Da Cau

n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp
GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh
TI: THIT K CU QUA SNG S 3

PHN 1:
GII THIU CHUNG
1.IU KIN T NHIN CA KHU VC TUYN.
KHI QUT CHUNG.
Sng s 3 nm vng ng bng bc trung b thuc tnh Ngh An.
A HNH
Mt ct ngang sng khng i xng, do rt kh khn cho vic b tr kt cu
nhp c dng i xng. B mt a hnh lng sng khng bng phng c nhng
vng su v bi bi chy dc theo b sng, cao a hnh lng sng thay i
trong khong t 00m n 20m.
1.3.A CHT
Qua thm d a cht khu vc xy dng cu c s liu a cht nh sau:
p 1: S t d o dy 3.0m
p 2: C t ht mn dy 3.5m
p 3: C t ht th, trng th i cht
1.4.THY VN
C c s liu o c v thy vn nh sau:
Mc nc cao nht : 12,5 m
Mc nc thng thuyn : 9,5 m
Mc nc thp nht : 4,0 m
Sng cp Vc lu thng thuyn b
1.5.KH HU
Khu vc xy dng tuyn thuc vng kh hu hay thay i, nhit trung bnh
quanh nm khong 26oC. Vo ma h nhit cao nht c th ln n 40oC. Giai
on t th ng 2 n th ng 9 nng nng k o di, t c ma mc nc sng h thp,
nn thun li cho vic thi cng xy dng cu.
Vo ma ng thng c gi ma ng bc lm nhit gim v thng c ma
k o di, nhit trung bnh 15-22oC, m khong 90%.
Ngoi c c yu t ni trn th c c iu kin t nhin cn li khng nh hng nhiu
n vic xy dng cu.
1.6.QUY M, TIU CHUN DNG THIT K CU

Qui m xy dng : Vnh cu.
SVTH: Ng Vn Chu-Lp 09X3C-Nhm 60B
Trang: 1
Tn sut l thit k : P =1%.

Ti trng thit k : 0.65H 93 & on ngi P = 3.0 (kN/m2)
Khu cu: o = 115 (m)
Kh cu : K = 7.5 2 1.5 (m).
Tiu chun thit k cu: 22TCN 272 05.
1.7.PHM VI NGHIN CU CA N.
1.7.1 Thit k s b: xut 02 phng n vt sng.
-Tnh khi lng v kh i to n c c phng n.
-Phn tch, so s nh la chn phng n vt sng hp l nht.
1.7.2.Thit k k thut:
-Thit k bn mt cu (theo phng ph p gn ng).
-Thit k dm ch BTCT.ST
2.IU KIN X HI CA KHU VC TUYN.
Dn c ca vng phn b kh ng u, mt dn c tng i ln. gn v tr
xy dng cu, nh dn tp trung hai bn v sng tng i nhiu. Do trong qu
trnh thi cng cn c bin ph p m bo v mt trt t v an ninh cho khu vc
xy dng cu c m bo.
3.IU KIN KHAI THC CUNG CP VT IU, MY MC, NHN
CNG:
3.1.iu kin khai th c, cung cp nguyn vt liu.
Vt liu s dng cho cng trnh th vng u c th cung cp y v rt thun
li nh: t p, , c t, xi-mng,
3.2.iu kin cung cp m y mc.
n v thi cng c y c c loi m y mc phc v cho vic thi cng x y dng
cu nh: M y khoan cc nhi, m y ng cc, cn cu, m y o, m y i, t vn
chuyn b-tng, m y bm b-tng, m y m b-tng v c c loi m y mc cn
thit kh c, m bo qu trnh thi cng c ng b v lin tc. Do m bo
c tin thi cng ra.
3.3.iu kin cung cp nhn lc.
Khu vc c s lng ngi dn nm trong tui lao ng chim t l ln.
Ngi dn thng chu kh, ham hc hi v c o to kh tt, c kh nng
tip nhn nhanh c c tin b khoa hc k thut. Pha thi cng c i ng cng
nhn, c n b k thut c trnh cao, c kh nng lm vic trong iu kin mi
trng khc nghit ca thi tit vi nng sut lao ng cao.
3.4.iu kin cung cp nhin liu, c c nhu yu phm phc v sinh hot.
n v thi cng cung cp y c c nhu yu phm cn thit phc v sinh hot
ca anh em cng nhn v c n b k thut trn cng trng. m bo s quan tm
y v chu o n sc khe ca cng nhn hon thnh cng trnh ng
thi hn.
Trang: 2
3.5.iu kin m bo y t, gi o dc, thng tin lin lc.

Gn khu vc thi cng c trm y t x do m bo khi c s c, tai nn trong
qu trnh lao ng trn cng trng cng c th nhanh chng chuyn n trm y
t kp thi.
4.PHN TCH S CN THIT CA VIC U T XY DNG D N.
Tnh Ngh An l mt tnh c tim nng ph t trin kinh t. V vy m mc tiu y
mnh ph t trin kinh t ca tnh trong nhng nm gn y rt c nh nc v
lnh o tnh quan tm. thc hin mc tiu ph t trin kinh t, vn c xem
l ng mt vai tr v cng quan trng l ph t trin mng li giao thng trn
a bn.
Nhng nm gn y mng li giao thng i li trn a bn tnh ang c ch
trng v y mnh xy dng vi nhiu tuyn ng v nhng cng trnh c quy
m ln nhm gp phn thc hin hiu qu mc tiu ph t trin kinh t m ban lnh
o tnh v chnh ph ra trong tng lai. Vn giao thng i li gia hai
bn b sng ch c th thc hin bng c c phng tin tu thuyn nh qua sng,
do n khng p ng c nhu cu i li ca ngi dn sng trong vng v
khng m bo an ton cho ngi qua sng. V vy vic u t xy dng cu qua
sng s 3 c xem l ht sc cn thit nhm p ng nguyn vng, s mong mi
ca ngi dn sng hai bn b sng ni ring v ca c khu vc ni chung.
Sau khi cu c xy dng xong s to iu kin thun li nhn dn hai bn
khu vc b sng c th d dng giao lu, bun b n vi nhau.
Nh vy vic xy dng cu qua sng s 3 l rt cn thit v c ngha quan trng
trong vic ph t trin kinh t, x hi, an ninh quc phng ca khu vc dn c. Vic
xy dng cu s va gii quyt nhiu vn v giao thng i li trong khu vc va
gp phn hon thin c s h tng giao thng, nhm thc y u t, a nn kinh
t ca khu vc hai bn b sng ni ring v ca tnh Ngh An ni chung ngy
cng ph t trin tng xng vi v th xng ng ca mnh.
Trang: 3
PHN 2:
XUT CC PHNG N VT SNG
Chiu di cu c k n kch thc ca m v tr.
L = Lo + (5 8) m.
C c phng n vt sng nh sau:
PHNG N 1: CU DM BTCT ST TIT DIN CH I NHP 3 40 =
120(m)
Kt cu thng b:
Phn cu chnh:
Cu dm n gin BTCT.ST f'c = 45 Mpa 3 nhp : 3 40 = 120(m).
Tr lan can tay vn bng BTCT, tay vn bng Inox.
Khe co gin bng cao su ct th p bn
B tr c c ng tho t nc bng ng nha PVC = 10 cm
C c lp mt cu:
p BT Atphan dy 7 cm.
p phng nc dy 0,4 cm
p to dc dy 4 cm.
Kt cu h b:
Tr cu bng BTCT f'c = 30 Mpa .
M cu dng m ch U ci tin tng mng BTCT f'c = 30 Mpa.
Cc ng ma s t BTCT f'c = 30 Mpa
Tnh to n kim tra li khu cu :
| Lo Ltk o |
Yu cu :
max(Ltt o , Ltk o )
tt
Trong :
5%
Lo tk = Lo : l khu cu , Lo tk = 115 m.
Ltt0 : Khu tnh khng thc t ca cu
Ltt o L 2 bm nt bt
Tng chiu di ca cu c k n kch thc ca m v tr ,

bm : B rng ca m cu, gi thit chn bm = 1 m.
btr: B rng ca tr cu, gi thit chn bm = 1,8 m.
n : S tr cu, vi kt cu 4 nhp th n = 2.
= 120 m.
tt
Lo = 120 - 2 x 1 2 x 1,8 = 114,4(m).
Kim tra :
| 114 ,4 115 |
0,6
=
= 0,522 % 5 % Tha mn yu cu.
max( 114 ,4;115 ) 115
Trang: 4
PHNG N 2: CU DM BTCT ST TIT DIN CH I NHP 3 40 =

120(m)
Kt cu thng b:
Phn cu chnh:
Cu dm n gin BTCT.ST f'c = 45 Mpa 3 nhp : 3 40 = 120(m).
Tr lan can tay vn bng BTCT, tay vn bng Inox.
Khe co gin bng cao su ct th p bn
B tr c c ng tho t nc bng ng nha PVC = 10 cm
C c lp mt cu:
p BT Atphan dy 7 cm.
p phng nc dy 0,4 cm
p to dc dy 4 cm.
Kt cu h b:
Tr cu bng BTCT f'c = 30 Mpa .
M cu dng m ch U ci tin tng mng BTCT f'c = 30 Mpa.
Cc ng ma s t BTCT f'c = 30 Mpa
Tnh to n kim tra li khu cu :
| Lo Ltk o |
max(Ltt o , Ltk o )
tt
Yu cu :
Trong :
5%
Lo tk = Lo : l khu cu , Lo tk = 115 m.
Ltt0 : Khu tnh khng thc t ca cu
Ltt o L 2 bm nt bt
Tng chiu di ca cu c k n kch thc ca m v tr ,

bm : B rng ca m cu, gi thit chn bm = 1 m.
btr: B rng ca tr cu, gi thit chn bm = 1,8 m.
n : S tr cu, vi kt cu 4 nhp th n = 2.
= 120 m.
tt
Lo = 120 - 2 x 1 2 x 1,8 = 114,4(m).
Kim tra :
| 114 ,4 115 |
0,6
=
= 0,522 % 5 % Tha mn yu cu.
max( 114 ,4;115 ) 115
PHN 3:
THIT K S B CC PHNG N KT CU NHP
Trang: 5
CHNG 1 : THIT K S B CU DM GIN N BTCT ST DNG

CH I
(KT CU NHP GM 3 NHP 40m)
Cu gm 3 nhp : 40 3 = 120 (m), b tng ct th p ng sut trc.
Chn mt ct ngang dm ch dng ch I.
Tng b rng cu : Bmc = K(w) + 2 T + 2 (B1+B2)
Trong : K(w) : Mt xe chy , K(w) = 7,5 m.
T : ngi i , T = 1,5 m.
B1 : Lan can, B1 = 0,5 m.
Dng vt sn phn ln phn c ch phn xe chy v phn ngi i b rng
B2=0,25m
Do vy : Bmc = 7,5 + 2 1, 5 + 20,25 +2 0, 5 = 12 (m)
a chn kch thc mt ct ngang cu :
Gi Nb l s lng dm ch.
S l khong c ch gia c c dm ch.
Ta c : S =
Bmc
, vi Bmc l tng b rng cu.
Nb
Theo kinh nghim th i vi cu trn ng t ly : S = 1,8 2,5 m.

Chn S = 2,4 m => Nb =
Phn c nh hng : Sk=
B 11,5
=
= 5 (dm), chn Nb = 5 (dm)
S
2,4
Bmc ( N b 1) S
12 4 2,4
=
= 1,2 (m), chn Sk = 1,2 (m)
2
2
Chn Nb = 5; S = 2,4 (m); Sk = 1,2 (m).

Vy B = 42,4 + 21,2 = 12 (m).
B tr dm ngang ti c c v tr gi cu, /4, /2 :nh vy c 5 mt ct.
S lng dm ngang trong mt nhp l : Nn = (Nb-1) 5 = (5-1) 5 = 20 dm.
1.X c nh trng lng bn thn dm ch.
Dung trng ca btng ximng ct th p l 2,5 T/m3
Dung trng ca btng nha l 2,25 T/m3
Dung trng ca ct th p l 7,85 T/m3
Chiu di ton dm 40 (m). Theo AASHTO chiu cao ti thiu
ddc = 0,045 x L = 0,045 x 40 = 1,8m
Trang: 6
Kch thc mt ct ngang dm:
Tnh to n c trng hnh hc ca c c tit din:

Din tch mt ct gia nhp:
1
2
Agia nhp= 0,21,03+0,60,25 + (0,6 + 0,2) 0,2 +0,60,08+0,80,12

1
2
+ (0,8 + 0,2) 0,12 = 0,64(m2).

Din tch mt ct gi:
1
2
A gi= 1,80,6+2 (0,16 + 0,12) 0,1 = 1,108(m2).
Th tch btng ca mt dm ch BTCT D

Vdm = 34 0,6 + 31,108+
: = 40 m.
1
(0,6 + 1,108)3= 26,286 (m3 )
2
Th tch btng ca ton b dm ch trong mt nhp (gm 5 dm).

V = 26,286 5 = 131,43 (m3).
Trng lng btng ca dm ch trong mt nhp
= 40 m ca cu l:
DCbtdc = V C = 131,43 2,5 = 328,575 (T) = 3286 (kN).
D tnh trng lng th p trong dm ch l 0,12 (T/m3), do vy trng lng th p

trong ton b dm ch ca mt nhp l:
DCtdc = 0,12 131,43 10 = 157,716 (kN).
Trng lng btng ct th p ca ton b dm ch trn mt m t di l:

DC dc =
DC tdc DC btdc
157,716 3286
=
= 86,093 (kN/m).
40
40
Trang: 7
2.X c nh trng lng bn thn dm ngang.

Dm ngang c kch thc nh hnh v c b tr c c v tr hai u, /4, /2 ca
dm ch.
Chn chiu cao dm ngang gia nhp ddng = 1,2 m.
Chiu cao dm ngang ti gi ddng = 1,2 m.
Chn chiu dy dm ngang = 0,2 m.
Dm ngang gia nhp
Dm ngang ti gi
Din tch ca dm ngang mt ct ti gia nhp :

1
1
nhip
= 1,03 2,1+ (2,1 + 1,5) 0,2 + (2,1 + 1,5) 0,12 + 1,5 0,12
Adng
2
2
= 2,919(m2).
Din tch ca dm ngang mt ct ti hai gi :
1
gi
= 1,56 1,7 + (1,5 + 1,7) 0,04 + 1,5 0,12 = 2,896 ( m2)
Adng
2
Th tch btng ca ton b dm ngang trong mt nhp l:

nhip
Vdmngang = (3 Adng
gi
2 Adng
) 4
= (3 2,919 0,2 + 2 2,896 0,2) 4 = 11,639 (m3).

Trng lng btng ca ton b dm ngang trong mt nhp l:
DCbtdng = Vdmngang C = 11,639 2,5 = 29,098 (T) = 290,98 (kN).
D tnh trng lng th p trong dm ngang l 0,12 (T/m3), do vy trng lng th p

trong ton b dm ngang ca mt nhp l:
DCtdng = 0,12 11,639 10 = 13,967 (kN).
Trng lng btng ct th p ca ton b dm ngang trn mt m t di l :
Trang: 8

1met
=
DCdng
DC btdng DC tdng
40
290,98 13,967
= 7,624 (kN/m).
40
3.X c nh trng lng bn thn bn mt cu.

Chn chiu dy bn mt cu ts = 20 (cm), phn c nh hng dy tsk = 22,5 (cm).
Trng lng btng ca bn mt cu trn mt m t di l:
DCbtbmc = [(12 2 1,2) 0,2 + 2 1,2 0,225] 1 2,5= 6,15 (T/m)
= 61,5 (kN/m).
D tnh trng lng ct th p trong bn mt cu l 0,12 (T/m3), do vy trng lng
ct th p trong bn mt cu trn mt m t di l:
DCtbmc =[(12 2 1,2)0,2+21,20,225]10,1210=2,952 (kN).
Trng lng btng ct th p ca bn mt cu trn mt m t di l:

DC bmc = DCbtbmc + DCtbmc = 61,5 + 2,952 = 64,452 (kN/m).
4.X c nh trng lng bn thn c c lp ph mt cu v lan can.

a.i vi c c lp ph mt cu.
C c lp ph mt cu gm:
B tng Atphan dy 7cm.
p phng nc dy 0,4 cm.
p to dc bng va xi mng trung bnh dy 4 cm.
Khi lng c c lp ph mt cu tnh cho 1m di theo phng dc cu:
Chiu dy trung bnh lp ph mt cu:
= 0,07 0,04 0,004 = 0,114 (m)
DW pmc =.B.p = 0,114 112,25 10 =28,215 (kN/m).
b.Trng lng tm an gia c c dm trong 1 nhp 40m.

G= 0,081,7 40 4 2,5 =54,4 (T)
-Trng lng tm an:
DCtd= G10= 54,4 10 = 544 (KN)
-Trng lng tm an trn 1m di:
DCtan =
544
= 13,6 (KN).
40
c.i vi lan can, tay vn.

V khng c di phn c ch nn ta thit k lan can tay vn cng c kh nng chng
li lc va ca xe, c c thng s k thut cho nh trn hnh v:
Din tch mt ct ngang phn btng ca b lan can l:
1
2
Ablc = 0,250,55 + (0,3 + 0,1) 0,25 = 0,1875 ( m2).

Th tch b tng phn tr lan can:
Trang: 9
Vt = (0,6 0,2) 0,2 - (0,1 0,1) 2 0,2 = 0,02 (m3)
200
20
20
60
25
10
55
25
25
10 20
60
10
10
50
C c tr c ch nhau 2m, tng s lng tr trn 1 nhp l 21 tr.

Th tch b tng thanh ging trn 1 nhp l:
Vtg = 0,10,11,82212 = 1,512 (m3).
Tng th tch b tng ct th p: V=0,1875402+0,02212 +1,512=17,352 (m3)
Hm lng ct th p trong lan can chim Kp = 1,5 %
Th tch ct th p trong lan can l: Vct = KpV = 17.352 1,5% = 0,26 (m3).
Khi lng ca ct thp trong lan can l: DCt = Vct s = 0,26 7,58 = 1,971 (T)
Th tch b tng trong lan can: Vbt = V-Vct = 17,352 0,26 = 17,092 (m3)
Khi lng ca b tng trong lan can: Dbt= Vbt c = 17.092 2,5 = 42,73 (T)
Trng lng ca ton b phn lan can tay vn trn 1 nhp l :
DClc = (DCbt + DC t )10= (42,73+1,971)10 = 447,01 (KN)
Trng lng lan can, tay vn trn 1m di l:

DClc =
447,01
= 11,175 (KN/m).
40
5.Xc nh kch thc v tnh to n khi lng m tr cu.

a.X c nh kch thc m cu.
Chn m ch U ci tin lm m cu.
Kch thc m c chn nh sau:
-Chn gi cu bng cao su tm th p bn c: hg = (512) cm, chn hg = 5 cm.
-Chiu cao tng: ht 15 cm, chn ht = 15 cm.
Chiu cao tng nh : ht = hd + ht + hg = 180 + 15 + 5 = 200 cm.
-Chiu di dm ch = 40 m nn chn bo = 100 cm.
Trang: 10
Bm = (30 50) + bo + (10 15) = (30 50) + 100 + (10 15) = 140 165 (cm),
chn Bm = 150 (cm).
Bbm = Bm + b1 + b2
Vi b1 0,5 (m), chn b1 = 0,5 (m)
b2 (1,5 2)b1 = (0,75 1,0) m, chn b2 = 1,0 (m).
Bbm = 150 + 50 + 100 = 300 (cm).
Chn hbm = 2 m.
i vi cu dm BTCTST c = 40 m ,nn chon a1=50 cm
atg = bbd = 60 cm, => at = atg (3040) = 90 100 cm. Chn at = 100 cm.
Do : Am = 2 a1 + 2
a dt
+ (n - 1)S
2
Vi : n- l s dm ch, n=5.
S -l khong c ch gia hai dm ch, S=240 (cm).
Am = 2 50 + 100 + 4 240 = 1160 (cm) = 11,6 (m).
Abm = Am + 2 0,5 = 11,6 + 1 = 12,6 (m).
300
11600
2000
1:1
700
3000
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
12600
b.Tnh to n khi lng m cu.

V t p 2 bn tng ng nhau nn ta thit k m B nh m A:
Tnh to n th tch m:
Th tch c c b phn m bng: Vi = Fi x li x n (m3)
Trng lng c c b phn bng: Gi = Vi x 2,5 x 9,81 (KN)
Trang: 11
Trong : Fi , li , n : ln lt l din tch tit din cnh, chiu dy, s lng ca

c c b phn m cu.
Kt qu tnh to n c lp thnh bng nh sau:
Din
tch
B phn
tnh
li
Th
Khi lng
Trng
lng
tch
ring
lng
ci
m3
g(T/m3)
(KN)
ton
m2
Tng nh
0,6
11,6
6,96
2,5
174
X m m
0,75
11,6
8,7
2,5
217,5
Thn m
11,6
11,6
2,5
290
B mng m
12,6
75,6
2,5
1890
Tng c nh
7,75
11,6
89,9
2,5
2247,5
Bn gim ti
8,7
0,2
6,96
2,5
174
k gi cu
0,15
0,75
2,5
18,75
Tng cng
5011,75
Trng lng ton b btng ca m cu l: Gbtm = 5011,75 (kN).

D tnh trng lng ct th p trong m l 0,09(T/m3), vy trng lng thp trong
m l:
Gtm =Vm 0,0910 = 0,09 (6,96 + 8,7 + 11,6+ 75,6 + 89,9 + 6,96+0,75) 10
= 180,423 (kN).
Vy trng lng ton b ca m l:
GBm = G Am = Gbtm + Gtm = 5011,75+180,423=5192,173 (kN).
c.X c nh kch thc tr cu.

