Clauses of concession Rewrite the sentences. | Although Pecer had a cold, he went Inspite of having a cold, Feter went owimming, 2 In spite of being rich, she lived in a tiny flat. Although 3 Alchough I like him, Iam not going to tell him my secret. In spite of 4/ In spite of working hard, Nicola didn’t finish Although 5 Although the children went to bed late, they weren't tired. In spite of. 6 In spite of having a big lunch, 1 ate some cake as well Although 7. Although we see them on the bus every day, ‘we don't know their names. In spite of. 8 In spice of having a headache,1 went to the Although 9 Although Mrs Harris is ninety years old, she is strong and ft In spite of 10 In spite of being the youngest student in the class, Marcha is the calles. Although Rewrite the sentences using the word given. | Despite having dfiities, he succeeded. but) He had difficulties but he 2 Ie was a lovely day, but she felt miserable. (although) 3. Peggy is a rice girl. However she likes to gossip. (but) 4 In spite of playing tennis once a week, 'm not very fi. although) 5 Although they are brother and sister, they don’t look alike. (However) 6 Despite the fact that it was a joke, nobody laughed. (our) 7. Although she has a lovely voice, she is too shy to sing in public. (in spite off 8 They hurried to the theatre but the play had already started, (However) 9 Although your new friend seems nice, | don't ‘rust him. (but) 10 In spite of their poverty, they are a happy family. (despite) Rewrite the sentences using the words given, | In spite of getting up late, we managed to get there on time. (although) Although we got up late, we managed.to, et there on time, 2. In spite of feeling guilty she didn’ apologise. (although) 3. He went on working, although he had a terrible headache. (in spite of) 4. They went shopping in spice of the bad weather. (although) 5. Late the cake although I wasn’t hungry. (in spite of) 6 I went to the concert in spite of the fact that hate pop music. (although) 7. Although she’s the boss, she works as hard as we do. (in spite of) 8 In spite of the fact chat he lies to her, she trusts him. (although) 9 Although she isn'ta very good student, she did well in the test. (inspite of) 10. Although he knew he was wrong, he refused ‘to admit it. (in spite of) 1 In spite of having problems, she's always cheerful. (although) 12. Although | enjoyed the film, don’t want to see it again. (in spite of)Clauses of contrast Join the sentences with and or while / whereas. With and we join one clause that adds ‘something to what the first clause says. With while / whereas, we join a clause that says somettiing that is the opposite of what the first clause says. | Martha loves musicals, Her husband finds ‘them boring. Martha loves, musicale whereae her husband finde them boring, 2. I wanted to go to the cinema. My friend wanted to stay at home 3. Simon plays the guitar in a group. He writes some of the songs. 4 My dog is small and friendly. E and fierce. 's dog is huge 5. He was a poor shop assistant. She was a millonaire’s daughter. 6 They bought 2 lottery ticket. They won £500,000! 7 We wanted to leave the island immediately. ‘They wanted to stay for a few more days. 8 Beth is a lawyer: She has got her own office. 9 Leonard has six brothers and sisters. Stan is an only child, Join the sentences with and or whila/whereas. | love walking to work every morning. My wife always takes the bus. Tove walking to work every morning whereas my wife alvaye takee the bus. | went to the library this morning. saw Nick there. She looked at me. She smiled. He usually watches TV in his free dime. | prefer listening to music. Bob called. He said he'd be back at eight Her first book wasn't very good. Her second one has already sold 5,000 copies. He ran fast. He won the race easily. | oved the film. Anne found it rather boring, She earns £40,000 a year: He only makes about £15,000. ‘We met five years ago. We've been good friends ever since.Clauses of reason Rewrite the sentences using the word given. I Thad a terrible headache, so I took an aspirin. (because) | 00k an aspirin because | had a terrible ‘headache. 2. We couldn't get in because | had forgotten ary keys. (s0) 3 They called the police because they were worried. (s0) 4. She had been waiting for three hours, so she was angry. (because) 5. He asked for my help because he couldn't do it by himself. (so) 6 I don't speak French, so I can’t understand ‘what she's saying. (because) 7 | don't know anything about Biology, so | can't help you. (because) Complete with because or because of. 1 He won't be playing on Sunday ..because, he has broken his leg, 2. I couldn't concentrate the noise. 3 She didn’t tell him about fe o.oo SHE doesn't trust him, 4. Everything went wrong asilly mistake. 5 He had to leave an emergency. 6 I didn’t buy the shire ie was too small 7 They cancelled their trip the fact that it was snowing, 8 I turned off the television no ‘one was watching it. 9 She didn’t accept the job ~ the salary was too low. 10. lost my job you! 1 Nobody likes him because he’s so selfish fact Nobody likes him because of the fact. ‘hak he's so selfish, 2. She didn’t attend the meeting because she vas ill. of She didn't attend the meeting. er illness. 3 He's angry because of what you said about Thomas. account He's angry oe you said about Thomas. “4. We stayed at home because of the rain. fact We stayed at home because ... ne was raining 5. Our flghe was delayed because of the thick. fog, account Our fight was delayed the thick fog. 6. The meeting was cancelled because the manager was absent. fact é The meeting was cancelled vm that thee manager was absent. 7. We succeeded because you helped us. fact Due... us, we succeeded. a i ee cl whatClauses of purpose Join the sentences using the words given. 