Spanish Portuguese Colonies

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The Spanish and Portuguese

Americas
Objective
Students will dramatize the major features of Spanish
colonial society.
RH.11-12.4 Determine the meaning of words and
phrases as they are used in the text, including
figurative, connotative, and technical meanings;
analyze how an author uses and refines the meaning
of a key term or terms over the course of a text.
Warm Up
What do you know about Latin America today?
What parts of their society and culture do you think
comes from Spain?
Homework
Viewpoints: Two Views of the Treatment of Indians
Questions 1-4
Agenda
Objective
Warm Up
Homework
Life in Spanish America Play
Spanish & Portuguese Colonies
Guided Note sheet to be turned in
Quiz on Section 1 & 2 NEXT CLASS
Characters
Felipe Pinzon
Viceroy
Gonzalo Cortes
Overseer
Mr. Storeowner
Shoe Shine Boy
Hernan Cortes
Speaking Slave
Guard
Terms and People
viceroy a representative of the king who

ruled in his name
encomienda the right given to American
colonists by the Spanish government to demand
labor or tribute from Native Americans
Bartolom de Las Casas a Spanish priest
who spoke out against the evils of the
encomienda system and pleaded with the king
to end the abuse
peon a worker forced to labor for a landlord
to pay off a debt
Terms and People (continued)
peninsular member of the highest class in

Spains colonies in the Americas
creole an American-born descendant of Spanish
settlers in Spains colonies in the Americas
mestizo a person of Native American and
European descent in Spains colonies in the
Americas
mulatto a person of African and European
descent in Spains colonies in the Americas
privateer a pirate who operated with the
approval of European governments
How did Spain and Portugal build

colonies in the Americas?
Spanish settlers and missionaries followed the
conquistadors to the new empire in the Americas.
They established colonies and imposed their will
by force. A new culture merged European, Native
American, and African elements.
Spain controlled a huge

empire by the mid-1500s.
Spain divided its conquered

lands in the Americas into
four provinces.
The king appointed

viceroys to rule in the
provinces and established
the Council of the Indies to
monitor them.
One of Spains main goals in the Americas

was to spread Christianity.
As a result, Church leaders shared authority

with royal officials.
Missionaries baptized thousands of Native

Americans and worked to turn new converts
into loyal subjects of Spain.
They also built churches, taught the Spanish

language, and introduced European clothing
and crafts.
Spain closely controlled trade

throughout its empire.
Colonists could
export raw material
only to Spain.
They could
buy only Spanish
manufactured goods.
Trade with other

European nations
was forbidden
by law.
Spanish planters introduced sugar cane to the

West Indies. The sugar industry soon became
highly profitable.
Sugar plantations required a large number of workers.

Under the encomienda system, the Spanish could
force Native Americans to work in mines and on
plantations.
Disease, starvation, and brutal conditions contributed

to a sharp decline in the Native American population.
A Spanish priest named Bartolom de Las Casas

condemned the encomienda system.
He urged the king to end mistreatment of Native

Americans.
In 1542, Spain passed the New Laws of the Indies,

which forbade enslavement of Native Americans.
However, many natives were still forced to become

peons, or workers forced to labor to pay off debts.
Las Casas suggested that Spain fill the labor shortage

by importing workers from Africa, who had needed
skills and were immune to tropical diseases.
The Spanish first brought Africans to the

Americas in the 1530s.
Millions were forced to work as slaves in the fields,
in mines, and in the households of landowners.
European, African, and Native American cultures
eventually blended together to form a distinct
culture in the Spanish colonies.
Cultural blending changed peoples lives

in the Americas.
Food, religion, clothing,
dance, songs, styles of
building, and farming
methods were all part of
this exchange.
A Spanish official in Mexico,

his Native American wife,
and their daughter.
In addition, the composition of the

population shifted.
Spanish colonial society was made up of

layered social classes.
peninsulares
People born in Spain
creoles
American-born descendants of
Spanish settlers
Those of Native American and

European descent and people of
African and European descent,
respectively
Those whose heritage did not

include Europeans
mestizos and
mulattoes
Native American
and African
Spanish
settlers lived
in towns and
cities and
established
universities.
The cities were lively

centers of government,
commerce, and cultural
expression.
Mexico City became the

largest Spanish-speaking
city in the world by 1550.
The University of Mexico

was established by 1551.
It was the first university
in the Americas.
Portugal claimed an empire in the east part

of South America. They named this land Brazil.
Portugals claim was based

on the 1494 Treaty of
Tordesillas.
In the 1530s, Portugal

began issuing grants of
land in Brazil to nobles.
In return, nobles agreed to

develop the land and share
profits with the crown.
Unlike the Spanish colonies, Brazil had no rich

supplies of silver and gold.
Early settlers cut down and exported brazilwood,

which was used to produce a valuable dye.
Landowners then turned to plantation agriculture

and cattle ranching.
Brazil depended on forced labor, first from Native

Americans and then from enslaved Africans.
In time, a Brazilian culture emerged that blended

Portuguese, Native American, and African elements.
Other nations grew jealous of Spain and

Portugals wealth and power in the Americas.
Smugglers traded illegally with Spanish and
Portuguese colonists.
English, French, and Dutch pirates called
privateers plundered treasure ships. Some
operated with the approval of their governments.
European explorers continued to sail the coasts of
the Americas, hunting for riches and a northwest
passage to Asia.

Spanish Portuguese Colonies

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TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.

The Spanish and Portuguese

Shoe Shine Boy

Terms and People

viceroy a representative of the king who

Terms and People (continued)

peninsular member of the highest class in

How did Spain and Portugal build

Spain controlled a huge

Spain divided its conquered

The king appointed

One of Spains main goals in the Americas

As a result, Church leaders shared authority

Missionaries baptized thousands of Native

They also built churches, taught the Spanish

Spain closely controlled trade

Trade with other

Spanish planters introduced sugar cane to the

Sugar plantations required a large number of workers.

Disease, starvation, and brutal conditions contributed

A Spanish priest named Bartolom de Las Casas

He urged the king to end mistreatment of Native

In 1542, Spain passed the New Laws of the Indies,

However, many natives were still forced to become

Las Casas suggested that Spain fill the labor shortage

The Spanish first brought Africans to the

Cultural blending changed peoples lives

A Spanish official in Mexico,

In addition, the composition of the

Spanish colonial society was made up of

People born in Spain

Those of Native American and

Those whose heritage did not

The cities were lively

Mexico City became the

The University of Mexico

Portugal claimed an empire in the east part

Portugals claim was based

In the 1530s, Portugal

In return, nobles agreed to

Unlike the Spanish colonies, Brazil had no rich

Early settlers cut down and exported brazilwood,

Landowners then turned to plantation agriculture

Brazil depended on forced labor, first from Native

In time, a Brazilian culture emerged that blended

Other nations grew jealous of Spain and

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