Chn tr cu thuc loi tr c thn hp.
Kch thc tr cu c chn nh sau:
-Chn gi cu bng cao su_tm th p c hg = (512) cm, chn hg = 5 cm.
V = 40 m nn chn: b1= 30 cm, Bm =180 cm
Bt = 180 (30 50) = 150 130 (cm), chn Bt = 130 cm.
Bbt = bt + 2 x 150 = 130 + 300 = 330 (cm).
Chn hbt = 2 m.
Trang: 12

Tng t nh m th At = 2 55+ 2

100
+ 4 240 = 1170 cm = 11,7 m.
2
Att = At 2.lk , vi lk = 1,5 3m , y chn lk = 1, 5m.

Att = 11,7 3 = 8,7m.
Chn h = 2 m.
h1 = (0,4 0,5)h = 0,8 1 (m), chn h1 = 0,8 (m). Do vy h2 = 0,7 (m).
Abt = Att + 2 x 0,5 = 8,7+ 1 = 9,7 m.
Tr T1:
1600
1000
1000
11700
1000
1000
1000
1500
800 700
1000
1500
1200
11600
8700
1000
2000
1000
3200
9700
d.Tnh to n khi lng tr cu.

Trng lng ca tr cu (phn btng) bao gm: trng lng m tr, trng lng
thn tr, trng lng b tr, trng lng tng, k gi.
Tnh to n trng lng ca tr T1:
Trng lng m tr:
Gtm = (11,7 1,5 2
1
1,5 0,8) 1,6 2,5 10 = 654 (kN).
2
Trng lng thn tr: Gtt = 11,6 1,2 8,7 2,5 10 = 3027,6(kN).
Trng lng b tr: Gtb = 3,2 9,7 2 2,5 10 = 1552 (kN).
Trng lng tng: Gtdt = 1,0 1,0 0,15 5 2,5 10 = 18,75 (kN).
D tnh trng lng ct th p trong tr l 0,09 (T/m3), do trng lng ct th p
trong tr l:
Trang: 13
1
Gtht =[(11,71,5-2 1,50,8)1,6+11,61,28,7+3,29,72+110,155]0,0910
2
= 189,085 (kN).
Do trng lng ca tr cu T1l:
G1t = Gtm + Gtt + Gtb + Gtdt + Gtht
= 654 + 3027,6 + 1552 + 18,75 + 189,085 = 5441,435 (kN).

Trng lng m tr:
Gtm = (11,7 1,5 2
1
1,5 0,8) 1,6 2,5 10 = 654 (kN).
2
Trng lng thn tr: Gtt = 13,9 1,2 8,7 2,5 10 = 3627,9 (kN).
trong tr l:
1
Gtht =[(11,71,5-2 1,50,8)1,6+11,61,28,7+3,29,72+110,155]0,0910
2
= 189,085 (kN).
G 2t = Gtm + Gtt + Gtb + Gtdt + Gtht
= 654 + 3627,9 + 1552 + 18,75 + 189,085 = 6041,735 (kN).

5.X c nh s lng cc trong b mng ca m tr cu.
S lng cc c x c nh theo cng thc sau:
n=
Pi cd1
Ptkcoc
Trong :
+n s lng cc.
+ - h s kinh nghim c x t n ti trng ngang v mmen = (1,4 1,6). i
vi m ch U ci tin (m nng) v tr i thp ta ly = 1,5.
+ Pi cd1 - tng ti trng ln nht ti mt ct ti y m tr cu.
+ Ptkcoc =min(Pvl ;Pn)
+ Pvl sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu.
+ Pdn sc chu ti ca cc theo t nn.
Trang: 14
5.1.Tnh to n p lc t c dng ln m v tr cu:

5.1.1.X t m cu:
a.X c nh Pi cd1 - tng ti trng ln nht ti mt ct ti y m tr cu.
Ta c:
P
i
cd 1
1
cd 1
= Pmcd(tru)
Pkcn
PLLcd1PL .
Trong :
1
+ Pmcd(tru)
:Khi lng m tnh to n cng 1
cd 1
+ Pkcn
:Khi lng KCN tnh to n cng 1
cd 1
+ PLL
PL :Khi lng hot ti xe v ti trng ngi i tnh to n cng 1
i vi m A v m B (v su ti ni t m tng i bng nhau nn m B

ging m A):
Pmocd 1 = G Am DC = 5025,377 1,25 = 6281,721 (kN).
cd 1
Pkcn
= ( dc DC dw DW)
Trong : :h s iu chnh ti trng ( =1).
DW :h s ti trng tnh ca lp o ng ( DW =1,5).
DC :h s ti trng tnh ca b phn kt cu ( DC =1,25)

DC :ti trng tnh ca b phn kt cu.
DW:ti trng tnh ca lp o ng.
: din tch ng nh hng Rg ti M A.
1met
+ DCbmc + DCtamdan + DClc )
+ DC = ( DC dc + DCdng
= 86,093+ 7,624 + 64,452 + 13.6 + 11,175
= 182,944 (KN).
+ DW = DWpmc = 28,215 (kN).
DW
DC
dah Rg(M.A)
M.A
1
39,2
Nhp = 40 (m), chn a = 0,4 (m) vi a l khong c ch u dm n tim gi.

Ltt = 40 2 0,4 = 39,2 (m).
1
2
= (1 39,2) =19,6(m2)
Trang: 15
cd 1
Pkcn = 1(1,25182,944 +1,528,215) 19,6 = 5311,649 (KN).

+ Tnh Pllcd 1pl :
PLLcd1PL = LL nm[(1+IM)0,65Piyi+9,3] PL 2TPL

Trong : - h s iu chnh ti trng. D . R . I 0,95. Chn = 1.
n s ln xe.
B rng phn xe chy = 7,5 (m)
n=
7 ,5
= 2,14(ln). chn n=2 (ln)
3,5
m h s ln xe, vi n = 2 => m = 1.
LL , PL - h s ti trng. Vi trng th i cng 1 th LL = PL = 1,75.
1+IM h s xung kch, 1 IM=1,25.

- din tch ng nh hng tng ng vi ti trng phn b t c dng.
T b rng phn ngi i, T = 1,0 (m).
PL ti trng on ngi, P = 3,0 kN/m2.
Piyi - ti trng do xe ti gy ra trong trng hp bt li nht
S tnh nh sau:
PL = 3,0 KN/m
1,2m
110KN
110KN
4,3m
145KN
4,3m
145KN
35KN
9,3 KN/m
DC (KN/m)
0,781
0,969
0,890
DW (KN/m)
M.A
dah Rg(M.A)
39,2

Ltt = 40 2 0,4 = 39,2 (m).
Piyi = max ( PiYi; PiYi )
3truc
2 truc
= max[( 145 1 + 145 0,890 + 35 0,781); (110 1 + 110 0,969)]

= max (301,385; 216,59)
= 301,385 (kN).
PLLcd1PL = LL nm [(1+IM)0,65Piyi + 9,3] PL 2TPL

=1,75211[1,250,65301,385 + 9,319,6]+11,75213,019,6
= 1700,843 (KN).
Trang: 16
Tng p lc ln m A (B) l :
=>
Pi
max
= 6281,721+ 5311,649+ 1700,843= 13294,213 (kN).
MA
5.1.2.i vi tr cu.
X t Tr T1 :
Ta c: Ptrucd1 = DC G1t
Trong :
+ DC :h s ti trng tnh ti ca kt cu v b phn lin kt, DC =1,25
+ G1t :Khi lng Tr, G1t = 5441,435 (kN).
-> Ptrucd1 =1,25 5441,435 = 6801,794 (KN).
cd 1
+ Tnh Pkcn
.
S tnh:
DC
DW
T1
ph
tr
dah Rg(T3)
dah Rg(T3)
39,2
39,2
cd 1
Ta c: Pkcn
= ( DC DC DW DW )
Vi: - =1
- : Din tch ng nh hng ca phn lc gi ti tr.
-DC =1,25
-DW =1,75
1met
= 86,093+ 7,624 + 64,452 + 13.6 + 11,175
= 182,944 (KN).
+ DW = DWpmc = 28,215 (kN).
1
2
= (139,2)2= 39,2
cd 1
-> Pkcn
= 1(1,25182,944 +1,528,215)39,2 = 10623,298 (KN).
cd 1
Tnh: PLL
PL .
Trng hp 1: hot ti do ngi

Cng thc x c nh:
xe ti
TT
PLLcd1PL = [ LL nm (1+IM) 0,65Piyi+ LL nm9,3 PL 2TPL]

Trang: 17
+ n s ln xe n=2 ln.
+ m h s ln xe, vi n = 2 => m = 1.
+ LL , Pl - h s ti trng.
Vi trng th i cng 1 th LL = Pl = 1,75.
+ IM h s xung kch, Vi trng th i cng 1 th IM = 25%.
+ T b rng phn ngi i, T = 1,0 (m).
+ PL ti trng on ngi, P = 3,0 kN/m2.
+
PiYi - ti trng do xe ti gy ra trong trng hp bt li nht.
S tnh nh sau:
PL=3,0 KN/m
1,2m
110KN
110KN
4,3m
4,3m
35KN
145KN
145KN
9,3 KN/m
DC (KN/m)
tr
0,890
0,969
T1
1
0,869
DW (KN/m)
dah Rg(T1)
39,2
ph
dah Rg(T1)
39,2
Trng hp xe ti 3 trc:
PLLcd1PL (3T)=1,75211[1,250,65 (1451+1450,890+350,890)

+9,339,2]+11,75213,039,2
= 2555,473 (KN).
PLLcd1PL (2T)=1,75211[1,250,65(1101+1100,969)+9,339,2]
+11,75213,039,2
= 2303,488 (KN)
Trng hp 2 :hot ti do ngi 90%(2 xe ti TT )
Cn ch rng: trong trng hp ny, vic xp xe s c tin hnh i vi tng
tr mt, i vi tng loi xe mt x t trng hp bt li. Hn na, tnh phn
lc gi phi t hp xe theo mt c ch th hai na nh sau:
y 90% hiu ng ca hai xe ti thit k c khong c ch trc b nh trc xe ny
c ch b nh sau xe kia l 15000 mm t hp vi 90% hiu ng ca ti trng ln thit
k, khong c ch gia c c trc 145 kN ca mi xe ti phi ly bng 4300mm( mc
3.6.1.3.1 22TCN25,332-05)
Trang: 18
Cng thc x c nh:
PLLcd1PL (2 xe)=0,9 LL nm [(1+IM) 0,65Piyi + 9,3] PL

2TPL
S tnh nh sau:
PL=3,0 KN/m
15 m
4,3m
4,3m
35KN
145KN
145KN
145KN
4,3m
4,3m
35KN
145KN
9,3 KN/m
DW (KN/m)
DC (KN/m)
tr
dah Rg(T1)
39,2
0,288
0398
0,508
39,2
0,890
0,890
ph
T1
dah Rg(T1)
Nhp = 40(m), chn a = 0,4 (m) vi a l khong c ch u dm n tim gi.

Ltt = 40 2 0,4 = 39,2 (m).
1
2
= ( 139,2)2 = 39,2
PLLcd1PL (2 xe) = 0,91,75211[1,250,65 (1451+1450,890+350,890

+ 1450,508+1450,398 + 350,288) +9,339,2]+11,75213,039,2
= 2703,109 (KN).
Vy:
PLLcd1PL = max [ PLLcd1PL (3T); PLLcd1PL (2T); PLLcd1PL (2 xe)]

=max (2555,473; 2303,488; 2703,109) = 2703,109 (kN).
=>
max
= 6801,794 + 10623,298 + 2703,109 = 20128,201 (kN).
truT 1
X t Tr T2:
Tng t nh tr T2, ta c:
c 1
t
+ PtruT
2 = DC G2 = 1,25 6041,735= 7552,169 (kN).
cd 1
+ Pkcn = 10623,298 (kN).

cd 1
+ PLL
PL = 2703,109 (KN).
=>
P
i
m ax
= 7552,169 +10623,298+2703,109 = 20347,576 (kN).
truT 2
5.2 X c nh s lng cc trong m tr cu.

5.2.1.Sc chu ti ca cc.
Trang: 19
Theo s liu kho s t a cht th tnh cht ca c c lp a cht di lng sng

c cho nh sau:
Lp 1: St d o dy 3.0m .
Lp 2: Ct ht mn dy 3,5m.
Lp 3: Ct ht th, trng thi cht.
T tnh cht ca c c lp t nu trn ta nhn thy lp t tt nm su khng
ln lm li ph hp vi cc ma s t. Nn ta chn cc y l cc ng.
5.2.2.Sc chu ti ca cc m: M A
Chn cc ng BTCT kch thc 35x35 cm.B tng lm cc f 'c =30MPa.
D kin chiu di cc l: 14 m
Sc chu ti dc trc c chia lm hai loi:
Sc chu ti theo vt liu (Pvl)
Sc chu ti theo vt liu c nh gi thng qua sc chu ti theo vt liu cc
hn (Pvl) c tnh to n da trn cng cc hn ca vt liu.
Sc chu ti theo t nn (Pdn)
Sc chu ti theo t nn: ti trng ca cng trnh truyn xung cc v c truyn
vo nn t thng qua mt hoc hai hoc c hai phn sau y:
Sc khng bn (Pfi): l phn lc ca t xung quanh cc vi din tch xung quanh
tit din coc.
Sc kh ng mi (Pp) : l phn lc ca t mi cc tc dng ln u cc.
Sc chu ti cc hn ca cc l gi tr nh nht ca sc chu ti theo vt liu v sc
chu ti theo t nn: Pu = min {Pvl;Pdn}
a,Tnh sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu:[mc 5.7.4.4 22TCN272-05]
-Cng thc x c nh :
Pr= .Pn
Trong : Cc BTCT c ct ai xon:
Pn =0,85.[0,85. f 'c .( Ag Ast)+ f y . Ast].
Pr : Sc khng lc dc trc tnh ton (N)
Pn: Sc khng lc dc trc danh nh (N)
f 'c : Cng qui nh ca BT cc 28 ngy; f 'c =30MPa.

Ag: Din tch mi cc. Ag=122500 mm2
f y : Gii hn chy qui nh ca ct thp ch. f y =420MPa.

Ast: Din tch ct thp ch, 416 c Ast=803,8 mm2
: H s sc khng. =0,75.
Trang: 20
Thay vo ta c:
Pn= 0,85[0,8530(122500-803,8)+420803,8] = 2924722 (N).
+Sc khng dc trc tnh ton:
Pr= Pvl = 0,752924,722 = 2193,542 (KN).
b,Sc chu ti ca cc theo t nn:
Thc t, ngi ta tnh ton sc chu ti cc theo t nn thng da vo kt qu ca
th nghim hin trng CPT (SPT) bng cch tin hnh o s m cc /30 mm ti hii
trng.Tuy nhin, trong phm vi n mn hc i vi cc ng ta c th gi thit
sc chu ti ca cc theo t nn t 80-100 T, ta chn chiu di cc L=14 m vi sc
chu ti cc theo t nn Pn=100 T.
Kt hp kh nng chu lc theo hai iu kin tnh ton:
P= min(Pvl;Pdn)= min (219,35; 100)T= 100 (T).
Kh nng chu lc tnh ton
Ptkcoc = [P]=100/1,4= 71,43 T = 714,3 (KN).

Bng tnh ton s lng cc trong M v Tr
1
Pmcd(tru)
Pkcncd1
(KN)
(KN)
M A
6281,721
5311,649
M B
6281,721
5311,649
1700,843
Tr T1
6801,794
10623,298
Tr T2
7552,169
10623,298
cd 1
cd 1
LL PL
(KN)
1700,843
(KN)
13294,213
Ptkcoc
(KN)
ntt
(Cc)
nchn
(Cc)
714,29
1,4
18,61
21
13294,213
714,29
1,4
18,61
21
2703,109
20128,201
769,23
1,3
26,17
27
2703,109
20878,576
769,23
1,3
27,14
27
B tr cc trong m A v B (21 cc 3535cm) di 14m.
12200
700
450
3000
450
700
B tr cc trong tr T1 (21 cc 3535cm) di 14m.

Trang: 21
9300
450
3000
450
450
CHNG 2 : THIT K S B CU DM GIN N BTCT ST CH T

(KT CU NHP GM 3 NHP 40m)
Cu gm 3 nhp : 40 3 = 120 (m), b tng ct th p d ng lc.
Chn mt ct ngang dm ch dng ch T.
Tng b rng cu : Bmc = K(w) + 2T + 2(B1+B2)
Trong : K(w) : Mt xe chy , K(w) = 7,5 m.
T : ngi i , T = 1,5 m.
B1 : Lan can, B1 = 0,5 m.
Dng vt sn phn ln phn c ch phn xe chy v phn ngi i b rng
B2=0,25m
Do vy : Bmc = 7,5 + 2 1,5 + 2(0,5 +0,25) = 12 (m)
a chn kch thc mt ct ngang cu :
Gi Nb l s lng dm ch.
S l khong c ch gia c c dm ch.
Ta c : S =
Bmc
, vi Bmc l tng b rng cu.
Nb
Theo kinh nghim th i vi cu trn ng t ly : S = 1,6 2,6 m.

Chn S = 2,4 m => Nb =
B 12
=
= 5 (dm), chn Nb = 5 (dm)
S 2, 4
Phn c nh hng :
Trang: 22

Sk=
Bmc ( N b 1) S
12 (5 1) 2,4
=
= 1,2 (m), chn Sk = 1,2 (m)
2
2
Chn Nb = 5; S = 2,3 (m); Sk = 1,2 (m).

Vy B = 4 2,4 + 2 1,2 = 12 (m).
B tr dm ngang ti c c v tr gi cu, /4, /2 :nh vy c 5 mt ct.
S lng dm ngang trong mt nhp l : Nn = (Nb-1) 5 = (5-1) 5 = 20 dm.
1.Chn kch thc v x c nh trng lng bn thn dm ch.
Dung trng ca btng ximng ct th p l 2,5 (T/m3).
Dung trng ca btng nha l 2,25 (T/m3).
Dung trng ca ct th p l 7,85 (T/m3).
Chiu di ton dm 40 (m). Theo AASHTO chiu cao ti thiu
ddc = 0,045 x L = 0,045 x 40 = 1,8m
Chn ddc = 1,8 (m).
Kch thc mt ct ngang dm ch nh hnh v:
Tnh to n c trng hnh hc ca c c tit din:

Din tch mt ct gia nhp:
1
2
1
2
Agia nhp= 0,20,1 + 0,60,25 +[ (0,6 + 0,2) 0,2] +20,2+[ (0,5 + 0,2) 0,15]
=0,7025 (m2)
Din tch mt ct gi:
A gi= 1,6 0,6 + 20,2 = 1,36(m2).
Th tch btng ca mt dm ch BTCT D : =40 m.
1
2
Vdm = 340,7025 + (1,2+0,3) 1,362+ (0,7025 + 1,36) 0,62 = 29,2025 (m3 )

Th tch btng ca ton b dm ch trong mt nhp (gm 5 dm).
V = 29,2025 5 = 146,013 (m3).
Trng lng btng ca dm ch trong mt nhp = 40 m ca cu l:
DCbtdc = V C = 146,013 2,5 = 365,033 (T) = 3650,33 (kN).
Trang: 23
D tnh trng lng th p trong dm ch l 0,12 (T/m3), do vy trng lng th p

trong ton b dm ch ca mt nhp l:
DCtdc = 0,12 146,013 10 = 175,216 (kN).
Trng lng btng ct th p ca ton b dm ch trn mt m t di l:

DC dc =
DC tdc DC btdc
175,216 3650,33
=
= 95,66 (kN/m).
40
40
2.X c nh trng lng bn thn dm ngang.

Dm ngang c kch thc nh hnh v c b tr c c v tr hai u, /4, /2 ca
dm ch.
Chn chiu cao dm ngang gia nhp ddng = 0,75 m.
Chiu cao dm ngang ti gi ddng = 1,0 m.
Chn chiu dy dm ngang = 0,2 m.
Dm ngang gia nhp

Din tch ca dm ngang mt ct ti nhp :
1
2
Dm ngang ti gi
1
2
Anhpdng = 1 2,1 + [ (2,1 + 1,7) 0,2] + [ (1,8 + 2,1) 0,15]

= 2,773 (m3).
Din tch ca dm ngang mt ct ti hai gi :
Agidng = 1,6 1,7 = 2,72 ( m2)
Th tch btng ca ton b dm ngang trong mt nhp l:
Vdmngang = (3.Anhpdng 2.Agidng ) 4
= (3 2,773 0,2 + 2 2,72 0,2) 4 = 11,007 (m3).
Trng lng btng ca ton b dm ngang trong mt nhp l:
DCbtdng = Vdmngang C = 11,007 2,5 = 27,518 (T) =275,18 (kN).
D tnh trng lng th p trong dm ngang l 0,12 (T/m3), do vy trng lng th p

trong ton b dm ngang ca mt nhp l:
DCtdng = 0,12 11,007 10 = 13,208 (kN).
Trng lng btng ct th p ca ton b dm ngang trn mt m t di l :
Trang: 24

1met
dng
DC
DC btdng DC tdng
=
40
275,18 13,208
= 7,21 (kN/m).
40
3.Xc nh trng lng bn thn mi ni.
Din tch mi ni: Amn=0,20,3=0,06m2

Th tch mi ni vi dm 38m : Vmn=A40=0,0640=2,4m3
Khi lng mi ni :
DCmn =2,42,510 + 0,122,410 = 62,88 KN
Trng lng mi ni trn mt m t di :

DCmn 62,88
KN
1met
DCmn
=
=
=1,572
m
40
40
4.X c nh trng lng bn thn c c lp ph mt cu v lan can.
a.i vi c c lp ph mt cu.
C c lp ph mt cu gm:
B tng Atphan dy 7cm.
p phng nc dy 0,4 cm.
p to dc bng va xi mng trung bnh dy 4 cm.
Khi lng c c lp ph mt cu tnh cho 1m di theo phng dc cu:
Chiu dy trung bnh lp ph mt cu:
= 0,07 0,04 0,004 = 0,114 (m)
DW pmc =.B.p = 0,114 112,25 10 =28,215 (kN/m).
b.Trng lng tm an gia c c dm trong 1 nhp 40m.

