
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 + 2(1 2m )x + (2 m )
Hm s c C, CT y ' = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit x 1, x 2 (gi s x 1 < x 2 )
m > 5
2
2
' = (1 2m ) 3(2 m ) = 4m m 5 > 0
4
<
m
1
(*)
x + x = 2(1 2m )
1
2
3
Hm s t cc tr ti cc im x 1, x 2 . Khi ta c:
2 m
x x =
3
1 2
x1 x 2 >
2
2
1
1
(x1 x 2 ) = (x 1 + x 2 ) 4x 1x 2 >
3
9
4(1 2m )2 4(2 m ) > 1 16m 2 12m 5 > 0 m >
Kt hp (*), ta suy ra m >
HT 28. Cho hm s y =
3 + 29
3 29
m <
8
8
3 + 29
m < 1
8
2 3
4
x + (m + 1)x 2 + (m + 1)(m + 3)x + (1), m l tham s. Tm m hm
3
3
1
s (1) t cc i, cc tiu ti x 1x 2 sao cho x1 + x 2 x 1x 2 t gi tr ln nht.
2
Gii
Ta c : y ' = 2x 2 + 2(m + 1)x + (m + 1)(m + 3) ;
Hm s t cc i, cc tiu khi v ch khi y ' = 0 c hai nghim phn bit
(m + 1)2 2(m + 1)(m + 3) > 0

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(m + 1)(m + 5) > 0 5 < m < 1
Khi : x 1 + x 2 = m 1; x 1x 2 =
(m + 1)(m + 3)
2
1
1
1
Nn x1 + x 2 x 1x 2 = m 1 (m + 1)(m + 3) = (m 2 + 8m + 7)
2
4
4
1
1
9 9
= (m 2 + 8m + 7) = (m + 4)2 + , m
4
4
4 4
1
9
Suy ra : x1 + x 2 x 1x 2 t gi tr ln nht bng khi m = 4(t / m )
2
4
HT 29. Cho hm s y = 4x 3 + mx 2 3x . Tm m hm s c hai im cc tr x 1, x 2 tha
x1 = 4x 2 .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
y = 12x 2 + 2mx 3 . Ta c: = m 2 + 36 > 0, m hm s lun c 2 cc tr x 1, x 2 .
x = 4x
2
1
m
Khi : x1 + x 2 =
1
x1x 2 =
4
m =
9
2
Cu hi tng t:
a) y = x 3 + 3x 2 + mx + 1 ;
x1 + 2x 2 = 3
HT 30. Tm cc gi tr ca m hm s y =
S: m = 105 .
1 3 1
x mx 2 + (m 2 3)x c cc i x1 , cc tiu x 2 ng
3
2
thi x1 ; x 2 l di cc cnh gc vung ca mt tam gic vung c di cnh huyn bng
5
2
Gii
Cch 1: Min xc nh: D = c y ' = x 2 mx + m 2 3; y ' = 0 x 2 mx + m 2 = 0
Hm s t cc i ti x1 cc tiu ti x 2 tha mn yu cu bi ton khi v ch khi pt y= 0 c hai
nghim dng phn bit, trit tiu v i du qua hai nghim :
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4 m 2 > 0
> 0
2 < m < 2
S > 0 m > 0
m > 0
3 < m < 2 (*)
P > 0
m 2 3 > 0
m < 3 m > 3
x + x = m
1
2
Theo Vi-t ta c:
x1x 2 = m 2 3
M x 12 + x 22 =
5
14
2(x1 + x 2 )2 4x 1x 2 = 5 = 5 2m 2 4(m 2 3) = 5 m =
2
2
i chiu iu kin (*) ta c: m =
HT 31. Cho hm s y =
14
2
2 3
x + (m + 1)x 2 + (m 2 + 4m + 3)x + 1. Tm m hm s c cc tr. Tm
3
gi tr ln nht ca biu thc A = x 1x 2 2(x 1 + x 2 ) vi x1, x 2 l cc im cc tr ca hm s.

Gii
Ta c: y ' = 2x 2 + 2(m + 1)x + m 2 + 4m + 3
Hm s c cc tr y ' = 0 c hai nghim phn bit.
m 2 + 6m + 5 < 0 5 < m < 1
x + x = 1 m
2
1
1
Khi ta c:
A = m 2 + 8m + 7
1
2
x x = (m + 4m + 3)
2
1 2 2
1
9
Xt t = (m 2 + 8m + 7) trn (5; 1) t < 0
2
2
T ta c A
9
khi m = 4
2
HT 32. Cho hm s y = x 3 3(m + 1)x 2 + 9x m (1) vi m l tham s thc. Xc nh m hm

s (1) t cc i , cc tiu sao cho yCD + yCT = 2
Gii
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 6(m + 1)x + 9
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Hm s t cc i, cc tiu ti x 1, x 2 y ' = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit x1, x 2
x 2 2(m + 1)x + 3 = 0 c hai nghim phn bit x1, x 2
m > 1 + 3
' = (m + 1) 3 > 0
(*)
m < 1 3
x + x = 2(m + 1)
2
Theo Viet ta c: 1
x1x 2 = 3
yCD + yCT = 2 x 13 3(m + 1)x 12 + 9x 1 m + x 23 3(m + 1)x 22 + 9x 2 m = 2
x13 + x 23 3(m + 1)(x12 + x 22 ) + 9(x1 + x 2 ) 2m 2 = 0

(m + 1)(m 2 + 2m 3) = 0
m = 1(l )
m = 1(t / m )
m = 3(t / m )
HT 33. Cho hm s y =
1 3
x mx 2 + (m 2 1)x + 1 (Cm ). Tm m hm s c cc i cc tiu v:
3
yC D + yCT > 2
Gii
Ta co:y ' = x 2 2mx + (m 2 1)
'y ' = m 2 m 2 + 1 = 1 > 0
x = m + 1
y ' = 0
x = m 1
yCD + yCT = y(m +1) + y(m 1)

(m + 1)3
(m 1)3
m(m + 1)2 + (m 2 1)(m + 1) + 1] + [
m(m 1)2 + (m 2 1)(m 1) + 1]
3
3
1 < m < 0
= 2m 3 2m + 2 > 2 m(m 2 1) > 0
m > 1
1 < m < 0
KL:
m > 1
=[
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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3
HT 34. Cho hm s y = x 3 (m 2)x 2 3(m 1)x + 1 (1), m l tham s. Tm m > 0 th
2
hm s (1) c gi tr cc i, cc tiu ln lt l yCD , yCT tha mn: 2yCD + yCT = 4 .

Gii
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 3(m 2)x 3(m 1), x
x = x = 1
1
y ' = 0 x 2 (m 2)x m + 1 = 0
x
=
x
= m 1
2
Ch rng vi m > 0 th x 1 < x 2 . Khi hm s t cc i ti x 1 = 1 v t cc tiu ti
x 2 = m 1. Do : yCD = y(1) =
T gi thit ta c: 2.
3m
1
, yCT = y(m 1) = (m + 2)(m 1)2 + 1
2
2
3m 1
(m + 2)(m 1)2 + 1 = 4 6m 6 (m + 2)(m 1)2 = 0
2
2
m = 1
(m 1)(m 2 + m 8) = 0
m = 1 33
i chiu iu kin m > 0 ta c gi tr ca m l m = 1, m =
1 + 33
2
HT 35. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + 2 (1). Tm im M thuc ng thng d : y = 3x 2 sao tng

khong cch t M ti hai im cc tr nh nht.
Gii
Cc im cc tr l: A(0; 2), B(2; 2).
Xt biu thc g (x , y ) = 3x y 2 ta c:
g (x A, yA ) = 3x A yA 2 = 4 < 0; g(x B , yB ) = 3x B yB 2 = 6 > 0
2 im cc i v cc tiu nm v hai pha ca ng thng d: y = 3x 2 .

Do MA + MB nh nht 3 im A, M, B thng hng M l giao im ca d v AB.
Phng trnh ng thng AB: y = 2x + 2
y = 3x 2
x =
Ta im M l nghim ca h:

y = 2x + 2
y =
5 M 4 ; 2
5 5
2
5
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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HT 36. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx 2 + 3(m 2 1)x m 3 + m
(1). Tm m hm s (1) c cc tr
ng thi khong cch t im cc i ca th hm s n gc ta O bng
2 ln khong
cch t im cc tiu ca th hm s n gc ta O.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
Ta c
y = 3x 2 6mx + 3(m 2 1)
Hm s (1) c cc tr th PT y = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit

x 2 2mx + m 2 1 = 0 c 2 nhim phn bit = 1 > 0, m
Khi : im cc i A(m 1;2 2m ) v im cc tiu B (m + 1; 2 2m )

m = 3 + 2 2
Ta c OA = 2OB m + 6m + 1 = 0
.
m = 3 2 2
HT 37. Cho hm s y = x 3 3(m + 1)x 2 + 3m(m + 2)x 2 + m (C ) .Tm m th hm s (C)

c cc tr ng thi khong cch t im cc i ca th hm s (C) ti trc Ox bng khong
cch t im cc tiu ca th hm s (C) ti trc Oy.
Gii
x = m
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 + 6(m + 1)x + 3m(m + 2); y ' = 0
x = m + 2
Hm s c cc tr vi mi m . Hai im cc tr ca th hm s (C) l:
A(m; m 3 + 3m 2 + m 2), B(m + 2; m 3 + 3m 2 + m 6)

Ta c hm s l hm bc ba vi h s a = 1 > 0 im cc i nh hn im cc tiu.
Vy A l im cc i, B l im cc tiu.
Ta c: d(A;Ox ) = m 3 + 3m + m 2 , d(B,Oy ) = m + 2
m
m
Theo gi thit ta c: m 3 + 3m + m 2 = m + 2
m
m
= 2
= 1
=1
=0
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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HT 38. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 mx + 2 c th l (Cm). Tm m (Cm) c cc im cc i,

cc tiu v ng thng i qua cc im cc tr song song vi ng thng d : y = 4x + 3 .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 6x m .
' = 9 + 3m > 0 m > 3 (*)

1
2m
1
m
+ 2 x + 2
3
3
3
3
2m
2m
m
m
+ 2 x1 + 2 ; y2 = y (x 2 ) =
+ 2 x 2 + 2
y1 = y (x1 ) =
3
3
3
2m
m
+ 2 x + 2
Phng trnh ng thng i qua 2 im cc tr l d: y =
3
3
ng thng i qua cc im cc tr song song vi d: y = 4x + 3
2m
+ 2 = 4

3

m = 3 (tha mn)
m
2 3
3
HT 39. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 mx + 2 c th l (Cm). Tm m (Cm) c cc im cc i,

cc tiu v ng thng i qua cc im cc tr to vi ng thng d : x + 4y 5 = 0 mt gc
450 .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 6x m .
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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' = 9 + 3m > 0 m > 3 (*)

1
2m
1
m
+ 2 x + 2
3
3
3
3
2m
2m
m
m
+ 2 x1 + 2 ; y2 = y (x 2 ) =
+ 2 x 2 + 2
y1 = y (x1 ) =
3
3
3
2m
m
+ 2 x + 2
Phng trnh ng thng i qua 2 im cc tr l : y =
3
3
2m
1
+ 2 . ng thng d: x + 4y 5 = 0 c h s gc bng .
t k =
3
4
1
k + 1 = 1 1 k
k = 3
m = 39
4
4
4
5
10
Ta c: tan 45 =
1
1
5
1
k + = 1 + k
k =
m = 1
1 k
4
4
3
2
4
k+
Kt hp iu kin (*), suy ra gi tr m cn tm l: m =
1
2
HT 40. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 + m (1). Xc nh m th ca hm s (1) c hai im cc tr

A, B sao cho AOB = 1200 .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
x = 2 y = m + 4
Ta c: y = 3x 2 + 6x ; y = 0
x = 0 y = m
Vy hm s c hai im cc tr A(0 ; m) v B(2 ; m + 4)

OA = (0; m ), OB = (2; m + 4) . AOB = 1200 th cos AOB =
m(m + 4)
m 2 (4 + (m + 4)2 )
1
2
4 < m < 0
1
m 2 (4 + (m + 4)2 ) = 2m(m + 4) 2
3m + 24m + 44 = 0
2
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4 < m < 0
12 + 2 3
m=
12
2
3
m =
3
3
HT 41. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx 2 + 3(m 2 1)x m 3 + 4m 1 (1), m l tham s thc. Tm cc gi

tr ca m th hm s (1) c hai im cc tr A, B sao cho tam gic OAB vung ti O, vi O
l gc ta .
Gii
Ta c: y ' = 3(x 2 2mx + m 3 1). Hm s c cc tr khi v ch khi phng trnh y ' = 0 c hai
nghim phn bit. y' ' > 0 m
x = m + 1
y ' = 0
Hai im cc tr: A(m 1; m + 1), B(m + 1; m 3)
x = m 1
OA = (m 1; m + 1),OB = (m + 1; m 3).
=0
OAB vung ti O khi O, A, B phn bit v OAOB
.
m = 1
2(m 2 m 2) = 0
m = 2
HT 42. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx 2 + 3(m 2 1)x m 3 (Cm). Chng minh rng (Cm) lun c im
cc i v im cc tiu ln lt chy trn mi ng thng c nh.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
x = m + 1
y = 3x 2 6mx + 3(m 2 1) ; y = 0
x = m 1
x = 1 + t
im cc i M (m 1;2 3m ) chy trn ng thng c nh:
y = 2 3t
x = 1 + t
im cc tiu N (m + 1; 2 m ) chy trn ng thng c nh:
y = 2 3t
HT 43. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3(m + 1)x 2 + 3m(m + 2)x + m 3 + 3m 2 . Chng minh rng vi mi m

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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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hm s lun c 2 cc tr v khong cch gia hai im ny khng ph thuc vo v tr ca m.

Gii
x = 2 m
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 + 6(m + 1)x + 6m(m + 2); y ' = 0
x = m
Hm s ng bin trn cc khong (-;-2 - m) v (-m;+), nghch bin trn khong (-2 - m;-m)
v xCD = 2 m; yCD = 4; xCT = m; yCT = 0
Khi , khong cch gia hai im cc tr l: (2 m + m )2 + (4 0)2 = 2 5
iu phi chng minh.
HT 44. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 mx + 2 (1) vi m l tham s thc. nh m hm s (1) c

cc tr, ng thi ng thng i qua hai im cc tr ca th hm s to vi hai trc ta
mt tam gic cn.
Gii
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 6x m
Hm s c cc tr khi v ch khi y = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit
' = 9 + 3m > 0 m > 3 (1)

Ly y chia cho y ta c:
y = x 3 3x 2 mx + 2 =
1
2m
m
(x 1).y '+ (
2)x + 2
3
3
3
ng thng qua hai im cc tr ca th hm s c phng trnh

y = (
m
2m
2)x + 2
3
3
m 6
6 m
; 0, B 0;
ng thng ny ct 2 trc Ox v Oy ln lt tai A
3
2(m + 3)
Tam gic OAB cn khi v ch khi OA = OB
m 6
6 m
=
2(m + 3)
3
9
3
m = 6; m = ; m =
2
2
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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Vi m = 6 th A B O do so vi iu kin ta nhn m =
HT 45. Cho hm s y =
3
2
1 3 1
x (m 1)x 2 + (m 2)x + 1. Tm m th hm s c hai im
3
2
7
cc tr A, B ng thi cc im cc tr to vi hai im D 3; v gc ta O to thnh hnh
2
bnh hnh OADB .
Gii
x = 1
Ta c: y ' = x 2 (m + 1)x + m 2, y ' = 0
x = m 2
Hm s c cc tr y ' = 0 c hai nghim phn bit m 2 1 m 3
Ta c OADB l hnh bnh hnh nn trung im ca AB cng chnh l trung im ca OD.

x + x
x
A
B
= D
2
2
T , ta c h:
yA + yB
yD
=
2
2
Gi s: x A = 1, x B = m 2. T phng u tin ca h ta c: m 1 = 3 m = 4.
11 5
Vi m = 4 ta c: A A 1; ; B 2;
6 3
Thay vo phng trnh th hai ca h ta thy tha mn.
Kt hp iu kin m 3 ta i n kt lun: m = 4 l gi tr cn tm.
HT 46. Cho hm s y = f (x ) = x 4 + 2(m 2)x 2 + m 2 5m + 5 (C m ) . Tm cc gi tr ca m

th (C m ) ca hm s c cc im cc i, cc tiu to thnh 1 tam gic vung cn.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
x = 0
3
Ta c f (x ) = 4x + 4(m 2)x = 0 2
x = 2 m
Hm s c C, CT PT f (x ) = 0 c 3 nghim phn bit m < 2
(*)
Khi to cc im cc tr l: A (0; m 2 5m + 5), B ( 2 m ;1 m ), C ( 2 m ;1 m )

AB = ( 2 m ; m 2 + 4m 4), AC = ( 2 m ; m 2 + 4m 4)
Page 30
GV.Lu Huy Thng
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Do ABC lun cn ti A, nn bi ton tho mn khi ABC vung ti A

3
AB.AC = 0 (m 2) = 1 m = 1
(tho (*))
HT 47. Cho hm s y = x 4 + 2(m 2)x 2 + m 2 5m + 5
(C m ).
Vi nhng gi tr no ca m
th th (Cm) c im cc i v im cc tiu, ng thi cc im cc i v im cc tiu lp

thnh mt tam gic u.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
x = 0
Ta c f (x ) = 4x 3 + 4(m 2)x = 0 2
x = 2 m
Hm s c C, CT PT f (x ) = 0 c 3 nghim phn bit m < 2
(*)
Khi to cc im cc tr l: A (0; m 2 5m + 5), B ( 2 m ;1 m ), C ( 2 m ;1 m )

AB = ( 2 m ; m 2 + 4m 4), AC = ( 2 m ; m 2 + 4m 4)
Do ABC lun cn ti A, nn bi ton tho mn khi A = 600 cos A =
AB.AC
AB . AC
1
2
1
m = 2 3 3.
2
Cu hi tng t i vi hm s: y = x 4 4(m 1)x 2 + 2m 1
HT 48. Cho hm s y = x 4 + 2mx 2 + m 2 + m c th (Cm) . Vi nhng gi tr no ca m th

th (Cm) c ba im cc tr, ng thi ba im cc tr lp thnh mt tam gic c mt gc bng
1200 .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
x = 0
Ta c y = 4x 3 + 4mx ; y = 0 4x (x 2 + m ) = 0
(m < 0)
x = m
Khi cc im cc tr l: A(0; m 2 + m ), B ( m ; m ), C ( m ; m )
Page 31
GV.Lu Huy Thng
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AB = ( m ; m 2 ) ; AC = ( m ; m 2 ) . ABC cn ti A nn gc 120 chnh l A .
A = 120 cos A =
1
AB.AC
1
m . m + m 4
1
=
=
2
2
2
m4 m
AB . AC
m + m4
1
4
= 2m + 2m 4 = m m 4 3m 4 + m = 0
2
m m
Vy m =
1
3
m = 0
(loai )
m = 3
3
HT 49. Cho hm s y = x 4 2mx 2 + m 1 c th (Cm) . Vi nhng gi tr no ca m th th

(Cm) c ba im cc tr, ng thi ba im cc tr lp thnh mt tam gic c bn knh ng
trn ngoi tip bng 1 .
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
x = 0
Ta c y = 4x 3 4mx = 4x (x 2 m ) = 0 2
x = m
Hm s cho c ba im cc tr PT y = 0 c ba nghim phn bit v y i du khi x i
qua cc nghim m > 0 . Khi ba im cc tr ca th (Cm) l:
A(0; m 1), B ( m ; m 2 + m 1), C ( m ; m 2 + m 1)
SABC =
1
y yA . xC x B = m 2 m ; AB = AC = m 4 + m , BC = 2 m
2 B
AB.AC .BC
(m 4 + m )2 m
R=
=1
= 1 m 3 2m + 1 = 0
2
4SABC
4m m
m = 1
m = 5 1
Cu hi tng t:
a) y = x 4 2mx 2 + 1
S: m = 1, m =
1 + 5
2
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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HT 50. Cho hm s y = x 4 2mx 2 + 2m + m 4 c th (Cm) . Vi nhng gi tr no ca m th

th (Cm) c ba im cc tr, ng thi ba im cc tr lp thnh mt tam gic c din tch
bng 4.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
x = 0
Ta c y ' = 4x 4mx = 0
2
g(x ) = x m = 0
3
Hm s c 3 cc tr y ' = 0 c 3 nghim phn bit g = m > 0 m > 0
(*)
Vi iu kin (*), phng trnh y = 0 c 3 nghim x 1 = m ; x 2 = 0; x 3 = m . Hm s t

cc tr ti x1; x 2 ; x 3 . Gi A(0;2m + m 4 ); B ( m ; m 4 m 2 + 2m );C ( m ; m 4 m 2 + 2m ) l 3
im cc tr ca (Cm) .
Ta c: AB 2 = AC 2 = m 4 + m; BC 2 = 4m ABC cn nh A
Gi M l trung im ca BC M (0; m 4 m 2 + 2m ) AM = m 2 = m 2
V ABC cn ti A nn AM cng l ng cao, do :
5
S ABC =
1
1
AM .BC = .m 2 . 4m = 4 m 2 = 4 m 5 = 16 m = 5 16
2
2
Vy m = 5 16 .
Cu hi tng t:
a) y = x 4 2m 2x 2 + 1 , S = 32 S: m = 2
HT 51. Cho hm s x 4 2mx 2 + 2 c th (C m ) . Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m th
3 9
(C m ) c ba im cc tr to thnh mt tam gic c ng trn ngoi tip i qua im D ;
5 5
Gii
x = 0
(m > 0) Vy cc im thuc ng trn (P) ngoi tip cc im
y ' = 4x 3 4mx = 0
x = m
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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3 9
cc tr l: A (0;2); B( m ; m 2 + 2);C ( m ; m 2 + 2); D ; . Gi I(x;y) l tm ng trn (P)
5 5
3x y + 1 = 0
IA2 = ID 2
x = 0
2
2
y = 1
IB = IC 2x m = 2x m
IB 2 = IA2
(x + m )2 + (y + m 2 2)2 = x 2 + (y 2)2
m = 0(l )
m = 1(t / m )
Kt lun: m = 1
Page 34
GV.Lu Huy Thng
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PHN 3: S TNG GIAO

HT 52. Cho hm s y = x 3 6x 2 + 9x 6 c th l (C). nh m ng thng
(d ) : y = mx 2m 4 ct th (C) ti ba im phn bit.
Gii
PT honh giao im ca (C) v (d): x 3 6x 2 + 9x 6 = mx 2m 4
x = 2
(x 2)(x 4x + 1 m ) = 0
2
g(x ) = x 4x + 1 m = 0
2
(d) ct (C) ti ba im phn bit PT g (x ) = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit khc 2 m > 3
HT 53. Cho hm s y = x 3 3m 2x 2m (Cm). Tm m (Cm) v trc honh c ng 2 im chung

phn bit.
Gii
x = 0
Ta c: y ' = 3x 6mx y ' = 0
x = 2m
2
y co C, CT
(Cm) v Ox c ng 2 im chung phn bit
yC = 0 hoac yCT = 0
Hm s c cc i, cc tiu 2m 0 m 0
x = 0
Ta c: yCD .yCT = 0 2m(8m 3 6m 3 2m ) = 0
x = 1
Kt hp iu kin ta c: m = 1
HT 54. Cho hm s y = 2x 3 + 6x 2 + 1 . Tm m ng thng y = mx + 1 ct (C) ti 3 im phn

bit A, B, C sao cho A(0;1) v B l trung im ca AC.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca ng thng y = mx + 1 vi th (C):
x = 0
2x + 6x + 1 = mx + 1 x (2x 6x + m ) = 0 2
2x 6x + m = 0
3
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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Vi x = 0 y = 1 A(0;1)
ng thng y = mx + 1 ct (C) ti ba im phn bit A, B, C
2x 2 6x + m = 0 c hai nghim phn bit x1 , x 2 khc 0
' > 0
9 2m > 0
m < 9
2
m 0
m 0
m 0
Khi : B(x1; mx1 + 1);C (x 2 ; mx 2 + 1). V trung im ca AC nn x 2 = 2x 1 (1)

x + x = 3
1
2
M x1 , x 2 l nghim ca phng trnh: 2x 6x + m = 0 nn
x x = m
1 2
2
2
(2)
T (1) v (2) m = 4
HT 55. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx 2 + 3(m 2 1)x (m 2 1) ( m l tham s)
(1). Tm cc gi tr
ca m th hm s (1) ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit c honh dng.

