Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Obstetrica Ginecologie Curs 2b - Anatomia Organelor Genitale Feminine

    Uploaded by

    Hogas Alexandra
    39 views12 pages
    ginecologie

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    ginecologie

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    39 views12 pages

    Obstetrica Ginecologie Curs 2b - Anatomia Organelor Genitale Feminine

    Uploaded by

    Hogas Alexandra
    ginecologie

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 12
    166 Urogenital system 1 2 10 ul 2 B 4 5 16 ” 18 19 20 a 2 Scrotum. The scrotal sac containing the two | 23 testes.A Raphe of scrotum. Raphe scroti (scrotalis). Developmental median skin suture on the scrotum. A Septum of scrotum, Septum scroti (scrotale). Median connective tissue partition in the | 25 24 scrotum. A lo6 Dartos muscle. Tunica [musculus] dartos. Layer | of subcutaneous smooth muscle fibers that | wrinkle the skin of the scrotum. A la INTERNAL FEMALE GENITALIA. Organa geni- | talia feminina interna. BCD Jos Ovary. Ovarium. Intraperitoneal, almond- | shaped gonad, about 2.5-4.5 cm long and 0.5- | 1 emthick.CD | Hilum of ovary. Hilum ovari. Place of entry and | 29 exitofthe ovarian vesselsand attachmentsite of the mesovarium. C Medial surface. Facies medialis. Surface of the ovary directed medial tothe intrapelvic space. D Lateral surface. Facies lateralis. Surface of the ovary adjoining the wall ofthe pelvis. D Free margin. Margo liber. Free margin of the ovary lying opposite the hilum of the ovary. CD Mesovarian border. Margo mesovaricus. Mar- gin of attachment of the mesovarium lying op- posite the free margin. Tubal extremity. Extremitas tubaria (tubalis). Upper pole of the ovary that faces the uterine tube.D Uterine extremity. Extremitas uterina. Lower pole of the ovary facing the uterus. D ‘Tunica albuginea. Thin organ capsule beneath the epithelial covering of the ovary, sometimes called the "germinal epithelium.” C ‘Stroma of ovary. Stroma ovari. Highly nu- leated connective tissue framework of the ovary.C Cortex of ovary. Cortexovari.Corticalegionof | 37 the ovary with follicles of variable maturity. C Meduila of ovary. Medulla ovarii Tissue and massofbloodvesselsthatformthecentralareaof the ovary. Primary ovarian follicies. Folliculi ovarici pri- marii, Immature ovarian follicles, each con- sistingofanovumsurroundedbyasinglelayerof | folicularepithlialcellswithoutalumen. Vesicular ovarian [Graafian] follicles. Folliculi | ovarici vesiculosi. Maturing ovarian follicles, each witha fluid-filled cavity antrum).BC [Thecae folliculif. Specific connective tissue investments ofthe follicles. 8 Theca externa. External, fibrous layer of the theca folliculi.B Theca interna. Internal cell and vessel-rich | layer of the theca folliculi. It produces estradiol | ‘when the follicle is mature. B 30 a 32 3 34 35 36 Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thi Follicular epithelium. Epithelium folliculare {stratum granulosum), Granular, stratified layer of follicular epithelial cells. B Cumulus oophorus (ovifer). Mass of follicular epithelial cells projecting into the antrum of the follicle. It surrounds the ovum. BC Ovum (oocyte). Ovocytus.8 Corpus luteum. Endocrine gland arising from the follicular and thecal cells ofthe ruptured fol- licle.C Corpus albicans. Connective tissuereplacement ofthe degenerated corpus luteum. C Ovarian ligament. Lig. ovari proprium [[chorda utero-ovarical). Ligament between the uterine extremity of the ovary and the tubal angle. It arises from the caudal gonadal fold. D Uterine (Fallopian) tube, oviduct. Tuba uterina (salpinx).Thin connection tube, about 10 cmin length, extending from the region ofthe ovary to the uterus. D ‘Abdominal opening of uterine tube. Ostium abdominale tubae uterinae. Opening at the base of the infundibulum which communicates with the peritoneal cavity. Infundibulum of uterine tube. infundibulum tubae uterinae. Funnel-shaped beginning of the uterine tube at the ovary.D Fimbriae of uterine tube. Fimbrize tubae. Fringe-like processes of the infundibulum. D Ovarian fimbria. Fimbriaovarica. Anespecially Jong fimbria projecting from the base of the in- fundibulum to the ovary where its