G= 0,081,7 40 4 2,5 =54,4 (T)
-Trng lng tm an:
DCtd= G10= 54,4 10 = 544 (KN)
-Trng lng tm an trn 1m di:
DCtan =
544
= 13,6 (KN).
40
c.i vi lan can, tay vn.

V khng c di phn c ch nn ta thit k lan can tay vn cng c kh nng chng
li lc va ca xe, c c thng s k thut cho nh trn hnh v:
Trang: 25
Din tch mt ct ngang phn btng ca b lan can l:

1
2
Ablc = 0,250,55 + (0,3 + 0,1) 0,25 = 0,1875 ( m2).

Th tch b tng phn tr lan can:
Vt = (0,6 0,2) 0,2 - (0,1 0,1) 2 0,2 = 0,02 (m3)
200
20
20
60
25
10
55
25
25
10 20
60
10
10
50
C c tr c ch nhau 2m, tng s lng tr trn 1 nhp l 21 tr.

Th tch b tng thanh ging trn 1 nhp l:
Vtg = 0,10,11,82212 = 1,512 (m3).
Tng th tch b tng ct th p: V=0,1875402+0,02212 +1,512=17,352 (m3)
Hm lng ct th p trong lan can chim Kp = 1,5 %
Th tch ct th p trong lan can l: Vct = KpV = 17.352 1,5% = 0,26 (m3).
Khi lng ca ct thp trong lan can l: DCt = Vct s = 0,26 7,58 = 1,971 (T)
Th tch b tng trong lan can: Vbt = V-Vct = 17,352 0,26 = 17,092 (m3)
Khi lng ca b tng trong lan can: Dbt= Vbt c = 17.092 2,5 = 42,73 (T)
Trng lng ca ton b phn lan can tay vn trn 1 nhp l :
DClc = (DCbt + DC t )10= (42,73+1,971)10 = 447,01 (KN)
Trng lng lan can, tay vn trn 1m di l:

DClc =
447,01
= 11,175 (KN/m).
40
5.Xc nh kch thc v tnh to n khi lng m tr cu.

a.X c nh kch thc m cu.
Chn m ch U ci tin lm m cu.
Kch thc m c chn nh sau:
Trang: 26
-Chn gi cu bng cao su tm th p bn c: hg = (512) cm, chn hg = 5 cm.

Chiu cao tng nh : ht = hd + ht + hg = 180 + 15 + 5 = 200 cm.
-Chiu di dm ch = 40 m nn chn bo = 100 cm.
Bm = (30 50) + bo + (10 15) = (30 50) + 100 + (10 15) = 140 165 (cm),
chn Bm = 150 (cm).
Bbm = Bm + b1 + b2
Vi b1 0,5 (m), chn b1 = 0,5 (m)
b2 (1,5 2)b1 = (0,75 1,0) m, chn b2 = 1,0 (m).
Bbm = 150 + 50 + 100 = 300 (cm).
Chn hbm = 2 m.
i vi cu dm BTCTST c = 40 m ,nn chon a1=50 cm
atg = bbd = 60 cm, => at = atg (3040) = 90 100 cm. Chn at = 100 cm.
Do : Am = 2 a1 + 2
a dt
+ (n - 1)S
2
Vi : n- l s dm ch, n=5.
S -l khong c ch gia hai dm ch, S=240 (cm).
Am = 2 50 + 100 + 4 240 = 1160 (cm) = 11,6 (m).
Abm = Am + 2 0,5 = 11,6 + 1 = 12,6 (m).
300
11600
2000
1:1
700
3000
2000
2000
1500
1500
1000
12600
b.Tnh to n khi lng m cu.

Trang: 27
V t p 2 bn tng ng nhau nn ta thit k m B nh m A:

Tnh to n th tch m:
Th tch c c b phn m bng: Vi = Fi x li x n (m3)
Trng lng c c b phn bng: Gi = Vi x 2,5 x 9,81 (KN)
Trong : Fi , li , n : ln lt l din tch tit din cnh, chiu dy, s lng ca
c c b phn m cu.
Kt qu tnh to n c lp thnh bng nh sau:
Din
tch
B phn
tnh
li
Th
Khi lng
Trng
lng
tch
ring
lng
ci
m3
g(T/m3)
(KN)
ton
m2
Tng nh
0,6
11,6
6,96
2,5
174
X m m
0,75
11,6
8,7
2,5
217,5
Thn m
11,6
11,6
2,5
290
B mng m
12,6
75,6
2,5
1890
Tng c nh
7,75
11,6
89,9
2,5
2247,5
Bn gim ti
8,7
0,2
6,96
2,5
174
k gi cu
0,15
0,75
2,5
18,75
Tng cng
5011,75
Trng lng ton b btng ca m cu l: Gbtm = 5011,75 (kN).

D tnh trng lng ct th p trong m l 0,09(T/m3), vy trng lng thp trong
m l:
Gtm =Vm 0,0910 = 0,09 (6,96 + 8,7 + 11,6+ 75,6 + 89,9 + 6,96+0,75) 10
= 180,423 (kN).
Vy trng lng ton b ca m l:
GBm = G Am = Gbtm + Gtm = 5011,75+180,423=5192,173 (kN).
c.X c nh kch thc tr cu.

Chn tr cu thuc loi tr c thn hp.
Kch thc tr cu c chn nh sau:
-Chn gi cu bng cao su_tm th p c hg = (512) cm, chn hg = 5 cm.
Trang: 28

V
= 40 m nn chn: b1= 30 cm, Bm =180 cm
Bt = 180 (30 50) = 150 130 (cm), chn Bt = 130 cm.

Bbt = bt + 2 x 150 = 130 + 300 = 330 (cm).
Chn hbt = 2 m.
Tng t nh m th At = 2 55+ 2
100
+ 4 240 = 1170 cm = 11,7 m.
2
Att = At 2.lk , vi lk = 1,5 3m , y chn lk = 1, 5m.

Att = 11,7 3 = 8,7m.
Chn h = 2 m.
h1 = (0,4 0,5)h = 0,8 1 (m), chn h1 = 0,8 (m). Do vy h2 = 0,7 (m).
Abt = Att + 2 x 0,5 = 8,7+ 1 = 9,7 m.
Tr T1:
1600
1000
1000
11700
1000
1000
1000
1500
800 700
1000
1500
1200
11600
8700
1000
2000
1000
3200
9700
d.Tnh to n khi lng tr cu.

Trng lng ca tr cu (phn btng) bao gm: trng lng m tr, trng lng
thn tr, trng lng b tr, trng lng tng, k gi.
Trng lng m tr:
Gtm = (11,7 1,5 2
1
1,5 0,8) 1,6 2,5 10 = 654 (kN).
2
Trng lng thn tr: Gtt = 11,6 1,2 8,7 2,5 10 = 3027,6(kN).
Trang: 29
trong tr l:
1
Gtht =[(11,71,5-2 1,50,8)1,6+11,61,28,7+3,29,72+110,155]0,0910
2
= 189,085 (kN).
G1t = Gtm + Gtt + Gtb + Gtdt + Gtht
= 654 + 3027,6 + 1552 + 18,75 + 189,085 = 5441,435 (kN).

Trng lng m tr:
Gtm = (11,7 1,5 2
1
1,5 0,8) 1,6 2,5 10 = 654 (kN).
2
Trng lng thn tr: Gtt = 13,9 1,2 8,7 2,5 10 = 3627,9 (kN).
trong tr l:
1
Gtht =[(11,71,5-2 1,50,8)1,6+11,61,28,7+3,29,72+110,155]0,0910
2
= 189,085 (kN).
G 2t = Gtm + Gtt + Gtb + Gtdt + Gtht
= 654 + 3627,9 + 1552 + 18,75 + 189,085 = 6041,735 (kN).

5.X c nh s lng cc trong b mng ca m tr cu.
S lng cc c x c nh theo cng thc sau:
n=
Pi cd1
Ptkcoc
Trong :
+n s lng cc.
+ - h s kinh nghim c x t n ti trng ngang v mmen = (1,4 1,6). i
vi m ch U ci tin (m nng) v tr i thp ta ly = 1,5.
+ Pi cd1 - tng ti trng ln nht ti mt ct ti y m tr cu.
+ Ptkcoc =min(Pvl ;Pn)
Trang: 30
+ Pvl sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu.

+ Pdn sc chu ti ca cc theo t nn.
5.1.Tnh to n p lc t c dng ln m v tr cu:
5.1.1.X t m cu:
a.X c nh Pi cd1 - tng ti trng ln nht ti mt ct ti y m tr cu.
Ta c:
P
i
cd 1
1
cd 1
= Pmcd(tru)
Pkcn
PLLcd1PL .
Trong :
1
+ Pmcd(tru)
:Khi lng m tnh to n cng 1
cd 1
+ Pkcn
:Khi lng KCN tnh to n cng 1
cd 1
+ PLL
PL :Khi lng hot ti xe v ti trng ngi i tnh to n cng 1
i vi m A v m B (v su ti ni t m tng i bng nhau nn m B

ging m A):
Pmocd 1 = G Am DC = 5025,377 1,25 = 6281,721 (kN).
cd 1
Pkcn
= ( dc DC dw DW)
Trong : :h s iu chnh ti trng ( =1).
DW :h s ti trng tnh ca lp o ng ( DW =1,5).
DC :h s ti trng tnh ca b phn kt cu ( DC =1,25)

DC :ti trng tnh ca b phn kt cu.
DW:ti trng tnh ca lp o ng.
: din tch ng nh hng Rg ti M A.
1met
= 86,093+ 7,624 + 64,452 + 13.6 + 11,175
= 182,944 (KN).
+ DW = DWpmc = 28,215 (kN).
DW
DC
dah Rg(M.A)
M.A
1
39,2

Ltt = 40 2 0,4 = 39,2 (m).
Trang: 31
1
2
= (1 39,2) =19,6(m2)
cd 1
Pkcn = 1(1,25182,944 +1,528,215) 19,6 = 5311,649 (KN).

+ Tnh Pllcd 1pl :
PLLcd1PL = LL nm[(1+IM)0,65Piyi+9,3] PL 2TPL

n s ln xe.
B rng phn xe chy = 7,5 (m)
n=
7 ,5
= 2,14(ln). chn n=2 (ln)
3,5
m h s ln xe, vi n = 2 => m = 1.
LL , PL - h s ti trng. Vi trng th i cng 1 th LL = PL = 1,75.
1+IM h s xung kch, 1 IM=1,25.

T b rng phn ngi i, T = 1,0 (m).
PL ti trng on ngi, P = 3,0 kN/m2.
Piyi - ti trng do xe ti gy ra trong trng hp bt li nht
S tnh nh sau:
PL = 3,0 KN/m
1,2m
110KN
110KN
4,3m
145KN
4,3m
145KN
35KN
9,3 KN/m
DC (KN/m)
0,781
0,969
0,890
DW (KN/m)
M.A
dah Rg(M.A)
39,2

Ltt = 40 2 0,4 = 39,2 (m).
Piyi = max ( PiYi; PiYi )
3truc
2 truc
= max[( 145 1 + 145 0,890 + 35 0,781); (110 1 + 110 0,969)]

= max (301,385; 216,59)
= 301,385 (kN).
PLLcd1PL = LL nm [(1+IM)0,65Piyi + 9,3] PL 2TPL

Trang: 32
=1,75211[1,250,65301,385 + 9,319,6]+11,75213,019,6
= 1700,843 (KN).
Tng p lc ln m A (B) l :
=>
Pi
max
= 6281,721+ 5311,649+ 1700,843= 13294,213 (kN).
MA
5.1.2.i vi tr cu.
X t Tr T1 :
Ta c: Ptrucd1 = DC G1t
Trong :
+ DC :h s ti trng tnh ti ca kt cu v b phn lin kt, DC =1,25
+ G1t :Khi lng Tr, G1t = 5441,435 (kN).
-> Ptrucd1 =1,25 5441,435 = 6801,794 (KN).
cd 1
+ Tnh Pkcn
.
S tnh:
DC
DW
T1
ph
tr
dah Rg(T3)
dah Rg(T3)
39,2
39,2
cd 1
Ta c: Pkcn
= ( DC DC DW DW )
Vi: - =1
- : Din tch ng nh hng ca phn lc gi ti tr.
-DC =1,25
-DW =1,75
1met
= 86,093+ 7,624 + 64,452 + 13.6 + 11,175
= 182,944 (KN).
+ DW = DWpmc = 28,215 (kN).
1
2
= (139,2)2= 39,2
cd 1
-> Pkcn
= 1(1,25182,944 +1,528,215)39,2 = 10623,298 (KN).
cd 1
Tnh: PLL
PL .
Trng hp 1: hot ti do ngi

Cng thc x c nh:
xe ti
TT
Trang: 33
PLLcd1PL = [ LL nm (1+IM) 0,65Piyi+ LL nm9,3 PL 2TPL]

+ n s ln xe n=2 ln.
+ m h s ln xe, vi n = 2 => m = 1.
+ LL , Pl - h s ti trng.
Vi trng th i cng 1 th LL = Pl = 1,75.
+ IM h s xung kch, Vi trng th i cng 1 th IM = 25%.
+ T b rng phn ngi i, T = 1,0 (m).
+ PL ti trng on ngi, P = 3,0 kN/m2.
+
PiYi - ti trng do xe ti gy ra trong trng hp bt li nht.
S tnh nh sau:
PL=3,0 KN/m
1,2m
110KN
110KN
4,3m
4,3m
35KN
145KN
145KN
9,3 KN/m
DC (KN/m)
tr
0,890
0,969
T1
1
0,869
DW (KN/m)
dah Rg(T1)
39,2
ph
dah Rg(T1)
39,2
PLLcd1PL (3T)=1,75211[1,250,65 (1451+1450,890+350,890)

+9,339,2]+11,75213,039,2
= 2555,473 (KN).
PLLcd1PL (2T)=1,75211[1,250,65(1101+1100,969)+9,339,2]
+11,75213,039,2
= 2303,488 (KN)
Trng hp 2 :hot ti do ngi 90%(2 xe ti TT )
Cn ch rng: trong trng hp ny, vic xp xe s c tin hnh i vi tng
tr mt, i vi tng loi xe mt x t trng hp bt li. Hn na, tnh phn
lc gi phi t hp xe theo mt c ch th hai na nh sau:
Trang: 34
y 90% hiu ng ca hai xe ti thit k c khong c ch trc b nh trc xe ny

c ch b nh sau xe kia l 15000 mm t hp vi 90% hiu ng ca ti trng ln thit
k, khong c ch gia c c trc 145 kN ca mi xe ti phi ly bng 4300mm( mc
3.6.1.3.1 22TCN25,332-05)
Cng thc x c nh:
PLLcd1PL (2 xe)=0,9 LL nm [(1+IM) 0,65Piyi 9,3] PL

2TP
S tnh nh sau:
PL=3,0 KN/m
15 m
4,3m
4,3m
35KN
145KN
145KN
145KN
4,3m
4,3m
9,3 KN/m
DW (KN/m)
DC (KN/m)
tr
dah Rg(T1)
39,2
0,288
0398
0,508
T1
0,890
0,890
ph
39,2
Nhp
35KN
145KN
dah Rg(T1)
= 40(m), chn a = 0,4 (m) vi a l khong c ch u dm n tim gi.
Ltt = 40 2 0,4 = 39,2 (m).

1
2
= ( 139,2)2 = 39,2
PLLcd1PL (2 xe) = 0,91,75211[1,250,65 (1451+1450,890+350,890

+ 1450,508+1450,398 + 350,288) +9,339,2]+11,75213,039,2
= 2703,109 (KN).
Vy:
PLLcd1PL = max [ PLLcd1PL (3T); PLLcd1PL (2T); PLLcd1PL (2 xe)]

=max (2555,473; 2303,488; 2703,109) = 2703,109 (kN).
=>
P
i
max
= 6801,794 + 10623,298 + 2703,109 = 20128,201 (kN).
truT 1
X t Tr T2:
Tng t nh tr T2, ta c:
c 1
t
+ PtruT
2 = DC G2 = 1,25 6041,735= 7552,169 (kN).
cd 1
+ Pkcn = 10623,298 (kN).

cd 1
+ PLL
PL = 2703,109 (KN).
Trang: 35

=>
m ax
= 7552,169 +10623,298+2703,109 = 20347,576 (kN).
truT 2
5.2 X c nh s lng cc trong m tr cu.

5.2.1.Sc chu ti ca cc.
Theo s liu kho s t a cht th tnh cht ca c c lp a cht di lng sng
c cho nh sau:
Lp 1: St d o dy 3.0m .
Lp 2: Ct ht mn dy 3,5m.
Lp 3: Ct ht th, trng thi cht.
T tnh cht ca c c lp t nu trn ta nhn thy lp t tt nm su khng
ln lm li ph hp vi cc ma s t. Nn ta chn cc y l cc ng.
5.2.2.Sc chu ti ca cc m: M A
Chn cc ng BTCT kch thc 35x35 cm.B tng lm cc f 'c =30MPa.
D kin chiu di cc l: 14 m
Sc chu ti dc trc c chia lm hai loi:
Sc chu ti theo vt liu (Pvl)
Sc chu ti theo vt liu c nh gi thng qua sc chu ti theo vt liu cc
hn (Pvl) c tnh to n da trn cng cc hn ca vt liu.
Sc chu ti theo t nn (Pdn)
Sc chu ti theo t nn: ti trng ca cng trnh truyn xung cc v c truyn
vo nn t thng qua mt hoc hai hoc c hai phn sau y:
Sc khng bn (Pfi): l phn lc ca t xung quanh cc vi din tch xung quanh
tit din coc.
Sc kh ng mi (Pp) : l phn lc ca t mi cc tc dng ln u cc.
Sc chu ti cc hn ca cc l gi tr nh nht ca sc chu ti theo vt liu v sc
chu ti theo t nn: Pu = min {Pvl;Pdn}
a,Tnh sc chu ti ca cc theo vt liu:[mc 5.7.4.4 22TCN272-05]
-Cng thc x c nh :
Pr= .Pn
Trong : Cc BTCT c ct ai xon:
Pn =0,85.[0,85. f 'c .( Ag Ast)+ f y . Ast].
Pr : Sc khng lc dc trc tnh ton (N)
Pn: Sc khng lc dc trc danh nh (N)
f 'c : Cng qui nh ca BT cc 28 ngy; f 'c =30MPa.

Ag: Din tch mi cc. Ag=122500 mm2
Trang: 36
f y : Gii hn chy qui nh ca ct thp ch. f y =420MPa.

Ast: Din tch ct thp ch, 416 c Ast=803,8 mm2
: H s sc khng. =0,75.
Thay vo ta c:
Pn= 0,85[0,8530(122500-803,8)+420803,8] = 2924722 (N).
+Sc khng dc trc tnh ton:
Pr= Pvl = 0,752924,722 = 2193,542 (KN).
b,Sc chu ti ca cc theo t nn:
Thc t, ngi ta tnh ton sc chu ti cc theo t nn thng da vo kt qu ca
th nghim hin trng CPT (SPT) bng cch tin hnh o s m cc /30 mm ti hii
trng.Tuy nhin, trong phm vi n mn hc i vi cc ng ta c th gi thit
sc chu ti ca cc theo t nn t 80-100 T, ta chn chiu di cc L=14 m vi sc
chu ti cc theo t nn Pn=100 T.
Kt hp kh nng chu lc theo hai iu kin tnh ton:
P= min(Pvl;Pdn)= min (219,35; 100)T= 100 (T).
Kh nng chu lc tnh ton
Ptkcoc = [P]=100/1,4= 71,43 T = 714,3 (KN).

Bng tnh ton s lng cc trong M v Tr
1
Pmcd(tru)
Pkcncd1
(KN)
(KN)
M A
6281,721
5311,649
M B
6281,721
5311,649
1700,843
Tr T1
6801,794
10623,298
Tr T2
7552,169
10623,298
cd 1
cd 1
LL PL
(KN)
1700,843
(KN)
13294,213
Ptkcoc
(KN)
ntt
(Cc)
nchn
(Cc)
714,29
1,4
18,61
21
13294,213
714,29
1,4
18,61
21
2703,109
20128,201
769,23
1,3
26,17
27
2703,109
20878,576
769,23
1,3
27,14
27
B tr cc trong m A v B (21 cc 3535cm) di 14m.
Trang: 37
12200
700
450
3000
450
700
B tr cc trong tr T1 (21 cc 3535cm) di 14m.
9300
450
3000
450
450
CHNG 3 :
SO SNH CHN PHNG N
-Mi phng n thi cng u c nhng u nhc im ring v vy tm ra
phng n ti u trong c c phng n a ra trn th ta phi tin hnh phn tch,
so s nh, la chn gia c c phng n da vo c c ch tiu ch yu sau:
Da vo tng gi thnh xy dng ban u.
Da vo iu kin thi cng ch to v kh nng tn dng vt liu.
Da vo iu kin khai th c, duy tu bo dng.
Kin trc m quan.
phn s b chng ta a ra 02 phng n cu dm gin n BCTC.ST nn
y ta s nh gi kh ch quan mt s u, nhc im ca c hai phng n s
b.
3.1. Theo iu kin thi cng ch to.
u im:
Trang: 38
-Khng ph t sinh ni lc ph khi mng m b ln.