THS (1) ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit c honh dng, ta phi c:
(1) co 2 cc tr
y .y < 0
C CT
(*)
xC > 0, xCT > 0
a.y(0) < 0
Trong : + y = x 3 3mx 2 + 3(m 2 1)x (m 2 1) y = 3x 2 6mx + 3(m 2 1)

+
= m 2 m 2 + 1 = 0 > 0, m
x = m 1 = x
C
+ y = 0
x
m
1
x
=
+
=
CT
m 1 > 0
m + 1 > 0
Suy ra: (*) 2
3 <m <1+ 2
2
2
(m 1)(m 3)(m 2m 1) < 0
(m 2 1) < 0
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GV.Lu Huy Thng

HT 56. Cho hm s y =
0968.393.899
1 3
2
x mx 2 x + m + co oQ thi(C m ) . Tm m eU (C m ) caV t trc hoa nh ta
i3
3
3
ieU m pha n bie

t co toU ng bn
h phng ca c hoa nh oln hn 15.
Gii
YCBT
1 3
2
x mx 2 x + m + = 0 (*) co 3 nghie
m pha n bie
t tho
a x 12 + x 22 + x 32 > 15 .
3
3
x = 1
Ta c: (*) (x 1)(x 2 + (1 3m)x 2 3m) = 0
2
g(x ) = x + (1 3m )x 2 3m = 0
Do : YCBT g (x ) = 0 co 2 nghie
m x 1, x 2 pha n bie
t kha c 1 va tho
a x 12 + x 22 > 14 .
m >1
Cu hi tng t i vi hm s: y = x 3 3mx 2 3x + 3m + 2
HT 57. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 9x + m , trong m l tham s thc. Tm tt c cc gi tr ca

tham s m th hm s cho ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit c honh lp thnh
cp s cng.
Gii
th hm s ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit c honh lp thnh cp s cng
Phng trnh x 3 3x 2 9x + m = 0 c 3 nghim phn bit lp thnh cp s cng
Phng trnh x 3 3x 2 9x = m c 3 nghim phn bit lp thnh cp s cng
ng thng y = m i qua im un ca th (C)
m = 11 m = 11.
HT 58. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx 2 + 9x 7 c th (Cm), trong m l tham s thc. Tm m

(Cm) ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit c honh lp thnh cp s cng.
Gii
Honh cc giao im l nghim ca phng trnh: x 3 3mx 2 + 9x 7 = 0 (1)
Gi honh cc giao im ln lt l x1; x 2 ; x 3 ta c: x1 + x 2 + x 3 = 3m
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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x1; x 2 ; x 3 lp thnh cp s cng th x 2 = m l nghim ca phng trnh (1)
m = 1
1 + 15
2m 3 + 9m 7 = 0 m =
2
1
15
m =
Th li ta c m =
1 15
l gi tr cn tm.
2
HT 59. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx 2 mx c th (Cm), trong m l tham s thc. Tm m

(Cm) ct ng thng d : y = x + 2 ti 3 im phn bit c honh lp thnh cp s nhn.
Gii
Xt phng trnh honh giao im ca (Cm) v d:
x 3 3mx 2 mx = x + 2 g (x ) = x 3 3mx 2 (m + 1) x 2 = 0
k cn: Gi s (C) ct d ti 3 im phn bit c honh x1; x 2 ; x 3 ln lt lp thnh cp s
nhn. Khi ta c: g (x ) = (x x 1 )(x x 2 )(x x 3 )
x + x + x = 3m
1
2
3
Suy ra: x1x 2 + x 2x 3 + x1x 3 = m 1
x1x 2x 3 = 2
V x 1x 3 = x 22 x 23 = 2 x 2 = 3 2 nn ta c: m 1 = 4 + 3 2.3m m =
k : Vi m =
Vy m =
5
33 2 + 1
5
3
3 2 +1
, thay vo tnh nghim thy tha mn.
5
33 2 + 1
HT 60. Cho hm s: y = 2x 3 3x 2 + 1 (1) . Tm trn (C) nhng im M sao cho tip tuyn ca (C)
ti M ct trc tung ti im c tung bng 8.
Gii
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
0968.393.899
Gi s M (x0; y0) (C) y0 = 2x03 - 3x02 + 1

Ta c : y ' = 3x 2 6x
Tip tuyn ( ) ca (C) ti M:
y = (6x02 - 6x0) (x - x0) + 2x03 - 3x02 + 1
( ) i qua im P(0 ; 8) 8 = -4x03 + 3x02 + 1
(x0 + 1) (4x02 - 7x0 + 7) = 0
x0 = -1 ; (4x02 - 7x0 + 7 > 0, x0)
Vy, c duy nht im M (-1 ; -4) cn tm.
HT 61. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 2mx 2 + (m + 3)x + 4 c th l (Cm) (m l tham s). Cho ng

thng (d): y = x + 4 v im K(1; 3). Tm cc gi tr ca m (d) ct (Cm) ti ba im phn bit
A(0; 4), B, C sao cho tam gic KBC c din tch bng 8 2 .
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (Cm) v d l:
x 3 + 2mx 2 + (m + 3)x + 4 = x + 4 x (x 2 + 2mx + m + 2) = 0

x = 0 (y = 4)
2
g(x ) = x + 2mx + m + 2 = 0 (1)
(d) ct (Cm) ti ba im phn bit A(0; 4), B, C (2) c 2 nghim phn bit khc 0.
/ = m 2 m 2 > 0
m 1 m 2

m 2
g(0) = m + 2 0
(*)
Khi : x B + xC = 2m; x B .xC = m + 2 .
Mt khc: d(K , d ) =
1 3 + 4
= 2 . Do :
2
S KBC = 8 2
1
BC .d (K , d ) = 8 2 BC = 16 BC 2 = 256
2
(x B xC )2 + (yB yC )2 = 256 (x B xC )2 + ((x B + 4) (xC + 4))2 = 256

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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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2(x B xC )2 = 256 (x B + xC )2 4x B xC = 128
4m 2 4(m + 2) = 128 m 2 m 34 = 0 m =
Vy m =
1 137
(tha (*)).
2
1 137
.
2
HT 62. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + 4 c th l (C). Gi dk l ng thng i qua im A(1; 0)

vi h s gc k (k ) . Tm k ng thng dk ct th (C) ti ba im phn bit A, B, C v
2 giao im B, C cng vi gc to O to thnh mt tam gic c din tch bng 1 .
Gii
Ta c: dk : y = kx + k kx y + k = 0
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (Cm) v d l:
x 3 3x 2 + 4 = kx + k (x + 1) (x 2)2 k = 0 x = 1 hoc (x 2)2 = k
k > 0
dk ct (C) ti 3 im phn bit
k 9
Khi cc giao im l A(1; 0), B (2 k ; 3k k k ),C (2 + k ; 3k + k k ) .

BC = 2 k 1 + k 2 , d (O, BC ) = d (O, dk ) =
S OBC =
k
1 + k2
1
k
.
.2 k . 1 + k 2 = 1 k k = 1 k 3 = 1 k = 1
2
2 1+k
HT 63. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + 2 c th l (C). Gi E l tm i xng ca th (C). Vit

phng trnh ng thng qua E v ct (C) ti ba im E, A, B phn bit sao cho din tch tam
gic OAB bng
2.
Gii
Ta c: E(1; 0). PT ng thng qua E c dng y = k (x 1) .
PT honh giao im ca (C) v : (x 1)(x 2 2x 2 k ) = 0
ct (C) ti 3 im phn bit PT x 2 2x 2 k = 0 c hai nghim phn bit khc 1
Page 40
GV.Lu Huy Thng
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k > 3
S OAB
1
= d (O, ).AB = k
2
k +3 k
k = 1
k + 3 = 2
k = 1 3
Vy c 3 ng thng tho YCBT: y = x + 1; y = (1 3 )(x 1) .
HT 64. Cho hm s y =
4 3
1
x (2m + 1)x 2 + (m + 2)x + c th (C m ), m l tham s. Gi A l
3
3
giao im ca (C m ) vi trc tung. Tm m sao cho tip tuyn ca (C m ) ti A to vi hai trc ta

mt tam gic c din tch bng
1
.
3
Gii
1
Ta c: A 0; v y ' = 4x 2 2(2m + 1)x + m + 2. Suy ra y '(0) = m + 2
3
1
; 0
Tip tuyn ca th ti A l d : y = (m + 2)x + . ng thng d ct Ox ti B
3
3m + 6
Khi din tch tam gic to bi d vi hai trc ta l:
1
1 1
1
1
S = OAOB
.
= . .
=
2
2 3 3m + 6 18 m + 2
m = 13
1
1
1
6
Theo gi thit ta c:
= m +2 =
3
6
18 m + 2
m = 11
HT 65. Cho hm s y = x 3 + mx + 2
c th (Cm). Tm m th (Cm) ct trc honh ti mt
im duy nht.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (Cm) vi trc honh:
x 3 + mx + 2 = 0 m = x 2
Xt hm s: f (x ) = x 2
2
(x 0)
x
2
2
2x 3 + 2
f '(x ) = 2x + 2 =
x
x
x2
Ta c bng bin thin:

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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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f (x)
f (x)
+
+
th (Cm) ct trc honh ti mt im duy nht m > 3 .
HT 66. Cho hm s y = 2x 3 3(m + 1)x 2 + 6mx 2 c th (Cm). Tm m th (Cm) ct trc

honh ti mt im duy nht.
Gii
Tp xc nh: D =
y ' = 6x 2 6(m + 1)x + 6m
'y ' = 9(m + 1)2 36m = 9(m 1)2

Th1: m = 1 hm s ng bin trn th hm s ct trc honh ti 1 im duy nht.
m = 1(tha mn)
Th2: m 1 Hm s c cc i v cc tiu. Gi x1 , x 2 l cc im cc tr ca hm s
x1 , x 2 l cc nghim ca phng trnh y = 0
x + x = m + 1
1
2
Theo Viet ta c:
x 1.x 2 = m
x m +1
Ly y chia cho y ta c: y = (
)y ' (m 1)2 x 2 + m(m + 1)
3
6
Phng trnh i qua im cc i v cc tiu ca hm s
y = (m 1)2 x 2 + m(m + 1)
hm s ct trc honh ti 1 im duy nht yCD .yCT < 0
Page 42
GV.Lu Huy Thng
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[ (m 1)2 x 1 2 + m(m + 1)][ (m 1)2 x 2 2 + m(m + 1)]> 0

(m 1)4 x1x 2 (m 1)2 (m 2 + m 2)(x1 + x 2 ) + (m 2 + m 2)2 > 0
(m 1)4 m (m 1)2 (m 2 + m 2)(m + 1) + (m 2 + m 2)2 > 0
(m 1)2 [(m 1)2 m (m 2 + m 2)(m + 1) + (m + 2)2 ] > 0
m 3 2m 2 + m m 3 2m 2 + m + 2 + m 2 + 4m + 4 > 0(V m 1)
m 2 2m 2 < 0
1 3 < m < 1+ 3
Kt lun: 1 3 < m < 1 + 3
HT 67. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + 1 . Tm m ng thng (): y = (2m 1)x 4m 1 ct th

(C) ti ng hai im phn bit.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao ca (C) v (): x 3 3x 2 (2m 1)x + 4m + 2 = 0
x = 2
(x 2)(x x 2m 1) = 0
2
f (x ) = x x 2m 1 = 0
2
(1)
2 x = x
1
2
() ct (C) ti ng 2 im phn bit (1) phi c nghim x 1, x 2 tha mn:
x
=
2
x
2
1
= 0
8m + 5 = 0
b
1
m = 5
2
2
8

2a
2
1
> 0
8m + 5 > 0
m =
f (2) = 0
2m + 1 = 0
Vy: m =
5
1
;m= .
8
2
HT 68. Cho hm s y = x 3 6x 2 + 9x (1). Tm m ng thng (d): y = mx ct (C) ti ba im O

(0;0), A v B. Chng t rng khi m thay i, trung im I ca on AB lun nm trn mt ng
thng song song vi Oy.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca ng thng (d) vi th (C) l:
Page 43
GV.Lu Huy Thng
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x = 0
x 3 6x 2 + 9x = mx (1) 2
x 6x + 9 m = 0 (2)
(d) ct (C) ti 3 im phn bit O(0;0), A, B

(1) c 3 nghim phn bit (2) c 2 nghim phn bit khc x 0
' > 0
0 < m 9 (*)
9 m 0
Vi iu kin (*), A, B l 2 im c honh ln lt l x A; x B l 2 nghim ca phng trnh

(2)
I l trung im ca on thng AB nn honh I: x I =
xA + xB
2
=3
I c phng trnh l x = 3, song song vi Oy khi m thay i (0 < m 9)
HT 69. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx 2 + (m 1)x + m + 1 c th l (C m ) . Tm tt c cc gi tr ca

m d: y = 2x m 1 ct th (C m ) ti ba im phn bit c honh ln hn hoc bng 1.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C m ) vi ng thng (d):
x 3 3mx 2 + (m 1)x + m + 1 = 2x m 1
x 3 3mx 2 + (m 3)x + 2m + 2 = 0
(x 1) x 2 + (1 3m )x 2m 2 = 0 (1)
x = 1
2
x + (1 3m )x 2m 2 = 0 (2)
(C m ) ct (d) ti 3 im phn bit c honh ln hn hoc bng 1

(1) c 3 nghim phn bit ln hn hoc bng 1
(2) c hai nghim phn bit ln hn 1.
Xt phng trnh (2); Ta c: = (1 3m )2 + 8m + 8 = 9m 2 + 2m + 9 > 0, m

m (2) lun c 2 nghim phn bit x1; x 2
(1) c 2 nghim ln hn 1 1 < x 1 < x 2 0 < x1 1 < x 2 1
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t t = x - 1 x = t + 1 (2) (t + 1)2 + (1 3m )(t + 1) 2m 2 = 0

t 2 + 3(1 m )t 5m = 0 (3)
(2) c 2 nghim tha mn: 1 < x 1 < x 2 (3) c 2 nghim dng phn bit:
> 0
S = 3(m 1) > 0 vn
p = 5m > 0
Kt lun: khng c gi tr m
HT 70. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x + 2 (C). Vit phng trnh ng thng ct th (C) ti 3 im

phn bit A, B, C sao cho x A = 2 v BC = 2 2
Gii
Vi x A = 2 yA = 4 Phng trnh ng thng (d) i qua im A(2;4) l:
y = k (x x A ) + yA d : y = k (x 2) + 4
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) vi ng thng (d)
x 3 3x + 2 = k (x 2) + 4 (x 2)(x 2 + 2x k + 1) = 0
x = 2

2
g(x ) = x + 2x k + 1
' > 0
k > 0
iu kin c BC:

k 9
g (2) 0
Khi . Ta ca B(x1; y1 );C (x 2 ; y2 ) tha mn h phng trnh:
2
x + 2x k + 1 = 0
y = kx 2k + 4
Ta c:
(1)
(2)
(1) x 2 x1 = 2 ' = 2 k
(2) y2 y1 = k (x 2 x1 = 2k k
Theo gi thit ta c: BC = 2 2
4k + 4k 3 = 2 2 4k 3 + 4k 8 = 0 k = 1
Vy: d : y = x + 2
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HT 71. Cho hm s y = 4x 3 6mx 2 + 1 (C), m l tham s. Tm m ng thng d : y = x + 1

ct th hm s ti 3 im A(0;1), B, C vi B, C i xng nhau qua ng phn gic th nht.
Gii
Giao ca (C) v (d) c honh l nghim ca phng trnh:
4x 3 6mx 2 + 1 = x + 1 x (4x 2 6mx + 1) = 0

phng trnh c 3 nghim phn bit th 4x 2 6mx + 1 = 0 c hai nghim phn bit.
' = 9m 2 4 > 0 m >
2
2
;m <
3
3
Gi B(x 1; x1 + 1),C (x 2 ; x 2 + 1) B, C i xng qua ng phn gic th nht th:

x = y
x = x + 1
3
2
1
2
1
2
x1 + x 2 = 1 m = 1 m =
y1 = x 2
x 2 = x1 + 1
2
3
So snh iu kin ta thy khng c gi tr m tha mn.

