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http://scratch.mit.edu


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http://scratch.mit.edu

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21


4.
SCRATCH 1.4
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Windows XP, Windows 2000, Windows Vista, Windows 7
Mac OS X 10.4
( Linux : http://info.scratch.mit.edu/Linux_installer)
: 800x600, 16-bit ().
: 120 MB Scratch.
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http://scratch.mit.edu

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http://scratch.mit.edu

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