-Cng trnh bn chc ph hp vi quy m vnh cu, tn dng c vt liu a
phng. t s dng c c loi vt liu him, t tin.
-Cng ngh thi cng n gin, nh hnh ha v c s dng kh ph bin. C
th ch to dm i tr ti nh m y hoc ti cng trng, c c nh thu trong v
ngoi nc u c th lm c, thi gian thi cng nhanh nn t b nh hng bi
thi tit xu.
Nhc im:
-Kt cu nng n, thi cng dm khng cn thn s d b r tn kinh ph x l, lm
gim ng sut ca dm. Khi kch v sng dm trn b c theo phng ngang rt
d mt an ton lm dm b gy dn n tn thm kinh ph, gim tin thi cng v
mt uy tn ca nh thu thi cng.
-iu kin ch to dm c th sn xut ti cng xng, nhng vi c c cng trnh
vng su vng xa, khng c ng vn chuyn th dm phi sn xut ti hai bn
b sng v a phng khng c nh m y sn xut loi cu kin ny m phi t
mua vn chuyn xa t tin, hn na iu kin vn chuyn ng b khng cho
ph p v cu kin qu kh v nng. Dm c ti ch c cht lng khng cao.
So snh:
phng n 2 c khi lng tr nhiu dn n k o di thi gian thi cng va thu
hp dng chy.
Kh nng vt nhp ngn hn so vi phng n 1.
3.2. Theo iu kin khai th c s dng.
u im:
-Trong qu trnh s dng t phi duy tu bo dng thng xuyn.
-Khng chu t c ng ca mi trng.
-C th m rng cu khi cn thit.
Nhc im:
Do hn ch kh nng thi cng ca thit b dn n khng vt c nhp ln, do
s lng tr thi cng nhiu dn ti nh hng dng chy ca sng, tng chi ph
thi cng tr, ng thi s lng cc ng cng nhiu nn chi ph cho cng ngh
ny cng ln hn.
Kt cu nhp nng;
So snh:
Trang: 39
-Nhn thy phng n 1 c chiu di nhp ln hn chiu di nhp ca phng n 2

nn s gim c s lng tr thi cng, gim s lng cc ng dn ti gim chi
ph thi cng cu.
Ngoi ra phng n 1 cn c kh nng vt nhp ln hn, t gy nh hng ti
dng chy ca sng.
3.3. Theo iu kin kin trc.
-V phng din kin trc th cu dm gin n BTCT c nhiu u im nh: kiu
d ng p do s hi ha gia v kt cu nhp, u im v tiu chun ha kt cu
ng thi thit b thi cng n gin, trnh ch to v thi cng dm khng cn
i hi cao.
KT UN:
Qua vic phn tch, nh gi v so s nh mt s c im, ch tiu ca hai phng

n trn ta thy mi phng n u c nhng u v nhc im ring nhng cn c
vo tc ph t trin, m quan ca mt tuyn ng th ta chn phng n I
thit k k thut l hp l nht.
Vy ta chn phng n I: Phng n cu dm gin n BTCT.ST nhp
433.5m a vo thit k k thut.
PHN II
THIT K K THUT
CHNG 1 : THIT K BN MT CU
I.S tnh:
1.S tnh to n.
Trang: 40
1150
2300
2300
2300
2300
2.Chiu dy bn.
Chn t0 = 185 mm lm chiu dy chu lc ca bn mt cu, cng thm 15 mm hao
mn, trng lng bn khi tnh l tS = 200 mm.
V bn hng ca dm ngoi phi thit k vi ti trng xe va vo lan can nn chiu
dy bn tng ln 25 mm c tsk = 225 (mm).
II.X c nh c c loi ti trng.
Tnh ti.
Tnh cho di bn rng 1(m) theo phng ngang cu:
Bn dy 200 (mm):
DC1kdam = 1 tS 2,5 10 = 1 0,2 2,5 10 = 5 (kN/m).
Bn dy 225 mm (phn c nh hng):

DC 2hang = 1 tsk 2,5 10 = 1 0,225 2,5 10 = 5,625 (kN/m).
p ph mt cu:
DW = 1 p = 1 0,114 2,25 10 = 2,565 (kN/m).
Lan can:
DC3 = DC lc 1m = 10,739 1 = 10,739 (kN) ( tp trung).
Hot ti t c dng.
Vi S=2,3(m) S= 4,6(m) nn y ta ch x t ti trng b nh xe khng c ti
trng ln
Xe ti thit k.
Trang: 41
1150
n gin tnh to n nn chn ti trng b nh xe c m hnh ha nh ti trng

tp trung:
b
b+hf
l
l+hf
Hnh 1.2:Phn btai tro

ng banh xe
Din tch tip xc ca b nh xe v mt ng:

-Chiu rng (ngang cu) b = 510mm
-Chiu di dc cu:
l = 2,28 10- 3 LL (1+ IM)
P
2
Trong :
LL: h s ti trng ca t, LL = 1,75.
IM : lc xung kch(%), trong trng hp ny IM = 0,25.
P : ti trng b nh xe, P = 145 (kN) = 145000 (N).
l = 2,28 10- 3 1,75 (1+ 0,25 )
145000
= 361,59 (mm)
2
Din tch phn b ca b nh xe ln b mt bn:

Chiu rng (phng ngang cu):
i vi bn kiu dm : b tS = 510 + 200 = 710 (mm)
i vi bn hng: b tsk = 510 + 225 = 735 (mm)
Chiu di (dc cu):
i vi bn kiu dm : l tS = 361,59 + 200 = 561,59 (mm)
i vi bn hng: l tsk = 361,59 + 225 = 586,59 (mm)
Ti trng b nh xe quy v 1 bng ti chiu di (b tS) theo phng ngang cu c
cng phn b cho 1m b rng bn:
P
1m , trong E l chiu
2(b t s ) E
rng lm vic ca bn c tnh c th ty tng trng hp

+Eh = 1140 0,833X , vi X: l khong c ch t tim b nh xe n tim dm bin.
+E+=660 + 0,55S (mm).
Trang: 42
+E-= 1220 + 0,25S (mm).

vi S l khong c ch gia 2 tim dm ch.
Do ngi i.
Chiu rng l ngi i 1,0 m. Ti trng ngi i P = 3,2 kN/m2. c tp trung do
ti trng ngi i t ti tim l ngi i:
PL = 3,2 1 1,0 = 3,2 kN.
X c nh ni lc trong bn mt cu.
Nhn x t: gi a l khong c ch gia 2 dm ngang,
Lb l khong c ch gia 2 dm ch, b = 2,3 (m).
X t t s:
= 8,375 (m).
La
8,375
=
= 3,64 > 1,5 => l bn kiu dm, lm vic theo phng
Lb
2,3
ngang.
i vi bn ca cu dm c th phn tch nh di bn lin tc k trn c c dm ch.
V nguyn tc phi tnh bn k trn c c gi cng nh 1 dm lin tc nhng v cha
s dng c tin hc ng dng nn tnh to n theo phng ph p gn ng:
Ta c hai s tnh: phn c nh hng dm bin c tnh theo s cng son,
c c bn mt cu pha trong s dng s bn ngm ti hai sn dm ch vi
ng li phn tch gn ng nh s bn gin n k 2 cnh c tnh nh dm
gin n sau x t h s iu chnh cho ngm.
3.1.X c nh ni lc trong bn kiu dm:
X c nh mmen:
Tr s m men ti mt ct gia nhp v ti gi ca bn 2 u ngm x c nh theo
cng thc sau:
MS/2 = kS/2 M S0(/ E2
Mg = kg M S0(/ E2
Trong :
+ MS/2 - mmen ti gia nhp ca s thc 2 u ngm.
+ Mg - mmen ti gi ca s thc 2 u ngm.
+ kS/2 - h s iu chnh cho ngm.
+ kg - h s iu chnh cho ngm .
Ta so s nh t s
tS
1
v x c nh kS/2 v k g , trong d l chiu cao dm ch.
d
4
tS
1
20
=
= 0,118 < => kS/2 =
d
170
4
0,5 v k g = -0,8
+ M S0 / 2 - m men ti gia nhp ca s n gin.
Trang: 43
E+ - chiu rng lm vic ca bn ng vi v tr c mmen dng.

E+ = 660
0,55.S = 660 0,55 2300 = 1925 mm. ( S l khong c ch gia 2 dm

ch). ng vi trng hp ny th:
LL+ =
P
145
= 53,05.10-6 (kN/mm2) = 53,05
=
2 (b tS ) E
2 (510 200 ) 1925
(kN/m2).
E- - chiu rng lm vic ca bn ng vi v tr c mmen m.
E- = 1220
0,25S = 1220 0,25 2300 = 1795 mm. ( S l khong c ch gia 2

dm ch). ng vi trng hp ny th:
LL- =
p
145
=
= 56,89.10-6 (kN/mm2) = 56,89
2 (510 200 ) 1795

2 (b t S ) E
(kN/m2).
X t 2 trng hp:
-Trng hp 1: ch 1 b nh xe t vo v tr bt li nht trn ng nh hng m
men ti gia nhp.
710
LL
0,398
0,575
0,398
DW
DC1
dah M0S/2
2300
Ta c: + - h s iu chnh ti trng. D R I 0,95. Chn = 1.
+ LL - h s ti trng. Vi trng th i cng 1 th LL = 1,75.
+ IM lc xung kch, Vi trng th i cng 1 th IM = 25%.
+ LL= 0,345(m2)
+ = 0,661 (m2)
+ LL+ = 53,05 (kN/m2).
+ LL- = 56,89 (kN/m2).
-Moomen tnh theo E+:
Trng th i gii hn s dng:
(E )
= (DC1
M S1SD
/2
DW)
LL+ LL(1+IM)
Trang: 44
= (5+2,565)0,661 + 53,050,3451,25 = 27,878 (KN.m)

Trng th i gii hn cng I:
1( E )
= DC DC 1 DW DW LL LL LL (1 IM )
M S1C
/2
= 1[(1,255 +1,52,565)0,661 +1,7553,050,3451,25]

= 46,711 (KN.m)
-Moomen tnh theo E-:
(E )
= (DC1
M S1SD
/2
LL LL(1+IM)
DW)
= (5+2,565)0,661 + 56,890,3451,25 = 29,534 (KN.m)

1( E )
M S1C
/2
= 1[(1,255 +1,52,565)0,661 +1,7556,890,3451,25]

= 49,609 (KN.m)
Trng hp 2 : 2 b nh xe ca 2 chic xe ti thit k t c ch nhau 1,2 m. T hp 2
trng hp ny tm ra trng hp bt li tnh to n ct th p.
S tnh:
710
710
1200
LL
LL
0,098
0,453
0,575
0,453
0,098
DW
DC1
dah M0S/2
2300
Ta c: + - h s iu chnh ti trng. D R I 0,95. Chn = 1.
+ LL - h s ti trng. Vi trng th i cng 1 th LL = 1,75.
+ IM lc xung kch, Vi trng th i cng 1 th IM = 25%.
+ = 0,661(m2)
+ LL= 0,391(m2)
+ LL+ = 53,05 (kN/m2).
+ LL = 56,89 (kN/m2).
Trang: 45
-Moomen tnh theo E+:

(E )
= (DC1
M S2 SD
/2
DW)
LL+ LL(1+IM)
= (5+2,565)0,661 + 53,050,3911,25 = 30,929 (KN.m)

1( E )
M S2C
/2
= 1[(1,255 +1,52,565)0,661 +1,7553,050,3911,25]

= 52,049 (KN.m).
-Moomen tnh theo E-:
(E )
= (DC1
M S2 SD
/2
DW)
LL LL(1+IM)
= (5+2,565)0,661 + 56,890,3911,25 = 32,805 (KN.m)

1( E )
M S2C
/2
= 1[(1,255 +1,52,565)0,661 +1,7556,890,3911,25]

= 55,333 (KN.m)
T hp Mmen theo s thc:
-Mmen ti gia dm c x c nh theo cng thc:
SD ( E )
)
= KS/2 M S / 2
M S0(/ SD
2
(E )
(E )
V: M S1SD
= 27,878 (KN.m) < M S2 SD
= 30,929 (KN.m)
/2
/2
M SSD/ 2( E ) = 30,929 (KN.m).
)
2 SD ( E )
Vy: M S0(/ SD
= 0,530,929 = 15,465 (KN.m).
2 = KS/2 M S / 2
-Mmen ti gi m c x c nh theo cng thc:

SD ( E )
M g0( SD) = kg M S / 2
(E )
(E )
V: M S1SD
= 29,534 (KN.m) < M S2 SD
= 32,805 (KN.m)
/2
/2
M SSD/ 2( E ) = 32,805 (KN.m).
(E )
Vy: M g0( SD) = kg M S2 SD
= -0,832,805 = -26,244 (KN.m).
/2

-Mmen ti gia dm c x c nh theo cng thc:
C1( E )
1)
= kS/2 M S / 2
M S0 (/C
2
1( E )
1( E )
V: M S1C
= 46,711 (KN.m) < M S2C
= 52,049 (KN.m)
/2
/2
M SC/ 21( E ) = 52,049 (KN.m).

Trang: 46
1( E )
1)
Vy: M S0 (/C
= kS/2 M S2C
= 0,552,049 = 26,025 (KN.m).
/2
2
-Mmen ti gi m c x c nh theo cng thc:

C1( E )
M g0(C1) = kg M S / 2
1( E )
1( E )
V: M S1C
= 49,609 (KN.m) < M S2C
= 55,333 (KN.m)
/2
/2
M SC/ 21( E ) = 55,333 (KN.m).
1( E )
Vy: M g0(C1) = kg M S2C
= -0,855,333 = -44,266 (KN.m).
/2
X c nh lc ct:
Tr s lc ct ln nht s ngm (ti ngm) bng tr s lc ct ln nht s
n gin (ti gi), vi s dm n gin th lc ct ln nht l ti gi. Do vy ta
v ng nh hng lc ct ti gi ri cht ti sao cho v tr bt l nht. i vi
hot ti th 2 b nh ca 2 xe ti thit k t c ch nhau 1,2 m l gy ra lc ct ln
nht.
710
710
1200
LL
LL
0.478
0.169
0.691
DW
DC1
dah V0S/2
2300

Ta c: Vg0(C1) = (DC1 +DW)
Trong :
LL LL
= 1,15 (m2).
1
2
2
+ LL = 1LL + LL
= 0,71[ (1+0,691) +
1
(0,478+0,169)] = 0,83 (m2)
2
Vg0(C1) = (5+2,565)1,15 +56,890,83 = 55,918 (KN).

Ta c: Vg0(C1) = [( DC DC1 DW DW) LL (1 IM ) LL LL ]
Trong :
Trang: 47
+ - h s iu chnh ti trng. D R I 0,95. Chn = 1.

+ LL , DC , DW - c c h s ti trng.
Vi trng th i cng 1 th LL = 1,75, DC = 1,25, DW = 1,5.
+ IM - lc xung kch, Vi trng th i cng 1 th IM = 25%.
+ LL- = 56,89 (kN/m2).
2
+ LL = 1LL + LL
= 0,71[ (1+0,691) +
1
2
1
(0,478+0,169)] = 0,83 (m2)
2
=> Vg0(C1) =1[(1,255+1,52,565)1,15+1,75(1+0,25)56,890,83]

= 114,903 (KN).
X c nh ni lc trong bn hng:
X c nh mmen:
Bn hng c tnh theo s dm cngxon nn m men ln nht l ti ngm. Ti
trng bao gm:
Tnh ti bao gm trng lng bn mt cu, trng lng lp ph, trng lng lan
can ro chn.
Hot ti gm ti trng ngi i, ti trng xe ti thit k t c ch m p lan can t
nht l 0,3 m (v b tr vch sn phn ln nn xe c th chy vo phn ngi i khi
khng c ngi).
-Ti trng b nh xe quy v 1 bng ti chiu di (b tsk) theo phng ngang cu c
cng phn b cho 1m b rng bn:
LL =
P
2 (b t sk ) E hang
Trong :
+ E hang l chiu rng lm vic ca bn c tnh trong trng hp bn hng.
E hang = 1140 + 0,833.X
Trang: 48
a=0,5
0,3
b+tsk
LL
plc
DW
DC2
0,9
1,15
Vi X l khong c ch t tim b nh xe ti tim dm bin.

X = Sk a 0,3 = 1,150,50,3 = 0,35 (m)
=> E hang = 1140 + 0,833 350 = 1431,55 (mm).
Do vy:
145
= 68,882 (kN/m2).
2 (0,51 0,225) 1,432
T ta tnh c mmen ti ngm:

Theo trng th i gii hn s dng:
S . Dung
l
l
M hang
= DC2 1 Plc l 2 DW 3 1 IM LL l 4
1,152
0,652
= 5,625
10,739 0,9 2,565
1 0,25 68,882 0,257
2
2
= 36,055 (KN.m)
Theo trng th i gii hn cng I:
C1
= DC DC2
M hang
l2
l12
Dlc Dlc l 2 DW DW 3 LL 1 IM LL l 4
2
2
Trang: 49
1,152
0,652
1 1,25 5,625
1,25 10,739 0,9 1,5 2,565
1,75 1,25 68,882 0,257
2
2
= 56,297 (kN.m).
X c nh lc ct:
Tr s lc ct ln nht ti ngm:
C1
Vhang
DC DC2 Sk LC PLC DW DW (Sk a) LL (1 IM ) (b t sk )
= 1[1,255,6251,15+1,2510,739+1,52,5650,65+1,751,2568,8820,735]
= 134,76 (kN).
S . Dung
Vhang
DC2 Sk PLC DW (S k a) (1 IM ) LL (b t sk )
= [5,6251,15+10,739+2,565(1,15-0,5)+(1+0,25)68,882(0,51+0,225)]
= 82,160 KN.
Bng tng hp ni lc tnh to n bn mt cu:
Ni lc thit k bn mt cu
Mmen
Dng
Hng
Cng 1
26,025
44,266
56,297
S dng
15,465
26,244
36,055
4.Tnh to n ct th p v kim tra bn.

4.1.Tnh to n ct th p cho bn mt cu:
Nhn x t: Ta nhn thy tr s ni lc trong bn hng nh hn trong bn ngm nn
dng ct th p tnh c ca bn ngm b tr cho bn hng.
-Chn cng vt liu: dng btng c cng : f c, = 30 MPa, ct th p thng
c f y = 400 Mpa.
-Chiu cao c hiu ca bn btng khi un dng v m ly kh c nhau v c c lp
bo v trn v di kh c nhau.Theo TC 22TCN272-05,ta c:
p bo v:
Mt cu b tng trn chu hao mn: 60 mm.
y bn b tng ti ch: 25 mm.
Trang: 50
200
25
dm
dduong
60
15 mm
Sc kh ng un ca bn:
Mr= Mn
+ -h s sc kh ng quy nh TCN 5.5.4.2.1, =0,9.
+ Mr- sc kh ng un tnh to n
+ Mn- sc kh ng un danh nh
i vi cu kin chu un khi phn b ng sut gn ng theo hnh ch nht nh
quy nh ca tiu chun thit k cu 22TCN 272 05 th Mn x c nh: (5.7.3.2.2)
a
2
a
2
a
2
a
2
Mn= Aps . f ps .(d p ) As . f y .(d s ) As, . f y, .( d s, ) 0,851. f c, .(b bw ).h f (
hf
2
V khng c ct th p ng sut trc, b=bw v coi As, = 0

Mn= As . f y .(d s -
a
).
2
Trong :
+ As - din tch ct th p chu k o khng ng sut trc (mm2)
+ f y gii hn chy quy nh ca ct th p (Mpa)
+ ds- khong c ch t th n n ngoi cng n trng tm ct th p khng ng sut
trc (mm)
+ As,- din tch ct th p chu n n(mm2)
+ f y, - gii hn chay quy nh ca ct th p chu n n ( Mpa)
+ dp, -khong c ch t th ngoi cng chu n n n trng tm ct th p chu n n
(mm)
+ fc, - Cng chu n n quy nh ca b tng tui 28 ngy (Mpa).
+ b - b rng ca mt chu n n ca cu kin (mm)
+ bw- Chiu dy ca bn bng hoc mt ct trn(mm)
+ 1- h s chuyn i biu ng sut quy nh trong TCN 5.7.2.2
+ h f - Chiu dy c nh chu n n ca cu kin dm I hoc T (mm)
Trang: 51
Ta c : a=c. 1 Chiu dy ca khi ng sut tng ng (mm).

a = c. 1 =
As . f y
0,85. f c, .b
Trng th i gii hn cng 1, ct th p phi b tr sao cho mt ct kh nng

chu lc.
Din tch ct th p ln nht tha mn yu cu:
Theo 22TCN272-05 mc 5.73.3.1:
Theo 22TCN272-05 mc 5.7.2.2 :
a 0,42.1.d
Vi btng fc= 30MPa -> 1 0,85 0,05
30 28
0,836
7
a 0,35.d
-Din tch ct th p nh nht tha mn yu cu:
As
f,
0,03. c
b.d
fy
Vi vt liu cho, din tch ct th p trn 1 n v chiu rng bn l:
0,3 30
mm2
Min As=
.1.d 0,00225.d (
)
400
mm
4.1.1.B tr ct th p chu mmen m ca bn mt cu (cho 1m bn) v kim tra
theo TTGH cng 1
Khng x t n ct th p chu n n
Mmen tnh to n cho momen m ca bn mt cu
Mu= -44,266 (kN.m).
C ch thc hin : chn trc s thanh th p ri kim tra cng .
Chn 7 thanh th p 14, din tch mi thanh l 154 mm2.
-Din tch ct th p As 7154 = 1078 (mm2)
Theo 22TCN272-05 mc 5.73.3.1:
ds = ts 60
do
= 200 - 60 - 7= 133 (mm)
2
1 = 0,85 - 0,05
a = c. 1 =
Ta c:
=
As . f y
'
c
0,85. f .b
30 28
= 0,836 > 0,65
7
As . f y
0,85. f c, .b
1078 400
=16,91(mm)
0,85 30 100
16 ,91
20,23(mm).
0,836
Trang: 52
a
M n As f y (d s ) = 1078400(133- 16,91 )10-6 = 53,704 (kNm).
2
2
M r M n = 0,953,704 = 48,334 (kNm) > Mu = 44,266 (kNm). t
Vy tho mn v mt cng .
. Kim tra lng th p ti a ( TCN 5.7.3.3.1)
Ct th p ln nht b gii hn bi iu kin :
c
0,42
de
Ta c: de = dp = 132 mm( do coi Asp=0 , TCN 5.7.3.3.1-2)

Vi :c- khong c ch t th chu n n ngoi cng n trc trung ho, c=20,23 mm.
c 20 ,23
=0,153 < 0,42 (tho mn).

de
132
Vy mt ct tho mn v hm lng th p ti a.
Kim tra lng th p ti thiu ( TCN 5.7.3.3.1)
Phi tho mn iu kin : min
Trong :
As
f'
0, 03. c
bd
fy
min t l gia th p chu k o v din tch nguyn.
+ min
1078
= 0,00539
1000 200
+ 0, 03.
f 'c
30
= 0, 03.
=0,00225
fy
400
vy min 0, 03.
f 'c
fy
Vy mt ct tho mn v hm lng th p ti thiu.