attached.D Ampulla of uterine tube. Ampulla tubae uter- inae. Lateral 2/3 of the tube. Its lumen tapers toward the isthmus, D Isthmus of uterine tube. [sthmus tubae uter- inae. Narrow medial 1/3 ofthe tube. D Uterine part of uterine tube. Pars uterina. Por- tion of the tube within the wall ofthe uterus. D Uterine opening of uterine tube. Ostium uter- inum tubae, Opening ofthe tube into the uterine cavity. D e All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Urogenital system _167 [BJ Uterine tube, ovary and uterus, posterior view Fenels, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved, Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. 168 Urogenital system 10 u 2 B 4 15 16 ” 18 19 20 a Tunica serosa, Peritonealcoveringoftheuterine | 22 tube.B | Tela subserosa, Connective tissue layer beneath | the peritoneal coveringofthe uterine tube.B | 23, ‘Tunica muscularis. Layerof muscle in the wallof | the uterine tube. B Tunica mucosa. Mucous membrane linedby cil ited columnar epithelium with glandular cells forming abundantly branched folds.B | 2s Tubal folds. Plicae tubariae (tubales). Exten- sively branched mucosal folds which in some areasfilluptheentirelumenoftheuterinetube.B Uterus [[Metral]. It measures about 755 em in length. AC Body of uterus. Corpus uteri. Portion of the | 9g uterts situated Between the cervix and fundus. Itslumenisflattened fromanteriorto posterior.C | Fundus of uterus. Fundus uteri. Dome of the | > ‘uterus lying above the entrance of the uterine | tube. Right/left horn of uterus. Cornu uteridextrum/ sinistrum, Pointed extension of the uterus atthe entrance of the uterine tube owing to the in- ‘complete union of both paramesonephric ducts. Seep. 167D Rightileft margin of uterus. Margo uteri dex- ter/sinister Blunt lateral marginsofthe uterusto Which the broad ligament of the uterus is at- tached. A Intestinal surface. Facies intestinalis Surface of | uterus facing posterosuperiorly and bordering oon the intestine. C Cavity of uterus. Cavitas uteri. It islined by mu- cosa. AC | Vesical surface. Facies vesicalis. Uterine surface | directed anteroinferiorly and facing the urinary | bladder. Isthmus uteri. Portion ofthe uterusbetween the | body and cervix. itis about 1 cmlong. C Cervix uteri. More tubular lower third of the uterusadjacenttotheisthmusandabout2.5. cm long. ¢ ‘Supravaginal part of cervix. Portiosupravagi nalis cervicis Portion of the cervix surrounded | ‘onal sides by connective tissue.C Vaginal part of cervix. Porto vaginalis cervi- | cis. Cone-shaped portion of the cervix that pro- | jectsinto the vagina and iscovered onallsidesby | ‘vaginal epithelium. C External os of uterus. Ostium uteri. Opening ‘of the uterine lumen into the vagina. itis pt-like in nullipara and becomes slit-like after child- birth.c Anterior lip. Labium anterius. Anterior border of the uterine ostium. C Posterior lip. Labium posterius. Posterior border of uterine ostium. C Cervieal canal. Canalis cervicis uteri. Tube- shaped canal ofthe cervix. C | 24 27 | a1 32 3B Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thi Palmate folds. Plicae palmatae. Mucosal folds inthe cervix organized like leaves ofa palm tree, c Cervical glands Gl.cervicalis(uteri) Branched, ‘tubular mucous glands in the mucosa ofthe cer- Parametrium. Connective tissue between the ‘two layers of the broad ligament. A Paracervix. Continuation of the parame into the cervical region. Tunica serosa (perimetrium). Peritoneal cover- ing ofthe uterus. A Tela subserosa. Connective issue layer beneath the peritoneal covering ofthe uterus. A Tunica muscularis (myometrium). Very thick muscularlayer of the wall ofthe uterus. ts fibers are arranged in a spiral system. A ‘Tunica mucosa (endometrium). Mucous mem- brane of uterus lined by simple columnar epithelium and glands. It undergoes changes corresponding to the menstrual cycle. A Uterine glands. Gll.uterinae. Simple, branched, tubular glands within the endometrium. A M. recto-uterinus. Smooth muscle within the rectouterine fold. Round ligament of uterus. Lig. teres uteri Derived from the caudal gonadal fold, itextends fromthetubeangletothelabiummajusby wayof the broad ligament and the inguinal canal. C [Processus vaginalis peritoneil]. Transient