HT 72. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 + mx + 1 (m l tham s) (1). Tm m ng thng d : y = 1 ct
th hm s (1) ti ba im phn bit A(0; 1), B, C sao cho cc tip tuyn ca th hm s (1)
ti B v C vung gc vi nhau.
Gii
PT honh giao im ca (1) v d: x 3 + 3x 2 + mx + 1 = 1 x (x 2 + 3x + m ) = 0
d ct (1) ti 3 im phn bit A(0; 1), B, C m <
9
,m0
4
Khi : x B , xC l cc nghim ca PT: x 2 + 3x + m = 0 x B + xC = 3; x B .xC = m

H s gc ca tip tuyn ti B l k1 = 3x B2 + 6x B + m v ti C l k2 = 3xC2 + 6xC + m
Tip tuyn ca (C) ti B v C vung gc vi nhau k1.k2 = 1 4m 2 9m + 1 = 0
m=
9 65
9 + 65
m=
8
8
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HT 73. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x + 1 c th (C) v ng thng (d): y = mx + m + 3 . Tm m

(d) ct (C) ti M(1; 3), N, P sao cho tip tuyn ca (C) ti N v P vung gc vi nhau.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) v (d): x 3 (m + 3)x m 2 = 0
x = 1 (y = 3)
(x + 1)(x x m 2) = 0
2
g(x ) = x x m 2 = 0
2
9
d ct (1) ti 3 im phn bit M(1; 3), N, P m > , m 0
4
Khi : x N , x P l cc nghim ca PT: x 2 x m 2 = 0 x N + x P = 1; x N .x P = m 2

H s gc ca tip tuyn ti N l k1 = 3x N2 3 v ti P l k2 = 3x P2 3
Tip tuyn ca (C) ti N v P vung gc vi nhau k1.k2 = 1 9m 2 + 18m + 1 = 0
m=
3 + 2 2
3 2 2
m=
3
3
HT 74. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + 4 (C). Gi (d) l ng thng i qua im A(2; 0) c h s gc

k. Tm k (d) ct (C) ti ba im phn bit A, M, N sao cho hai tip tuyn ca (C) ti M v N
vung gc vi nhau.
Gii
PT ng thng (d): y = k (x 2)
+ PT honh giao im ca (C) v (d): x 3 3x 2 + 4 = k (x 2)
x = 2 = x
A
(x 2)(x 2 x 2 k ) = 0
2
g(x ) = x x 2 k = 0
+ (d) ct (C) ti 3 im phn bit A, M, N PT g (x ) = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit, khc 2
> 0
9
<k 0
f (2) 0
4
(*)
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x + x = 1
N
+ Theo nh l Viet ta c: M
x M x N = k 2
+ Cc tip tuyn ti M v N vung gc vi nhau y (x M ).y (x N ) = 1

2
(3x M
6x M )(3x N2 6x N ) = 1 9k 2 + 18k + 1 = 0 k =
HT 75. Cho hm s
y = x 3 3x
3 2 2
3
(tho (*))
(C). Chng minh rng khi m thay i, ng thng (d):
y = m(x + 1) + 2 lun ct th (C) ti mt im M c nh v xc nh cc gi tr ca m (d)
ct (C) ti 3 im phn bit M, N, P sao cho tip tuyn ca (C) ti N v P vung gc vi nhau.
Gii
x + 1 = 0
PT honh giao im (x + 1)(x 2 x 2 m ) = 0 (1) 2
x x 2 m = 0 (2)
(1) lun c 1 nghim x = 1 ( y = 2 ) (d) lun ct (C) ti im M(1; 2).
m >
(d) ct (C) ti 3 im phn bit (2) c 2 nghim phn bit, khc 1
4
m 0
Tip tuyn ti N, P vung gc y '( xN ). y '( xP ) = 1 m =
HT 76. Cho hm s y = x 3 mx + m 1
(*)
3 2 2
(tho (*))
3
(C m ). Tm m tip tuyn ca th hm s cho
ti im x = 1 ct ng trn (C): (x 2)2 + (y 3)2 = 4 theo mt dy cung c di nh

nht.
Gii
Cch 1: Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 m y '(1) = 1 m
Phng tnh tip tuyn ti im c honh x = -1 l:
y = (3 m )x + m + 1 (3 m )x y + m + 1
(d )
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GV.Lu Huy Thng

d I ,(d ) =
0968.393.899
4 m
(3 m )2 + 1
1 + (3 m )
(3 m )2 + 1
2 (3 m )2 + 1
(3 m )2 + 1
= 2
Tip tuyn ct ng trn ti hai im A, B sao cho AB min d(I,(d)) max.

Du = xy ra khi m = 2. Khi , phng trnh tip tuyn l x - y + 3 = 0
Cch 2: Phng trnh tip tuyn ti im x = -1 l: y = (3 - m)x + m + 1
Tip tuyn lun i qua im c nh l M(1;4)
Ta c ng trn c tm I(2;3), bn knh R = 2
IM =
2 < R M nm trong ng trn
Gi H l hnh chiu ca I ln tip tuyn. Gi s tip tuyn ct ng trn theo dy cung AB

AB = 2AH = 2 R 2 IH 2
AB min khi IH max. Tc l H trng vi M. Khi , tip tuyn nhn IM lm vc t php
tuyn
Ta c: IM (-1;1) m = 2. Khi , phng trnh tip tuyn l: y = x + 3
HT 77. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx + 2 (C m ). Tm m ng thng i qua im cc i, cc tiu

ca (C m ) ct ng trn tm I (1;1), bn knh bng 1 ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho din tch
tam gic IAB t gi tr ln nht
Gii
Ta c y ' = 3x 2 3m
hm s c cc i, cc tiu th phng trnh y ' = 0 c hai nghim phn bit m > 0
V y =
1
x .y ' 2mx + 2 nn ng thng i qua cc i, cc tiu ca th hm s c phng
3
trnh l y = 2mx + 2
Ta c d (I , ) =
2m 1
< R = 1 (v m > 0), chng t ng thng lun ct ng trn tm

4m 2 + 1
I(1; 1), bn knh R = 1 ti 2 im A, B phn bit
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Vi m
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1
1
1
1
, ng thng khng i qua I, ta c: S ABI = IA.IB. sin AIB R2 =
2
2
2
2
Nn S IAB t gi tr ln nht bng khi sinAIB = 1 hay tam gic AIB vung cn ti I
IH =
R
2
(H l trung im ca AB)
2m 1
4m 2 + 1
m =
2 3
2
HT 78. Cho hm s y = x 4 mx 2 + m 1 c th l (C m ) nh m th (C m ) ct trc trc

honh ti bn im phn bit.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca th hm s vi trc honh:
x 4 mx 2 + m 1 = 0 (1)
t = 1
t: t = x 2 (t 0) (1) t 2 mt + m 1 = 0
t = m 1
th hm s ct trc honh ti 4 im phn bit

(1) c 4 nghim phn bit
m > 1
0 < m - 1 1
m 2
HT 79. Cho hm s y = x 4 2(m + 1)x 2 + 2m + 1 (C m ). Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m

th hm s cho ct trc honh ti 4 im phn bit A, B,C , D ln lt c honh
x 1, x 2, x 3, x 4 (x1 < x 2 < x 3 < x 4 ) sao cho tam gic ACK c din tch bng 4 bit K (3; 2).
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C m ) vi trc honh:
x 4 2(m + 1)x 2 + 2m + 1 = 0 (1) t: t = x 2 (t 0)
Khi : (1) t 2 2(m + 1)t + 2m + 1 = 0 (2).

th hm s ct trc honh ti 4 im phn bit th phng trnh (1) c 4 nghim phn bit
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Phng trnh (2) c nghim dng phn bit
' = (m + 1)2 (2m + 1) > 0
m 0
S = 2(m + 1) > 0
m > 1
P = 2m + 1 > 0
1
Vi < m 0 th th hm s ct trc honh ti 4 im phn bit c honh theo th t
2
t1 ; t2 ; t2 ; t1 vi t1 > t2
Theo gi thit: S ACK =
1
AC .d (K ; AC ) (3) vi d (K ; AC ) = yK
2
Khi : (3) t1 + t2 = 4 t1 + t2 + 2 t1t2 = 16

Theo Viet ta c: 2(m + 1) + 2 2m + 1 = 16 2m + 1 = 7 m
7 m 0
2
m=4
m 16m + 48 = 0
HT 80. Cho hm s y = x 4 2 (m + 1) x 2 + 2m + 1 c th l (C m ) . nh m th (C m ) ct
trc honh ti 4 im phn bit c honh lp thnh cp s cng.
Gii
Xt phng trnh honh giao im: x 4 2 (m + 1) x 2 + 2m + 1 = 0
(1)
t t = x 2 , t 0 th (1) tr thnh: f (t ) = t 2 2 (m + 1)t + 2m + 1 = 0 .

(Cm) ct Ox ti 4 im phn bit th f (t ) = 0 phi c 2 nghim dng phn bit
' = m 2 > 0
m > 1
S = 2 (m + 1) > 0
2 (*)
m 0
P = 2m + 1 > 0
Vi (*), gi t1 < t2 l 2 nghim ca f (t ) = 0 , khi honh giao im ca (Cm) vi Ox ln lt

l: x 1 = t2 ; x 2 = t1 ; x 3 = t1 ; x 4 = t2
x 1, x 2 , x 3 , x 4 lp thnh cp s cng x 2 x1 = x 3 x 2 = x 4 x 3 t2 = 9t1
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5m = 4m + 4
m = 4
m + 1 + m = 9 m + 1 m 5 m = 4 (m + 1)
5
m
4
m
4
=
+
m = 9
4
Vy m =
4;
9
Cu hi tng t i vi hm s y = x 4 + 2(m + 2)x 2 2m 3 S: m = 3, m =
13
.
9
HT 81. Cho hm s y = x 4 (3m + 2)x 2 + 3m c th l (Cm), m l tham s. Tm m ng

thng y = 1 ct th (Cm) ti 4 im phn bit u c honh nh hn 2.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (Cm) v ng thng y = 1 :
x = 1
x 4 (3m + 2)x 2 + 3m = 1 x 4 (3m + 2)x 2 + 3m + 1 = 0 2
x = 3m + 1 (*)
ng thng y = 1 ct (Cm) ti 4 im phn bit c honh nh hn 2 khi v ch khi phng
trnh (*) c hai nghim phn bit khc 1 v nh hn 2
1
0 < 3m + 1 < 4
< m < 1
3
3m + 1 1
m 0
HT 82. Cho hm s y = x 4 (m 2 + 2)x 2 + m 2 + 1
(Cm ) . Tm cc gi tr ca m (C m ) ct
trc honh ti 4 im phn bit sao cho hnh phng gii hn bi (C m ) vi trc honh phn pha
trn Ox c din tch bng
96
.
15
Gii
C y = x 4 (m 2 + 2)x 2 + m 2 + 1 = (x 2 1)(x 2 m 2 1) .
Phng trnh y = 0 (x 2 1)(x 2 m 2 1) = 0 c 4 nghim phn bit l 1; m 2 + 1 khi
m 0.
Din tch phn hnh phng gii hn bi (C m ) vi trc honh phn pha trn trc honh l:
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1
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S = 2 x 4 (m 2 + 2)x 2 + m 2 + 1 dx =
0
20m 2 + 16 96
=
m = 2
15
15
Vy m = 2 l gi tr cn tm
HT 83. Cho hm s y = x3 3x2 + 3mx + 3m + 4 th l ( Cm). Tm m din tch hnh phng gii
hn bi th ( Cm) v trc honh c phn nm pha trn trc honh bng phn nm pha di
trc honh
Hm s bc 3 nhn im un lm tm i xng
Co hai cc tr
ycbt
iem uon thuoc truc Ox
*Hm s c cc tr khi phng trnh y' = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit <=> 3x2-6x+3m=0 c 2
nghim phn bit <=> ' = 9(1 m ) > 0 m < 1
*y''=6x-6 = 0 <=> x = 1 => y = 6m + 2 => th hm s nhn im U(1; 6m+2) lm im un
im un thuc Ox khi yU = 0 <=> 6m+2 = 0 <=> m =
Vy m =
1
3
1
l gi tr cn tm
3
HT 84. Cho hm s y = x 4 2 (m + 1) x 2 + 2m + 1 c th l (Cm), m l tham s. Tm m th

(Cm) ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit u c honh nh hn 3.
Gii
Xt phng trnh honh giao im: x 4 2 (m + 1) x 2 + 2m + 1 = 0
(1)
t t = x 2 , t 0 th (1) tr thnh: f (t ) = t 2 2 (m + 1)t + 2m + 1 = 0 .

(Cm) ct Ox ti 3 im phn bit c honh nh hn 3
0 = t < t < 3
1
2
f (t ) c 2 nghim phn bit t1, t2 sao cho:
0
<
t
<
3
t2
1
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' = m > 0
' = m 2 > 0
f (3) = 4 4m 0
1
f (0) = 2m + 1 = 0
m = m 1
S = 2 (m + 1) > 0
2
S = 2 (m + 1) < 3
P = 2m + 1 > 0
1
Vy: m = m 1 .
2
HT 85. Cho hm s y = x 4 2m 2x 2 + m 4 + 2m (1), vi m l tham s. Chng minh th hm s

(1) lun ct trc Ox ti t nht hai im phn bit, vi mi m < 0 .
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca th (1) v trc Ox:
x 4 2m 2x 2 + m 4 + 2m = 0
(1)
t t = x 2 (t 0) , (1) tr thnh : t 2 2m 2t + m 4 + 2m = 0
(2)
Ta c : ' = 2m > 0 v S = 2m 2 > 0 vi mi m > 0 . Nn (2) c nghim dng

(1) c t nht 2 nghim phn bit th hm s (1) lun ct trc Ox ti t nht hai im
phn bit.
HT 86. Cho hm s: y = x 4 5x 2 + 4 . Tm tt c cc im M trn th (C) ca hm s sao cho
tip tuyn ca (C) ti M ct (C) ti hai im phn bit khc M.
Gii
Gi M (m; m 4 5m 2 + 4) (C )
Phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti M : y = (4m 3 10m )(x m ) + m 4 5m 2 + 4 (d )
Honh giao im ca (d ) v (C ) l nghim ca phng trnh:
x 4 5x 2 + 4 = (4m 3 10m )(x m ) + m 4 5m 2 + 4 (d )
(x m )2 (x 2 + 2mx + 3m 2 5) = 0 (1)
5 2m 2 > 0
Yu cu bi ton x 2 + 2mx + 3m 2 5 = 0 c hai nghim phn bit khc m 2

6m 5 0
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10 < m < 10
2
2
30
m
6
HT 87. Cho hm s y =
2x + 1
c th l (C). Chng minh rng ng thng d : y = x + m
x +2
lun ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B. Tm m on AB c di nh nht.

Gii
PT honh giao im ca (C) v d:
2x + 1
= x + m
x +2
x 2
f (x ) = x 2 + (4 m )x + 1 2m = 0 (1)
Do (1) c = m 2 + 1 > 0 v f (2) = (2)2 + (4 m ).(2) + 1 2m = 3 0, m

nn ng thng d lun lun ct th (C ) ti hai im phn bit A, B.
Ta c: yA = m x A ; yB = m x B nn AB 2 = (x B x A )2 + (yB yA )2 = 2(m 2 + 12)
Suy ra AB ngn nht AB 2 nh nht m = 0 . Khi : AB = 24 .
Cu hi tng t i vi hm s:
a) y =
x 2
x 1
HT 88. Cho hm s y =
b) y =
S: m = 2
x 1
1
S: m =
2x
2
x 3
(C). Vit phng trnh ng thng d qua im I (1;1) v ct th
x +1
(C) ti hai im M, N sao cho I l trung im ca on MN.

Gii
Phng trnh ng thng d : y = k (x + 1) + 1
d ct (C) ti 2 im phn bit M, N
x 3
= kx + k + 1 c 2 nghim phn bit khc 1 .
x +1
f (x ) = kx 2 + 2kx + k + 4 = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit khc 1
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k 0
= 4k > 0 k < 0
f (1) = 4 0
Mt khc: x M + x N = 2 = 2x I I l trung im MN vi k < 0 .

Kt lun: Phng trnh ng thng cn tm l y = kx + k + 1 vi k < 0 .
HT 89. Cho hm s y =
2x + 4
(C). Gi (d) l ng thng qua A(1; 1) v c h s gc k. Tm k
1x
(d) ct (C) ti hai im M, N sao cho MN = 3 10 .

Phng trnh ng thng (d ) : y = k (x 1) + 1.
Bi ton tr thnh: Tm k h phng trnh sau c hai nghim (x 1; y1 ), (x 2 ; y2 ) phn bit sao
cho (x 2 x 1 ) + (y2 y1 ) = 90
2
2x + 4 = k (x 1) + 1
x + 1
y = k (x 1) + 1
(a)
kx 2 (2k 3)x + k + 3 = 0
(I). Ta c: (I )
y = k (x 1) + 1
(I) c hai nghim phn bit PT kx 2 (2k 3)x + k + 3 = 0 (b) c hai nghim phn bit.
k 0, k <
3
.
8
2
2
Ta bin i (a) tr thnh: (1 + k 2 ) (x 2 x 1 ) = 90 (1 + k 2 ) (x 2 + x 1 ) 4x 2x 1 = 90 (c)
Theo nh l Viet cho (b) ta c: x 1 + x 2 =

trnh:
2k 3
k +3
, x1x 2 =
, th vo (c) ta c phng
k
k
8k 3 + 27k 2 + 8k 3 = 0 (k + 3)(8k 2 + 3k 1) = 0
k = 3; k =
3 + 41
3 41
; k=
.
16
16
Kt lun: Vy c 3 gi tr ca k tho mn nh trn.
HT 90. Cho hm s y =
2x 2
(C). Tm m ng thng (d): y = 2x + m ct (C) ti hai im
x +1
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phn bit A, B sao cho AB = 5 .

Gii
PT honh giao im:
2x 2
= 2x + m 2x 2 + mx + m + 2 = 0 (x 1)
x +1
(1)
d ct (C) ti 2 im phn bit A, B (1) c 2 nghim phn bit x 1, x 2 khc 1

m 2 8m 16 > 0
(2)
x + x = m
1
2
2 . Gi A (x ;2x + m ) , B (x ;2x + m ) .
Khi ta c:
1
1
2
2
m +2
x
x
=
1 2
2
AB2 = 5 (x 1 x 2 )2 + 4(x 1 x 2 )2 = 5 (x 1 + x 2 )2 4 x1x 2 = 1 m 2 8m 20 = 0

m = 10

m = 2
(tho (2))
Vy: m = 10; m = 2 .
HT 91. Cho hm s y =
x 1
x +m
(1). Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m sao cho ng thng (d):
y = x + 2 ct th hm s (1) ti hai im A v B sao cho AB = 2 2 .
Gii
x m
x 1
= x +2 2
PT honh giao im:
x +m
x + (m + 1)x + 2m + 1 = 0
(*)
d ct th hm s (1) ti hai im A, B phn bit (*) c hai nghim phn bit khc m
2
> 0
m < 3 2 3 m > 3 + 2 3
m 6m 3 > 0
x m
m 1
m 1
(**)
x + x = (m + 1)
2
Khi gi x1, x 2 l cc nghim ca (*), ta c 1
x1.x 2 = 2m + 1
Cc giao im ca d v th hm s (1) l A(x 1; x1 + 2), B(x 2 ; x 2 + 2) .
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Suy ra AB 2 = 2(x1 x 2 )2 = 2 (x 1 + x 2 )2 4x1x 2 = 2(m 2 6m 3)
m = 1
Theo gi thit ta c 2(m 2 6m 3) = 8 m 2 6m 7 = 0
m = 7
Kt hp vi iu kin (**) ta c m = 7 l gi tr cn tm.
x +2
(C ). Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m ng thng
2x 2
HT 92. Cho hm s y =
d : y = x + m ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho OA2 + OB 2 =
37
2
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca d v (C) l :
x +2
= x + m g(x ) = 2x 2 + (2m 3)x 2(m + 1) = 0, x 1
2x 2
= 4m 2 + 4m + 25 > 0
m nn d ct (C) ti hai im phn bit vi mi m .

V g
g(1) = 3 0
Gi A(x1; x1 + m ), B(x 2 ; x 2 + m ) l ta giao im ca d v (C).

Theo nh l Viet ta c : x 1 + x 2 =
2m 3
; x1x 2 = (m + 1)
2
Ta c : OA2 + OB 2 = x 12 + (x 1 + m )2 + x 22 + (x 2 + m )2 = 2(x 1 + x 2 )2 4x 1x 2 + 2m(x 1 + x 2 ) + 2m 2

2m 3 2
2m 3
1
+ 4(m + 1) + 2m
+ 2m 2 = (4m 2 + 2m + 17)
= 2
2
2
2
Gi thit : OA2 + OB 2 =
37
1
37
(4m 2 + 2m + 17) =
2
2
2
2m 2 + m 10 = 0 m =
5
hoc m = 2
2
5
Kt lun : m = m = 2
2
Page 58
GV.Lu Huy Thng

HT 93. Cho hm s y =
0968.393.899
x
(C ). Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m ng thng
1x
d : y = mx m 1 ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho MA2 + MB 2 t gi tr nh
nht. Vi M (1;1)
Gii
x
= mx m 1 (1)
1x
Vi iu kin x 1 th ta c : (1) x = (mx m 1)(1 x )

mx 2 2mx + m + 1 = 0 (2)
d ct (C) ti hai im phn bit khi v ch khi (1) c 2 nghim phn bit.
iu ny tng ng vi (2) c 2 nghim phn bit khc 1. t : f (x ) = mx 2 2mx + m + 1
m 0
m 0
' > 0 m 2 m 2 m > 0

m<0
f (1) 0
m 2m + m + 1 0
Khi , ta hai im A (x 1; mx 1 m 1); B (x 2 ; mx 2 m 1)

Vi x1, x 2 l 2 nghim ca (2)
Ta c : MA2 = (x 1 + 1)2 + (mx 1 m 2)2 ; MB 2 = (x 2 + 1)2 + (mx 2 m 2)2
MA2 + MB 2 = (x 1 + 1)2 + (mx 1 m 2)2 + (x 2 + 1)2 + (mx 2 m 2)2
= x 12 + 2x 1 + 1 + m 2x 12 2(m + 2) + (m + 2)2 + x 22 + 2x 2 + 1 + m 2x 22 2(m + 2) + (m + 2)2
= (m 2 + 1)(x 12 + x 22 ) + 2(x 1 + x 2 ) 2m(m + 2)(x 1 + x 2 ) + 2(m + 2)2 + 2
= (m 2 + 1) (x1 + x 2 )2 2x 1x 2 + 2(x1 + x 2 ) 2m(m + 2)(x1 + x 2 ) + 2(m + 2)2 + 2
Theo Viet ta c : x 1 + x 2 = 2 x1x 2 =

MA2 + MB 2 = 16
m +1
m
2
2m
m
Xt hm s : f (m ) = 16
2
2m trn (; 0)
m
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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Ta c : min f (m ) = 20 ti m = 1
Kt lun : m = 1
HT 94. Cho hm s y =
x 2
(C ) . Tm gi tr ca m ng thng d : y = x + m ct th (C)
x 1
ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho : OA2 + OB 2 + AB 2 t gi tr nh nht. (O l gc ta )

Gii
Honh giao im ca d v (C) l nghim phng trnh :
x 2
= x + m; x 1
x 1
g(x ) = x 2 mx + m 2 = 0 (1)
d ct (C) ti hai im phn bit phng trnh (1) c 2 nghim phn bit khc 1
2
= m 4m + 8 > 0
m
g(1) = 1 0
Vy d (C ) ti hai im phn bit vi m

Gi cc giao im ln lt l : A(x 1; x1 + m ), B(x 2 ; x 2 + m ) vi x 1, x 2 l cc nghim ca phng
trnh (1)
Ta c : OA2 + OB 2 + AB 2 = x12 + (x1 + m )2 + x 22 + (x 2 + m )2 + (x1 x 2 )2 + (x 1 x 2 )2
= 4(x 1 + x 2 )2 12x1x 2 2m(x1 + x 2 ) + 2m 2
= 4m 2 12m + 24 = (2m 3)2 + 15 15m

Vy, OA2 + OB 2 + AB 2 t gi tr nh nht bng 15 khi m =
HT 95. Cho hm s y =
3
2
x +1
(C ). Gi d l ng thng qua M (2; 0) v c h s gc l k . Tm k
x 2
d ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho : MA = 2MB

Gii
Phng trnh ng thng d : y = kx 2k
x +1
= kx 2k (1)
x 2
Vi x 2 th (1) f (x ) = kx 2 (4k + 1)x + 4k 1 = 0 (2)

d ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B (1) c hai nghim phn bit.
(2) c 2 nghim phn bit khc 2.
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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k 0
k 0
(*)
= 12k + 1 > 0
k > 1
f (2) = 3 0
12
t A(x1; y1 ), B(x 2 ; y2 ) vi x1, x 2 l hai nghim ca (2) v y1 = kx1 2k ; y2 = 2x 2 2k

x 2 = 2(x 2)
2
Khi : MA = 2.MB 1
x1 + 2x 2 = 6 (3)
y1 2 = 2(y2 2)
x + x = 4k + 1 (4)
1
2
k
Theo nh l Viet ta c :
4k 1
xx =
(5)
1 2
k
T (3) v (4) suy ra : x 1 =
T (5) v (6) ta c :
KL : k =
2k + 2
4k 1
; x2 =
(6)
k
k
2k + 2 2k 1 4k 1
2
.
=
k = tha mn (*)
k
k
k
3
2
3
HT 96. Cho hm s y =
x +3
c th (H). Tm m ng thng d :y = 2x + 3m ct (H) ti hai
x +2
im phn bit sao cho OAOB

.
= 4 vi O l gc ta .
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (H) vi (d) :
x +3
= 2x + 3m 2x 2 + 3(1 + m )x + 6m 3 = 0 (1)(x 2)
x +2
(H) ct (d) ti hai im phn bit A v B (1) c hai nghim phn bit khc -2
2
= 9m 30m + 33 > 0
m
8 6(1 + m ) + 6m 3 0
Gi 2 nghim ca pt (1) l x1 ; x 2 th A( x1 ;2 x1 +3m) ; B( x 2 ;2 x 2 +3m)

C : OAOB
.
= 4 x1 x 2 +(2 x1 +3m)(2 x 2 +3m) = - 4
12m 15
7
= 4 m =
2
12
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HT 97. Tm trn (H) : y =
x + 1
cc im A, B sao cho di on thng AB bng 4 v ng
x 2
thng AB vung gc vi ng thng y = x .