C ly ti a ca c c thanh ct th p , theo TCN 5.10.3.2 trong bn c ly ct th p
khng c vt qu 1,5 chiu dy cu kin hoc 450mm.
S max 1,5.200= 300 (mm).
4.1.2.B tr ct th p chu mmen dng ca bn mt cu (cho 1m bn) v kim tra

theo TTGH cng 1:
Khng x t n ct th p chu n n
Mmen tnh to n cho momen dng ca bn mt cu
Mu= 26,025 (kNm)
C ch thc hin : chn trc s thanh th p ri kim tra cng .
Chn 6 thanh th p 12. din tch mi thanh l 113 mm2
-Din tch ct th p: As= 6113 = 678 (mm2).
dp = ts 25 d0/2 = 200-25-6= 169 (mm).
Trang: 53
1 = 0,85 - 0,05
a = c. 1 =
Ta c:
=
As . f y
'
c
0,85. f .b
Suy ra: c
30 28
= 0,836 > 0,65
7
As . f y
0,85. f c, .b
678 400
= 10,64 (mm).
0,85 30 1000
10 ,64
12 ,73 (mm).
0,836
a
10,64
M n As f y (d s ) 678 400 (169
) 10 6 44,39 (kN.m)
2
2
M r M n = 0,944,39 = 39,95 kNm > Mu= 26,025 (kN.m)
Vy tho mn v mt cng .
Kim tra lng th p ti a ( TCN 5.7.3.3.1)
Ct th p ln nht b gii hn bi iu kin :
c
0,42
de
Ta c: de = dp = 169 mm( do coi Asp=0 , TCN 5.7.3.3.1-2)

Vi : c- khong c ch t th chu n n ngoi cng n trc trung ho, c=12,73 mm.
c 12 ,73
0,075 < 0,42 (tho mn).

de
169
Vy mt ct tho mn v hm lng th p ti a.
Kim tra lng th p ti thiu ( TCN 5.7.3.3.1)
Phi tho mn iu kin : min
Trong :
As
f'
0, 03. c
bd
fy
min t l gia th p chu k o v din tch nguyn.
+ min
678
0,00339
1000 200
+ 0, 03.
f 'c
30
= 0, 03.
=0,00225
fy
400
vy min 0, 03.
f 'c
fy
Vy mt ct tho mn v hm lng th p ti thiu.

C ly ti a ca c c thanh ct th p , theo TCN 5.10.3.2 trong bn c ly ct th p
khng c vt qu 1,5 chiu dy cu kin hoc 450mm.
S max 1,5.200= 300mm
4.1.3. B tr ct th p phn b:
Trang: 54
Ct th p ph theo chiu dc c t di y bn phn b ti trng b nh xe

dc cu n ct th p chu lc theo phng ngang. Din tch yu cu tnh theo phn
trm ct th p chnh chu m men dng. i vi ct th p chnh t vung gc vi
hng xe chy.
S phn trm =
3840
67%.
Sc
Trong : Sc l chiu di c hiu ca nhp. i vi dm I b n lp gh p, Sc l

khong c ch gia hai mt v ch, ngha l Sc = 2300 600 = 1700 mm, v:
S phn trm =
3840
= 93 % dng 67%.
1700
B tr As = 0,67 (dng As) = 0,67 0,678 = 0,45 (mm2/mm).

i vi ct th p dc bn di dng 610, S=200 mm cho As = 0,474 (mm2/mm).
4.1.4. B tr ct th p co ngt v nhit :
- ng ct th p ti thiu cho mi phng s l:
As 0,75
Ag
fy
Trong : Ag - din tch tit din nguyn trn chiu dy ton phn 200 mm:
=> As 0,75
200 1
= 0,375 mm2/mm.
400
Ct th p chnh v ph u c chn ln hn tr s ny, tuy nhin i vi bn dy

hn 150 mm ct th p chng co ngt v nhit phi c b tr u nhau trn c
hai mt. Khong c ch ln nht ca ct th p ny l 3 ln chiu dy bn hoc 450
mm.
Chn 610, S=200 mm cho As = 0,474 (mm2/mm).tha mn c c iu kin trn.
5.Kim tra bn mt cu theo TTGH s dng :
Theo TCN 5.5.2 c c vn phi kim tra theo TTGH s dng l nt, bin dng v
ng sut trong b tng.
Do nhp ca bn nh v khng c th p ST nn cn kim tra nt theo TCN
5.7.3.4. C c cu kin phi c cu to sao cho ng sut k o trong ct th p
TTGHSD fsa khng c vt qu :
f s f sa
de . A
1/3
0, 6 f y
Trong :
Trang: 55
+dc -l chiu cao phn b tng tnh t th ngoi cng chu k o cho n tm ca
thanh th p gn nht, nhm mc ch tnh to n phi ly chiu dy tnh ca lp b
tng bo v, dc 50 (mm).
Z thng s b rng vt nt (N/mm) , ly Z= 23000N/mm cho c c cu kin trong
mi trng khc nghit v khi thit k theo phng ngang.
+fsa- ng sut k o trong b tng TTGHSD.
+A -din tch phn b tng c cng trng tm vi ct th p ch chu k o v c
bao bi c c mt ct ca MCN v ng thng song song vi trc trung ho, chia
cho s lng c c thanh th p.(mm2)
Dng trng th i gii hn s dng x t vt nt ca b tng ct th p thng. Trong
trng th i gii hn s dng h s thay i ti trng h = 1 v h s ti trng cho tnh
ti v hot ti l 1. Do m men dng tnh ng sut k o trong ct th p l:
M = MDC + MDW + 1,33 MLL.
-Vic tnh ng sut k o trong ct th p do ti trng s dng da trn c trng tit
din nt chuyn sang n hi. Dng t s mdun n hi n =
Es
chuyn ct
Ec
th p sang b tng tng ng. Mdun n hi E, ca th p l 200000 Mpa .

Mdun n hi ca b tng Ec c cho bi :
Ec = 0, 043 c1,5
f c,
Trong c - t trng ca b tng , c = 2500 kg/m3

f c, = 30 Mpa.
Do : Ec = 0, 043 25001,5 30 = 29000 Mpa.

V : n =
200000
= 6,9 => n = 7.
29000
5.1.Kim tra nt i vi mmen dng.

-Mmen dng ln nht ng vi trng th i gii hn s dng :
MSD=15,465 (KN.m)
-Tnh c c c trng tit din chuyn i cho mt ct rng 1 mm c hai lp ct th p
nh hnh v di. V lp bo v tng i dy, ct th p pha trn gi thit nm
pha chu k o ca trc trung ha.
Dng thp 12 mm c Ab =113 (mm2).
+dduong =200-25- 12/2 =169 (mm).
+ dm =200-60-12/2 =134 (mm).
Trang: 56
200
169
66
A's
31
As
Tng m men tnh i vi trc trung ha ta c:

0,5bx 2 = nAs, (d , - x) + nAs (d - x)
0,51x2 = 71,078(66-x) + 70,678(169 - x)

x2 + 24,584X 2600,22 = 0
Gii c x = 40,161 mm, nh hn 66 mm, vy gi thit ng. M men qu n tnh
ca tit din nt chuyn i l:
bx3
Icr =
+ nAs, (d , - x) 2 + nAs (d - x) 2
3
1 (40 ,161 ) 3
7 1,078 (66 40 ,161 ) 2 7 0,678 (169 40 ,161 ) 2
=
3
= 105411,258 (mm2/mm).
V ng sut k o ca ct th p di bng:
M
15465 (169 40 ,161 )
= 132,315 MPa.
fs n y = 7
105411 ,258
I cr
-Ct th p chu k o cho m men dng dng 6 thanh 12 c ch nhau 200 mm, t
c ch th chu k o xa nht 31 mm.
Do :
dc = 31 mm 50 mm.
A = 231200 = 12400 (mm2).
V : fsa=
23000
= 316,325 MPa > 0,6 f y = 0,6400 = 240 Mpa.
31 12400 1/ 3
Do dng : f sa = 0,6 f y = 240 Mpa > f s = 132,315 Mpa => t.

5.2.Kim tra nt i vi mmen m.
M men m ln nht trng th i gii hn s dng ti ngm l:
MSD = -26,244 (KN.m)
Trang: 57
Tit din ngang chu m men m th hin trn hnh di c ct chu n n y

bn. n ny x gi thit ln hn d , = 31 mm, nh vy ct th p y bn s chu
nn.
200
66
A's
31
134
As
Cn bng m men tnh i vi trc trung ha ta c :

0, 5bx 2 + (n - 1) As, ( x - d , ) = nAs (d - x)
0,51X2 +(7-1)1,078( X-31) = 70,678(134- X)

X2 + 122,428X 1672,944 = 0.
Gii c x = 31,197 mm, ln hn 31 mm do gi thit ng. Mmen qu n tnh
ca tit din chuyn i nt thnh:
Icr =
1
131,1972 +(7-1)1(31,197-31)2 +71(134-31,197)2 = 84100,29
3
mm2/mm.
V ng sut k o ca ct th p chu k o bn trn l:
f s = 7
26244 (134 31,197 )

= 224,56 Mpa.
84100 ,29
i vi ct th p chu k o cho m men m, dng 7 thanh 14 c ch nhau 167 mm

t c ch mt chu k o xa nht 66 mm.
Do : dc = 66 mm > 50 mm, nn ly dc = 50 mm.
A = 250175 = 17500 mm2
fsa=
23000
= 240,5 Mpa > 0,6fy
(50 17500 )1 / 3
Dng f sa = 0,6fy = 240 Mpa > fs = 224,56 Mpa, => t.
Trang: 58
CHNG II
THIT K DM CH TRONG BTCT ST CH I
= 33,5 (M) BNG PHNG PHP CNG TRC
I.S IU THIT K:
C c thng s thit k
Chiu di ton dm : Lnhp = 33,5 (m).
Khong c ch u dm n tim gi: a = 0,4 (m).
Khu i tnh to n : L = Lnhp 2a = 33,5 2 0,4 = 32,7 (m).
Ti trng thit k : Hot ti H 93
Ti trng ngi i : 3,2 (kN/m2).
Mt xe chy : B1 = 8,0 (m).
Dng kt cu nhp : Cu dm nhp gin n.
Dng mt ct : Ch I.
Vt liu kt cu : Btng ct th p ng sut trc.
Cng ngh ch to : Cng trc.
Cp btng dm ch : f c' = 45 Mpa.
T trng btng : c = 2500 (kg/m3).
Trang: 59
oi ct th p ng sut trc : tao th p Tao 75 si xon ng knh : Dps= 12,7

(mm).
Cng chu k o tiu chun : f pu = 1860 Mpa.
Th p thng : G60 c f u = 620 Mpa, f y = 420 Mpa.
Quy trnh thit k : 22TCN 272 05.
Mduyn n hi ca th p : Ep = 197000 Mpa ( TCN 5.4.4.1/148).
Gii hn ng sut cho ct th p cng cao:
fpy = 0,9fpu = 0,9.1860 = 1674 Mpa
sau khi truyn lc :
fpf = 0,74fpu = 0,74.1860 = 1376 Mpa
sau mt mt :
fpc = 0,8fpy = 0,8.1674 = 1339 Mpa
1.2.B tr mt ct ngang cu.
-Tng chiu di ton dm l 33,5m, 2 u dm k ln gi mi bn l 0,4 (m) ;
chiu di nhp tnh to n l 32,7 (m).
-Cu gm 5 dm ch I , ch to bng BT c fc = 45 Mpa.
p ph mt cu dy 7,4 (m).
Chn mt ct ngang dm ch : nh chn trong phn s b.
Chiu rng bn c nh c hiu (TCN 4.6.2.6.1):
Chiu di nhp c hiu = 32700 (mm).
1.3. a chn c c thng s:
1.3.1. H s sc kh ng :
Trng th i gii hn cng : ( TCN 5.5.4.2.1)
un v k o : 1,00
ct v xon : 0,90
n n ti neo : 0,80
-Trng th i gii hn kh c
: 1,00
1.3.2. C c H s cho tnh ti:

oi ti trng
TTGH cng 1
TTGH s dng
DC
1,25/0,9
DW
1,5/0,65
II. TNH TON NI C DM CH DO TNH TI.

Ti trng t c dng ln dm ch gm :
-Tnh ti : DC ( DC1,DC2,DC3 ) v DW
Trang: 60
Trong :- DC1: Khi lng dm ch

DC2: Khi lng BMC
dm ngang
DC3: Khi lng lan can-tay vn ro chn b nh xe.

Hot ti : H 93, P .
Gi thit tnh ti phn b u cho mi dm ch.
2.1.C c tnh ti t c dng ln dm ang thit k( dm trong ) l:
Ti trng bn thn dm ch DC1:
V dam 2,5 10 22 ,972 2,5 10
17 ,143 (KN/m).
DC 1dc=
33,5
33,5
Ti trng do dm ngang DC2dn :

DC2dn =
V dn 2,5 10 10 ,898 2,5 10
=1,666 (KN/m).
5 32 ,7
5 32 ,7
Ti trng do bn mt cu DC2bmc :
DC2bmc =
61,77
=12,354 (KN/m).
5
Ti trng do lan can tay vn DC3lctv+gc

DC3lctv+gc=
10,739
2,148 (KN/m)
5
Ti trng ca lp ph DW :
DW =
26,933
= 5,387 (kN/m).
5
Bng tng hp
DC1
17,143
kN/m
DC2
14,02
kN/m
DC3
2,148
kN/m
DW
5,387
kN/m
2.2.X c nh ni lc dm ch:
Tnh to n dm ch ti 5 mt ct :
mt ct ti /2 nhp: x= 16,35 (m).
3 /4 nhp: x=24,525 (m)
/4 nhp: x= 8,175 (m)
/8 nhp: x= 4,0875 (m)
+ mt ct ti gi.
Trang: 61
Phng ph p x c nh ni lc: V ng nh hng cho c c mt ct ri xp tnh

ti ri u ln ng nh hng. Ni lc do tnh ti gy ra x c nh theo c c cng
thc sau:
+Mmen : Mu = . p . .g
c ct : Vu = .g ( p . ) vi mc ch l to ra hiu ng ti ln nht
Trong :
g : ti trng ri u
p : h s ti trng
= - : din tch ng nh hng mmen ti mt ct ang x t

: din tch ng nh hng lc ct dng ti mt ct ang x t
: din tch ng nh hng lc ct m ti mt ct ang x t
: h s iu chnh ti trng, lin quan n tnh d o, tnh d v tm quan trng

khi khai th c x c nh theo 22TCN272-07 mc 1.3.2 c x c nh theo cng
thc.
D . R . I
Vi : D : h s d o.
D = 1 : i vi c c b phn v lin kt thng thng.
R : h s d tha.
R = 1 : i vi mc d tha thng thng.
I : h s quan trng.
I = 1 : i vi cu thit k l quan trng.
H s iu chnh ti trng : D . R . I = 1
Mmen
Mt ct /2 :
ng nh hng mmen mt ct /2 nhp:
Trang: 62
16,35
DW
DC
dah ML/2
? =133,66
8,175
32,7
Theo trng th i gii hn cng 1:

1
MCD
L /2 .
DC .(DC1+DC2+DC3) DW .DW .
=1[1,25(17,143+14,02+2,148) +1,55,387]133,66 = 6645,475 (KN.m)

-Theo trng th i gii hn s dng:
MSD
L /2
DC1+DC2+DC3+DW .
= (17,143+14,02+2,148+5,387)133,66 = 5172,375 (KN.m)

Tnh to n hon ton tng t mt ct gia nhp ta c kt qu ca c c mt ct nh
bng sau :
V tr
Yi
DC
DW
DC
DW
Msd(TT)
Mcd1(TT)
L/2
8,175
33,311
5,387
1,25
1,5
133,66
5172,375
6645,475
3L/8
7,664
33,311
5,387
1,25
1,5
125,31
4849,246
6230,320
L/4
6,131
33,311
5,387
1,25
1,5
100,24
3879,088
4983,858
L/8
3,577
33,311
5,387
1,25
1,5
58,48
2263,06
2907,582
2m
1,878
33,311
5,387
1,25
1,5
30,705
1188,222
1526,630
c ct
Mt ct 3 /8 :
Ta c:
+ =6,3875
- = 2,2988
= 6,3875-2,2988 = 4,0887
Trang: 63
DW
DC
w- =2,2988
0,375
dah V3L/8
0,625
w+ =6,3875
12,26
32,7
ah lc ct ti mt ct 3 /8 nhp
-Theo trng th i gii hn cng 1:
V3cdL/81 . DC DC DW DW .
= 1(1,2533,311 +1,55,387)4,0887 = 203,287 (KN).

Theo trng th i gii hn s dng
V3sL.dung
/ 8 DC DW
= (33,311+5,387)4,0887 = 158,225 (KN).

Tnh to n tng t vi c c mt ct kh c ta c bng kt qu nh sau:
yip
V
Tr
yitr
DC
D
W
DC
D
W
1
,
4,08
4,087
0,
0,
33,
5,3
1,
2
L/2
311
87
75
3L/
8
0,
37
5
0,
62
5
5,3
87
1,
2
5
1
,
5
2,29
88
6,387
5
5,3
87
1,
2
5
1
,
5
1,02
19
9,196
9
L/4
0,
25
0,
75
33,
311
33,
311
Vsd(K
N)
VCD1(
kN)
158,2
25
203,2
87
316,3
56
406,4
55
Trang: 64
L/8
G
i
0,
0,
12
87
33,
311
33,
311

1,
5,3
0,25
12,51
87
55
80
1,
2
5
,
5
5,3
87
16,35
474,5
609,6
34
82
632,7
12
812,9
10
III.NI C DM CH DO HOT TI:

3.1. X c nh h s phn b ngang ca H 93:
3.1.1Tnh to n h s phn b hot ti theo ln : (22TCN272-05 mc 4.6.2.2)
Chiu cao dm H=1700 mm; khong c ch dm S=2300mm, chiu di nhp
L= 33500mm
-H s ln :
S ln thit k : n =
B1
8
=
= [2,3]=2(ln).
3, 5
3,5
H s ln : vi n = 2 (ln) ta c h s ln m = 1.
3.1.2. H s phn b hot ti theo ln i vi mmen un :
C c s liu u tho iu kin ca TCN272-05, nn ta p dng cng thc ca
ASSHTO v phng ph p n by x c nh:
Trng hp 1ln cht ti: Dng phng ph p n by x c nh h s phn b
ngang.
-H s phn b ngang cho momen
mg
M (1lan )
LL
S
0,06
4300
0, 4
S

L
0,3
kg

3
L tS
0 ,1
Vi: S : khong c ch gia c c dm ch (mm)

+ : chiu di dm ch (mm)
+ts : chiu dy bn mt cu (mm)
Hai hoc nhiu ln cht ti :
mg
M ( 2 lan )
LL
0, 075
2900
mm
0,6
S

L
0,2
K
g3
L.ts
0,1
Vi : +Kg :tham s cng

K g n. I A.eg2
Trong :
Trang: 65
+n -T l mdun gia dm v bn mt cu : n =
EB Edam
=
ED Ebmc
Cng chu n n ca btng lm dm : f c'1 = 45 Mpa.