developmental diverticulum of the peritoneum extending through the inguinal canal. in rare cases itis the site ofa congenital inguinal hernia inthe female. ieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Urogenital system 169 141617 en Sagittal section of female pelvis 15 Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and condifons of ioense 170_Urogenital system 1. Vagina. Flat canal, about 10 cm long, leading into the uterus.A 2. Fornix vaginae. Recess betweenthevaginal part of the cervix and the wall of the vagina. A 3. Anterior part. Parsanterior. Anterior, shallower fornix ofthe vagina. A | 4. Posterior part. Pars posterior. Posterior fornix | of the vagina with its clinically very significant relationship tothe peritoneal cavity. A | 5 Lateral part. Pars lateralis. Lateral connection between the anterior and posterior parts of the | fornix vaginae. 6 Anterior wall of vagina. Paries anterior. 7. Posterior wall of vagina. Paries posterior. A 8 Hymen. Cutaneous fold emanating especially from the posterior wall of the vagina and, as a virginal membrane, partially closing off the en- | trance (introitus) to the vagina. C j 9 Hymenal caruncle. Carunculae hymenales. Fle shyremainsofthe hymeninthewall ofthe vagina after childbirth. AD Tunica muscularis. Relatively thin layer of muscle inthe vagina. A Tunica mucosa. Mucous membrane of the vaginalinedby lycogen-rich, stratified, nonker- atinized squamous epithelium. A Rugae vaginales. Transverse folds (rugae) in the vaginal mucosa. A | Columns of rugae. Columnae rugarum. Two | Jongitudinal ridges in the anterior and posterior | walls of the vagina produced by underiying | venous plexuses. | Posterior column of rugae. Columna rugarum | posterior. It lies in the posterior wall of the fagina AD | ‘Anterior column of rugoe. Columna rugarum anterior. Itlies inthe anterior wall ofthe vagina.A_ D Urethral carina of vagina, Carina urethralis vaginae. Longitudinal ridge produced by the urethra in the lower part of the anterior column ofthe rugae.ACD 16a Tunica spongiosa. Layer of spongy vascular plexuses outside ofthe tunica muscularis. A | Epoophoron. Developmental derivative of the | ‘mesonephros within the mesosalpinx.B | Duct of epodphoron. Ductus epoophorontis | longitudinalis. Remnant of the mesonephric duct and some of its tubules. It ies in the me- sosalpinx. B Transverse ductules of epodphoron. Ductuli | transversi epodphorontis. Remains of 10-20 transversely coursing mesonephric tubules Which open into the duct ofthe epoophoron. B Appendices vesiculosae. Dispersed remains of | mesonephiictubules in the vicinity ofthe infun- dibulum of the uterine tube. They terminate in vesicles. B 10 " 2 B 4 15 16 W 18 19 20 a 2 23 4 25 26 a 28 29 30 31 32 3 34 35 Paroophoron. Tubules derived from the caudal part of the mesonephros and situated between the lowermost branches ofthe ovarian artery. B Vestigial ductus deferens. [Ductus deferens vestigialis}. Remains of the embryonic meso- nephric duct in the female. FEMALE EXTERNAL SEX ORGANS. Organa geni- taliafeminina extema, CD Female pudendum. Pudendum femininum. Ex- ternal female genitalia. CD ‘Mons pubis. Pad of fat situated in front of and above the pubic symphysis. C Lablum majus pudendi. Greater lip ofthe pu- ‘dendum.Afoldofskin theoutersurface of which is covered with hair. The internal surface is ‘smooth and hairless, resembling mucosa. C Anterior labfal commissure. Commissura la- biorumanterior. Anterior right and left labia ma- jora.c Posterior labial commissure. Commissura la- biorum posterior. Posterior junction ofthe labia majora.C Pudendal fissure. Rima pudendi. Fissure be- tween the labia majora. C Labium minus pudendi. Thinner fold of skin devoid of hair and provided with abundant se- baceous glands. C Frenulum of pudendal labia. Frenulum labi- ‘rum pudenci. Sharp-edged foid in front ofthe posterior labial commissure where the labia ‘minora meet. C Vestibule of vagina. Vestibulum vaginae.Space enclosed by the labia minora. C Fossa of vestibule of vagina. Fossa vestibuli vaginae. Part of the vestibule between the fremulum and the vaginal opening. C Bulb of vestibule. Bulbusvestibuli-Body oferec- tile tissue corresponding to the male corpus spongiosum, found primarily at the root of the labia majora. Intermediate part of bulb of vestibule. Pars intermedia [commissura] bulborum. Bridge uniting right and left bulbi vestibuli at the cli toris. Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. Urogenital system _171 Urinary bladder, urethra, vagina, Development of the female uterus and rectum, sagittal section urogenital system External female virginal genitalia {By External female genitalia Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved, Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. 172_Urogenital system 1 10 2 B 4 15 16 ” 18 19 Orifice (introitus) of vagina. Ostium vaginae, Opening of vagina into vestibule. A Lesser vestibular glands. Gil. vestibulares minores. Simple, tubular mucosal glands near the urethra. Greater vestibular [[Bartholin’s]| gland. Gl, vestibularis major [Bartholini]. Pea-sized mucousglandsituated posteriorly nthe urogen- italdiaphragm. topensintothelowerthirdofthe vestibule between the labium minus and hymen ‘or hymenal caruncle. A Clitoris. Erectile portion of the female puden- ‘durn. ts two cavernous bodies unite at the ante- riorends ofthe labia minoratoformthe glans toridis.A Crus of elitoris.Cruslitoridis Portion ofthe cli- toris attached to the inferior pubic ramus. A Body of clitoris. Corpus clitoridis. Shaft of cli- toris formed by the two cavernous bodies. A Glans of clitoris. Glans clitoridis. Acorn-shaped cap of the clitoris connected with the bulb of the vestibule by a thin cord. A Frenulum of clitoris. Frenulum clitoridis. Double fold approaching the clitoris inferiorly from the labia minora. A Prepuce of clitoris. Preputium clitoridis. Fotd formed by the union of the two folds of the labia minora above the clitoris. A CORPUS CAVERNOSUM OF CLITORIS. Corpus cavernosum clitoridis _(dextrum/sinistrum). Right and left cavernous bodies that join to form the body of the clitoris. Septum of corpus cavernosum. Septum cor- porum cavernosorum. Incomplete connective fissue partition between the right and left cor- pora cavernosa. Fascia citoridis. Connective tissue layer cover- ing the clitoris. | Urethra feminina. Female urethra. Canal for passage of urine in females, about 2.5 to 4 cm | Jong.D | External opening of female urethra. Ostium | turethrae externum femininae. It is situated | 2-3 embelow the clitoris. A Tunica muscularis. Layerof female urethra con- sisting primarily of circular smooth muscle fibers. D | Tunica spongiosa. submucosal layer of erectile | tissue containing a plexus of veins. Tunica mucosa. Mucous coat of the Teale | urethra. Thepartieavingthe bladderislined with | transitional epithelium, the more distal part by | stratified columnar epithelium. D | Urethral glands. Gil. urethrales. Small mucous | ‘glands opening into the urethra. D Urethral lacunae. Lacunae urethrales. Small pits in the urethral mucosa into which the urethral glands open. D 20 a 2 2B 24 25 26 ea 29 30 a 32 3 34 Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. > 2000 Poraurethral duct. (Ductus paraurethrales| Glandular duct, 1-2 em long, which opens into the female urethra near the urethral orifice. D Urethral crest. Crista urethralis.A thick longi- tudinal fold in the posterior wall of the female urethra. D EMBRYOLOGICAL ontogenetica. Decidual membranes. [Membranae deciduae] Mucous membranes ofthe pregnant uterus. Decidua parietolis. Mucosalliningofthepartof the uterine wall nt occupied by the embryo. Decidua capsularis. Uterine mucosa between the embryo and the uterine cavty.C Decidua basalis. Mucous membrane between the embryo and the uterine wall. C Placenta. Organ of metabolic interchange be- {ween mother and fetus. It consists of tropho- blast and uterine mucosa (endometrium). Uterine port. [Pars uterina] Part of the placenta consisting of the basal plate (decidua basalis) and placental septa. E Fetal part. [Pars fetalis]. Part of the placenta consisting of the chorion and amnion. E Umbilical cord. Funiculus umbilicalis. Cord derived from the embryological connecting stalk E Primordial kidney. Mesonephros. Develops subsequent tothe pronephros and is involved in the development of the permanent meta- nephros. B Mesonephric [Wolffian] duct. Ductus mesone- phricus. Excretory duct formed by the