Gii
Do AB d : y = x pt AB: y = -x + m
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (H) vi ng thng AB :
x + 1
= x + m g(x ) = x 2 (m + 3)x + 2m + 1 = 0 (x 2) (1)
x 2
tn ti 2 im A, B th pt (1) cn c hai nghim phn bit x A; x B v khc 2
(m + 3)2 4(2m + 1) > 0
>0
g (x )

(m 1)2 + 4 > 0; m
g(2) 0
4 (m + 3).2 + 2m + 1 0
x + x = m + 3
B
Mt khc : yA = x A + m; yB = x B + m
Theo Viets ta c : A
x A .x B = 2m + 1
Ma : AB = 4 AB 2 = 16 (x B x A )2 + (yB yA )2 = 16 (x B + x A )2 4x A .x B = 8
m = 1
(m + 3)2 4(2m + 1) = 0 m 2 2m 3 = 0
m = 3
+) Vi m = 3 thay vo pt (1) ta c : x 2 6x + 7 = 0 x = 3 2 y = 2
A(3 + 2; 2); B(3 2; 2) hoac A(3 + 2; 2); B(3 2; 2)
+) Vi m = -1 thay vo (1) ta c : x 2 2x 1 = 0 x = 1 2 y = 2 2
A(1 + 2; 2 2); B(1 2; 2 + 2) hoac A(1 2; 2 + 2); B(1 + 2; 2 2)
Kt lun: ....
HT 98. Cho hm s y =
2x 3
(C ). Tm m ng thng d : 2x y + m = 0 ct th (C) ti
x +1
hai im phn bit c tung dng.

Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) v d l:
2x 3
= 2x + m 2x 2 + mx + m + 3 = 0 (1)
x +1
ng thng d ct (C) ti hai im phn bit khi v ch khi: (1) c hai nghim phn bit khc -1
Page 62
GV.Lu Huy Thng
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= m 2 8m 24 > 0
m > 4 + 40
2 m + m + 3 0
m < 4 40
Hai giao im c tung dng khi v ch khi:
x + x + m > 0
2x1 + m + 2x 2 + m > 0
2
1
2
(2x1 + m )(2x 2 + m ) > 0
4x 1x 2 + 2m(x1 + x 2 ) + m > 0
m
+ m > 0
m > 0.
2
m
2
2(m + 3) + 2m( ) + m > 0
2
Kt hp iu kin ta c: m > 4 + 40
HT 99. Cho hm s y =
x +3
c th (H). Tm m ng thng d : y = x + m + 1 ti hai im
x 2
phn bit A, B sao cho AOB nhn.

Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (H) vi d :
x +3
= x + m + 1 x 2 (m + 2)x + 2m + 5 = 0 (x 2)
x 2
phng trnh trn c hai nghim phn bit th :

m 2 4m + 16 > 0
> 0; x 2 2
m
2 2(m + 2) + 2m + 5 0
Gi A(x1; x1 + m + 1); B(x 2 ; x 2 + m + 1) l 2 giao im ca (H) v d

AOB nhn th AB 2 < OA2 + AB 2 2(x 2 x 1 )2 < (x 1 + m + 1)2 + (x 2 + m + 1)2
2x 1x 2 + (m + 1)(x 1 + x 2 ) (m + 1)2 < 0 m > 3
Kt lun : m > -3
HT 100.
Cho hm s y =
3x + 2
x +2
(C ) . ng thng y = x ct (C) ti hai im
A, B. Tm m ng thng y = x + m ct (C) ti hai im C, D sao cho ABCD l hnh bnh hnh.

Gii
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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Honh im A, B l nghim ca phng trnh:

x = 1
3x + 2
= x
A(1; 1); B(2;2) AB = 3 2
x +2
x = 2
Ta c: C, D thuc ng thng y = x + m v C D AB nn m 0 v CD = AB = 3 2
Phng trnh honh giao im ca d v (C):
3x + 2
= x + m x 2 + (m 1)x + 2m 2 = 0
x +2
(*)
m > 9
d ct (C) ti hai im phn bit phi c: = m 10m + 9 > 0
m < 1
2
Gi C(a;a+m); D(b;b+m) vi a, b l nghim ca phng trnh (*)

CD = 3 2
m = 0
2(a b )2 = 3 2 m 2 10m + 9 = 9
m = 10
(loai )
(t / m )
KL: m = 10
HT 101.
Cho hm s y =
2x 1
(C). Tm m ng thng d: y = x + m ct
x 1
(C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho OAB vung ti O.

Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) v d: x 2 + (m 3)x + 1 m = 0,
x 1
(*)
(*) c = m 2 2m + 5 > 0, m R v (*) khng c nghim x = 1.

x + x = 3 m
B
(*) lun c 2 nghim phn bit l x A , x B . Theo nh l Vit: A
x A .x B = 1 m
Khi : A (x A ; x A + m ), B (x B ; x B + m )
OAB vung ti O th OAOB
.
= 0 x Ax B + (x A + m )(x B + m ) = 0
2x Ax B + m (x A + x B ) + m 2 = 0 m = 2
Vy: m = 2.
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Cho hm s: y =
HT 102.
x +2
x 2
. Chng minh rng vi mi gi tr m th trn (C)
x y + m = 0
A
lun c cp im A, B nm v hai nhnh ca (C) v tha A
.
x B yB + m = 0
Gii
x y + m = 0
y = x + m
A
A
A
Ta c:
A
A, B (d ) : y = x + m
x B yB + m = 0
yB = x B + m
A, B l giao im ca (C) v (d). Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) v (d):

x +m =
x +2
f (x ) = x 2 + (m 3)x (2m + 2) = 0 (x 2)
x 2
(*).
(*) c = m 2 + 2m + 17 > 0, m (d) lun ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B.

V 1.f (2) = 4 < 0 x A < 2 < x B hoc x B < 2 < x A (pcm).
HT 103.
Cho hm s y =
2x m
(1). Chng minh rng vi mi m 0 th
mx + 1
hm s (1) ct (d) : y = 2x 2m ti hai im phn bit A, B thuc mt ng (H) c nh. ng

thng (d) ct trc Ox, Oy ln lt ti cc im M, N. Tm m SOAB = 3SOMN
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca th hm s (1) v ng thng d :
2x m
1
= 2x 2m 2mx 2 2m 2x m = 0 x (2)
mx + 1
m
1
Do m 0 nn (2) f (x ) = 2mx 2 2mx 1 = 0 x (*)
m
tn ti hai im A, B th phng trnh (*) phi c 2 nghim phn bit x A; x B khc
1
m
' = m + 2 > 0
1
m 0
2
f = 2 + 1 0
m m
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
0968.393.899
Mt khc, ta c : x A .x B =
1
nn A, B lun nm trn mt ng (H) c nh.
2
K OH AB OH = d(O,d ) =
HT 104.
2m
5
. Li c A, B d
Cho hm s
2x + 1
(C). Tm trn hai nhnh ca th im M v N sao
x 1
cho tip tuyn ti M v N ct hai ng tim cn ti 4 im lp thnh mt hnh thang.

Gii
Gi M, N l 2 im thuc hai nhnh ca th.
Tip tuyn ti M ct hai tim cn ti hai im A, B.
Tip tuyn ti N ct hai tim cn ti hai im C, D
Phng trnh tip tuyn ti M c dng : f (x ) = f '(m )(x m ) + f(m )
2m + 4
, B (2m 1;2)
Ta im A 1;
m 1
2n + 1
, D (2n 1;2)
Tng t ta c: C 1;
n 1
Phng trnh ng thng AD: y =
AD c h s gc: k =
3
6(2m + 4)(2n 1)
x+
(m 1)(n 1)
(2m 2)(n 1)
3
(m 1)(n 1)
Tng t ta cng c BC c h s gc: k =

BC
3
(m 1)(n 1)
AD Mi im M, N thuc 2 nhnh ca th u tha mn yu cu bi ton.
HT 105. Cho hm s: y =
mx 4m + 3
. Chng t rng vi mi m 1 , th hm s lun i qua
x m
im c nh A v B . T hai im A v B hy lp phng trnh ca hai ng thng c h s

gc bng 1,5. Tnh din tch hnh thang gii hn bi AB, hai ng thng ny v trc Ox .
Gii
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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Gi (x 0 ; y 0 ) l im c nh ca th hm s
phng trnh: (x 0 + y0 4)m + 3 x 0y 0 = 0 ng vi m 1
x 0 = 1
x + y 4 = 0
x 0 + y 0 4 = 0
y = 3
0
0
3 x 0y 0 = 0
x 0 4x 0 + 3 = 0
x 0 = 3
y 0 = 1
Vy th c hai im c nh l: A(1; 3), B(3;1).

Phng trnh ng thng i qua A c h s gc bng
Phng trnh ng thng qua B c h s gc l
y 1 =
3
3
3
3
l y 3 = (x 1) y = x + (d1 )
2
2
2
2
3
l:
2
3
3
7
(x 3) y = x (d2 )
2
2
2
7
Giao im ca (d1 ) vi Ox l C (1; 0), ca (d2 ) vi Ox l D ; 0
3
Khong cch gia (d1 ),(d2 ) cng chnh l chiu cao ca hnh thang
h=
3 7

2 2
10
10
= 2 =
13
3
3 2
1+
3
2
Vy din tch hnh thang phi tm l: S = (AC + BD )
HT 106. Cho hm s y =
h
13 5
4
5
20
= 13 +
= . 13.
=
.
2
3 13
3
3
13
2x 1
(C ). Gi I l giao im ca hai tim cn ca (C). Vi gi tr no ca
x 1
m th ng thng y = x + m ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B v tam gic IAB u.
Gii
ng thng y = x + m ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit khi v ch khi phng trnh sau c
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GV.Lu Huy Thng

2 nghim phn bit:
0968.393.899
x 1
2x 1
= x + m 2
x 1
x + (1 m )x + m 1 = 0
= (1 m )2 4(m 1) > 0
1 + 1 m + m 1 0
m > 5 (*)
m < 1
Ta c: I (1;2), x 1 + x 2 = m 1 & x 1x 2 = m 1
Gi A(x1; y1 ), B(x 2 ; y2 ) v H l trung im ca AB.
Khi : y1 = x1 + m; y2 = x 2 + m v
m 1 m + 1
m 3 m 3
; IH =
; AB(x 2 x 1; x1 x 2 )
H
;
;
2
2
2
2
IA = IB
IA2 = IB 2
(**)
IAB u
2
3
3
2
AB
IH =
IH = AB
4
2
Ta c: IA2 = IB 2 (x1 x 2 ) x 1 + x 2 (m 1) = 0
Do x 1 + x 2 = m 1 nn ng thc ny ng vi mi m tha mn (*)
(m 3)2
3
= (x 2 x1 )2 4x1x 2 = 3 (m 1)2 4(m 1)
Ta c: (**)
2
2
m 2 6m + 3 = 0 m = 3 6 Cc gi tr ny tha mn (*)
KL: m = 3 6
x
(C ) . Tm cc gi tr ca m ng thng y = x + m ct th
x 1
(C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho OA,OB bng 600. Vi O l gc ta .

Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im:
x
= x + m g(x ) = x 2 mx + m = 0 (1) vi x 1
x 1
ng thng y = x + m ct th (C) ti hai im phn bit:

Phng trnh (1) c hai nghim phn bit x 1
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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m < 0
m < 0
= m 2 4m > 0
(*)
m > 4
g(1) 0
m>4
1 0
x + x = m
1
2
(**)
Gi x1, x 2 l hai nghim ca (), ta c: x1.x 2 = m
g(x1 ) = g(x 2 ) = 0
OA = (x1; x1 + m )
Cc giao im l A(x1; x1 + m ), B(x 2 ; x 2 + m ) v
OB = (x ; x + m )
2
2
Khi : cos 600 = cos(OA;OB =
1
=
2
x1x 2 + (x1 + m )(x 2 + m )

2x12 2mx1 + m 2 2x 22 2mx 2 + m 2
2x1x 2 m(x 1 + x 2 ) + m 2
2g(x1 ) + m 2 2m 2g(x 2 ) + m 2 2m
2x1x 2 m(x1 + x 2 ) + m 2
m 2 2m m 2 2m
2m
m 2 2m
m 2 2m = 4m
m = 2
2
m = 0
m 2m = 4m
m = 6
Kt hp iu kin (*) ta c: m = 2 m = 6
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PHN 4: TIP TUYN

HT 108. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + 1 (C ). Chng minh rng mi tip tuyn ca (C) ch tip xc vi
(C) ti ng mt im.
Gii
Gi s tip tuyn tip xc vi th hm s ti hai im M (x 0 ; y0 ), M1(x1; y1 )
Khi , phng trnh tip tuyn l:
y = (3x 02 6x 0 )x 2x 03 + 3x 02 + 1 v y = (3x 12 6x 1 )x 2x 13 + 3x 12 + 1
Hai phng trnh trn cng l phng trnh ca 1 tip tuyn nn:
3x 2 6x = 3x 2 6x
0
0
1
1
2x 3 + 3x 2 + 1 = 2x 3 + 3x 2 + 1
0
0
1
1
Gii h trn ta c: x 0 = x1 Suy ra iu phi chng minh.
HT 109. Cho ha m so> y =
2x 1
. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit khong cch t im
x 1
I (1;2) n tip tuyn bng
2.
Gii
Tip tuyn ca (C) ti im M (x 0 ; f (x 0 )) (C ) c phng trnh:
y = f '(x 0 )(x x 0 ) + f (x 0 ) x + (x 0 1)2 y 2x 02 + 2x 0 1 = 0 (*)
Khong cch t im I(1; 2) n tip tuyn (*) bng 2
x = 0
= 2 0
x 0 = 2
1 + (x 0 1)4
2 2x 0
Cc tip tuyn cn tm : x + y 1 = 0 v x + y 5 = 0
HT 110. Cho hm s y = x 3 + (1 2m )x 2 + (2 m )x + m + 2 (1)
(m l tham s). Tm tham s
m th ca hm s (1) c tip tuyn to vi ng thng d: x + y + 7 = 0 gc , bit

cos =
26
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Gii
Gi k l h s gc ca tip tuyn tip tuyn c VTPT n1 = (k ; 1)

ng thng d c VTPT n2 = (1;1) .
Ta c cos =
n1.n2
n1 . n 2
1
26
k = 3
k 1
2
12k 2 26k + 12 = 0
2
2
2 k +1
k =
3
YCBT tho mn t nht mt trong hai phng trnh sau c nghim:
y =
y =
2
3
3x + 2(1 2m )x + 2 m = 3
/ 0
8m 2 2m 1 0
2
2 1
2
/
2
2
0
3x 2 + 2(1 2m )x + 2 m =
4m m 3 0
2
3
3
m 1 ; m 1
4
2 m 1 hoc m 1
4
2
m 3 ; m 1
HT 111. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 2x 2 x (C ). Tm ta cc im trn trc honh sao cho qua im

k c hai tip tuyn vi th (C) v gc gia hai tip tuyn ny bng 450.
Gii
Qua im M trn Ox, ta lun k c tip tuyn vi (C) l y = 0.
Gc ca hai tip tuyn l 450 , m y = 0 c h s gc l 0 nn h s gc ca tip tuyn d cn li c
h s gc bng -1 hoc 1.
x = 0
0
Gi M (x 0 ; y0 ) l tip im ca d v (C) y ' = 3x 02 + 4x 0 1 = 1
x = 4
0
3
Khi x 0 = 0 y0 = 0 d : y = x M O
Khi x 0 =
32
4
4
4
32
y0 =
d : y = x = x +
M ; 0
3
27
3
27
27
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HT 112. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + 1 c th (C). Tm hai im A, B thuc th (C) sao cho tip

tuyn ca (C) ti A v B song song vi nhau v di on AB = 4 2 .
Gii
Gi s A(a; a 3 3a 2 + 1), B(b;b 3 3b 2 + 1) thuc (C), vi a b .
V tip tuyn ca (C) ti A v B song song vi nhau nn:
y (a ) = y (b) 3a 2 6a = 3b 2 6b a 2 b 2 2(a b) = 0 (a b)(a + b 2) = 0

a + b 2 = 0 b = 2 a . V a b nn a 2 a a 1
Ta c: AB = (b a )2 + (b 3 3b 2 + 1 a 3 + 3a 2 1)2 = (b a )2 + (b 3 a 3 3(b 2 a 2 ))2
2
= (b a )2 + (b a )3 + 3ab(b a ) 3(b a )(b + a )
2
= (b a )2 + (b a )2 (b a )2 + 3ab 3.2
2
= (b a )2 + (b a )2 (b + a )2 ab 6
= (b a )2 + (b a )2 (2 ab)2
AB2 = (b a )2 1 + (2 ab )2 = (2 2a )2 1 + (a 2 2a 2)2
2
= 4(a 1)2 1 + (a 1)2 3 = 4(a 1)2 (a 1)4 6(a 1)2 + 10
= 4(a 1)6 24(a 1)4 + 40(a 1)2

M AB = 4 2 nn 4(a 1)6 24(a 1)4 + 40(a 1)2 = 32
(a 1)6 6(a 1)4 + 10(a 1)2 8 = 0
(*)
t t = (a 1)2 , t > 0 . Khi (*) tr thnh:
t 3 6t 2 + 10t 8 = 0 (t 4)(t 2 2t + 2) = 0 t = 4
a = 3 b = 1
(a 1)2 = 4
a = 1 b = 3
Vy 2 im tho mn YCBT l: A(3;1), B(1; 3) .

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x +1
(C). Tm trn Oy tt c cc im t k c duy nht mt tip
x 1
tuyn ti (C).
Gii
Gi M (0; yo ) l im cn tm. PT ng thng qua M c dng: y = kx + yo (d)
x + 1
2
= kx + yo
(yo 1)x 2(yo + 1)x + yo + 1 = 0 (1)
x 1

(d) l tip tuyn ca (C)
(*)
2
2
x 1;
k
=
=
k
2
(x 1)2
(x 1)
YCBT h (*) c 1nghim (1) c 1 nghim khc 1
y 1
yo = 1
o
1
2
x =
' = (yo + 1) (yo 1)(yo + 1) = 0
2
x = 1 ; y = 1 k = 8
2 o
x = 0; yo = 1 k = 2
Vy c 2 im cn tm l: M(0; 1) v M(0; 1).
HT 114. Cho hm s
y = 3x x 3
(C). Tm trn ng thng d : y = x cc im m t k
c ng 2 tip tuyn phn bit vi th (C).