M dun n hi ca dm : Edam = 0, 043.( c )1,5 . fc'1
= 0, 043 25001,5 45 = 36056,59 Mpa.
Cng chu n n ca b tng lm bn mt cu : f c'2 = 30 Mpa.
M dun n hi ca bn mt cu :
Ebmc = 0,043.( c )1,5 . fc'2

1,5
= 0, 043 2500 30 = 29440,09 Mpa.
n=
36056,59
= 1,225.
29440, 09
Khong c ch gia trng tm ca dm v ca bn mt cu :

eg = (d - ydI ) +
ts
2
Trong : d chiu cao dm ch quy i, d = 1700 mm.

ts - chiu dy bn mt cu, ts = 200 (mm).
y dI - khong c ch t y dm n trng tm ca dm.
Ta cn x c nh c c kch thc trong mt ct ngang ca dm ch chuyn i :

X c nh be :
S 1150(mm)
be = min 12 t S max( 1 , bS )
2
L 32700
4 4 8175(mm)
Vy: be = 1150(mm).
Trang: 66
800
600
800
1700
200
316,70
250
200
869,90
200
600
1158,30
120 120
80
1700
225
100
100
600
-X c nh h2 (d2) :
d2 =
Fs 600 80 800 120 300 120
225(mm) 22.5(cm)
b2
800
-X c nh h1 (d1):
d1 =
Fb 600 x 250 200 x 200
316, 7(mm) 31, 67(cm)

b1
600
+ y dI c tnh nh sau :
-M men tnh ca mt ct ngang dm i vi trc x x :
Qx-x= 8022,5(170-
22,5
115,83
31,67
)+20115,83(31,67+
)+6031,67
2
2
2
= 523372,278 (cm3).
Din tch mt ct ngang dm ch :
A = 8022,5 + 115,83 20 + 6031,67 = 6016,8 (cm2).
=> ydI =
Qx- x
523372 ,278
=
= 86,99 (cm).
A
6016 ,8
Do vy: eg = (1700-869,9)+
200
= 930,1 (mm)= 93,01 (cm).
2
Mmen qu n tnh ca dm :
II-I=
2
80 22,53
22,5 20 115 ,83 3
+8022,5 83,01
+20115,83
+
12
2
2
115,83
86,99
Trang: 67
60 31, 673
31,67
+
+6031,67 86,99
12
2
= 36623419,49 (cm4) = 3,66.1011 (mm4).

4
2
2
2
K g n. I A.eg2 = 1,225(36623419,49 10 +6016,810 93,01 10 )
= 10,86261011 (mm4).
0,1
0 ,1
K
10,8626 1011
= 1,15
Ta c: g3 =
3
33500 200
L.t s
Vy:
Trng hp mt ln cht ti th :
mg
M (1lan )
LL
2300
= 0,06+
4300
0, 4
S
0,06
4300
2300
33500
0, 4
S

L
0,3
kg

3
L tS
0 ,1
0, 3
1,15 = 0,4609
Trng hp hai hay nhiu ln cht ti th :

mg
M ( 2lan )
LL
2300
0,075
2900
0, 6
2300
33500
0, 2
1,15 = 0,6606
Chn gi tr cc i lm h s phn b mmen thit k ca dm gia.

M
M (1lan )
M ( 2 lan )
mg LL
= max(mg LL
; mg LL
) = max (0,4609 ; 0,6606) = 0,6606
3.1.3.H s phn b hot ti theo ln i vi lc ct :

mg VLL max(mg VLL(1lan ) ; mg VLL( 2lan ) )
Ta c:
Trng hp 1ln cht ti:

S
mg VLL(1lan ) 0,36
7600
2300
= 0,6626
7600
= 0,36 +
Trng hp 2ln cht ti:

S S
mgVLL(2lan ) 0, 2
3600 10700
mg
V ( 2lan )
LL
2300 2300
0, 2
0,7927
3600 10700
Vy h s phn b ngang cho lc ct :

mg VLL max(mg VLL(1lan ) ; mg VLL( 2lan ) ) = max(0,6626 ; 0,7927) = 0,7927
3.1.4.X c nh h s ngang do hot ti on ngi gy ra.

Trang: 68
H s phn b ngang ca hot ti on ngi c x c nh theo cng thc:

gPL =
T 2T
Nb
Nb
Vi: T: b rng l ngi i, T= 1,0 (m)

+Nb: S dm ch, Nb= 5
gPL=
2.T 2.1
0, 4
n
5
3.2 X c nh Mmen do hot ti gy ra

Mmen ti c c tit din do hot ti gy ra c tnh nh sau:
-Theo trng th i gii hn s dng
m
M(SD
LL PL ) mg LL .(1 IM ) pi . yi 9,3..mg LL g PL .PL.

1
m
M(C
LL PL ) ( LL .mgLL .(1 IM ) pi . yi LL .9,3..mg LL PL .g PL .PL.
Trong :
+ Pi . yi max( Pi . yi ( xe3truc); Pi . yi ( xe2truc))
+ Pi - trng lng c c trc xe
+ yi - tung ng nh hng
+ - din tch ng nh hng.
(1
IM): h s xung kch.
M
M
+ mg LL
, g PL
:h s phn b ti trng i vi mmen.
ng nh hng mmen ti mt ct gia nhp :

110kN
1.2
4.3
110kN
4.3
145kN
35kN
145kN
6,025
7,575
8,175
6,025
PL (kN/m)
9.3 kN/m
dah ML/2
16,35
32,7
Hnh 3.2.1 :ah mmen mt ct /2

Bng tnh mmen do ti trng trc t c dng ln tit din /2 ca dm thit k:
Trang: 69
Ti trng
oi xe
trc
yi
Pi.yi
Pi.yi
maxPi.yi
(m)
(m)
kN
(m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
145
8,175
1185,375
145
6,025
873,625
35
6,025
210,875
xe 2
110
8,175
889,25
trc
110
7,575
833,25
xe 3
trc
32,7
16,35
2269,875
2269,875
1772,5
ng nh hng mmen ti mt ct 3 /8 nhp :
1.2
110kN
4.3
4.3
35kN
145kN
7,664
7,214
6,052
145kN
PL (kN/m)
9.3 kN/m
dah M3L/8
4,439
110kN
12,2625
32,7
Hnh 3.2.2 :ah mmen mt ct 3 /8

Bng tnh mmen do ti trng trc t c dng ln tit din 3 /8 ca dm thit k:
oi xe
Ti trng
trc
(m)
(m)
(kN)
(m)
(kN.m)
145
7,664
1111,28
145
6,052
877,54
35
4,439
155,365
110
7,664
843,04
110
7,214
793,54
xe 3
trc
32,7
xe 2
trc
12,2625
yi
Pi.yi
Pi.yi
maxPi.yi
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
2144,185
2144,185
1636,58
Trang: 70
ng nh hng mmen ti mt ct /4 nhp :

110kN
110kN
1.2
4.3
4.3
35kN
145kN
PL (kN/m)
9.3 kN/m
dah ML/4
3.981
6.131
5.831
5.056
145kN
8.175
32.7

oi xe
Ti trng
trc
(m)
(m)
kN
(m)
(kN.m)
145
6,131
888,995
145
5,056
733,12
35
3,981
139,335
110
6,131
674,41
110
5,831
641,41
xe 3 trc
32,7
8,175
xe 2 trc
yi
Pi.yi
Pi.yi
maxPi.yi
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
1761,45
1761,45
1315,82
ng nh hng mmen ti mt ct /8 nhp :

110kN 1.2 110kN
4.3
4.3
35kN
PL (kN/m)
9.3 kN/m
dah ML/8
2,502
3,039
145kN
3,427
3,577
145kN
4,0875
32,7
Trang: 71

oi xe
Ti trng
trc
(m)
(m)
kN
(m)
(kN.m)
145
3,577
518,665
145
3,039
440,655
35
2,502
87,57
110
3,577
393,47
110
3,427
376,97
xe 3 trc
32,7
4,0875
xe 2 trc
yi
Pi.yi
Pi.yi
maxPi.yi
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
1046,89
1046,89
770,44
Bng tng hp tnh to n
(m2)
Msd
(KN.m)
M
(K
1,25
133,66
2866,585
0,6606
1,25
125,31
2700,810
0,4
0,6606
1,25
100,24
2198,657
1,75
0,4
0,6606
1,25
58,48
1298,600
1,75
0,4
0,6606
1,25
30,705
688,086
Pi.yi
KN.m
PL
KN/m2
LL=PL
2269,875
3,2
1,75
2144,185
3,2
1761,45
M
mg LL
1+IM
0,4
0,6606
1,75
0,4
3,2
1,75
1046,89
3,2
557,245
3,2
M
g PL
3.3. c ct do hot ti gy ra:

c ct ti c c tit din do hot ti gy ra c tnh nh sau:
-Theo trng th i gii hn s dng:
VLLSDPL mgVLL .(1 IM ) Pi . yi mgVLL .9,3. g PL .PL.

VLLSDPL ( LL .mgVLL .(1 IM ) Pi . yi LL .mgVLL .9,3. PL .g PL .PL. )
Trong : Pi trng lng c c trc xe

+ yi tung ng nh hng
+ din tch ng nh hng dng ca lc ct.
(1 IM): h s xung kch.
+ mg VLL , g VPL h s phn b hot ti i vi lc ct, mg VLL = 0,7927 ; g VPL = 0,4
Trang: 72
ng nh hng lc ct ti mt ct gia nhp :

110kN 1.2 110kN
4.3
4.3
145kN
35kN
145kN
PL
9.3 kN/m
w+= 4,0875
16,35
dah VL/2
0,237
0,369
0,463
0.5
0.5
w- = 4,0875
32,7
Hnh 3.3.1 :.a.h lc ct ti mt ct gia nhp

Bng tnh lc do ti trc ti t c dng ln tit din /2 ca dm thit k
oi xe
Ti trng
trc
yi
Pi.yi
Pi.yi
maxPi.yi
(m)
(m)
kN
(m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
145
0,5
72,5
145
0,369
53,505
35
0,237
8,295
110
0,5
55
110
0,463
50,93
xe 3
trc
32,7
xe 2
trc
16,35
134,3
134,3
105,93
ng nh hng lc ct ti mt ct gia 3 /8 :
Trang: 73

110kN
110kN
1.2
4.3
4.3
145kN
35kN
145kN
PL
9.3 kN/m
w+= 6,387
12,2625
0,362
dah V3L/8
0,494
0,588
0.625
0.375
w-= 2,299
32,7
Hnh 3.3.2 :.a.h lc ct ti mt ct 3 /8

Bng tnh lc do ti trc ti t c dng ln tit din 3 /8 ca dm thit k
oi
xe
Ti trng
trc
yi
Pi.yi
Pi.yi
maxPi.yi
(m)
(m)
(kN)
(m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
145
0,625
90,625
145
0,494
71,63
35
0,362
12,67
110
0,625
68,75
110
0,588
64,68
xe 3
trc
32,7
12,2625
xe 2
trc
ng nh hng lc ct ti mt ct
110kN
1.2
174,925
133,43
/4 :
110kN
4.3
145kN
4.3
35kN
145kN
PL
9.3 kN/m
w-= 1,022
0,487
0,619
0,713
0,25
0,75
174,925
dah VL/4
w+= 9,197
8,175
32,7
Trang: 74
Hnh 3.3.3 :.a.h lc ct ti mt ct /4

oi xe
Ti trng
trc
yi
Pi.yi
Pi.yi
maxPi.yi
(m)
(m)
kN
(m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
145
0,75
108,75
145
0,619
89,755
35
0,487
17,045
110
0,75
82,5
110
0,713
78,43
xe 3
trc
32,7
8,175
xe 2
trc
ng nh hng lc ct ti mt ct
110kN
1.2
215,55
215,55
160,93
/8 :
110kN
4.3
4.3
145kN
35kN
145kN
dah VL/8
0,612
0,744
0,838
0,875
w-= 0,255
0,125
PL
9.3 kN/m
w+= 12,518
4,0875
32,7
Hnh 3.3.4 :.a.h lc ct ti mt ct /8

oi xe
xe 3
trc
Ti trng
trc
yi
Pi.yi
Pi.yi
maxPi.yi
(m)
(m)
kN
(m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
145
0,875
126,875
145
0,744
107,88
256,175
256,175
32,7
4,0875
Trang: 75
xe 2
trc
35
0,612
21,42
110
0,875
96,25
110
0,838
92,18
188,43
ng nh hng lc ct ti gi :
110kN
1.2
110kN
4.3
4.3
145kN
35kN
145kN
0,869
0,963
0,737
PL
9.3 kN/m
dah Vgoi
w+= 16,35
32,7
Hnh 3.3.6 :.a.h lc ct ti gi

Bng tnh lc do ti trc ti t c dng ln tit din ti gi
oi xe
Ti trng
trc
yi
Pi.yi
Pi.yi
maxPi.yi
(m)
(m)
kN
(m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
(kN.m)
145
145
145
0,869
126,005
35
0,737
25,795
110
110
110
0,963
105,93
xe 3
trc
32,7
xe 2
trc
296,8
296,8
215,93
VLLSDPL ( LL .mgVLL .(1 IM ) Pi . yi LL .mgVLL .9,3. PL .g PL .PL. )
Bng tng hp tnh to n lc ct
P
i.yi
PL
K
PL LL
V
PL
mg
V
LL
1
+
w
(m)
VSD
Vcd 1
( KN )
( KN )
Trang: 76

tr
KN
L
/
2
13
4,3
3
L
/
17
4,9
N/
m2
3,2
1,7
5
3,2
1,7
5
25
21
/
4
5,5
5
L
/
8
25
6,1
75
29
6,8
3,2
3,2
3,2
1,7
5
1,7
5
1,7
5
0
,
4
0,
79
27
1,
2
5
4,
08
75
16
8,4
4
29
4,7
70
0
,
0,
79
1,
2
6,
38
22
8,5
40
0,0
27
90
32
0,
1,
9,
29
51
,
4
79
27
2
5
19
7
3,1
57
3,0
24
0
,
4
0,
79
27
1,
2
5
12
,5
18
36
2,1
45
63
3,7
53
0
,
4
0,
79
27
1,
2
5
16
,3
5
43
5,5
5
76
2,2
19
3.4.T hp ni lc :
-T hp theo TTGH cng I :
1
CD1
+ M kCD1 M kCD
( DC DW ) M k ( LL PL )
1
CD1
+ VkCD1 VkCD
( DC DW ) Vk ( LL PL )
T hp theo TTGH s dng:

+ M kSD M kSD( DC DW ) M kSD( LL PL )
SD
+ VkSD VkSD
( DC DW ) Vk ( LL PL )
Bng t hp ni lc theo TTGH cng I v theo TTGH s dng:

Bng tng hp Momen cui cng
V
tr
mt
ct
Trng th i gii hn s dng

sd
M
(DC+DW)
(KN.m)
Trng th i gii hn cng I
sd
M
(LL+PL)
(KN.m)
sd
M
(KN.m)
Mcd1
(DC+DW)
(KN.m)
Mcd1
(LL+PL)
(KN.m)
Mcd1
(KN.m)
Trang: 77
L/2
5172,375
2866,585
8038,96
6645,475
5016,524
11661,999
3L/8
4849,246
2700,810
7550,056
6230,320
4726,417
10956,737
L/4
3879,088
2198,657
6077,745
4983,858
3847,650
8831,508
L/8
2263,06
1298,600
3561,66
2907,582
2272,550
5180,132
2m
1188,222
688,086
1876,308
1526,630
1204,151
2730,781
Bng tng hp lc ct cui cng

Trng th i gii hn s dng
V
tr
mt
sd
Trng th i gii hn cng I
sd
sd
V
(KN)
Vcd1
Vcd1
(DC+DW)
(KN)
(LL+PL)
(KN)
Vcd1
(KN)
ct
(DC+DW)
(KN)
(LL+PL)
(KN)
L/2
168,44
168,44
294,770
294,770
3L/8
158,225
228,590
386,815
203,287
400,032
603,319
L/4
316,356
293,157
609,513
406,455
513,024
919,479
L/8
474,534
362,145
836,679
609,682
633,753
1243,435
Gi
632,712
435,55
1068,262
812,910
762,219
1575,129
4.TNH V B TR THP D NG C.
4.1. Vt liu dng trong dm ch.
4.1.1. Th p cng cao.
S dng tao th p 12,7 mm. Th p c chng do thp theo tiu chun AASHTO
M203M (ASTM A416M) tao th p d ng lc khng sn ph c kh ng sut cho
b tng d ng lc. Cp 270.
Din tch mt tao Aps1= 98,71 mm2
Cng th p theo quy nh ca th p d ng lc:
fpu =1860 MPa
Gii hn chy ca th p d ng lc:
fpy =0,9 fpu =0,9 1860 =1670 MPa
Mduyn n hi ca th p ng sut trc:
Ep =197000 MPa
S dng th p c chng thp : Tiu chun ASTM A416 cp 270
ng sut trong th p khi kch:
Trang: 78
fpi =0,8 fpu =0,8 1860 =1488 MPa

ng sut trong th p sau c c mt m t trong giai on s dng:
0,83 fpy =0,83 1670 =1386,1 MPa
ng sut trong th p sau c c mt m t trong giai on khai th c:
0,8 fpy =0,8 1670 =1336 MPa
Chiu di tt neo: =0,002/1 neo
4.1.2. Th p thng.
Gii hn chy ti thiu ca ct th p thanh: fy =400 MPa.
Muyn n hi: Es =200000 MPa.
4.1.3.B tng.
T trng ca b tng : c = 25 kN/m3.
Cng chu n n ca b tng quy nh tui 28 ngy: fc = 45 MPa.
Cng chu n n ca b tng lc bt u t ti hoc to ng sut trc:
fci = 0,85fc = 0,8545 = 38,25 MPa.
Mun n hi ca b tng dm:
Ec= 0,043c1,5 f c' = 36056,59 MPa.
Mun n hi ca b tng dm lc cng k o:
Eci = 0,85Ec = 0,8536056,59 = 30648,102 MPa.
H s quy i hnh khi ng sut (22TCN272-05 mc 5.7.2.2)
1
f
0,85 0,05
'
c
28
0,729
7
Cng chu k o khi un: (22TCN272-05 mc 5.4.2.6)

f r 0,63
f c' 4,23 Mpa.
4.2.Chn v b tr c p cng cao.

4.2.1. X c nh lng ct th p trong dm theo iu kin cng .
y h s sc kh ng =1,0 i vi cu kin BTCT chu un v chu k o D
L/2
g
L /2
Mmen tnh ton: Mu = max ( M ucd
1 ; M ucd 1 ) = M ucd 1 = 11661,999 (kN.m)
= 11661,999106 (N.mm)
X c nh din tch ct th p ng sut trc theo cng thc gn ng:
Aps
Mu
(0,85 f pu ) 0,9d
Trong : Aps - din tch ct th p ng sut trc.

- h s sc kh ng, i vi BTCT ST ly = 1.
f pu - cng chu k o tiu chun, f pu = 1860 Mpa.
Trang: 79
d chiu cao dm ch.

M u - mmen ln nht ti tit din gia nhp do c c loi ti trng gy ra
trng th i gii hn cng I, M u = 11661,999106(N.mm)

11661,999 10 6
Do vy: Aps
= 4821,14 (mm2).
1 0,85 1860 0,9 1700
Chn Aps = 4821 (mm2).

S tao c p ST cn thit theo cng thc sau: ncg =
Aps
Aps1
4821
= 48,84 (tao).
98 ,71
Vy chn nc = 49 (tao), gm 7 b mi b gm 7 tao.

Din tch th p d ng lc trong dm: Apsc = nc Aps1 = 4998,71 = 4836,79(mm2).
Kim tra iu kin: Apsc = 4836,79 (mm2) Aps = 4821 (mm2) => t.
4.2.2.B tr c p D ng lc
- Chn ng cong trc b c p dng gy khc .
- B tr un ti v tr c ch u dm on 0,3 v 0,4
- Ta b tr c c b c p trong bu dm nh hnh v di y:
- Tnh khong c ch t trng tm ct th p CC ti m p di dm
Trong mt ct ngang dm
100
100
800
600
100
900
1700
100 150 150
1700
300
300
200
100
800
600
100
200 200
100
B tr th p DU gia dm
100
200 200
100
B tr th p DU u dm
Trang: 80
Ta trng tm ct th p cng cao so vi trc x-x (m p di ca dm)

-Ti u dm:
a ps
2 100 2 250 1 900 11200 11500

614,286(mm)
7
-Ti mt ct gia nhp /2:

a ps
3 100 3 250 1 400

207,143(mm)
7
300300200
100 150
1700
Trong c c mt ct dc dm:
B1
B2
B3
B6-B7
B4-B5
10050
13400
33500/2
i vi dm ch I cng trc ta un c p ti c c v tr 0,3 v 0,4

4.3.X c nh c trng hnh hc ca tit din dm :
-Tit din dm ch I c ct th p cng trc, tit din hnh thnh cng theo 2
giai on :
-Cch tnh ton:
Phn chia tit din thnh nhng phn t nh c dng hnh hc d x c nh Io=,din
tch, moment tnh,v khong c ch t trc trung ha n th di tit din.tnh Q
i
vi trc i qua th di cng ca tit din.x c nh trc trung ha> tnh I0_0 v tnh
Sd,St.
4.3.1.Giai on 1: b tng bn mt cu cha ng cng do tit din I chu.
a.X t mt ct gia nhp:
Trang: 81
858,013
225
800
Aps
316,70
207,143
841,987
1700
1158,30
200
600
Din tch ca tit din c k n ct th p ng sut trc:

Atd= (b1-b3)t1 + b3d + (b2-b3)t2 + npsAps
Vi n ps
=> n ps
Ep
dam
c
; Edam = 0, 043.( c )1,5 . fc'1 = 0, 043 25001,5 45 = 36056,60 Mpa.
197000
= 5,46
36056.60
Atd = (800-200)225 + 2001700 + (600-200)316,70 + 5,464836,79

= 628088,874 (mm2).
Qtdx x = (b1 b3 ).t1 .(d
t1
t
d
) b3 .d . (b2 b3 ).t2 . 2 n ps . Aps .a ps
2
2
2
= (800-200)225(1700-
225
1700
316,7
) + 2001700
+ (600-200)316,7
2
2
2
+5,464836,79207,143
= 528842691,3 (mm3).
Trang: 82
Khong c ch t trc x x n trng tm ca tit din :

y dI =
Qx- x
528842691 ,3
=
= 841,987 (mm).
A
628088 ,874
Do ytI = 1700 841,987 = 858,013 (mm).