1 He went to Bristol. He wanted to visit his grandparents. (in order to) He.went: to Briatol in order to visit his. grandparents, 2. She worked late. She wanted to finish the article on time, (so as to) 3 went to the supermarket I wanted to get some orange juice. (to) 4. We're going to book tickets. We don't want ‘to miss the concert. (in order not to) 5. He's been training hard. He wants to win the race. (50 as to) 6 They went for a walk. They wanted to get some fresh air. (to) 7 He's saving up. He wants to visit Canada in July. (in order to) 8 He didn't tell her about the accident. He didn’t want to upset her. (50 as not to) Join the sentences using the words given. 1 Mell them chae Henry is going there. They ‘will expect him. (so that, will) Vl tell them that Henry is. going there 60, that they will expect him. 2. I'm setting my alarm clock. want to wake up early tomorrow. (so that, will) 3 Leave the door open. | want to be able to hear the baby. (0 that, can) 4 We left her a message. We wanted her to call Us. (50 that, would) 5. He bought a pair of expensive running shoes. He wanted to be able to run faster (so that, could) 6 She's going to buy some eggs and flour. She wants to be able to make a cake tonight. (50 that, can) 7. Brian behaved like an angel. He wanted his mother to let him go to the party. (so that, would) Join the sentences using the words given. | Fred is going to Madrid. He wants to see the football match. (to Fred is going to Madrid to see the football match, 2. The gardener collected all the dead leaves. He wanted to burn them. (in order to) 3. We logged on to the Internet. We wanted to find some information. (to) 4° Claire gets up at six every morning, She exercises before she goes to work. (in order to) 5. Elaine filed the bath with water. She wanted to wash the twins. (in order to) 6 I write to my friend every week.| tell her my news. (to) Join the sentences using the words given. | He spoke loudly. He wanted everyone to hear him. (in order that) He spoke loudly in order that everyone, ould hear him. 2. Lam leaving the note on the kitchen table. John will see it when he gets back, (so that) 3. Give them your address. They can send you ‘the contract. (in order that) 4 She wanted to get good marks. She didn't want her parents to be disappointed. (so that) 5 Take a map of the city, We don't want co get lost. (im order that) 6 I Teave him a message. He won't wonder where | am. (so that) 7 ve washed your blue dress. You can wear it at the party tomorrow. (so that) 8 She hid her diary. She didn't want her mother to find e. (in order that) 9. Ipose the letter tomorrows Ie will gt there by next week. (so that) lice did all the housework. She wanted her mother to get some rest. (so that) | Andy gave me some money. He wanted me to buy a newspaper. (in order that) 12. She always locks her office. Nobody can get inside. (50 that) Join we sentences using in oraer (not) 10/80 as (not) to or in order that/so that. | They lita fire. They wanted to keep warm They lit a fire in order to keep warm. 2 I bought some more popcorn. We wanted to have enough for the party. 3. Tm going to the bank. | want to ask for a loan. 4. Myra wrote down Valerie's address. She didn't want to forget it. 5 He took a taxi, He wanted to get there on time. 6 We turned down the music. We didn't want the neighbours to start complaining 7 Close the window. | don't want the cat to go out. 8 Francis took off his shoes. He didn’t want to make any noise.Clauses of result Complete with so, such or such a/an. 1 Iwas 82. angry that | started shouting at her. 2 Fe WAS onan» boring film that we left before the end. 3. He drove fase that we got there in five minutes, 4 Iewas ...... cold weather that we decided not to go swimming, 5 SWE WAS oon started crying disappointed that she 6 There were a lot of people at the cinema that | couldn't find a seat. Theyre on» g00d friends that they share all their secrets. 8 Bob ate much ice cream that he hhad a stomach ache afterwards. 9 Thad... little money that | eoulda’e even buy my train ticket. 10 Dora has ‘wonderful memories of her trip to Holland that she's going back there next year Join the sentences using $0... thator such ... that | The wind was strong. It blew the washing To inesiecsieng vate ae 2. Colin spoke quietly. Nobody could hear what he was saying. 3. Felicity has a charming smile. Everyone likes her 4 My friend was late. We had to start withot= him. 5. Ie was a boring fim. Many people left before the end 6 The cat looks sick. 'm going to take her to the vet right now. 7. They are good friends. They have no secrets from each other. 8 Adrian is a terrible cook. He can't stand his own cooking 9. The view from the hill was beautiful. | took sixeeen photos. 10 She has expensive jewellery She keeps it in the bank 1 The children were very quiet. Their father knew they were doing something wrong 12 Kid is talented artist. She is going to be famous one day. Join the sentences using so... that, such alan... that or such ... that. I She's read many books about ancient Greece. She knows a lot about the subject. She's. read 0. many books abeut. ancient, Greece that. she knows.alot about the sulle, 2. He got bad marks. His parents were furious. hungry. | could eat a horse! 4. We gota lot of work to do. I won't be able to come with you. 5 She felt embarrassed. She didn't know what to say. 6 Ie was an interesting book. | couldn't put it down, 7 He speaks English well. Nobody can beliave he's really French, 8 There was heavy traffic. | was almost an hour lace 9 We were having a good time. We didn't want to leave. 10. This exercise is difficult. I can't do it by myself