Billingsley, Hernandez 1

Louis Armstrong: The Jazz Legend

Junior Group Website
Janae Billingsley and Audree Hernandez

Primary Sources

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"DownBeat: The Great Jazz Interviews - A 75th Anniversary Anthology." All About Jazz.
Web. 25 Oct. 2014. <http://www.allaboutjazz.com/downbeat-the-great-jazz-interviews-a-75thanniversary-anthology-by-florence-wetzel.php#.VEkTgceJOuY>.
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Contains interviews from jazz artists. This is only a summary of what the book

is about so we might need a hard copy. Theres one that Im specifically looking for
regarding Louis, I think it was said by J.J. Johnson.
"Louis Armstrong House Museum - Multimedia." Louis Armstrong House Museum Multimedia. Web. 25 Oct. 2014.
<https://www.louisarmstronghouse.org/louie_armstrong/multimedia.htm >.
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This has a better outline and actual sources because this is from a museum just

on him. Can easily pull songs and videos from here.

Louis Armstrong | The 20 Most Influential Americans of All Time | TIME.com."
NewsFeed The 20 Most Influential Americans of All Time Comments. Web. 25 Oct. 2014.
<http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/07/25/the-20-most-influential-americans-of-alltime/slide/louis-armstrong/>.
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This is more about his life. Doesnt really give much about his legacy within

music, it only recognizes him. Maybe we could insert a quote from TIME magazine
since most people see this as a huge reliable source. We also used a photo from this
source.

"Jazz: W. W. Norton StudySpace." Chapter 6: Louis Armstrong and the First Great
Soloists. Web. 25 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.wwnorton.com/college/music/jazz/ch/06/outline.aspx>.

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This is a great guide that we can use to make sure we talk about his legacy

within jazz instead of his actual life. They provide a song from the hot five that would
be primary, so later wed have to mention that in our bib.
"Louis Armstrong." Biography. Web. 23 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/louis-armstrong-302.php >.
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This again is about his life. Says that when its sleepy down down south is his

theme song
Shapiro, Nat, and Nat Hentoff. "Edmond Hall." Hear Me Talkin' to Ya; the Story of Jazz
as Told by the Men Who Made It. New York: Dover Publications, 1966. 22. Print.
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"Louis Armstrong and Buddy [Petit] played a lot of funerals together, by the

way." He talks about a man named Buddy that was close to Armstrong. We can use this
to see: why Armstrong stopped working with him to solo Jazz and/or if Armstrong was
influenced by Buddy.
Shapiro, Nat, and Nat Hentoff. "Louis Armstrong." Hear Me Talkin' to Ya; the Story of
Jazz as Told by the Men Who Made It. New York: Dover Publications, 1966. 43-44. Print.
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"I would delight delivering an order of stone coal to the prostitute who used to

hustle in her crib right next to Pete Lala's cabaret... Just so's I could hear King Oliver
play... I was too young to go into Pete Lala's at the time... And I just stand there in that
lady's crib listening to King Oliver... And I'm all in a daze." Armstrong talks about a
figure in his life that he used to adore when he was young. This is also a source of
information that may lead us to find out why and how he started Jazz music as his
genre. We can also use this to see how King Oliver influenced Armstrong.

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"Louis Armstrong Timeline."Louis Armstrong Timeline. Web. 25 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.datesandevents.org/people-timelines/27-louis-armstrong-timeline.htm>.
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This is a timeline regarding important events in his life. We may not be able to

use it as much but this will give us a basic outline of his life as a whole. This can help
us show some background to why he is in that genre.
PBS. PBS. Web. 25 Oct. 2014. <http://www.pbs.org/jz/time/>.
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This gives a mini timeline of jazz over time. You could find something further

in depth but this place has some videos about jazz so we can use this link to get back to
that for help on more historical context before jazz came into place.
http://www.pbs.org/jazz//kids/time/1700.html
Daniels, Patricia. "What Do You Know About Louis Armstrong?" About. Web. 06 Nov.
2014. <http://history1900s.about.com/od/people/a/Louis-Armstrong.htm>.
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This source describes has some information about what Louis Armstrong did

during some important events (such as World War 2 and The Great Depression). We can
use this for some of our background information to explain how he continued to inspire
and spread his music to others when times weren't their best.
TJ. "Trumpet History by Great Jazz Trumpet Players." Jazz Music History. Web. 11 Nov.
2014. <http://www.jazz-music-history.com/trumpet-history.html>.
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This source provided us with a list of great trumpet players before and after

Louis Armstrong.
Cooker, Jerermy. "Birthplace of Jazz." Birthplace of Jazz. New Orleans Tourism
Marketing Corporation, n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.neworleansonline.com/neworleans/music/musichistory/jazzbirthplace.html>.

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This information is another small biography of Armstrong from his hometown,

New Orleans, Louisiana.

"Louis Armstrong Centennial - Satchmo Photo Gallery." Louis Armstrong Centennial Satchmo Photo Gallery. Satchmo.com, n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.satchmo.com/louisarmstrong/gallery1.html>.
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This source provided us with some pictures to use in our project. From this

website we used the Ebony magazine cover featuring Louis Armstrong.

Householder, Mike. "The Origins of Jim Crow." Jim Crow Museum: Origins of Jim Crow.
Associated Press, 19 Apr. 2012. Web. 10 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.ferris.edu/Jimcrow/origins.htm>.
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From this website we used the turkey photo for our project.

"The Harlem Renaissance." Ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association, n.d. Web. 11

Nov. 2014. <http://www.ushistory.org/us/46e.asp>.
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This article provided us with a small amount of information of how Armstrong

contributed during the Harlem Renaissance.