Gii
Gi M (m; m ) (d ) .
PT ng thng i qua im M v c h s gc k c dng : y = k (x m ) m
3
3x x = k (x m ) m
l tip tuyn ca (C) h PT sau c nghim
3 3x 2 = k
(1)
(2)
(*).
3x x 3 (3 3x 2 )(x m ) + m = 0
Thay (2) v (1) ta c: 2x 3 3mx 2 + 4m = 0

m =
Xt hm s : f (x ) =
C: f(x) =
2x 3
3x 4
6x 4 24x 2
3x 2 4
2x 3
3x 2 4
(**)
. Tp xc nh : D = \ {
2 3 2 3
;
}
3
3
x = 0
; f(x) = 0
x = 2
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x
f(x)
-2
+
f(x)
0 -2
+
2
T M k c ng hai tip tuyn ti th hm s

(**) c hai nghim phn bit.
m = 2
Da vo bng bin thin ta c: (**) c 2 nghim phn bit
m = 2
Cc im cn tm l: A(2; 2) v B(2; 2).
HT 115. Cho hm s: y = x 3 3x + 2 . Tm tt c im trn ng thng y = 4 , sao cho t k

c ng 2 tip tuyn ti th (C).
Gii
Gi M(x 0 ;4) l im cn tm.
Phng trnh ng thng (d) qua M vi h s gc k l: y=k(x-xo)+4
(d) l tip tuyn ca th hm s h sau c nghim:
3
k (x x 0 ) + 4 = x 3x + 2 (1)
k = 3x 2 3
(2)
Thay (2) vo (1) ta c:
(3x 2 3)(x xo ) + 4 = x 3 3x + 2
3x 3 3x 2xo 3x + 3xo = x 3 3x + 2
2x 3 3x 2xo + 3xo 2 = 0
(x + 1) 2x 2 (3x 0 + 2)x + 3x 0 + 2 = 0 (3)
k c 2 tip tuyn ti th hm s khi v ch khi (3) c ng 2 nghim.

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2x 2 (3x 0 + 2)x + 3x 0 + 2 = 0 c :
+)2 nghim trong 1 nghim bng-1;

+)C nghim kp khc -1.
Gii tm ng 3 im: (-1;4);(-2/3;4);(2;4)
HT 116. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 2
(C). Tm trn ng thng d : y = 2 cc im m t
k c 3 tip tuyn phn bit vi th (C).

Gii
Gi M (m;2) (d ) .
PT ng thng i qua im M v c h s gc k c dng : y = k (x m ) + 2
2
3
x + 3x 2 = k (x m ) + 2
l tip tuyn ca (C) h PT sau c nghim
3x 2 + 6x = k
(2)
(1)
(*).
Thay (2) v (1) ta c: 2x 3 3(m + 1)x 2 + 6mx 4 = 0 (x 2) 2x 2 (3m 1)x + 2 = 0
x = 2

2
f (x ) = 2x (3m 1)x + 2 = 0 (3)
T M k c 3 tip tuyn n th (C) h (*) c 3 nghim x phn bit
m < 1 hoc m > 5

> 0
(3) c hai nghim phn bit khc 2
3 .
f (2) 0
m 2
m < 1 hoc m > 5

Vy t cc im M(m; 2) (d): y = 2 vi
3 c th k c 3 tip tuyn n
m 2
th (C).
2
HT 117. Cho hm s y = ( x + 1) . ( x 1) (C). Cho im A(a; 0) . Tm a t A k c 3 tip tuyn

phn bit vi th (C).
Gii
Ta c y = x 4 2x 2 + 1 .
Phng trnh ng thng d i qua A(a; 0) v c h s gc k : y = k (x a )
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x 4 2x 2 + 1 = k (x a )
d l tip tuyn ca (C) h phng trnh sau c nghim: (I )
4x 3 4x = k
k = 0
(A)
Ta c: (I ) 2
x 1 = 0
4x (x 1) = k
hoa
c
(B )
f (x ) = 3x 2 4ax + 1 = 0 (1)
+ T he(A), ch cho ta mt tip tuyn duy nht l d1 : y = 0 .

+ Vy t A k c 3 tip tuyn phn bit vi (C) th iu kin caw n va ula he(B) pha
i co 2
nghie
m pha n bit (x ; k ) vi x 1 , tc la phng trnh (1) phi c 2 nghim phn bit khc

2
3
3
= 4a 3 > 0
1 a <
hoc 1 a >
1
f (1) 0
2
2
HT 118. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + 2. Tm trn ng thng y = 2 cc im m t c th k

c 2 tip tuyn ti th hm s v 2 tip tuyn vung gc vi nhau.
Gii
Gi im cn tm l M (m;2).
Nhn xt: ng thng x = m i qua M ct ng cong v song song vi trc tung v n khng
th l tip tuyn nn mi tip tuyn qua M u c dng: y = k (x m ) + 2.
Vy, h sau phi c nghim:
x 3 3x 2 + 2 = k (x m ) + 2
x 3 3x 2 + 2 = (x m )(3x 2 6x ) + 2
2
3x 6x = k
x = 0 k = 0
2x 3 (3m 3)x 2 + 6mx = 0 2
2x 3(m + 1)x + 6m = 0 (1)
Trng hp 1: k = 0 Tip tuyn l y = 2, ng thng vung gc vi n c dng: x = c. Vy
khng c tip tuyn no ca ng cong vung gc vi tip tuyn ny.
Vy, ng cong c hai tip tuyn vung gc th phng trnh (1) phi c 2 nghim x1, x 2 sao
cho: y '(x 1 ).y '(x 2 ) = 1 (2).
Phng trnh (1) c 2 nghim phn bit khi > 0
m > 3
9m + 18m + 9 48m > 0 9m 30m + 9 > 0

(2)
m < 1
3
2
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Theo nh l Viet ta c: x 1 + x 2 =
Ta c: 3x 2 6x =
3m + 3
; x1.x 2 = 3m
2
3 2
3
2x 3(m + 1)x + 6m + (3m 1)x 9m
2
2
y '(x1 ) = 3x12 6x1 =
3
3
(3m 1)x1 9m, y '(x1 ) = 3x 22 6x 2 = (3m 1)x 2 9m
2
2
3
3
(2) y '(x1 ).y '(x 2 ) = 1 (3m 1)x 1 9m (3m 1)x 2 9m = 1

2
2
9
27
(3m 1)2 x 1x 2 m(3m 1).(x1 + x 2 ) + 81m 2 = 1
4
2
9
27
3m + 3
(3m 1)2 .3m m(3m 1).
+ 81m 2 = 1
4
2
2
27m + 1 = 0 m =
1
(tha mn iu kin (2))
27
1
KL: M 2;
27
HT 119. Cho hm s y = f (x ) =
1
mx 3 + (m 1)x 2 + (4 3m )x + 1 c th l (Cm). Tm cc gi tr
3
m sao cho trn th (Cm) tn ti mt im duy nht c honh m m tip tuyn ti

vung gc vi ng thng d : x + 2y 3 = 0 .
Gii
(d) c h s gc
1
tip tuyn c h s gc k = 2 . Gi x l honh tip im th:
2
f '(x ) = 2 mx 2 + 2(m 1)x + (4 3m) = 2 mx 2 + 2(m 1)x + 2 3m = 0 (1)

YCBT (1) c ng mt nghim m.
+ Nu m = 0 th (1) 2x = 2 x = 1 (loi)
+ Nu m 0 th d thy phng trnh (1) c 2 nghim l x = 1 hay x=
2 3m
m
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m < 0
2 3m
Do (1) c mt nghim m th
<0
m > 2
m
Vy m < 0 hay m >
2
.
3
HT 120. Tm tt c cc gi tr m sao cho trn th
(C m ) : y =
1
mx 3 + (m 1)x 2 + (4m 3)x + 1 tn ti ng hai im c honh dng m tip
3
tuyn ti vung gc vi ng thng (L): x + 2y 3 = 0

Gii
Cch 1: C y = mx 2 + 2(m 1)x + 4 3m
1
T yu cu bi ton ta c: y '. = 1 c ng hai nghim dng phn bit
2
mx 2 + 2(m 1)x + 2 3m = 0 c hai nghim phn bit.
m 0
m 0
m 0
4m 2 4m + 1 > 0
m 1
0 < m < 1
' > 0
2
2

m 1

>0
S > 0
0 < m < 1
1
2
<m <
3
2
2
2 3m
P > 0
0 < m <
>0
3
1 1 2
Vy m 0; ; l cc gi tr cn tm
2 2 3
Cch 2: C y ' = mx 2 + 2(m 1)x + 4 3m
1
T yu cu bi ton ta c: y '. = 1 c ng hai nghim dng phn bit
2
mx 2 + 2(m 1)x + 2 3m = 0 (1) c hai nghim phn bit.
+) TH1: m = 0 t (1) ta c: x = -1 (loi)
+) TH2: m =
1
t (1) ta c x = 1(loi)
2
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+) Th3: m 0; m
0968.393.899
1
2 3m
T pt (1) c 2 nghim x = 1 x =
2
m
iu kin bi ton
2 3m
2
>0 0<m <
m
3
1 1 2
Kt hp c 3 trng hp trn ta c gi tr ca m cn tm l: m 0; ;
2 2 3
HT 121. Cho hm s y = f (x ) = x 4 2x 2 . Trn (C) ly hai im phn bit A v B c honh ln

lt l a v b. Tm iu kin i vi a v b hai tip tuyn ca (C) ti A v B song song vi
nhau.
Gii
Ta c: f '(x ) = 4x 3 4x
H s gc tip tuyn ca (C) ti A v B l kA = f '(a ) = 4a 3 4a, kB = f '(b) = 4b 3 4b
Tip tuyn ti A, B ln lt c phng trnh l:
y = f (a )(x a ) + f (a ) y = f (a )x + f (a ) af (a )
y = f (b)(x b) + f (b) y = f (b)x + f (b) b f (b)
Hai tip tuyn ca (C) ti A v B song song hoc trng nhau khi v ch khi:
kA = kB 4a3 4a = 4b3 4b (a b)(a 2 + ab + b 2 1) = 0
V A v B phn bit nn a b , do (1) a 2 + ab + b 2 1 = 0
(1)
(2)
Mt khc hai tip tuyn ca (C) ti A v B trng nhau khi v ch khi:

2
2
a 2 + ab + b 2 1 = 0
a + ab + b 1 = 0
(a b)
f (a ) af (a ) = f (b) bf (b )
3a 4 + 2a 2 = 3b 4 + 2b 2
Gii h ny ta c nghim l (a;b) = (1;1) hoc (a;b) = (1; 1) , hai nghim ny tng ng vi
cng mt cp im trn th l (1; 1) v (1; 1)
Vy iu kin cn v hai tip tuyn ca (C) ti A v B song song vi nhau l:
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a 2 + ab + b 2 1 = 0
a 1; a b
2x
(C). Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C), bit rng khong
x +2
cch t tm i xng ca th (C) n tip tuyn l ln nht.

Gii
Tip tuyn (d) ca th (C) ti im M c honh a 2 thuc (C) c phng trnh:
y=
2a
(
x
a
)
+
4x (a + 2)2 y + 2a 2 = 0
2
a +2
(a + 2)
Tm i xng ca (C) l I (2;2) . Ta c:

d (I , d ) =
8a +2
16 + (a + 2)4
8a +2
2.4.(a + 2)2
8a +2
=2 2
2 2 a +2
a = 0
.
d (I , d ) ln nht khi (a + 2)2 = 4
a = 4
T suy ra c hai tip tuyn y = x v y = x + 8 .
x +2
2x + 3
(1). Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s (1), bit tip
tuyn ct trc honh, trc tung ln lt ti hai im phn bit A, B v tam gic OAB cn ti
gc ta O.
Gii
Gi (x 0 ; y0 ) l to ca tip im y (x 0 ) =
1
(2x 0 + 3)2
<0
OAB cn ti O nn tip tuyn song song vi ng thng y = x (v tip tuyn c h s gc

m). Ngha l: y (x 0 ) =
x = 1 y = 1
0
0
= 1
2
x 0 = 2 y 0 = 0
(2x 0 + 3)
+ Vi x 0 = 1; y 0 = 1 : y 1 = (x + 1) y = x (loi)
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+ Vi x 0 = 2; y 0 = 0 : y 0 = (x + 2) y = x 2 (nhn)
Vy phng trnh tip tuyn cn tm l: y = x 2 .
2x 1
. Lp phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C) sao cho tip tuyn ny
x 1
ct cc trc Ox, Oy ln lt ti cc im A v B tho mn OA = 4OB.

Gii
Gi s tip tuyn d ca (C) ti M (x 0 ; y0 ) (C ) ct Ox ti A, Oy ti B sao cho OA = 4OB .
Do OAB vung ti O nn tan A =
OB
1
1
1
= H s gc ca d bng hoc .
OA
4
4
4
x = 1 (y = 3 )
0
1
1
1
0
2
<0
=
H s gc ca d l y (x 0 ) =
2
2
5
4
(x 0 1)
(x 0 1)
x 0 = 3 (y 0 = )
2
y = 1 (x + 1) + 3
y = 1 x + 5
4
2
4
4 .
Khi c 2 tip tuyn tho mn l:
1
y = (x 3) + 5
y = 1 x + 13
4
2
4
4
HT 125. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s y =
2x
bit tip tuyn ct Ox, Oy ln lt
x 2
ti A v B m tam gic OAB tha mn: AB = OA 2

Gii
Cch 1: Gi M (xo ; yo ) , (xo 2) thuc th hm s. Phng trnh tip tuyn ti M c dng:
y
2xo
xo 2
4
(xo 2)2
(x xo )
Do tam gic ct trc Ox, Oy ti cc im A, B v tam gic OAB c AB = OA 2 nn tam gic

OAB vung cn ti O. Lc tip tuyn d vung gc vi mt trong 2 ng phn gic y = x
hoc y = -x
+ TH1: d vung gc vi ng phn gic y = x
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C:
0968.393.899
x = 2 pt d : y = x (loai )
2
o
=
(
x
2)
=
4
2
(xo 2)
xo = 4 pt d : y = x + 8
4
+ TH2: d vung gc vi ng phn gic y = -x

C:
4
(xo 2)2
(1) = 1 ptvn
Kt lun: Vy c 1 tip tuyn tha mn yu cu bi ton d: y= -x + 8

Cch 2:
Nhn xt tam gic AOB vung ti O nn ta c: sin(ABO) =
OA
1
=
= sin nn tam gic AOB
AB
4
2
vung cn ti O, phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti im M (xo ; yo ) c dng:

y=
4
2
(xo 2)
(x xo ) +
2xo
xo 2
x 2
2xo2
3
D dng tnh c: A = o ; 0 ; B 0;
xo (xo 4) = 0
2 (x 2)2
o
+) Vi xo = 0 ta c phng trnh tip tuyn l: y = -x (loi)
+) Vi xo = 4 ta c phng trnh tip tuyn l: y = -x + 8
2x 3
c th (C). Tm trn (C) nhng im M sao cho tip tuyn ti M
x 2
ca (C) ct hai tim cn ca (C) ti A, B sao cho AB ngn nht.
1
1
(C ) . Ta c: y (m ) =
Ly im M m; 2 +
m 2
(m 2)2
Tip tuyn (d) ti M c phng trnh:
y =
1
(
x
m
)
+
2
+
m 2
(m 2)2
Giao im ca (d) vi tim cn ng l: A 2;2 +

m 2
Giao im ca (d) vi tim cn ngang l: B(2m 2;2)
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1
8 . Du = xy ra
Ta c: AB 2 = 4 (m 2)2 +
2
(m 2)
m = 3
m = 1
Vy im M cn tm c ta l: M (3; 3) hoc M (1;1)
2x 3
. Cho M l im bt k trn (C). Tip tuyn ca (C) ti M ct cc
x 2
ng tim cn ca (C) ti A v B. Gi I l giao im ca cc ng tim cn. Tm to im

M sao cho ng trn ngoi tip tam gic IAB c din tch nh nht.
Gii
2x 3
,
Gi s M x 0 ; 0
x 0 2
x 0 2 , y '(x 0 ) =
(x 0 2)
Phng trnh tip tuyn () vi ( C) ti M: y =
1
2
(x 0 2)
(x x 0 ) +
2x 0 3
x0 2
2x 2
To giao im A, B ca () vi hai tim cn l: A 2; 0
; B (2x 0 2;2)
x 0 2
Ta thy
xA + xB
2
2 + 2x 0 2
2
= x 0 = xM ,
yA + y B
2
2x 0 3
x0 2
= yM suy ra M l trung im
ca AB.
Mt khc I(2; 2) v IAB vung ti I nn ng trn ngoi tip tam gic IAB c din tch
2x 3
2
2
2
2 = (x 0 2) +
2
S = IM = (x 0 2) +
2

x 0 2
(
x
2)
Du = xy ra khi (x 0 2)2 =
x = 1
0
x = 3
2
(x 0 2)
0
1
Do im M cn tm l M(1; 1) hoc M(3; 3)

HT 128. Cho hm s y = x 3 2mx 2 + m 2x m + 1 (C m ). Tm m th hm s tip xc vi trc
honh.
Gii
th hm s y = x 3 2mx 2 + m 2x m + 1 tip xc vi trc honh
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2
2
3
x 2mx + m x m + 1 = 0
c nghim.
2
3x 4mx + m 2 = 0
2
2
3
x 2mx + m x m + 1 = 0(1)
x = m
3x = m
Vi x = m th vo (1) ta c: m = 1
Vi x = 3m th vo (1) ta c:
x 3 6x 3 + 9x 3 3x + 1 = 0 4x 3 3x + 1 = 0
x = 1 m = 3
x = 1 m = 3
2
2
Kt lun: m = 1 m = 3 m =
3
2
2x + 1
c th (C). Gi I l giao im ca hai tim cn. Tm im M
x 1
thuc (C) sao cho tip tuyn ca (C) ti M ct 2 tim cn ti A v B vi chu vi tam gic IAB t gi
tr nh nht.
Gii
3
Giao im ca 2 tim cn l I (1;2) . Gi M x 0 ;2 +
(C).
x 0 1
+ PTTT ti M c dng: y =
3
(
x
x
)
+
2
+
0
x0 1
(x 0 1)2
6
+ To cc giao im ca tip tuyn vi 2 tim cn: A 1;2 +
, B (2x 0 1;2)
x 0 1
+ Ta c: S IAB =
1
1
6
IA.IB =
2 x 0 1 = 2.3 = 6 (vdt)
2
2 x0 1
+ IAB vung c din tch khng i chu vi IAB t gi tr nh nht khi IA= IB
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x = 1 + 3
= 2 x0 1 0
x = 1 3
x0 1
0
6
Vy c hai im M tha mn iu kin M 1 (1 + 3;2 + 3 ) , M 2 (1 3;2 3 )

Khi chu vi AIB = 4 3 + 2 6 .
Ch : Vi 2 s dng a, b tho ab = S (khng i) th biu thc P = a + b + a 2 + b 2 nh nht
khi v ch khi a = b.
Tht vy: P = a + b + a 2 + b 2 2 ab + 2ab = (2 + 2) ab = (2 + 2) S .
Du "=" xy ra a = b.
Cho hm s: y =
HT 130.
x +2
(C). Cho im A(0; a ) . Tm a t A k c 2 tip tuyn ti
x 1
th (C) sao cho 2 tip im tng ng nm v 2 pha ca trc honh.

Gii
Phng trnh ng thng d i qua A(0; a ) v c h s gc k: y = kx + a
x + 2
= kx + a
x 1
d l tip tuyn ca (C) H PT
c nghim
k = 3
(x 1)2
PT: (1 a )x 2 + 2(a + 2)x (a + 2) = 0 (1) c nghim

x 1.
qua A c 2 tip tuyn th (1) phi c 2 nghim phn bit x 1, x 2

a 1
a 1

(*)

= 3a + 6 > 0
a > 2
Khi ta c: x 1 + x 2 =
2(a + 2)
a +2
3
3
; x1x 2 =
v y1 = 1 +
; y2 = 1 +
a 1
a 1
x1 1
x2 1
2 tip im nm v 2 pha i vi trc honh th y1.y2 < 0
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x .x + 2(x1 + x 2 ) + 4
3
3
2
. 1 +
< 0 1 2
< 0 3a + 2 > 0 a >
1 +
x1.x 2 (x1 + x 2 ) + 1
3
x1 1
x 2 1
a > 2
Kt hp vi iu kin (*) ta c:
3.
a 1
x +3
. Cho im Mo (xo ; yo ) thuc th (C). Tip tuyn ca (C) ti M0 ct
x 1
cc tim cn ca (C) ti cc im A v B. Chng minh Mo l trung im ca on thng AB.

Gii
Mo (xo ; yo ) (C) y 0 = 1 +
4
.
x0 1
Phng trnh tip tuyn (d) ti M0 : y y 0 =
4
(x 0 1)2
(x x 0 )
Giao im ca (d) vi cc tim cn l: A(2x 0 1;1), B(1;2y 0 1) .
xA + xB
2
= x 0;
y A + yB
HT 132. Cho hm s : y =
= y 0 M0 l trung im AB.
x +2
(C). Chng minh rng mi tip tuyn ca th (C) u lp vi
x 1
hai ng tim cn mt tam gic c din tch khng i.