Mmen qu n tnh ca tit din :
(b b ) t 3
b y I b y I (b b ) t 23
1 3 1 (b1 b3 ) t1 ( ytI 0,5t1 ) 2 3 t 3 d 2 3
12
3
3
12
3
I I I
(b2 b3 ) t 2 ydI 2 Aps ( ydI a ps ) 2

2
600 225 3
225 2 200 858 ,013 3 200 841,987 3
(800 200 ) 225 (858 ,013
)
12
2
3
3
+
400 316,7 3
316,7
2
(600 200) 316,7 841,987
4836,79 (841,987 207,143)
12
2
= 2,161011 (mm4).
Momen kh ng un:
d
+ Std
I td 2,16 10 11
256536027 ,3(mm 3 ).
I =
yd
841,987
t
+ Std
I td 2,16 10 11
251744437 ,4(mm 3 ).
=
ytI
858 ,013
b.X t mt ct ti gi:
-X c nh h2 (d2) :
d2 =
Fs 600 80 800 120 100 120
195 (mm )
b2
800
Trc trung ha I-I

Din tch: Atd = (b1 b2)t + db2+npsAps
= (800-600)195+1700600+5,464836,79 = 1085408,873 (mm2).
Momen tnh ca mt ct ngang i vi trc x-x l :
t
d
Qx x b1 b2 t d d b2 n ps Aps a ps
2
2
= (800-600)195(1700-
195
1700
)+1700600
+5,464836,79614,286
2
2
= 945720101,2 (mm3).
=>Khong c ch t trc x-x n trng tm ca tit din l:
Trang: 83

y dI
Qx x 945720101 ,2
871,303 (mm )
Atd
1085408 ,873
Do : ytI = 1700-871,303 = 828,697 (mm).
828,697
195
800
871,303
Aps
614,286
1700
X
600
Mmen qu n tnh ca tit din :

600 17003
1700 800 6001953
600 1700 871,303

12
2
12
I I- I =
800 600195 828,697 195 4836,79 871,303 614,2862

2
= 2,6671011 (mm4).
Momen kh ng un:
d
+ Std
I td 2,667 10 11
304729302 ,8(mm 3 ).
I =
yd
875 ,203
t
+ Std
I td 2,667 10 11
323352291 ,5(mm 3 ).
I =
yt
824 ,797
4.3.2.Giai on 2:
Bn mt cu ng cng do tit din lin hp chu(dm I bn mt cu).
a.X t mt ct gia nhp:
Xc nh chiu rng on bn cng tham gia chu lc vi dm ch:
Trang: 84
S 2300(mm)
S 2300(mm)
b1
600
be = min 12 t S max( , bS )
;200) 2700(mm)
= min 12 200 max(
2
2
L 33500
L 33500
4 4 8375(mm)
4 4 8375(mm)
Vy: be = 2300 (mm).

X c nh on di trc:
I I
I
c Qbmc nc (be ts ) ( yt 0,5t s ) =
I- I
Qbmc
Atd
Trong :
Ecbmc
29440 ,09
Vi nc = dam =
= 0,816.
Ec
36056 ,60
I- I
=> Qbmc
= 0,8162300200(858,013 +0,5200) = 359599759,7 (mm3).
Atd' Atd nc (be t s ) = 628088,874+ 0,8162300200 = 1003448,874 (mm2).
Do : c
359599759 ,7
= 358,364 (mm).
1003448 ,874
Ta c : ytII = ytI - c = 858,013 358,364 = 499,649 (mm).

ydII = ydI + c = 841,987 +358,364 =1200,351 (mm).
Trang: 85
225
499,649
858,013
200
2300
II
II
1200,351
Aps
316,70
207,143
841,987
1700
1158,30
200
600
Mmen qu n tnh ca tit din lin hp gia nhp :

I td' I td Atd .c 2 nc .[
be .ts3
be .ts .( ytII 0,5ts ) 2 ]
12
= 2,161011 + 628088,874358,3642
+0,816[
2300 200 3
+2300200(499,649+0,5200)2]
12
= 4,3291011 (mm4).
Momen kh ng un:
+ Stdt '
I td'
4,329 1011
866408218,6(mm3 )
II
499,649
yt
+ Stdd '
I td'
4,329 1011
360644511,5(mm3 )
II
1200,351
yd
b.X t mt ct ti gi:
Trang: 86
828,697
614,286
871,303
II
238,639
II
1109,942
1700
590,058
195
200
2300
600
X c nh on di trc:
c =
I- I
Qbmc
Atd
I I
nc (be ts ) ( ytI 0,5t s )
Trong : Qbmc
Vi nc =
Ecbmc
29440 ,09
= 0,816.
dam =
Ec
36056 ,60
I- I
=> Qbmc
= 0,8162300200(828,697+0,5200) = 348595705,9 (mm3).
Atd' Atd nc (be t s ) = 1085408,873+ 0,8162300200 = 1460768,873(mm2).
Do : c
348595705 ,9
= 238,639 (mm).
1460768 ,873
Ta c : ytII = ytI - c = 828,697238,639 = 590,058 (mm).

ydII = ydI + c = 871,303+ 238,639 = 1109,942 (mm).
Trc trung ha II-II:

Mmen qu n tnh ca tit din lin hp gia nhp :
be .ts3
I I td Atd .c nc .[
be .ts .( ytII 0,5ts ) 2 ]
12
'
td
=2,6671011+1085408,873238,6392
Trang: 87
2300 2003
2
2300 200 590,058 0,5 200
12
+0,816
= 5,0851011 (mm4).
Momen kh ng un:
I td'
5,0851011
+ S II
861779689,5(mm3 )
590,058
yt
t'
td
+ Stdd '
I td'
5,085 1011
458132046,5(mm3 )
1109,942
ydII
5.TNH TON MT MT NG SUT.

Tng mt m t trong c c cu kin k o sau c quy nh theo TCN.5.9.5.1
f PT f PES f PSR f PCR f PR
Trong :
Mt m t tc thi gm :
Mt m t do co ngn n hi f PES
Mt m t theo thi gian gm
Mt m t do co ngt f PSR
Mt m t do t bin ca b tng f PCR
Mt m t do chng ng sut f PR
5.1.Mt m t do co ngn n hi.
f pES =
Ep
Eci
f cgp
Trong : Ep mdun n hi ca th p ng sut trc, Ep = 197000 Mpa.

Eci - mdun n hi ca btng lc truyn lc, Eci 4800 45 = 32199,38 Mpa.
f cgp - tng ng sut b tng ti trng tm ca Aps ( ct th p k o trc)
gy ra do Fi (lc cng trc) v M dg (m men do trng lng bn thn dm) :

Mt ct gia nhp:
+ Fi = 0,7 f pu Aps = 0,718604998,71 = 6297500,58 (N).
+ M dg
DC1 L2
17 ,143 32 ,7 2
=
= 2291,355 (kN.m).
8
8
+ ecl - khong c ch t trng tm mt ct tit din gia nhp n trng tm ct th p

chu k o: ecl ydI a ps 858,013 207,143 650,87 (mm).
Trang: 88

f cgp
Fi Fi ecl2 M dg ecl
6297500,58 6297500,58 650,87 2 2291,355106 650,87
A
I I I
I I I
628088,874
2,16 1011
2,16 1011
= - 15,473 (Mpa).
(du (-) ch co n hi ca b tng, iu ny gy ng sut mt m t dng).
=> f pES
197000
15,473 = 94,666 (Mpa).
32199 ,38
Mt ct ti gi:
Lc ny Mdg = 0 v ecl ydI a ps 828,697 614,286 214,411 (mm)
f cgp
Fi Fi ecl2 M dg ecl
6297500,58 6297500,58 214,4112
= -6,887
A
I I I
I I I
1085408,873
2,667 1011
(Mpa).
=> f pES
197000
6,887 = 42,136 (Mpa).
32199 ,38
5.2.Mt m t ng sut do co ngt.

f pSR 117 1, 03H
Trong : H m tng i mi trng khu vc cu, ly H = 80%.

=> f pSR 117 1, 03 80 = 34,6 Mpa.
5.3.Mt m t ng sut do t bin
f pCR 12. f cgp 7.f cdp
Trong :
+ f cgp - ng sut btng ti trng tm ca Asp khi truyn lc n n, f cgp = 15,473
(Mpa).
+ f cdp - thay i ng sut trong b tng ti trng tm ca Asp do ti trng tnh,
tr ti trng sau khi t c dng Fi, tr i M dg .
i vi mt ct gia nhp :
f cdg
( DC DC1 DW)
L2
( ydII a ps )
8
I td
32700 2
33,311 17 ,143 5,387
1200 ,351 207 ,143
8
=
= -6,61(Mpa).
4,329 10 11
=> f pCR 12 15,473 7 6,61 = 139,406 (Mpa).

i vi mt ct ti gi : ( f cdg 0 )
=> f pCR 12 6,887 = 82,644 (Mpa).
Trang: 89
5.4.Mt m t do chng ng sut lc truyn lc

f pR f pR1 f pR 2
Trong : f pR1 - mt m t do chng ng sut ti lc truyn lc.

f pR 2 - mt m t do chng ng sut sau khi truyn lc.
5.4.1.Mt m t do chng ng sut ti lc truyn lc.

Mt ct gia nhp :
Dng tao th p c kh ng sut d :
f pR1
log(24.t ) f pj
0,55 . f pj
10
f py
Trong : t thi gian gi nh t lc cng n lc ct ct th p = 4 ngy.

f py - cng chy quy nh ca th p ng sut trc,
f py = 0,85 f pu = 1581 (Mpa).
f pj - ng sut ban u trong b ct th p cui giai on cng.

f pj f pt f pES = 0,71860 94,666 = 1207,334 (Mpa).
=> f pR1
log( 24 4) 1207 ,334
0,55 1207 ,334 63,099 (Mpa).

10
1581
Mt ct ti gi :
f pj f pt f pES = 0,71860 42,136 = 1259,864 (Mpa).
=> f pR1
log( 24 4) 1259 ,864
0,55 1259 ,864 61,655 (Mpa).

10
1581
5.4.2.Mt m t do chng ng sut sau khi truyn lc.

Mt ct gia nhp :
f pR 2 138 0, 4.f pES 0, 2.(f pSR f pCR )
= 138 0,494,666 0,2(34,6 +139,406) = 65,332(Mpa).

Do vy : f pR 63,099 65,332 128 ,431 (Mpa).
Mt ct ti gi :
f pR 2 138 0, 4.f pES 0, 2.(f pSR f pCR )
= 138 0,442,136 0,2 (34,6 +82,644) = 97,697 (Mpa).

Do vy : f pR 61,655 97 ,697 159 ,352 (Mpa).
5.5.Tng mt m t ng sut trc.
Ti mt ct gia nhp :
Trang: 90
f pt f pES f pSR f pCR f pR = 94,666+34,6+139,406 +128,431 = 397,103
(Mpa).
Ti mt ct gi :
f pt f pES f pSR f pCR f pR = 42,136+34,6 +82,644+159,352 = 318,732
(Mpa).
6.KIM TON THEO TRNG THI GII HN CNG I.
6.1.Kim tra cng un.
Sc kh ng un tnh to n Mr c tnh nh sau :
M r .M n
Trong : M n - sc kh ng un danh nh.

- h s sc kh ng, = 1.
Cng thc kim to n vi trng th i gii hn cng I.

Mu .Mn
Trong : M u - mmen tnh to n trng th i gii hn cng I.
Coi th di ch c ct th p ng sut trc chu lc, vi mt ct hnh ch I quy i
sc kh ng danh nh M n c x c nh nh sau :
a h
a
a
a
M n .[Aps f ps (d p ) As f y d s As' f y' d s' 0,85.1. f c' .(b bw ).h f . f

2
2
2
2 2
Trong :
+Aps din tch ct th p ng sut trc
+fps -ng sut trung bnh trong th p ng sut trc sc kh ng un danh nh.
+dp - khong c ch t th n n ngoi cng n trng tm ct th p ng sut trc.
+As - din tch ct th p chu k o khng ng sut trc
+fy - gii hn chy quy nh ca ct th p
+ds - khong c ch t th n n ngoi cng n trng tm ct th p chu k o khng
ng sut trc (mm)
+ d s' - khong c ch t th ngoi cng chu n n n trng tm ct th p chu n n
khng ng sut trc (mm)
+ As' - din tch ct th p chu n n
+ f y' -gii hn chy quy nh ca ct th p chu n n (MPa)
+ f c' -cng chu n n quy nh ca b tng tui 28 ngy (MPa)
+ b- chiu rng ca mt chu n n ca cu kin.
+bw-chiu dy bn bng.
Trang: 91
+ h f - chiu dy bn c nh chu n n ca dm I.
+ 1 -h s chuyn i biu d ng sut , 1 0,85
45 28
0,05 0,729 .
7
Khong c ch t th n n ngoi cng n trc trung ha vi gi thit l th p ng

sut trc ca b tao th p b chy d o.
c
Aps f pu As f y As' f y' 0,851 f c' (b bw )h f

0,85 f c' 1bw kAps ( f pu / d p )
Trong : fpu: cng chu k o quy nh ca ct th p d ng lc(MPa)

+fpy: cng chy ca th p d ng lc(MPa).
fpy = 0,9fpu = 0,91860= 1674 (MPa)
Ta dng loi tao 12,7 c t chng thp.
Mi b c 7 tao.
Cng chu k o tiu chun : fpu=1860 MPa.
- Gii hn chy :
fpy=1674 MPa.
f py
k 2. 1, 04
2. 1, 04 16741860 0, 28
f
pu
dp = h-aps =1700+200-207,143 = 1692,857 (mm).

Vi: aps Khong c ch t th ngoi cng chu k o n trng tm ct th p d
ng(x t mt ct gia nhp)
6..1.1.Mt ct gia nhp:
Ta c:
c
4836,79 1860 0,85 0,729 45 (2300 200) 200

= -384,29 (mm) < hf = 200
1860
0,85 45 0,729 200 0,28 4836,79
1692,857
(mm)
Tc trc trung ha i qua c nh (ly bw=b) nn c c tnh li nh sau:
c
Aps f pu
f pu
0,85 f c' 1 bw k Aps
d
p
4836,79 1860
1860
0,85 45 0,729 2300 0,28 4836,79
1962,857
= 137,524 (mm).
ng sut trong b ct th p c dnh kt:
Trang: 92
c
f ps f pu 1 k
dp
1860 1 0,28 137,524 1823,511 (Mpa).
1962,857
Chiu dy khi ng sut tng:

a=c1 = 137,5240,729 = 100,255 (mm).
Sc kh ng un danh nh :
100 ,255
a
-6
M n Aps . f ps .(d p ) = 4836,791823,511 1962 ,857
10
2
2
=16870,159(kN.m).
Sc kh ng un tnh to n:
M r M n 1 16870 ,159 = 16870,159 (kN.m) > M u = 11661,999 (kN.m) =>tha
mn.
Vy mt ct gia nhp tha mn v cng .
6.1.2.Mt ct ti gi:
Ta c:
c
4836,79 1860 0,85 0,729 45 (2300 600) 200

= -25,908 (mm) < hf =200
1860
0,85 45 0,729 600 0,28 4836,79
1285,714
(mm)
Tc trc trung ha i qua c nh (ly bw=b) nn c c tnh li nh sau:
c
Aps f pu
f pu
0,85 f c' 1 bw k Aps
d
p
4836,79 1860
1860
0,85 45 0,729 2300 0,28 4836,79
1285,714
= 136,118 (mm).
ng sut trong b ct th p c dnh kt:
c
f ps f pu 1 k
dp
1860 1 0,28 136,118 1804,863 (Mpa).
1285,714
Chiu dy khi ng sut tng:

a=c1 = 136,1180,729 = 99,230 (mm).
Sc kh ng un danh nh :
99 ,23
a
-6
M n Aps . f ps .(d p ) = 4836,791804,863 1285 ,714
10
2
2
= 10790,827 (kN.m).
Sc kh ng un tnh to n:
Trang: 93
M r M n 1 10790 ,827 = 10790,837 (kN.m) > M u = 1454,212 (KN.m)=> tha
mn.
Vy mt ct ti gi tha mn v cng .
6.2.Kim tra hm lng ct th p ng sut trc.
6.2.1.Ct th p ti a:
Mt ct gia nhp:
Coi din tch ct th p thng (As= 0), ta c:
de =
Aps . f ps .d p + As . f y .d s
Aps . f ps + As . f y
V As = 0, nn d e = d p = 1692,857 (mm).
iu kin kim tra:
c
137 ,524
0, 42 hay
= 0,081 < 0,42 => tha mn iu
de
1692 ,857
kin.
Mt ct ti gi:
V As = 0, nn d e = d p = 1285,714 (mm).
iu kin kim tra:
c
136 ,118
0, 42 hay
= 0,106 < 0,42 => tha mn iu
de
1285 ,714
kin.
6.2.2.Ct th p ti thiu:
Ct th p ti thiu phi m bo mmen kh ng un tnh to n Mr phi ln hn gi
tr nh hn trong hai gi tr sau:
1,2
ln sc kh ng nt: 1,2 M cr .
1,33
ln m men tnh to n cn thit di t hp ti trng cng I : 1,33 M u .
Hay: Mn min(1,2Mcr; 1,33Mu)

Trong :
+Mcr: sc kh ng nt c x c nh trn c s phn b ng sut n hi v cng
chu k o khi un, fr (A.5.4.2.6):
fr = 0,63 fc' 0, 63 45 4, 226( MPa)
+Theo TCN 5.7.3.6.2-2: Mcr= f r
Ig
yd
a,Ti mt ct gia nhp:

+yd: khong c ch t th chu k o ngoi cng n trc trung ho(mm),
y dII 1200 ,351 (mm )
+Ig: m men qu n tnh ca dm ch ti tit din gia nhp giai on lin hp

Trang: 94
Ig = 4,3291011 (mm4)
4,329 10 11
Suy ra: Mcr=4,226.10
=1524,084103(kN.mm) = 1524,084 (KN.m)
1200 ,351
-3
Mu= 11661,999 (KN.m)

min(1,2Mcr; 1,33Mu)=min(1,21524,084; 1,3311661,999)= 1828,901(KN.m)
Ta c: Mr = Mn = 16870,159 (KN.m) > min(1,2Mcr; 1,33Mu) = 1828,901(KN.m)
Kt lun: Mt ct gia nhp tho mn hm lng ct th p ti thiu.
b,Ti mt ct gi:
+yd: khong c ch t th chu k o ngoi cng n trc trung ho(mm),
y dII 1109 ,942 (mm )
+Ig: m men qu n tnh ca dm ch ti tit din gia nhp giai on lin hp

Ig = 5,0851011 (mm4)
5,085 10 11
Suy ra: Mcr=4,226.10
=1936,066103(kN.mm) = 1936,066(KN.m)
1109 ,942
-3
Mu= 1454,212 (KN.m)

min(1,2Mcr; 1,33Mu)=min(1,21936,066; 1,331454,212)= 1934,102(KN.m)
Ta c: Mr = Mn = 10790,837 (KN.m) > min(1,2Mcr; 1,33Mu) = 1934,102
(KN.m)
Kt lun: Mt ct gia nhp tho mn hm lng ct th p ti thiu.
6.3.Tnh to n ct ai v kim tra ct theo trng th i gii hn cng I.
Sc kh ng ct tnh to n ca dm l:
Vr v .Vn
Trong :
Vn sc kh ng ct danh nh.
+ v h s kh ng ct, v =0,9.
Sc kh ng ct danh nh phi c x c nh bng tr s nh hn ca:
Vn = min Vn1;Vn 2
Vi: Vn1 = Vc+Vs+Vp
Vn2 =
0, 25. fc' .bv .dv Vp .
Trong : Vc do ng sut k o trong b tng.

+Vs do ct th p chu ct.
+Vp do thnh phn d ng lc thng ng.
+ bv - b rng sn dm nh nht trn chiu cao d v .
Trang: 95
+ d v - chiu cao chu ct hu hiu, l khong c ch t tm ct th p chu k o n

trng tm vng n n v (0,9de hoc 0,72hdm).
Ti gia nhp:
dv de
0,9 d e 0,9 1692,857 1523,571(mm)

a
max
2
0,72 h 0,72 1900 1368(mm)
=> d v = 1692,857
100,225
= 1642,745 (mm) > 1523,571 (mm) ,
2
Nh vy: d v = 1642,745 (mm).

Ti gi:
dv de
0,9 d e 0,9 1285,714 1157,143(mm)

a
max
2
0,72 h 0,72 1900 1368(mm)
=> d v = 1285,714
99,23
= 1236,099 (mm) < 1368 (mm) ,
2
Nh vy chn d v = 1368 (mm).