prone- phros. tt forms the ductus deferens in the male. B Paramesonephric [Millerian]} duct. Ductus paramesonephricus. Duct formed by an epithelial invagination lateral to the mesone- phrieduct Itgives ise tothe uterus,uterine tube anda part ofthe vagina. B Primitive urogenital sinus. Sinus urogenitalis primitivus. Anterior portion ofthe cloaca sepa- Tated by the embryonicurorectal septum. Itgives rise to the inferior pole of the urinary bladder, ‘urethra and vestibule ofthe vagina. B TERMINOLOGY. Nomina hieme Urogenital system_173 EB External female genitalia, [Hi Development of the with pubic bone female urogenital system 26 oy Pry Gravid uterus, 30 schematic 16 15:17 Bi Female urethra Ey Placenta, schematic Feneis, Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy © 2000 Thieme All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license. 174 Urogenital system 1 10 t 2 B 4 18 16 v 18 PERINEUM, Segment between anus and geni- | 19 talia Perineal raphe. Raphe perinealis, Raphe along the medial line ofthe perineum; itis continuous with the scrotal raphe. Perineal muscles. Musculi perinei (perineales). Perineal body.Centraltendonofperineum.Cen- | 21 trum tendineum perinei. Tough fibromuscular mass nthe median plane ofthe perineum where the perineal muscles unite between the rectum and vagina or urethra. A PELVIC. DIAPHRAGM. Diaphragma pelvis. | 23 Muscular floor of pelvis formed mainly by the le vvator ani muscle. AB | 24 M. levator ani. Funnel-shaped muscle extend- | ing from the pubis and obturator fascia to the anusand the anococeygeal ligament. : Pudendal nerve and $3-4. AB 1M. pubococcygeus. Fibers of the levator ani passing from the pubis to the perineal body, sphincter ani muscle and coccyx. AB M. levator prostatae (m. pubovoginali bers of the pubococcygeus muscle radiating into the fascia of the prostate or the wall of the vagina. A M. puborectalis. Muscle running posteriorly from the pubis and looping around the perineal flexure ofthe rectum. A M. iliococcygeus. Muscle passing from the ten- finous arch of the levator ani to the coccyx and the anococcygeal ligament. AB | Tendinous arch of levator ani muscle. Arcus | tendineus m, levatoris anil. Arched tendinous | 78 thickening ofthe obturator fascia atthe origin of the levator ani. AB | Anococcygeal ligament. Lig. anococcygeum. | Tough connective tissue tract between the anus | and coccyx. AC 2 IM. coccygeus. Fan-shaped muscle fibers pass- | ingfromtheschialspine tothe lateral surfacesof | the sacrum and coceyx. They are fused with the | 20 22 25, 26 2 sacrospinous ligament. I: S4-5.A, M, sphincter ani externus. External anal sphincter. Skeletal muscle that consists of the three parts listed below. I: Pudendal nerve. BC Subcutaneous part. Pars subcutanea. Moresu- perficial portion of the external anal sphincter radiating into the dermis in front of and behind the anus. BCSee p. 177B ‘Superficial part. Parssuperfcialis.Fibersofex- ternal anal sphincter which spread out between the perineal body and the anococcygeal liga- ment.BC Deep part. Pars profunda. Purely circular por- tionoftheexternalanal sphincterwhichattainsa height fo3-4 cm.BC Pelvic fascia. Fascia pelvis. Connective tissue covering ofthe pelvic viscera and the pelvic wall Itis the caudal continuation of the transversalis fascia. Parietal pelvic fascia. Fascia pelvis parietal. Portionofthepelvicfascialiningthepelvicwall.A B Obturator fascia, Fascia obturatoria. Especially strong portion of the pelvic fascia situated onthe obturator internus muscle. AB Visceral pelvic (endopelvic) fascia. Fascia pelvis visceralis [[endopelvinal]. Portion ofthe pelvic fascia that invests the pelvic viscera. B Prostatic fasca, Fascia prostatae. Fascia of pros- tate which fuses with the surrounding tissues. C Peritoneoperineal fascia, Fascie peritoneoper- inealis. Collective term for 24 and 25. Rectovesical septum. Septum rectovesicale. Connective tissue partition between the rectum, and urinary bladder. tis a part ofthe pelvic and prostatic fascia. C Rectovaginal septum. Septum rectovaginale. ‘Connective tissue partition between the rectum, ‘and vagina. It isa partof the pelvic fascia Superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm. Fascia

    You might also like