Gii
a + 2
(C).
Gi s M a;
a 1
a +2
3
a 2 + 4a 2
PTTT (d) ca (C) ti M: y = y (a ).(x a ) +

y=
x+
a 1
(a 1)2
(a 1) 2
a + 5
, B (2a 1;1) .
Cc giao im ca (d) vi cc tim cn l: A 1;
a 1
6
6
IA = 0;
; IB = (2a 2; 0) IB = 2 a 1
IA =
a 1
a 1
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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Din tch IAB : S IAB =
1
IA.IB = 6 (vdt) PCM.
2
Cu hi tng t i vi hm s y =
2x 4
S: S = 12.
x +1
x +2
. Gi I l giao im ca 2 ng tim cn, l mt tip tuyn bt k
x +1
ca th (C). d l khong cch t I n . Tm gi tr ln nht ca d.

Gii
y =
x ; x 0 + 2 (C )
.
Giao
im
ca
hai
ng
tim
cn
l
I(1;
1).
Gi
s
M
0 x + 1
(x + 1)2
Phng trnh tip tuyn vi thi hm s ti M l:
y=
(x x 0 ) +
2
(x 0 + 1)
x0 + 2
x0 + 1
Khong cch t I n l d =
2 x0 + 1
1 + x0 + 1
=
1
x0 + 1
Vy GTLN ca d bng
)(
x + x0 + 1 y x0 x0 + 1 x0 + 2 = 0
+ x0 + 1
2 khi x 0 = 0 hoc x 0 = 2 .
2x + 1
. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C), bit rng tip tuyn
x +1
cch u hai im A(2; 4), B(4; 2).

Gii
Gi x0 l honh tip im ( x 0 1 ).
PTTT (d) l y =
2x 0 + 1
x (x 0 + 1)2 y + 2x 02 + 2x 0 + 1 = 0
(
x
x
)
+
0
2
x0 + 1
(x 0 + 1)
1
Ta c: d (A, d ) = d (B, d ) 2 4(x 0 + 1)2 + 2x 02 + 2x 0 + 1 = 4 + 2(x 0 + 1)2 + 2x 02 + 2x 0 + 1

x 0 = 1 x 0 = 0 x 0 = 2
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Vy c ba phng trnh tip tuyn: y =
1
5
x + ; y = x + 1; y = x + 5
4
4
2x 1
. Gi I l giao im ca hai ng tim cn, A l im trn (C) c
1x
honh l a. Tip tuyn ti A ca (C) ct hai ng tim cn ti P v Q. Chng t rng A l

trung im ca PQ v tnh din tch tam gic IPQ.
Gii
2a 1
1
2a 1
. PT tip tuyn d ti A: y =
(x a ) +
I (1; 2), A a;
2
1a
1a
(1 a )
2a
Giao im ca tim cn ng v tip tuyn d: P 1;

1 a
Giao im ca tim cn ngang v tip tuyn d: Q(2a 1; 2)
Ta c: x P + xQ = 2a = 2x A . Vy A l trung im ca PQ.
IP =
SIPQ =
2a
2
+2 =
; IQ = 2(a 1)
1a
1a
1
IP.IQ = 2 (vdt)
2
2x 3
(C). Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ti im M thuc (C) bit tip
x 2
tuyn ct tim cn ng v tim cn ngang ln lt ti A, B sao cho csin gc ABI bng

4
, vi I l giao 2 tim cn.
17
Gii
2x 3
I(2; 2). Gi M x 0 ; 0
(C ) , x 0 2
x 0 2
Phng trnh tip tuyn ti M:
y =
2x 0 3
(
x
x
)
+
0
x0 2
(x 0 2)2
1
2x 2
, B(2x 0 2;2) .
Giao im ca vi cc tim cn: A 2; 0
x 0 2
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GV.Lu Huy Thng

Do cos ABI =
0968.393.899
nn tan ABI =
17
x = 0
1
IA
=
IB 2 = 16.IA2 (x 0 2)4 = 16 0
4 IB
x 0 = 4
3
1
3
Kt lun: Ti M 0; phng trnh tip tuyn: y = x +
2
4
2
5
1
7
Ti M 4; phng trnh tip tuyn: y = x +
3
4
2
x +1
(C). Tm gi tr nh nht ca m sao cho tn ti t nht mt im M
2x 1
(C) m tip tuyn ti M ca (C) to vi hai trc ta mt tam gic c trng tm nm trn
ng thng y = 2m 1
Gii
Gi M (xo ; yo ) l ta tip im
Phng trnh tip tuyn ti im M (xo ; yo ) l y =
3
(2xo 1)2
(x xo ) + yo
Gi A, B l giao im ca tip tuyn vi trc honh, trc tung tng ng

Nn ta c: yB =
2xo2 + 4xo 1
(2xo 1)2
v trng tm G ca tam gic OAB c yG =
Theo gi thit trng tm nm trn ng thng y = 2m + 1 nn
Ta li c:
2xo2 + 4xo 1
3(2xo 1)2
6xo2 (2xo 1)2

(2xo 1)2
6xo2
(2xo 1)
2xo2 + 4xo 1
3(2xo 1)2
2xo2 + 4xo 1
3(2xo 1)2
= 2m 1
1 1
1
1
Vy, tn ti t nht mt im M tha mn iu kin bi ton 2m - 1 m
3
3
HT 138. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 10 (C ). Vit phng trnh tip tuyn chung ca th hm s

(C) vi Parabol (P ) : y = x 2 5x + 6.
Gii
Gi y = ax + b l tip tuyn chung. Gi x1, x 2 l hai tip im ta c h phng trnh:
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ax1 + b = x1 5x1 + 6
a = 2x 5
1
ax 2 + b = x 23 + 3x 2 10
a = 3x 22 + 3
T (2) v (4) 2x 1 5 =
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
3x 22
+ 3 x1 =
3x 22 + 8
2
(5)
T (1), (2) x12 5x1 + 6 = x1(2x1 5) + b b = 6 x 12 (6)

Thay (5), (6) vo (2), (3)
(3x
2
22
3x 2 + 8 2
9 4
3
3
2
+ 3 .x 2 + 6 2
= x 2 + 3x 2 10 x 2 + 2x 2 12x 2 = 0
2
4
1
x 22 (9x 22 8x 2 + 48) = 0
4
x = 0
2
9x 2 8x + 48 = 0 (vn )
2
2
y = 3x 10 l phng trnh tip tuyn chung cn tm
2x 1
(C ). Tm cc gi tr ca m th hm s (C) tip xc vi ng
x 1
thng y = mx + 5.
Gii
Gi x 0 l honh tip im A, suy ra phng trnh tip tuyn ti A l:
y = y '(x 0 )(x x 0 ) + y(x 0 ) = y '(x 0 )x 0 + y(x 0 ).

Tc l ta c: m = y '(x 0 ) =
T ta c:
1
(x 0 1)2
v y '(x 0 )x 0 + y(x 0 ) = 4
2x 0 1
2
x
+
= 5 3x 02 8x 0 + 4 = 0 x 0 = 2 hoc x 0 =
2 0
3
x0 1
(x 0 1)
1
KL: m = 1 hoc m = 9
HT 140. Cho hm s y = x 4 6x 2 + 5 (C ). Tm m ng thng y = mx m tip xc vi

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GV.Lu Huy Thng
0968.393.899
th (C).
Gii
ng thng y = mx m tip xc vi th hm s
2
4
x 6x + 5 = mx m
c nghim
3
4x 12x = m
x = 1
x = 1 m = 8
3
3
2
2
x + x 5x 5 = m x + x 5x 5 = m
(I )
3
4x 3 12x = m
4x 12x = m
2
3
x + x 5x 5 = m
Gii h (I): 3
4x 12x = m
Ta c: x 3 + x 2 5x 5 = 4x 3 12x 3x 3 x 2 7x + 5 = 0
x = 1 m = 8

x = 5 m = 40
3
27
m = 8
KL:
m = 40
27
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PHN 5: BIN LUN S NGHIM CA PHNG TRNH

HT 141.
Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 + 1 .
1) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s.

2) Tm m phng trnh x 3 3x 2 = m 3 3m 2 c ba nghim phn bit.
PT x 3 3x 2 = m 3 3m 2 x 3 + 3x 2 + 1 = m 3 + 3m 2 + 1 . t k = m 3 + 3m 2 + 1
S nghim ca PT bng s giao im ca th (C) vi ng thng d: y = k
Da vo th (C) ta c PT c 3 nghim phn bit 1 < k < 5 m (1; 3) \ {0;2}
HT 142.
Cho hm s y = x 4 5x 2 + 4 c th (C).

2) Tm m phng trnh | x 4 5x 2 + 4 |= log2 m c 6 nghim.
9
9
Da vo th ta c PT c 6 nghim log12 m = m = 12 4 = 144 4 12 .
4
HT 143.
Cho hm s: y = x 4 2x 2 + 1 .

2) Bin lun theo m s nghim ca phng trnh: x 4 2x 2 + 1 + log2 m = 0
x 4 2x 2 + 1 + log2 m = 0 x 4 2x 2 + 1 = log2 m
(m > 0)
(*)
+ S nghim ca (*) l s giao im ca 2 th y = x 4 2x 2 + 1 v y = log2 m

+ T th suy ra:
0<m <
1
2
2 nghim
m=
1
2
3 nghim
1
<m <1
2
m =1
m >1
4 nghim
2 nghim
v nghim
HT 144. Cho hm s y = f (x ) = 8x 4 9x 2 + 1 .
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2) Da vo th (C) hy bin lun theo m s nghim ca phng trnh:
8 cos4 x 9 cos2 x + m = 0 vi x [0; ]
Xt phng trnh: 8 cos4 x 9 cos2 x + m = 0 vi x [0; ]
(1)
t t = cos x , phng trnh (1) tr thnh: 8t 4 9t 2 + m = 0
(2)
V x [0; ] nn t [1;1] , gia x v t c s tng ng mt i mt, do s nghim ca

phng trnh (1) v (2) bng nhau.
Ta c: (2) 8t 4 9t 2 + 1 = 1 m
(3)
Gi (C1): y = 8t 4 9t 2 + 1 vi t [1;1] v (d): y = 1 m . Phng trnh (3) l phng trnh

honh giao im ca (C1) v (d).
Ch rng (C1) ging nh th (C) trong min 1 x 1 .
Da vo th ta c kt lun sau:
m<0
m=0
0 <m <1
v nghim
1 nghim
2 nghim
1m <
81
32
4 nghim
m=
81
32
2 nghim
m>
81
32
v nghim
3x 4
(C).
x 2
2
2) Tm cc gi tr ca m phng trnh sau c 2 nghim trn on 0; :
3
sin6 x + cos6 x = m ( sin4 x + cos4 x )

Xt phng trnh: sin6 x + cos6 x = m ( sin4 x + cos4 x ) (*)
3
1
1 sin2 2x = m 1 sin2 2x
4
2
4 3 sin2 2x = 2m(2 sin2 2x )
(1)
2
t t = sin2 2x . Vi x 0; th t 0;1 . Khi (1) tr thnh:
3
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GV.Lu Huy Thng

2m =
0968.393.899
3t 4
vi t 0;1

t 2
sin 2x = t
Nhn xt : vi mi t 0;1 ta c :
sin 2x = t

sin 2x = t
3
2
3
;1 t ;1
th t
(*) c 2 nghim thuc on 0;
3
4
2
3
7
1
7
Da vo th (C) ta c: y(1) < 2m y 1 < 2m < m
.
4
5
2
10
x +1
.
x 1

2) Bin lun theo m s nghim ca phng trnh
S nghim ca
x +1
x 1
x +1
x 1
= m.
= m bng s giao im ca th (C): y =
x +1
x 1
v y = m .
Da vo th ta suy ra c:
m < 1; m > 1
m = 1
1 < m 1
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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PHN 6: IM C BIT CA TH
HT 147. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x + 2 (C). Tm 2 im trn th hm s sao cho chng i xng
nhau qua tm M(1; 3).
Gii
Gi A (x 0 ; y 0 ) , B l im i xng vi A qua im M (1; 3) B (2 x 0 ;6 y 0 )
y = x 3 + 3x + 2
0
0
0
A, B (C )
3
6 y 0 = (2 x 0 ) + 3(2 x 0 ) + 2
6 = x 03 + 3x 0 + 2 (2 x 0 ) + 3 (2 x 0 ) + 2 6x 02 + 12x 0 + 6 = 0
x 0 = 1 y0 = 0
Vy 2 im cn tm l: (1; 0) v (1; 6)
HT 148. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x + 2 (C). Tm trn (C) hai im i xng nhau qua ng thng
d : 2x y + 2 = 0 .
Gii
Gi M (x 1; y1 ); N (x 2 ; y2 ) thuc (C) l hai im i xng qua ng thng d
x + x y + y
2
2
I l trung im ca AB nn I 1
; 1
, ta c I d
2
2
C:
y1 + y2
2
(x
=
3
1
) (
+ 3x1 + 2 + x 23 + 3x 2 + 2
2
) = 2. x
+ x2
2
+2
x + x = 0
3
1
2
(x1 + x 2 ) + 3x1x 2 (x1 + x 2 ) + 3 (x1 + x 2 ) = 2 (x1 + x 2 ) 2
2
x1 x1x 2 + x 2 = 1
Li c: MN d (x 2 x 1 ).1 + (y2 y1 ).2 = 0
7 (x 2 x1 ) 2 (x 2 x1 ) x12 + x1x 2 + x 22 = 0 x12 + x 1x 2 + x 22 =
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7
2
GV.Lu Huy Thng
0968.393.899
- Xt x1 + x 2 = 0 x1 =
7
7
; x2 =
2
2
x 2 x x + x 2 = 1
x 2 + x 2 = 9
1
1 2
2
2
1
4 v nghim
- Xt
x 2 + x x + x 2 = 7
5
1 2
2
xx =
1
2
1 2
4
7
1 7 7
1 7
Vy 2 im cn tm l: ;2
; ;2 +
2
2 2 2
2 2
HT 149.
Cho hm s y =
x3
11
+ x 2 + 3x . Tm trn th (C) hai im phn bit M, N i
3
3
xng nhau qua trc tung.

Gii
x = x 0
1
Hai im M (x 1; y1 ), N (x 2 ; y2 ) (C ) i xng nhau qua Oy 2
y1 = y2
x = 3
x = 3
x 2 = x1 0
1
1
3
hoc
x3
1 + x 2 + 3x 11 = x 2 + x 3 + 3x 11
x 2 = 3
x 2 = 3
2
1
1
2
3
3
3
3
16
16
Vy hai im thuc th (C) v i xng qua Oy l: M 3; , N 3; .
3
2x 1
(C). Tm im M thuc th (C) tip tuyn ca (C) ti M vi
x +1
ng thng i qua M v giao im hai ng tim cn c tch cc h s gc bng 9.

Gii
Giao im 2 tim cn l I (1;2) .
y yI
3
3
(C ) kIM = M
Gi M x 0 ;2
=
x 0 + 1
xM xI
(x 0 + 1)2
+ H s gc ca tip tuyn ti M: kM = y (x 0 ) =
3
2
(x 0 + 1)
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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x = 0
+ YCBT kM .kIM = 9 0
. Vy c 2 im M tha mn: M(0; 3) v M(2; 5)
x 0 = 2
2x + 1
x +1
(C). Tm trn (C) nhng im c tng khong cch n hai tim
cn ca (C) nh nht.
Gii
Gi M (x 0 ; y0 ) (C), ( x 0 1 ) th y 0 =
2x 0 + 1
x0 + 1
= 2
1
x0 + 1
Gi A, B ln lt l hnh chiu ca M trn TC v TCN th:

MA = x 0 + 1 , MB = y 0 2 =
1
x0 + 1
p dng BT C-si ta c: MA + MB 2 MA.MB = 2 x 0 + 1 .
MA + MB nh nht bng 2 khi x 0 + 1 =
1
=2
x0 + 1
x = 0
0
.
x
=
2
x0 + 1
0
1
Vy ta c hai im cn tm l (0; 1) v (2; 3).

Cu hi tng t:
a) y =
2x 1
x +1
S: x 0 = 1 3
3x 4
(C). Tm cc im thuc (C) cch u 2 tim cn.
x 2
Gii
Gi M (x ; y ) (C) v cch u 2 tim cn x = 2 v y = 3.
Ta
c:
x 2 = y 3 x 2 =
x
= (x 2)
x 2
3x 4
x
2 x 2 =
x 2
x 2
x = 1
x = 4
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Vy c 2 im tho mn bi l : M1( 1; 1) v M2(4; 6)

1 4 1 2
x x + 1 (C ). Tm im M thuc (C) sao cho tng khong cch t
4
2
im M n hai trc ta l nh nht.

Gii
th (C) ct Oy ti A(0;1) , nn tng khong cch t A n hai trc ta bng 1. th hm s
3 3
c hai im cc tiu: 1; ; 1; v nhn trc Oy lm trc i xng nn ta ch cn xt
4 4
M (x 0 ; y0 ) (C ) v 0 x 0 1
Tng khong cch t M n hai trc ta l:
x 0 + y 0 = x 0 + y0 = x 0 +
1 4 1 2
1
1
x 0 x 0 + 1 = x 04 + x 0 (2 x 0 ) + 1 1
4
2
4
2
Vi mi x 0 : 0 x 0 1, ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi x 0 = 0 y0 = 1. Vy im M (0;1)
HT 154. Cho hm s y 0 = 2x 04 3x 02 + 2x 0 + 1 c th l (C) v ng thng () = 2x 1 .Tm

trn th (C) im A c khong cch n () l nh nht
Gii
Gi s A(x 0, y0 ) (C ) ,ta c: y 0 = 2x 04 3x 02 + 2x 0 + 1
Khong cch t A n ( ) l :
d (A, ) =
| 2x 04 3x 02 + 2x 0 + 1 2x 0 + 1 |
| 2x 04 3x 02 + 2 |
2x 04 3x 02 + 2
2 4
2 2 3
7
7
2 3
=
x 0 2x 0 + 1 =
x 0 +
4
4
16 8 5
5
5
Mind=
7
8 5
khi x 0 =
3
2
3
3
1
; 3 ; A2 ; + 3
Vy c hai im cn tm: A1
8
8
2
2
x +1
. Tm trn th hm s im M sao cho tng khong cch t M n
x2
hai trc ta l nh nht.
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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Gii
Gi s M (x 0 ; y0 ) (C ) ;d =| x 0 | + | y0 |
1
1
Ta c : M 0; (C ) v dM =
2
2
Da vo th ta c:
i) | x 0 |>
1
1
th d >
2
2
ii) 0 < x 0 <
1
1
1
th y 0 < d >
2
2
2
d = x 0 y 0 = x 0
Tm GTNN ca y =
'
Ta c: y =
x0 + 1
x0 2
x 2 + x 1
x 2
x 2 + 4x 1
(x 2)2
Vy miny= y (0) =
x 02 + x 0 1
x0 2
1
trn ; 0
2
1
< 0, x ; 0 y gim trn
2
1
; 0
2
1
1
v im M cn tm l M 0;
2
2
2x 4
. Tm trn (C) hai im i xng nhau qua ng thng MN bit
x +1
M(3; 0) v N(1; 1).

Gii
MN = (2; 1) Phng trnh MN: x + 2y + 3 = 0 .
Phng trnh ng thng (d) MN c dng: y = 2x + m .

Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) v (d):
2x 4
= 2x + m 2x 2 + mx + m + 4 = 0 (x 1)
x +1
(1)
(d) ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B = m 2 8m 32 > 0
(2)
Khi A(x 1;2x 1 + m ), B(x 2 ;2x 2 + m ) vi x 1, x 2 l cc nghim ca (1)
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x + x
m m
2
Trung im ca AB l I 1
; x 1 + x 2 + m I ; (theo nh l Vi-et)
2
4 2
A, B i xng nhau qua MN I MN m = 4

x = 0
Suy ra (1) 2x 2 4x = 0
A(0; 4), B(2; 0).
x = 2
2x
x 1
. Tm trn th (C) hai im B, C thuc hai nhnh sao cho tam gic
ABC vung cn ti nh A vi A(2; 0).

Gii
Ta c (C ) : y = 2 +
2
2
, C c; 2 +
vi b < 1 < c .
. Gi B b; 2 +
x 1
b 1
c 1
2
Gi H, K ln lt l hnh chiu ca B, C ln trc Ox.

Ta c: AB = AC ; BAC = 900 CAK + BAH = 900 = CAK + ACK BAH = ACK
v:
AH = CK
BHA = CKA = 900 ABH = CAK
HB = AK
2 b = 2 + 2
b = 1
c 1
Hay:
.
c = 3
2 + b 1 = c 2
Vy B(1;1), C (3; 3)
2x 1
. Tm ta im M (C) sao cho khong cch t im I (1; 2)
x +1
ti tip tuyn ca (C) ti M l ln nht.