X t mt ct ti gi:
Chiu di truyn lc : Ltl = 60 D ps = 6012,7 = 762 (mm).
Tit din ct nguy him: d v = 1368 (mm).
V chiu di truyn lc Ltl = 762(mm) < d v = 1368 (mm) ,c th dng gi tr ton
phn ca V p
Trng tm ca ct th p un xin :
B 1: 1700200207,143 = 1292,857 (mm) , tnh t trng tm ct th p Aps gia
nhp.
B 2: 1700500 207,143 = 992,857 (mm) , tnh t trng tm ct th p Aps gia
nhp.
B 3: 1700 800 207,143 = 692,857 (mm) , tnh t trng tm ct th p Aps gia
nhp.
C c gc xin c p ng sut trc:
+ 1 tan g 1
1292,857
= 5,511 0 ;
13400
+ 2 tan g 1
992,857
= 5,642 0
10050
+ 3 tan g 1
692,857
= 3,944 0
10050
6
Ta c: V p Aps . f p . sin i
1
Trang: 96
Trong : Aps : din tch c c tao c p, Aps=4836,79 mm2.

Ta c:
Aps =
7
4836.79 =690,97 mm2
49
+fp :ng sut trong c p sau mt m t, gi tr ng vi mt ct l/2.

f p f pj f pT 1259 ,864 318 ,732 941,132 (Mpa).
+ i : gc lch ca c p theo phng ngang. y theo bng b tr ct th p.

Vp = 690,97 941,13210-3 (sin 5,511 0 +sin 5,642 0 +sin 3,944 0 )= 171,112
Vy :
(kN)
ng sut ct trong b tng x c nh theo:

v
Vu .Vp
.bv .dv
Trong : Vu - lc ct tnh to n, Vu = V CDI = 1575,129 (kN).

(1575 ,129 0,9 171,112 ) 10 3
v=
= 1,924 (Mpa).
0,9 600 1368
ng bin dc trong ct th p pha chu un:

Mu
0,5.Vu .cot g ( ) Aps . f po
dv
x
Es . As E p . Aps
Trong :
+ M u - m men tnh to n CI ti mt ct c ch u gi 2m, M u = 2730,781
(KN.m)
+ Vu - lc ct tnh to n CI.
Gi thit tnh vi = 27o
+ E s , E p - ln lt l mdun n hi ca ct th p thng v ng sut trc.
+ As , Aps - ln lt l din tch ca ct th p thng v ng sut trc, coi As = 0.
+ f po - ng sut trong th p ng sut trc khi ng sut btng xung quanh n bng
0
f po f pe1
Fpe1
Alh
Ep
Edam
Vi : f pe1 f pj f pt = 0,71860 318,732= 983,268 (Mpa).

Fpe1 = Aps . f pe1 = 4836,79983,268 = 4755860,83 (N).
Alh = 1460768,873 (mm2)
Edam = 36056,60 (Mpa).

Trang: 97

=> f po 983 ,268
4755860 ,83
197000
= 965,48 (Mpa).
1460768,87 3 36056 ,60
Do vy:
2730 ,781 10 6
0,5 1575 ,129 cot g (27 ) 4836 ,79 965 ,48
1368
x
2,7 10 3
197000 4836 ,79
=> x < 210-3 => tha mn iu kin.

Tuy nhin v x m nn : x = x Fs .
Vi Fs
Es . As E p . Aps
Ec . Ac Es . As E p . Aps
vi Ac l din tch btng pha chu un ca dm, x c nh nh b tng pha di

h/2(hnh A.5.8.3.4.2.3): h=1900(mm); h/2= 950(mm);
Ac = 950600 = 570000(mm2).
=> Fs
197000 4836 ,79

= 0,044.
570000 36056 ,60 197000 4836 ,79
=> x = -2,710-3 0,044 = -1,1910 - 4.

Da vo x = -1,1910 4 v
v 1,924
=
= 0,0428 tra bng TCN5.8.3.4.2-1:
f c'
45
ta c c: = 270 , = 5,85 .
Ta c: Vc 0, 083. . fc' .bv .dv = 0,0835,85 45 6001368 10-3= 2673,484 (kN).
Chn ct ai chng ct:
thun tin cho thi cng chn ng knh ct ai t thay i nhng bc ct ai
thay i theo s gim lc ct theo chiu di dm:
Trong on u dm chn 12@100 (mm).
Trong on tip theo /4 chn 10@150 (mm).
Trong on gia dm chn 12@200 (mm).
Sc kh ng ct danh nh ca ct th p trong dm (ct ai)chu ct:
Vs
Av . f y .d v cot g
s
Trong : Av l din tch ct th p chu ct trong c ly s, u dm b tr ct ai

12:
Av 0,083
f c'
bv s
fy
+fy gii hn chy ca ct th p ngang., fy =420MPa.

s: c ly ct th p ai, u dm s=100mm
Trang: 98
Gc nghing ca ng sut n n ch o, = 5,85

Gc nging ca ct th p ai so vi trc dc, =900
=>
Av 0,083 5,85 45
Vs
600 100
465,31(mm 2 )
420
465 ,31 420 1368 cot g (27 0 ) 10 3

234943 ( N ) 234 ,943 ( KN )
100
Vy: Vn1 Vc Vs V p = 2673,484 +234,943+171,112 = 3079,539 (KN)

Vn 2 0, 25 f c' .bv .d v VP = 0,2545600136810-3+171,112 = 9405,112 (KN).
=> Vn = min(Vn1;Vn 2 ) = 3079,539 (kN).

Do : Vr = 0,93079,539 = 2771,585 (kN).
Vu ti gi l Vu =1575,129 (kN) < Vr = 2771,585 (kN).
Kt lun: dm m bo cng chu ct.
B tr ct ai trong dm theo cu to :
-on t u dm n vut b tr th p ai 4 nh nh 12@100.
-on t vut n mt ct /4 b tr th p ai 2 nh nh 10@150.
-on gia nhp b tr th p ai 2 nh nh 12@200.
7.Kim tra theo trng th i gii hn s dng.
TTGHSD lin quan n phm cht ca cu khi chu ti trng khai th c. C c vn
cn quan tm l nt, bin dng, S trong b tong v b ct th p trong iu kin
khai th c thng xuyn
7.1. Kim tra ng sut trong b tng(TCN A.5.9.4):
Kim tra ng sut trong b tng nhm m bo khng ph t sinh vt nt trong b
tng do ng sut k o hoc n n qu ln trong qu trnh khai th c: fc [fc]
Gi thit rng ng sut l m khi chu n n v dng khi chu k o.
+fc: ng sut k o trong b tng do ti trng gy ra ti tit din tnh to n.
+[ f ck ]: ng sut k o gii hn ca b tng ly theo TCN272-05 iu 5.9.4.2.2-1 v
5.9.4.2.1-1.
Gii hn ng sut cho b ct th p:
Ct th p CC c f pu =1860 Mpa, tao th p kh ng sut d c D = 12,7 m.
Tao 7 si, mi si c Aps 98,71(mm2 ) ; E p 197000 Mpa
ng sut trong b th p trc thi im kch l: fpj=0,7.fpu=1302(MPa)
Sau khi truyn lc: Fi =(0,8.fpu - f pt ).Aps v fpy=0,85fpu=1581 MPa.
Sau mt m t: fpe=0,8fpy=1264,8MPa
Gii hn ng sut cho b tng:
Trang: 99
Cng chu n n BT tui 28 ngy: fc=45 MPa.

Cng lc cng ct th p: fci=0,945=40,5 MPa.
7.1.1. Giai on ch to dm, bn mt cu cha ng cng.
Gii hn ng sut k o: ft 0, 25 fci' 0, 25. 40.5 1,59 1,38 MPa ft 1,38
MPa
Gii hn ng sut n n: fc 0,6fci= 0,640,5 = 24,3MPa.
C c lc t c dng gm:
Ti trng bn than DC1: DC1=17,143 (KN.m)
+Ti trng bn mt cu DC2: DC2=12,354 (KN.m)
c cng trc Fps ( Sau khi tr c c mt m t tc thi).
-ng sut ti th bin di:
f
d
Fps
Atd
Fps .eo
Stdd
SD
M DC
1
Stdd
SD
M DC
2
Stdd
-ng sut ti th bin trn:

f
t
Fps
Atd
Fps .eo
Stdt
SD
M DC
1
Stdt
SD
M DC
2
Stdt
Trong :
+ Fps: tng lc k o trong c c b c p ng sut trc tr i mt m t tc thi
(KN).
FL/2 =(0,8.fpu - f pt ).Aps
= (0,81860-397,103)4836,7910-3 = 5276,44 (KN)
SD
+ M DC
: momen do trng lng bn thn dm ch trng th i gii hn s dng.
1
SD
= DC1L/2=17,143133,66 = 2291,333 (KN.m) = 2291333
M DC
1
(KN.mm)
SD
+ M DC
: momen do trng lng bn thn mt cu trng th i gii hn s dng.
2
SD
= DC2L/2= 12,354133,66 = 1651,236(KN.m) = 1651236(KN.mm)
M DC
2
+Atd: din tch tit din ca mt ct dm ch I gian on 1.

+ Stdd , Stdt : Mmen kh ng un ca thi di v th trn.
+ e0 : lch tm ca trng tm c c b c p ng sut trc n trc trung ha tit
din trong giai on 1. Ti gia nhp:
e0 ydI a ps 841,987 207,143 634,844(mm)
Ti gi: e0 ydI a ps 871,303 614,286 257,017(mm)
Trang: 100
Mt ct
Gia nhp
Fps (kN)
SD
M DC
1
(kN.mm)
SD
M DC
2
(kN.mm)
Atd (mm2)
5276,44
2291333
1651236
628088,874
251744437,4
(mm )
e0 (mm)
256536027,3
634,844
fd (Mpa)
-6,089
S
S
t
td
(mm )
d
td
f (Mpa)
So s nh vi iu kin ta c:
-10,756
Mt ct gia nhp: Ton b tit din chu n n.

f t 10,756(Mpa) f c 24,3(Mpa) t.
f d 6,089(Mpa) f c 24,3(Mpa) t.
7.1.2. Giai on bn mt cu ng cng hnh thnh tit din lin hp.

Gii hn ng sut k o: ft 0,5 fci' 0,5. 40.5 3,18 (Mpa).
Gii hn ng sut n n: fc 0,45fci= 0,45.40,5 = 18,225(MPa).
C c lc t c dng gm:
Ti trng bn than DC1: DC1=17,143 (KN/m)
Ti trng bn mt cu DC2: DC2=12,354 (KN/m)
Ti trng bn thn lan can tay vn DC3: DC3 = 2,148 (KN/m).
Ti trng bn thn C PMC DW: DW = 5,387 (KN/m).
Ti trng hot ti (P
).
c cng trc Fps ( Sau khi tr c c mt m t tc thi).
-ng sut ti th bin di:
fd
Fps
Atd
Fps .eo
Stdd
SD
M DC
1
Stdd
SD
M DC
2
Stdd
SD
M DC
3 DW
Stdd '
SD
M PL
LL
d'
Std
-ng sut ti th bin trn:

f
t
Fps
Atd
Fps .eo
Stdt
SD
M DC
1
Stdt
SD
M DC
2
Stdt
SD
M DC
3 DW
Stdt '
SD
M PL
LL
Stdt '
Trong :
Trang: 101
+ Fps: tng lc k o trong c c b c p ng sut trc tr i mt m t tc thi

(KN).
FL/2 =(0,8.fpu - f pt ).Aps
= (0,81860-397,103)4836,7910-3 = 5276,44 (KN)
SD
+ M DC
: momen do trng lng bn thn dm ch trng th i gii hn s dng.
1
SD
= DC1L/2=17,143133,66 = 2291,333 (KN.m) = 2291333
M DC
1
(KN.mm)
SD
+ M DC
: momen do trng lng bn thn mt cu trng th i gii hn s dng.
2
SD
= DC2L/2= 12,354133,66 = 1651,236(KN.m) = 1651236(KN.mm)
M DC
2
SD
+ M DC
: momen do trng lng bn thn lan can tay vn v lp ph mt cu.
3 DW
SD
= (DC3 DW)L/2= (2,148+5,387)133,66 = 1007,128 (KN.m)
M DC
3 DW
SD
+ M PL
LL : momen do trng lng bn thn hot ti gy ra trng th i s dng
SD
M PL
LL =2866,585(KN.m) = 2866585 (KN.mm)
+Atd: din tch tit din ca mt ct dm ch I gian on 1.

+ Stdd , Stdt : Mmen kh ng un ca thi di v th trn giai on I
+ Stdd ' , Stdt ' : Mmen kh ng un ca thi di v th trn ca tit din giai on II.
+ e0 : lch tm ca trng tm c c b c p ng sut trc n trc trung ha tit
din trong giai on 1. Ti gia nhp:
e0 ydI a ps 841,987 207,143 634,844(mm)
Ti gi: e0 ydI a ps 871,303 614,286 257,017(mm)

Kt qu tnh to n kim tra ng sut giai on khai th c s dng:
Mt ct
Fps (kN)
SD
(kN.mm)
M DC
1
M
SD
DC2
(kN.mm)
Gia nhp
5276,44
2291333
1651236
SD
(kN.mm)
M DC
3 DW
1007,128
SD
M PL
LL (kN.mm)
Atd (mm )
Stdd (mm3)
2866585
628088,874
256536027,3
Stdt (mm3)
251744437,4
d'
td
S (mm )
360644511,5
Trang: 102

Stdt ' (mm3)
e0 (mm)
fd (Mpa)
ft (Mpa)

866408218,6
634,844
1,862
-14,066
So s nh vi iu kin ta c:
Mt ct gia nhp: Ton b tit din chu n n.
f t 14,066(Mpa) f c 18,225(Mpa) t.
f d 1,862 ( Mpa) f c 18,225 ( Mpa) t.
7.3.Kim tra vng:

Bin dng do ti trng khai th c qu ln nn h hng mt cu, nt cc b trong
bn mt cu gy cm gi c khng an ton cho ngi l i xe. hn ch iu ny,
quy trnh kin ngh:
vng do hot ti ca dm n gin : L / 2
vng do hot ti ti u dm hng :
L
800
L
300
Khi tnh vng do hot ti cn so s nh gia :

Mt xe thit k ( c x t IM )
25% mt xe thit k c x t IM v ti trng ln.
7.3.1.Tnh vng tc thi do hot ti v xung kch:
iu kin kim to n:
L
800
Trong : L / 2 - vng ln nht ti gia nhp do xe v ngi. y bng tr s ln hn
L/2
ca:
kt qu tnh ca 1 xe ti thit k v ti trng ngi i.
25% ca xe ti thit k cng vi ti trng ln v ti trng ngi i.
+L chiu di nhp tnh ton, L = 32,7 (m).
H s phn b ngang ca hot ti t khi tnh vng.
M
g LL
nln 2
= .
Nb 5
vng do xe ti n:
M
Pi g LL
(1 IM ). 145 (hoac35 )
M
.(1 IM ). 145 =
P1 = P2 = g LL
P3 =
2
1,25145 = 72,5 (kN).
5
2
1,2535 = 17,5 (kN).
5
Trang: 103
Khong c ch t trc xe n gi:

L
32,7
4,3 = 12,05 (m).
- 4,3m =
2
2
L
32,7
c2 =
=
= 16,35 (m).
2
2
L
32,7
4,3 = 20,65 (m).
c3 = 4,3m =
2
2
p1 .c1
1
.3.L2 4.c12 =
=> Truc
xe
48 .Ec.dam .I td
c1 =
72500 12050
3 32700 2 4 12050 2
48 36056 ,6 4,329 10 11
= 3,063 (mm).
2
Truc
xe
p 2 .c2
. 3.L2 4.c22 =
48 .Ec.dam .I td
72500 16350
3 32700 2 4 16350 2
48 36056 ,6 4,329 10 11
= 3,384 (mm).
3
Truc
xe
p3 .c3
. 3.L2 4.c32 =
48 .Ec.dam .I td
17500 20650
3 32700 2 4 20650 2
48 36056 ,6 4,329 10 11
= 0,725 (mm).
vng do xe ti thit k:
1
2
3
xe Truc
Truc
Truc
= 3,063+3,384+0,725 = 7,172 (mm).
xe
xe
xe
Tnh vng do ti trng ln:

ln
5.qln .L4
5 9,3 32700 4
=
= 8,870 (mm).
384 36056 ,6 4,329 10 11
384.Ec.dam .I td
Tnh vng do ti trng ngi i:

PL
5PL T L4
5 3,2 2 32700 4
=
= 6,104 (mm).
384 36056 ,6 4,329 10 11

384.Ec.dam .I td
vng do xe ti thit k va ti trng ngi i:

1 = 7,172+6,104 = 13,276 (mm).
vng do 25% xe ti thit k cng vi ti trng ln v ti trng ngi i:
2 = 0,257,172+8,870 +6,104 = 16,767 (mm).
vng ln nht ti gia nhp l:
L / 2 = max( 1 ; 2 ) =16,767 (mm).
Trang: 104
Kim tra iu kin:

L / 2 = 16,767 (mm) <
L
32700
=
= 40,875 (mm). => tha mn iu kin.
800
800
Vy dm m bo vng tc thi do hot ti v xung kch.

7.3.2. vng do d ng lc:
ps
Fps .ecl .L2

8.Eci .I I I
Vi: ecl - khong c ch t trng tm mt ct tit din gia nhp n trng tm ct

th p chu k o: ecl ydI a ps 841,987 207,143 634,844(mm).
Eci = 4800. fc' = 4800 45 = 32199 (Mpa).
ps
0,7 1860 4836 ,79 634 ,844 32700 2

= -76,832 (mm).
8 32199 2,16 10 11
7.3.3. vng do trng lng dm:

DC1
5 17 ,143 32700 4
5.DC1 .L4
=
= 32,770 (mm)
384.Ec.dam .I I I 384 36056 ,6 2,16 10 11
7.3.4. vng ca dm sau khi cng c p d ng lc:

TC ps DC1 = -76,832+32,770 = -44,062 (mm). (vng ln).
TI IU THAM KHO
Tiu chun thit k cu 22TCN-272-05.
Nhng vn chung v m tr cu- Nguyn Nh Khi
Cu btng ct th p trn ng t, tp 1 GS.TS nh Tm.
C c v d tnh to n cu dm ch I,T,Super T-GS.TS Nguyn Vit Trung.
Gi o nThit k cu BTCT-ThS Vn c, ThS Nguyn Duy Tho.
Trang: 105

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n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh

TI: THIT K CU QUA SNG S 3

1.6.QUY M, TIU CHUN DNG THIT K CU

n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh

Tn sut l thit k : P =1%.

n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh

3.5.iu kin m bo y t, gi o dc, thng tin lin lc.

SVTH: Ng Vn Chu-Lp 09X3C-Nhm 60B

n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh

Ltt0 : Khu tnh khng thc t ca cu

Tng chiu di ca cu c k n kch thc ca m v tr ,

SVTH: Ng Vn Chu-Lp 09X3C-Nhm 60B

n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh

PHNG N 2: CU DM BTCT ST TIT DIN CH I NHP 3 40 =

Ltt0 : Khu tnh khng thc t ca cu

Tng chiu di ca cu c k n kch thc ca m v tr ,

SVTH: Ng Vn Chu-Lp 09X3C-Nhm 60B

n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh

CHNG 1 : THIT K S B CU DM GIN N BTCT ST DNG

Theo kinh nghim th i vi cu trn ng t ly : S = 1,8 2,5 m.

Chn Nb = 5; S = 2,4 (m); Sk = 1,2 (m).

SVTH: Ng Vn Chu-Lp 09X3C-Nhm 60B

n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh

Kch thc mt ct ngang dm:

Tnh to n c trng hnh hc ca c c tit din:

Agia nhp= 0,21,03+0,60,25 + (0,6 + 0,2) 0,2 +0,60,08+0,80,12

+ (0,8 + 0,2) 0,12 = 0,64(m2).

A gi= 1,80,6+2 (0,16 + 0,12) 0,1 = 1,108(m2).

Th tch btng ca mt dm ch BTCT D

Th tch btng ca ton b dm ch trong mt nhp (gm 5 dm).

DCbtdc = V C = 131,43 2,5 = 328,575 (T) = 3286 (kN).

D tnh trng lng th p trong dm ch l 0,12 (T/m3), do vy trng lng th p

Trng lng btng ct th p ca ton b dm ch trn mt m t di l:

SVTH: Ng Vn Chu-Lp 09X3C-Nhm 60B

n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh

2.X c nh trng lng bn thn dm ngang.

Dm ngang gia nhp

Din tch ca dm ngang mt ct ti gia nhp :

Th tch btng ca ton b dm ngang trong mt nhp l:

= (3 2,919 0,2 + 2 2,896 0,2) 4 = 11,639 (m3).

D tnh trng lng th p trong dm ngang l 0,12 (T/m3), do vy trng lng th p

Trng lng btng ct th p ca ton b dm ngang trn mt m t di l :

SVTH: Ng Vn Chu-Lp 09X3C-Nhm 60B

n mn hc: Cu b tng ct thp

GVHD: Th.S Nguyn Hong Vnh

3.X c nh trng lng bn thn bn mt cu.

Trng lng btng ct th p ca bn mt cu trn mt m t di l:

4.X c nh trng lng bn thn c c lp ph mt cu v lan can.

b.Trng lng tm an gia c c dm trong 1 nhp 40m.

c.i vi lan can, tay vn.