Schuman, Michael. Louis Armstrong: "Jazz Is Played from the Heart" Berkeley Heights,
NJ: Enslow, 2008. 7-111. Print.
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(Secondary) This book goes into dept of Louis Armstrongs life more than our

secondary sources. We were able to get more precise dates, and precise information on
different events that occurred during Armstrongs life.

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"Phoebe Jacobs, NYPL Jazz Oral History." YouTube. YouTube. Web. 03 Dec. 2014.
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8bK-6AhJQmg>
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We used this video as a source to explain how Louis inspired others through is

positive mindset.
Bennett, Lerone. "Louis Armstrong." Ebony Pictorial History of Black America. Vol. 5.
Chicago: Johnson, 1973. 262-67. Print. The 1973 Year Book.
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This source provided a brief biography on Armstrong and provided some

pictures that we may use in our documentary. Some important information mentioned
was Armstrong's involvement in the Civil Right's Movement and how people think that
he contributed.
Henderson, Dallas. "Louis Armstrong and Civil Rights - Dallas Henderson."Louis
Armstrong and Civil Rights - Dallas Henderson. Google, n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2014.
<https://sites.google.com/site/dallasahenderson/home/louis-armstrong-and-civil-rights>.
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This source provided us with a lot of information about Armstrong's lifestyle

and some of his styles of presenting his music.

[Photos] "Louis Armstrong: Jazz Ambassador" Play Opens This Weekend."

EBONY. Web. 02 Dec. 2014. <http://www.ebony.com/photos/entertainmentculture/photos-louis-armstrong-jazz-ambassador-play-opens-thisweekend#photo-3>.
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Used some photos from this website.

"Satchmo." Neatorama. Web. 02 Dec. 2014.

<http://www.neatorama.com/2013/01/07/Satchmo/>.
- The picture of the Colored Band Waifs Home came from here.

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"Mourners at Louis Armstrong Funeral Rally Photographic Print by Isaac
Sutton at AllPosters.com." Allposters.com. Web. 02 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.allposters.com/-sp/Mourners-at-Louis-Armstrong-Funeral-RallyPosters_i9209568_.htm>.
- Photos of funerals come from here
"Louis Armstrong: 'The Man and His Music,' Part 2." NPR. NPR. Web. 02 Dec.
2014. <http://www.npr.org/2007/08/08/12484983/louis-armstrong-the-man-andhis-music-part-2>
- Used a Louis Armstrong photo from here. This website also have some good
interviews from Louis Armstrong himself.
"History of Jazz | Black History in America | Scholastic.com." History of Jazz |
Black History in America | Scholastic.com. Web. 30 Nov. 2014.
<http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/history_of_jazz.htm>.
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This website explains the evolution of Jazz and how Armstrong was involved in

improvising jazz solos.

Armstrong's Film Roles."Armstrong's Film Roles. Web. 02 Dec. 2014.
<http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug99/graham/roles.html>.
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This website explains Armstrongs film roles starting in the 1930s.

New Orleans Celebrate the Life of Armstrong." Intercontinental New Orleans. N.p., 14
July 2014. Web. 3 Dec. 2014. <\http://experiencetherebirth.com/new-orleans-celebratesthe-life-of-louis-armstrong/>.
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This website describes an event in New Orleans that celebrates Louis

Armstrongs Birthday.
Hudson, Sara. "Satchmo SummerFest: A New Orleans Style Birthday Bash."
GoNOLA.com. N.p., 22 July 2013. Web. 03 Dec. 2014.

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<http://www.gonola.com/2013/07/22/satchmo-summerfest-a-new-orleans-style-birthdaybash.html>.
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This website describes an event in New Orleans used to celebrate Louis

Armstrongs birthday.
"New York Public Library Archive Project 2013." New York Public Library Archive
Project 2013. N.p., 23 Aug. 2013. Web. 03 Dec. 2014.
<http://dhcfellow2013nypl.wordpress.com/>.
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We used the website for their photo of the statues in the Louis Armstrong Park.

"The Pop History Dig - a Collection of Short Stories about Popular Culture - Its History,
Its People, and Its Power." The Pop History Dig - a Collection of Short Stories about
Popular Culture - Its History, Its People, and Its Power. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/wonderful-world-armstrong/>.
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We used the statue photo from this website.

Wynn, Ron. "LOUIS ARMSTRONG Greatest Performances of the '30s, '40s, '50s and
'60s - American Songwriter." American Songwriter. N.p., 1 July 2008. Web. 03 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.americansongwriter.com/2008/07/louis-armstrong-greatest-performances-ofthe-30s-40s-50s-and-60s/>.
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We used the magazine cover from this website.

Rainbow, Jackie. "Playboy Magazine September 1954 Louis Armstrong, Gina

Lolabrigida." Playboy Magazine September 1954 Louis Armstrong, Gina Lolabrigida.

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Playboy, 1954. Web. 03 Dec. 2014.
<http://www.dtmagazine.com/cmopg1924/pb954.html>.
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We used the playboy magazine cover from here

Woodward, C. Vann. The Strange Career of Jim Crow. New York: Oxford UP, 1974.
Print.
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From this book we were able to find a lot of information about the background

of the Jim Crow era.

Jones, Max, and John Chilton. Die Louis-Armstrong-Story: 1900-1971. Freiburg (im
Breisgau), Basel, Wien: Herder, 1972. Print.
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We used many photos from this site and some quotes.

George, Charles. Life under the Jim Crow Laws. San Diego: Lucent, 2000. Print.
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Learned more information about Jim Crow.