Gii
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GV.Lu Huy Thng
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3
Gi s M x 0 ; 2
(C ) . PTTT ca (C) ti M l:
x 0 + 1
y 2 +
3
3
(x x 0 ) 3(x x 0 ) (x 0 + 1)2 (y 2) 3(x 0 + 1) = 0
=
x 0 + 1 (x + 1)2
0
Khong cch t I (1;2) ti tip tuyn l:
d=
3(1 x 0 ) 3(x 0 + 1)
4
9
2
(x 0 + 1)
9
2
(x 0 + 1)
+ (x 0 + 1)2
+ (x 0 + 1)2 2 9 = 6 d 6 .
Khong cch d ln nht bng
6 khi
(x 0 + 1)
Vy c hai im cn tm l: M 1 + 3 ;2 3
9 + (x 0 + 1)
9 + (x 0 + 1)
Theo BT Csi:
6 x0 + 1
= (x 0 + 1)2 (x 0 + 1) = 3 x 0 = 1 3 .
) hoc M (1
3 ;2 + 3
x +2
. Tm nhng im trn th (C) cch u hai im A(2; 0) v
2x 1
B(0; 2).
Gii
PT ng trung trc an AB: y = x .
Nhng im thuc th cch u A v B c honh l nghim ca PT:
x = 1 5
x +2
2
= x x2 x 1 = 0
2x 1
1
5
+
x =
1 5 1 5 1 + 5 1 + 5
,
,
Hai im cn tm l:
2
2 2
2
x 3
. Tm trn hai nhnh ca th (C) hai im A v B sao cho AB
x +1
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ngn nht.
Gii
Tp xc nh D = R \ { 1} . Tim cn ng x = 1 .
4
4
Gi s A 1 a;1 + , B 1 + b;1 (vi a > 0,b > 0 ) l 2 im thuc 2 nhnh ca (C)
a
b
1 1 2
16
16
64
AB = (a + b) + 16 + = (a + b)2 1 + 2 2 4ab 1 + 2 2 = 4ab +
32
a b
ab
a b
a b
a = b
a = b a = b = 4 4
AB nh nht AB = 4 2
16
4
4ab =
a = 4
ab
Khi : A (1 4 4;1 + 4 64 ), B (1 + 4 4;1 4 64 ) .
HT 161. Cho hm s y = x 4 2x 2 + 1 Tm ta hai im P. Q thuc (C) sao cho ng thng PQ

song song vi trc honh v khong cch t im cc i ca (C) n ng thng PQ bng 8
Gii
Phng trnh ng thng PQ c dng: y = m (m 0)
V im cc i A(0;1) cch PQ mt khong bng 8 nn m = 9
Khi , honh P, Q l nghim ca phng trnh: x 4 2x 2 8 = 0 x = 2
Vy, P(-2;9), Q(2;9) hoc P(2;9); Q(-2;9)
1 3
5
x + x 2 3x + (C). Gi A v B l giao im ca (C) v trc Ox. Chng
3
3
minh rng, trn th tn ti hai im cng nhn on AB di mt gc vung.

Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca th vi trc honh:
1 3
5
x + x 2 3x + = 0
3
3
x = 1
x = 5 A(-5;0) v B(1;0)
1
5
Gi M thuc (C) M a; a 3 + a 2 3a + khc A, B
3
3
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1
5
1
5
AM a + 5; a 3 + a 2 3a + ; BM a 1; a 3 + a 2 3a +
3
3
3
3
Theo gi thit: AM BM AM .BM = 0 (a + 5)(a 1) + (a 1)2 (a + 5)2 = 0

3
Do M khc A, B nn a khc -5 v a khc 1 nn phng trnh tng ng:

1
1 + (a 1)3 (a + 5) = 0 hay a 4 + 2a 3 12a 2 + 14a + 4 = 0 (*)
9
t: y = a 4 + 2a 3 12a 2 + 14a + 4 c tp xc nh l
y ' = 4a 3 + 6a 2 12a + 14; y ' = 0 c 1 nghim thc ao
a -
y
- 0
+
y
1
+
-
7
2043
yo
2
16
+
- +
9
T bng bin thin ta c: (*) lun c hai nghim khc 1 v -5

Vy lun tn ti 2 im cng nhn on AB di mt gc vung
mx + 8
. Chng minh rng mi im khng nm trn ng phn gic
3x + m
th nht ca mt phng lun c duy nht mt th ca hm s i qua.

Gii
Gi M (x 0 ; y0 ) d; y = x x 0 y0
iu kin th hm s i qua M (x 0 ; y0 ) l phng trnh sau c nghim :
y0 =
mx 0 + 8
3x 0 + m
3x 0y 0 + y 0m = x 0m + 8
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(x 0 y 0 )m = 3x 0y 0 8 m =
3x 0y0 8
x 0 y0
(*)
Nhn vo biu thc (*) ta thy, ng vi mi cp im (x 0 ; y 0 ) ta lun c 1 gi tr ca m duy nht

tng ng. Suy ra iu phi chng minh.
(3m + 1)x m 2 + m
. Tm cc im thuc ng thng x = 1 m khng
x +m
c th i qua.
Gii
Gi im M (1; a ) l im tha mn yu cu bi ton.
V khng c th no i qua im M (1; a ) Phng trnh : a =
3m + 1 m 2 + m
(1) khng c
1+m
nghim m.
Vi iu kin m 1 ta c (1) m 2 + (a 4)m + a 1 = 0 (2)
(1) v nghim th phng trnh (2) xy ra 1 trong hai trng hp :
-
(2) v nghim
(2) c nghim kp m1,2 = 1
Trng hp 1 : (2) v nghim
< 0 (a 4)2 4(a 1) < 0 a 2 12a + 20 < 0 2 < a < 10

Trng hp 2 : (2) c nghim kp bng -1
a = 2
= 0
4 a
a = 10 vn
= 1
2
a = 6
Kt lun : Nh vy tp hp cc im thuc ng thng x = 1 c tung bng a vi a tha mn :
2 < a < 10
HT 165. Cho hm s y = x 4 2mx 2 + m 2 + 1. Chng minh rng mi im thuc ng thng

y = 1 lun c duy nht mt th ca hm s i qua.
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Gii
Gi A(a;1) d : y = 1
th hm s qua A a 4 2ma 2 + m 2 + 1 = 1 a 4 2ma 2 + m 2 = 0
(m a 2 )2 = 0 m = a 2 (*)
Da vo (*) ta c, ng vi mi gi tr ca a ta lun c 1 gi tr m tng ng.
Suy ra, mi im trn y = 1 lun c duy nht 1 gi tr m th hm s i qua.
Suy ra iu phi chng minh.
HT 166. Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx + 2m. Chng minh rng vi mi m th th hm s lun i

qua im c nh duy nht.
Gii
Gi s A(a;b) l im c nh ca th hm s.
b = a 3 3ma + 2m
m(3a + 2) + a 3 b = 0 (1)
th hm s lun qua A vi mi m th phng trnh (1) c nghim vi m
a = 2
3a + 2 = 0
3
3

a b = 0
b =
27
2 8
Vy th hm s lun i qua im c nh duy nht : A ; . Suy ra iu phi chng minh.
3 27
HT 167. Cho hm s y = (m + 2)x 3 + 2(m + 2)x 2 (m + 3)x 2m + 1. Chng minh rng th
hm s lun i qua 3 im c nh thng hng.
Gii
Xt h ng cong: y = (m + 2)x 3 + 2(m + 2)x 2 (m + 3)x 2m + 1.
Gi M (x 0 ; y0 ) l im c nh cn tm. Khi ta c:
y 0 = (m + 2)x 03 + 2(m + 2)x 02 (m + 3)x 0 2m + 1 m
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(x 03 + 2x 02 x 0 2)m + (2x 03 + 4x 02 3x 0 + 1 y 0 ) = 0 m
2
3
x 0 + 2x 0 x 0 2 = 0
3
2x + 4x 2 3x + 1 y = 0
0
0
0
0
(1)
(2)
x = 2 y = 7
0
0
(1) (x 0 + 2)(x 02 1) = 0 x 0 = 1 y 0 = 6
x 0 = 1 y 0 = 4
Vy ta c 3 im c nh l: A(2; 7), B(1; 6),C (1; 4)
AB = (1; 1), AC = (3; 3) AC = 3AB
Suy ra A, B, C thng hng.
HT 168. Cho hm s y = (m + 1)x 3 (2m 1)x m + 1. Chng minh rng th hm s lun i

qua 3 im c nh thng hng.
Gii
Xt h ng cong: y = (m + 1)x 3 (2m 1)x m + 1
Gi M (x 0 ; y0 ) l im c nh cn tm. Tng t bi trc ta c h phng trnh sau:
3
x 0 2x 0 1 = 0
y x 3 + x 1 = 0
0
0
0
(1)
(2)
(2) y0 = x 03 2x 0 1 + x 0 + 2 = x 0 + 2
(1) (x 0 + 1)(x 02 x 0 1) = 0 (1) c 3 nghim phn bit.
Nn 3 im u tha mn: y 0 = x 0 + 2. Vy 3 im thuc ng thng y = x + 2.

HT 169. Cho hm s y = (m 3)x 3 4(m 3)x 2 (m + 1)x + m. Chng minh rng th hm s
lun i qua 3 im c nh thng hng.
Gii
Xt h ng cong y = (m 3)x 3 4(m 3)x 2 (m + 1)x + m.
Gi M (x 0 ; y0 ) l im c nh cn tm. Tng t bi trn ta c h sau xc nh x 0 , y 0
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2
3
(1)
x 0 4x 0 x 0 + 1 = 0
y + 3x 3 12x 2 + x = 0 (2)
0
0
0
0
(2) y 0 = 3x 03 12x 02 x 0 = 3(x 03 4x 02 x 0 + 1) 4x 0 + 3 = 4x 0 + 3
Ta chng minh (1) c 3 nghim phn bit:

Xt hm s: f (x ) = x 3 4x 2 x + 1 Hm s lin tc trn
C: f (1) = 3, f (0) = 1, f (1) = 3, f (5) = 21
f (1).f (0) = 3 < 0 x1 (1; 0) : f (x1 ) = 0

f (0).f (1) = 3 < 0 x 2 (0;1) : f (x 2 ) = 0
f (1).f (5) = 63 < 0 x 3 (1;5) : f (x 3 ) = 0
V x 1 < x 2 < x 3 nn phng trnh c 3 nghim phn bit.
Vy 3 im c nh thng hng u nm trn ng thng y = 4x + 3
HT 170. Cho hm s y = mx 3 + (1 m )x . Tm cc im trn mt phng ta sao cho khng c
ng cong no ca h th i qua.
Gii
Gi M (x 0 ; y0 ) l im cn tm. Khi phng trnh sau vi m l n:
y 0 = mx 03 + (1 m )x 0 (1) v nghim.
D thy (1) y 0 x 0 = m(x 03 x 0 ) (2).

Ta c: (2) v nghim khi v ch khi h sau tha mn:
x = 0
x 3 x = 0
0
0
0
x 0 = 1
y 0 x 0 0
y 0 x 0
Vy cc im cn tm nm trn 3 ng thng: x = 0, x = 1, x = 1 b i 3 im
A(0; 0), B(1;1),C (1; 1)
HT 171. Cho hm s y = x 3 m 3x 2 + 2mx + m 2 1. Tm cc im trn mt phng ta m

th hm s khng qua vi mi m.
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Gii

y 0 = x 03 m 3x 02 + 2mx 0 + m 2 1 (1) v nghim
Ta vit li: m 3x 02 m 2 2mx 0 + y 0 + 1 x 03 = 0 (2) v nghim

Nu x 0 m th (2) l phng trnh bc 3. Ta bit rng mi phng trnh bc 3 u c t nht 1
nghim. V th (2) v nghim th x 0 = 0
Vi x 0 = 0 th (2) tr thnh: m 2 + y 0 + 1 = 0 m 2 = y 0 + 1 (3)
(3) v nghim y 0 + 1 < 0 y 0 < 1. Vy tp hp cc im l na ng thng: x = 0 vi
y < 1.
HT 172. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 2(m 1)x 2 + (m 2 4m + 1)x 2(m 2 + 1). Tm cc im trn mt

phng ta sao cho th khng qua vi mi m.
Gii
y 0 = x 03 + 2(m 1)x 02 + (m 2 4m + 1)x 0 2(m 2 + 1) (1) v nghim.
Vit li (1) thnh: (x 0 2)m 2 + 2x 0 (x 0 2)m + x 03 2x 02 + x 0 2 y 0 = 0 (2).

Xt cc kh nng sau:
Trng hp 1: x 0 2. Khi (2) v nghim khi:
' = x 02 (x 0 2)2 (x 03 2x 02 + x 0 2 y 0 )(x 0 2) < 0
(x 0 2)(x 03 2x 02 x 03 + 2x 02 x 0 + 2 + y 0 ) < 0
x 2 < 0
0
x 0 + y 0 + 2 > 0
(x 0 2)(x 0 + y 0 + 2) < 0
x 0 2 > 0
x 0 + y 0 + 2 < 0
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2x 1
(C ). Tm trn th (C) hai im A, B phn bit sao cho ba im
x 1
A, B, I (0; 1) thng hng ng thi tha mn: IA.IB = 4.
Gii
Do A, B, I (0; 1) thng hng nn A, B nm trn ng thng qua I (0; 1). Do A, B thuc
th hm s (C) nn A, B l giao im ca th hm s (C) vi ng thng : y = kx 1
Xt phng trnh honh giao im ca (C) v ta c:
2x 1
= kx 1 kx 2 (k + 3)x + 2 = 0 (*);(x 1)
x 1
ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B phng trnh (*) c hai nghim phn bit khc 1
k 0
= k 2 2k + 9 > 0 k 0
k (k + 3) + 2 0
Gi A(x1; y1 ); B(x 2 ; y2 ) do A, B thuc nn y1 = kx1 1; y2 = kx 2 1

Ta c: IA.IB = 4 x12 + kx12 . x 22 + kx 22 = 4
Theo Viet ta c: x 1x 2 =
x 1x 2 (k 2 + 1) = 4
2
2
thay vo ta c: (k 2 + 1) = 4 k = 1
k
k
) (
Vi k = 1 ta c: A 2 2;1 2 ; B 2 + 2;1 + 2
) (
Vi k = 1 ta c: A 1 3; 2 + 3 ; B 1 + 3; 2 3
2x 4
(C ) . Tm trn th (C ) hai im A, B i xng nhau qua ng
x +1
thng MN, bit M (3; 0), N (1; 1) .
HT 174.
Cho hm s y =
Gii
Phng trnh ng thng MN: x + 2y + 3 = 0
Xt hai im A, B trn th (C), ta c: A a;2
6
6
, B b;2
, a , b 1
a + 1
b + 1
a + b
3
3
l trung im ca on AB
;2
2
a + 1 b + 1
Gi I
Theo yu cu bi ton ta c:
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b a 3 + 3 = 0
AB MN
AB
MN
.
=
0
a +1 b +1

...
I MN
I MN
b + a
6
6
= 7
a +1 b +1
2
a = 2
b = 0
a = 0
b = 2
Vy, A(2; 0); B(0; 4) hoc B(2; 0); A(0; 4)
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CC BI TNG HP
2x + 3
(C ). Tm m ng thng d : y = 2x + m ct th ti hai im
x 2
phn bit sao cho tip tuyn ti hai im ca th hm s song song vi nhau.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca d vi th (C) l:
2x + 3
= 2x + m 2x 2 + (m 6)x 2m 3 = 0(1) (x = 2 khng l nghim ca phng trnh)
x 2
d ct (C) ti hai im phn bit m tip tuyn ti song song vi nhau
(1) c hai nghim phn bit x1; x 2 tha mn: y '(x 1 ) = y '(x 2 ) hay x 1 + x 2 = 4
2
= (m 6) + 8(2m + 3) > 0
6 m
m = 2
=4
2
4 3
1
x (2m + 1)x 2 + (m + 2)x + (C m ). Gi A l giao im ca (C m ) vi
3
3
trc tung. Tm m sao cho tip tuyn ca (C m ) ti A to vi hai trc ta mt tam gic c din
tch bng
1
.
3
Gii
1
Ta c: A 0; v y ' = 4x 2 2(2m + 1)x + m + 2. Suy ra y '(0) = m + 2.
3
1
1
; 0.
Tip tuyn ca th ti A l d : y = (m + 2)x + . ng thng d ct Ox ti B
3
3m + 6
Khi , din tch tam gic to bi d vi hai trc ta l:
1
1 1 1
1
S = OAOB
.
= .
=
2
2 3 3m + 6
18 m + 2
m = 13
1
1
1
6
Theo gi thit ta c:
= m +2 =
11
3
6
18 m + 2
m =
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HT 177. Cho hm s y = x 3 2mx 2 + 2mx 1 (C ). Tm m th hm s (C) ct trc honh ti

3 im phn bit A(1; 0), B v C sao cho k1 + k2 = BC . 5 trong k1, k2 ln lt l h s gc tip
tuyn ti B, C ca th hm s (C).
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca th vi Ox :
x = 1
2
x 2mx + 2mx 1 = 0 (x 1) x + (1 2m )x + 1 = 0 2
x + (1 2m)x + 1 = 0 (*)
3
th hm s ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit th phng trnh (*) phi c 2 nghim phn
bit khc 1.
Tc l phng trnh: x 2 + (1 2m)x + 1 = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit khc 1
m 1
m 1
= 4m 2 4m 3 > 0
1 + (1 2m ) + 1 0
m
3
2
Gi s B(x1; 0),C (x 2 ; 0)
V x1, x 2 l 2 nghim phn bit ca phng trnh (*) nn theo nh l Viet ta c:
x 1 + x 2 = 2m 1 v x 1.x 2 = 1
Ta c: BC = (x 2 x1 )2 = (x 1 + x 2 )2 4x1.x 2 = 4m 2 4m 3
Mt khc: k1 + k2 = 3x 12 4mx 1 + 2m + 3x 22 4mx 2 + 2m
= 3(x 1 + x 2 )2 6x 1x 2 4m(x 1 + x 2 ) + 4m = 4m 2 4m 3
Theo gi thit ta c: k1 + k2 = BC 5
4m 2 4m 3 = 5(4m 2 4m 3)
4m 2 4m 3 = 5 V 4m 2 4m 3 > 0
m = 1 (t / m )
m 2 m 2 = 0
m = 2 (t / m )
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m = 1
KL:
m = 2
HT 178. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + mx + 2 m (C m ). Tm m (C m ) ct trc honh ti 3 im

phn bit A, B,C sao cho tng cc h s gc ca tip tuyn ca (C m ) ti A, B,C bng 3.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C m ) vi trc honh l:
x = 1
x 3 3x 2 + mx + 2 m = 0 (1) (x 1)(x 2 2x + m 2) = 0 2
x 2x + m 2 = 0 (2)
(C m ) ct trc Ox ti 3 im phn bit (1) c 3 nghim phn bit (2) c 2 nghim phn bit
> 0
3 m > 0 m < 3(*)
khc 1
f (1) 0, f (x ) = x 2 2x + m 2
m 3
x + x = 2
2
Khi , gi x1, x 2 l hai nghim ca (2). Theo Viet ta c: 1
(**), f '(x ) = 3x 2 6x + m
x1x 2 = m 2
3m = 6 m = 2 (tha mn (*))
KL: m = 2
x +3
(C ) Lp phng trnh tip tuyn d vi th (C) bit tip
x 1
tuyn ct hai ng tim cn ca (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho din tch ng trn
ngoi tip tam gic IAB bng 17 , vi I l giao im ca hai ng tim cn.
Gii
x + 3
(C ) l tip im
Gi M x 0 ; 0
x 0 1
HT 179.
Cho hm s y =
Phng trnh tip tuyn ca d ti M l y =
x0 + 3
(
x
x
)
+
0
x0 1
(x 0 1)2
4
x + 7
Tip tuyn d ct vi tim cn ng ti A 1; 0

x 0 1
Tip tuyn d ct vi tim cn ngang ti B (2x 0 1;1)

V tam gic IAB vung ti I nn bn knh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic IAB:
R=
AB
16
= (x 0 1)2 +
2
(x 0 1)2
Theo gi thit ta c: S = 17 R 2 = 17 (x 0 1)4 17(x 0 1)2 + 16 = 0

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x
0
x
0
x 0
x
0
0968.393.899
y
=0
4 tip tuyn:
=2
y
y
=3
= 1
HT 180.
Cho hm s y =
= x 2
= 4x 3
= 4x + 13
= x + 6
x +m
(m 1) (1). Gi k1 l h s gc ca tip tuyn ti giao im
x +1
ca th hm s (1) vi trc honh. Gi k2 l h s gc ca tip tuyn vi th hm s (1) ti

im c honh x = 1. Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m sao cho k1 + k2 t gi tr nh nht.
Gii
Ta c: y ' =
1m
(x + 1)2
Honh giao im ca th hm s (1) vi trc honh l x = m

H s gc ca tip tuyn:
Ti im c honh x = m l k =
Ti im c honh x = 1 l k2 =
Ta c: k1 + k2 =
1
1m
1m
4
1
1m
1
1m
+
=
+
1, m 1
1m
4
1m
4
ng thc xy ra khi:
1
1m
1m
4
1 m = 2

m
1
m = 1
m = 3
Vy: k1 + k2 t gi tr nh nht bng 1 khi m { 1; 3}

1
2
Cho hm s y = x 3 + x (C ). Gi M l im thuc th (C) c honh x = 2
3
3
. Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m tip tuyn vi (C) ti M song song vi ng thng
HT 181.
d : y = (m 2 4)x +
9m + 5
3
Gii
Ta c y(2) =
4
4
M 2;
3
3
Tip tuyn vi (C) ti M c phng trnh:

y = y '(2)(x 2)
4
4
14
y = 3(x 2) y = 3x +
3
3
3
m 2 4 = 3
2
m = 1
Ta c: / /d 9m + 5 14
m = 1.
m 1
3
3
Kt lun: m = 1
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x +2
(C ) Vit phng trnh ng thng d1; d2 i qua giao im I
x 1
ca hai tim cn v ct th (C) ti 4 im phn bit l cc nh ca mt hnh ch nht bit
HT 182.
Cho hm s: y =
ng cho hnh ch nht c di bng
30.
Gii
Do I (1;1) l tm i xng ca th hm s. Gi s d1 ct (C) ti A, B; d2 ct (C) Ti C v D th I l
trung im ca AB v CD. Do , ACBD l hnh bnh hnh. ACBD l hnh ch nht tha mn
bi th AB = CD = 30
Gi d1 l ng thng qua I c h s gc l k
Phng trnh ng thng d1 : y = k (x 1) + 1 y = kx k + 1
Phng trnh honh giao im ca d1 v (C) l:
x +2
= kx k + 1
x 1
kx 2 2kx + k 3 = 0 (1). d1 ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A(x 1; y1 ), B(x 2 ; y2 ) th (1) c 2
nghim phn bit 1 k > 0

x + x = 2
1
2
p dng nh l Viet ta c:
x x = k 3
1 2
k
y + y = 2
y = kx k + 1
1
2
1
1

Do :
y2 = kx 2 k + 1 y1y2 = k 2x1x 2 k(k 1)(x1 + x 2 ) + (k 1)2 = 1 3k
AB = 30 th:
(x1 x 2 )2 + (y1 y2 )2 = 30 (x1 + x 2 )2 + (y1 + y2 )2 4x 1x 2 4y1y2 = 30
1
2
Vy, d1 : 2x y 1 = 0; d2 : x 2y + 1 = 0 hoc ngc li
12k 2 30k + 12 = 0 k = 2 k =
HT 183.
Cho hm s y = x 3 mx + m 1 (1), m l tham s. Tm m tip tuyn ca th
hm s (1) ti M c honh x = 1, ct ng trn (C) tm I (2; 3) bn knh R = 2 theo 1 dy

cung AB c di nh nht.
Gii
Ta c: y '(1) = 3 m
Phng trnh tip tuyn ti M (1;2m 2) l:
: y = (3 m )(x + 1) + 2m 2 = (3 m )x + m + 1 (3 m )x y + m + 1 = 0
(C ) th d(I , ) < 2. Nhn thy dy cung AB nh nht khi d(I , ) ln nht
d(I , ) =
4 m
(3 m )2 + 1
Ta c: d(I , ) =
4 m
(3 m )2 + 1
(3 m ) + 1
(3 m )2 + 1
2 (3 m )2 + 1
(3 m )2 + 1
d(I , ) 2 < R
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Ta c tip tuyn lun ct ng trn (C) hai im phn bit.

AB min d (I , ) = 2 m = 2
Kt lun: m = 2
x +2
(C ). Tm cc gi tr ca tham s m ng thng
2x 1
d : y = x + m ct th (C) ti cc im A, B phn bit sao cho trng tm G ca tam gic OAB cch
HT 184.
Cho hm s y =
ng thng d mt khong bng 2 (vi O l gc ta ).

Gii
x +2
1
= x + m g(x ) = 2x 2 + 2(m 1)x m 2 = 0, x
2x 1
2
ng thng d ct (C) ti A, B phn bit khi v ch khi phng trnh g (x ) = 0 c hai nghim phn
(m 1)2 + 2(m + 2) = m 2 + 5 > 0

' > 0
1
bit khc 1
1
m
2
g
(
)
0
m
1
m
2
0
+
2
2
Gi x 1, x 2 l cc nghim ca g(x ) = 0 A(x1; x1 + m ) v B(x 2 ; x 2 + m )
1 m 1 + m
;
iu kin O d m 0 trng tm G
3
3
Ta c: d(G, d ) =
1m 1+m
+m
3
3
m = 6
= 2
3 2
m = 6
m
HT 185. Cho hm s y = x 3 3x 2 + (m + 1)x + 1(1) . Tm m ng thng d : y = x + 1 ct

th hm s (1) ti 3 im phn bit P (0;1), M , N sao cho bn knh ng trn ngoi tip tam gic
OMN bng
5 2
vi O(0; 0).
2
Gii
(C) c hai im cc tr A(1;1), B(2; 0) AB = 2. Phng trnh ng thng
1
AB : x + y 2 = 0 . S ABN = d (N , AB ).AB = 3 d (N , AB ) = 3 2
2
Gi d l ng thng i qua N v d / /AB. Phng trnh ng thng d c dng:
x + y + c = 0 d (A, d ) = d (N , AB )
c +2
2
c = 4
= 3 2
c
=
N (0; 4)(l )
N (3; 5)
Vi N (3;5) gi s M (x 0 ; y 0 ) . Phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C) ti M l:
y = y '(x 0 )(x x 0 ) + y0
Do tip tuyn i qua N nn ta c: 5 = (6x 02 18x 0 + 12)(3 x 0 ) + 2x 03 9x 02 + 12x 0 4
x = 3(loai, vi N M )
3 25
0
Vy, M ;
(x 0 3) (4x 0 3) = 0
3
x =
4 32
0
4
2
Page 116
GV.Lu Huy Thng
0968.393.899
TUYN TP THI I HC T NM 2009

HT 186.
(H A 2009) Cho hm s y =
x +2
(1) . Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm
2x + 3
s (1), bit tip tuyn ct trc honh, trc tung ln lt ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho tam
gic OAB cn ti gc ta O.
Gii
Ta c, OAB vung cn ti O suy ra h s gc ca tip tuyn bng 1
Gi ta tip im l M (xo ; yo ) , ta c:
x = 2
0
=
2
(2xo + 3)
x 0 = 1
1
TH1: Vi x 0 = 1, y 0 = 1 Phng trnh tip tuyn y = x (loi v i qua gc ta O nn khng

tn ti OAB )
TH2: x 0 = 2; y0 = 0 Phng trnh tip tuyn y = x 2(t / m )
KL: y = x 2
HT 187. (H B 2009) Cho hm s: y = 2x 4 4x 2 (1) .Vi gi tr no ca m, phng trnh

x 2 x 2 2 = m c ng 6 nghim thc phn bit. /s: 0 < m < 1
HT 188. (H D 2009) Cho hm s y = x 4 (3m + 2)x 2 + 3m c th l (C m ) vi m l tham s. Tm

m ng thng y = 1 ct th (C m ) ti 4 im phn bit u c honh nh hn 2.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca (C m ) v ng thng y = 1; x 4 (3m + 2)x 2 + 3m = 1
t t = x 2, t 0 Phng trnh tr thnh: t 2 (3m + 2)t + 3m + 1 = 0
t = 1 hoc t = 3m + 1
0 < 3m + 1 < 4
1
Yu cu bi ton tng ng vi:
< m < 1, m 0
3m + 1 1
3
HT 189. (H A 2010) Cho hm s y = x 3 2x 2 + (1 m)x + m (1), vi m l tham s thc. Tm

m th (1) ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit c honh x 1, x 2, x 3 tha mn iu kin:
Page 117
GV.Lu Huy Thng
0968.393.899
x 12 + x 22 + x 32 < 4
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im: x 3 2x 2 + (1 m)x + m = 0
x = 1
(x 1)(x 2 x m ) = 0 2
x x m = 0(*)
th hm s (1) ct trc honh ti 3 im phn bit khi v ch khi phng trnh (*) c 2 nghim
phn bit, khc 1.
K hiu, g (x ) = x 2 x m; x1 = 1; x 2 v x 3 l cc nghim ca (*).
Yu cu bi ton khi v ch khi:
HT 190.
> 0
g (1) 0
x 2 + x 2 < 3
3
2
1 + 4m > 0
1
m 0
< m < 1 v m 0
4
1 + 2m < 3
(H B 2010) Cho hm s y =
2x + 1
(C ) . Tm m ng thng y = 2x + m
x +1
ct th (C ) ti hai im A v B sao cho tam gic OAB c din tch bng
3 (O l gc ta ).
Gii
2x + 1
= 2x + m
x +1
2x + 1 = (x + 1)(2x + m ) (do x = 1 khng l nghim ca phng trnh)

2x 2 + (4 m )x + 1 m = 0 (1)
= m 2 + 8 > 0 vi mi m, suy ra ng thng y = 2x + m lun ct th (C) ti hai im
phn bit A, B vi mi m
Gi A(x1; y2 ), B(x 2 ; y 2 ) trong x1, x 2 l cc nghim ca (1): y1 = 2x1 + m v y2 = 2x 2 + m
Ta c: d(O ,AB ) =
S OAB
HT 191.
m
5
v AB = (x1 x 2 )2 + (y1 y2 )2 = 5(x1 + x 2 )2 20x1x 2 =
m
1
= AB.d(O ,AB ) =
2
m2 + 8
4
, suy ra:
m2 + 8
4
5(m 2 + 8)
2
= 3 m = 2
(D 2010) Cho hm s y = x 4 x 2 + 6 (C ) . Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca

1
6
th (C) bit tip tuyn vung gc vi ng thng y = x 1
/s: y = 6x + 10
Page 118
GV.Lu Huy Thng
0968.393.899
x + 1
(C ) . Chng minh rng vi mi m ng thng
2x 1
y = x + m lun ct th (C ) ti hai im phn bit A v B. Gi k1, k2 ln lt l h s gc ca tip
HT 192.
(A 2011) Cho hm s y =
tuyn vi (C ) ti A v B. Tm m tng k1 + k2 t gi tr ln nht.

Gii
Honh giao im ca d : y = x + m v (C) l nghim ca phng trnh: x + m =
(x + m )(2x 1) = x + 1 (v x =
1
2
x + 1
2x 1
khng l nghim ca phng trnh)
2x 2 + 2mx m 1 = 0 (*)
' = m 2 + 2m + 2 > 0, m. Suy ra d lun ct (C) ti hai im phn bit vi mi m
Gi x1, x 2 l cc nghim ca (*), ta c:
k1 + k2 =
1
(2x 1 1)2
1
(2x 2 1)2
4(x1 + x 2 )2 8x 1x 2 4(x1 + x 2 ) + 2
4x x 2(x + x ) + 1 2
1 2
1
2
Theo nh l Viet, suy ra: k1 + k2 = 4m 2 8m 6 = 4(m + 1)2 2 2

Suy ra: k1 + k2 ln nht bng 2 , khi v ch khi m = 1.
HT 193. (B 2011) Cho hm s y = x 4 2(m + 1)x 2 + m (1) (vi m l tham s). Tm m
th hm s (1) c ba im cc tr A, B, C sao cho OA = BC; trong O l gc ta , A l im cc tr
thuc trc tung, B v C l hai im cc tr cn li.
Gii
y '(x ) = 4x 3 4(m + 1)x = 4x (x 2 m 1)

x = 0
y '(x ) = 0 2
x = m + 1 (1)
th hm s c 3 im cc tr khi v ch khi (1) c hai nghim phn bit khc 0 m > 1 (*)
) (
Khi : A(0; m ), B m + 1; m 2 m 1 ,C
m + 1; m 2 m 1
Suy ra: OA = BC m 2 = 4(m + 1) m 2 4m 4 = 0

m = 2 2 2 (tha mn (*)). Vy gi tr cn tm: m = 2 2 2
2x + 1
(C ) . Tm k ng thng y = kx + 2k + 1 ct th
x +1
(C ) ti hai im phn bit A, B sao cho khong cch t A v B n trc honh bng nhau.
HT 194. (D 2011) Cho hm s y =
Gii
Gi d : y = kx + 2k + 1, suy ra honh giao im ca d vi (C) l nghim ca phng trnh:
kx + 2k + 1 =
2x + 1
2x + 1 = (x + 1)(kx + 2k + 1)
x +1
(do x = 1 khng l nghim)
kx 2 + (3k 1)x + 2k = 0 (1).

Page 119
GV.Lu Huy Thng

d
0968.393.899
ct (C) ti hai im phn bit A, B, khi v ch khi (1) c hai nghim phn bit
k 0
k 0
k 0
2
k < 3 2 2
> 0
k 6k + 1 > 0
(*)
k > 3 + 2 2
Khi , A(x1; kx1 + 2k + 1) v B(x 2 ; kx 2 + 2k + 1) , x1, x 2 l nghim ca (1).
d(A,Ox ) = d(B,Ox ) kx1 + 2k + 1 = kx 2 + 2k + 1
k (x1 + x 2 ) + 4k + 2 = 0 (do x1 x 2 )
p dng nh l Viet i vi (1), suy ra: (1 3k ) + 4k + 2 = 0 k = 3 (tha mn (*))
Vy gi tr cn tm: k = 3
HT 195. (A,A1 2012) Cho hm s y = x 4 2(m + 1)x 2 + m 2 (1) , vi m l tham s thc. Tm m
th hm s (1) c 3 im cc tr to thnh 3 nh ca mt tam gic vung.
Gii
3
2
Ta c: y ' = 4x 4(m + 1)x = 4x (x m 1)
th hm s c 3 im cc tr khi v ch khi m + 1 > 0 m > 1 (*)
(
Suy ra: AB = ( m + 1; (m + 1) ) v AC = (
) (
m + 1; (m + 1) )
2
Cc im cc tr ca th hm s A(0; m ), B m + 1; 2m 1 ,C
2
m + 1; 2m 1
Ta c: AB = AC nn tam gic ABC vung khi v ch khi: AB.AC = 0
(m + 1)4 (m + 1) = 0. Kt hp (*), ta c m = 0
/s: m = 0
HT 196. (B 2012) Cho hm s y = x 3 3mx 2 + 3m 3 (1), m l tham s thc. Tm m th
hm s (1) c hai im cc tr A v B sao cho tam gic OAB c din tch bng 48.
Gii
Ta c: y ' = 3x 2 6mx ; y ' = 0 x = 0 x = 2m
th hm s c 2 im cc tr khi v ch khi m 0
) (
Cc im cc tr ca th hm s: A 0; 3m 3 ; B 2m; m 3
Suy ra: OA = 3 m 3 v d(B,OA) = 2 m
S OAB = 48 3m 4 = 48 m = 2(t / m (*))

/s: m = 2
2 3
2
x mx 2 2(3m 2 1)x + (1), m l tham s thc. Tm m
3
3
hm s (1) c hai im cc tr x1; x 2 sao cho: x 1x 2 + 2(x1 + x 2 ) = 1.
HT 197. (D 2012) Cho hm s y =
Gii
Ta c: y ' = 2x 2 2mx 2(3m 2 1)
Page 120
GV.Lu Huy Thng
0968.393.899
th hm s c hai im cc tr khi v ch khi phng trnh y ' = 0 c hai nghim phn bit
13m 2 4 > 0 m >
2 13
2 13
m <
13
13
Ta c: x 1 + x 2 = m v x 1x 2 = 1 3m 2 ; Do , x1x 2 + 2(x1 + x 2 ) = 1 1 3m 2 + 2m = 1
m = 0m =
/s: m =
2
2
So snh iu kin (*) ta c: m =
3
3
2
3
HT 198. (A,A1 2013) Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 + 3mx 1 (1) , vi m l tham s thc. Tm m

hm s (1) nghch bin trn khong (0; +)
Gii
2
Ta c: y ' = 3x + 6x + 3m
Hm s (1) nghch bin trn khong (0; +) khi v ch khi y ' 0, x > 0
m x 2 2x , x > 0
2
Xt: f (x ) = x 2x vi x > 0 . Ta c: f '(x ) = 2x 2; f '(x ) = 0 x = 1
Lp bng bin thin (nh lp nh) ta c gi tr m tha mn yu cu bi ton: m 1
/s: m 1
HT 199. (B 2013) Cho hm s y = 2x 3 3(m + 1)x 2 + 6mx (1), vi m l tham s thc. Tm m

th hm s (1) c hai im cc tr A, B sao cho ng thng AB vung gc vi ng thng
y = x + 2.
Gii
Ta c: y ' = 6x 2 6(m + 1)x + 6m; y ' = 0 x = 1 x = m
iu kin th hm s c hai im cc tr l m 1
Ta c: 2 im cc tr ca th hm s khi A(1; 3m 1); B(m; m 3 + 3m 2 ).
H s gc ca ng thng AB l k = (m 1)2
ng thng AB vung gc vi ng thng y = x + 2 khi v ch khi k = 1
m = 0 m = 2 . Vy gi tr m cn tm m = 0; m = 2
HT 200. (D 2013) Cho hm s y = 2x 3 3mx 2 + (m 1)x + 1 (1), vi m l tham s thc. Tm m

ng thng y = x + 1 ct th hm s (1) ti ba im phn bit.
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im ca th hm s (1) vi ng thng y = x + 1 l:
x = 0
2x 3 3mx 2 + (m 1)x + 1 = x + 1
2
2x 3mx + m = 0 (*)
Yu cu ca bi ton phng trnh (*) c hai nghim phn bit khc 0.
Page 121
GV.Lu Huy Thng
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m < 0
9m 2 8m > 0
m 0
m > 9
/s: m < 0; m >
8
9
UPDATING
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GV.

nh l v du ca tam thc bc hai g(x ) = ax 2 + bx + c :

Nu = 0 th g (x ) lun cng du vi a (tr x =

So snh cc nghim x1, x 2 ca tam thc bc hai g(x ) = ax 2 + bx + c vi s 0:

x1 < 0 < x 2 P < 0

hm s y = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d c di khong ng bin (nghch bin) (x1; x2 ) bng d th

GV.Lu Huy Thng

ta thc hin cc bc sau:

GV.Lu Huy Thng

Gii phng trnh (1), tm c x 0 v tnh y0 = f (x 0 ) . T vit phng trnh ca .

Gii h (*), tm c m . T vit phng trnh ca .

GV.Lu Huy Thng

Phng trnh tip tuyn ti M : y y0 = f '(x 0 )(x x 0 )

1. iu kin cn v hai ng (C 1 ) : y = f (x ) v (C 2 ) : y = g(x ) tip xc nhau l h phng

Nghim ca h (*) l honh ca tip im ca hai ng .

(C1) v (C2) tip xc nhau phng trnh ax 2 + bx + c = px + q c nghim kp.

2. Khong cch t im M(x0; y0) n ng thng : ax + by + c = 0

VII. TH CHA DU GI TR TUYT I

GV.Lu Huy Thng

V th hm s tng ng trong cc khong ca min xc nh.

GV.Lu Huy Thng

hm s (1) ng bin trn tp xc nh ca n.

Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 mx 4 (1). Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m hm s (1)

ng bin trn khong (; 0) .

Cho hm s y = 2x3 3(2m + 1)x 2 + 6m(m + 1)x + 1 c th (Cm). Tm m hm s ng

bin trn khong (2; +)

GV.Lu Huy Thng

y ' = 6x 2 6(2m + 1)x + 6m(m + 1) c = (2m + 1)2 4(m 2 + m ) = 1 > 0

Cho hm s y = x 3 + (1 2m )x 2 + (2 m )x + m + 2 . Tm m hm ng bin trn

Lp bng bin thin ca hm f (x ) trn (0; +) , t ta i n kt lun:

Cho hm s y = x 4 2mx 2 3m + 1 (1), (m l tham s). Tm m hm s (1) ng bin

trn khong (1; 2).

GV.Lu Huy Thng

+ m 0 , y 0, x (1;2) m 0 tho mn.

Hm s (1) ng bin trn (1; 2) khi ch khi m 1 0 < m 1 .

(1). Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m hm s (1) nghch

bin trn khong (;1) .

Hm s nghch bin trn tng khong xc nh y < 0 2 < m < 2

hm s (1) nghch bin trn khong (;1) th ta phi c m 1 m 1 (2)

GV.Lu Huy Thng

HT 8. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 + mx + m . Tm m hm s nghch bin trn on c di bng

Theo Vi-t ta c: x 1 + x 2 = 2, x1x 2 =

Hm s nghch bin trn on c di bng 1 l = 1

GV.Lu Huy Thng

Cho hm s y = x 3 + (1 2m )x 2 + (2 m )x + m + 2 (m l tham s) (1). Tm cc gi tr ca

m th hm s (1) c im cc i, im cc tiu, ng thi honh ca im cc tiu nh

HT 10. Cho hm s y = (m + 2)x 3 + 3x 2 + mx 5 , m l tham s. Tm cc gi tr ca m cc im

' = 9 3m(m + 2) > 0

GV.Lu Huy Thng

Ta c y ' = 6[ x 2 (m + 2) x + 5m + 1], y ' = 0 m( x 5) = x 2 2 x + 1 (1)

Bng bin thin:

T bng bin thin v kt hp vi nhn xt trn

GV.Lu Huy Thng

HT 13. Cho hm s y = x 4 + 2mx 2 4

HT 14. Cho hm s y = x 3 + (2m + 1)x 2 (m 2 3m + 2)x 4 (m l tham s) c th l (Cm).

(Cm) c cc im cc i, cc tiu nm v cng mt pha i vi trc tung.

GV.Lu Huy Thng

th (Cm) c 2 im C, CT nm cng pha i vi trc tung y = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit

HT 16. Cho hm s y = x 3 + 3x 2 + mx + m 2 (m l tham s) c th l (Cm). Xc nh m

Gi hai im cc tr ca th hm s l: A 0; (m + 1)3 ; B(2m + 2; 0)

GV.Lu Huy Thng

A v B nm v hai pha ca ng trn khi v ch khi: IA2 R2 IB 2 R2 < 0

Suy ra: (*) 4m 2 1 < 0 m <