o ngc Watermarking

s dng thng tin thng

k
Nhm 33
on Anh Dng 1241317
Chiu Khi Ho 1242043

Ni dung
Gii thiu
Phng php xut
Cng thc ton
Qu trnh nhng
Qu trnh rt trch
li

Gii thiu
o ngc watermarking cn c gi l che giu thng tin khng mt mt d
liu.
Chia thnh cc phng php nhng sau:
Nhng s dng thng tin bc nh.
Nhng theo khong trng bng cch nn cc phn c chn ca bc nh.
Nhng theo phng php m rng.
Mt s phng php khc nh da vo s tinh chnh Histogram.

Hu ht cc thut ton o ngc watermarking u c mt im yu c hu,

l lm thay i mt cht nh nhng th s gy kh khn trong qu trnh
rt trch, c khi tht bi.

Phng php xut

gii quyt im yu ca o ngc watermarking, c hai phng
php:
Nhng c trn mt khi
nh b ct mt gc, th c th khi phc d liu nhng bng mt li lin kt.

Phng php nghch o

D liu nhng ph thuc vo v tr trn bc nh, bng cch s dng thng tin thng k
xc nh v tr nhng vo.

Cc cng thc ton

Cng thc nhng:

Pwkd P An d n As d s Ae d e Aw d w w
Trong : d* P P*,

* {n, s, e, w}

An , As , Ae , Aw

: contribution factors

Cng thc rt trch:

P Pwkd An Pn As Ps Ae Pe Aw Pw
M P [ w]
Trong :

M An As Ae Aw 1

iu kin nhng

0 P ( An d n As d s Ae d e Aw d w ) w 255

Qu trnh nhng
Message
:
1
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0

1
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

P
P

P )] [w]

wkd

P [ An ( P Pn ) As ( P P s ) Ae ( P Pe) Aw ( P

wkd

162 [0 * (162 0) 6 * (162 162) 2 * (162 162) 0 * (162 0)] [1] 163

Stego

Cover
162

162

162

161

162

163

162

167

153

166

162

162

162

161

162

163

162

171

144

171

162

162

162

161

162

162

162

176

133

176

162

162

162

161

162

162

162

181

123

181

162

162

162

161

162

162

162

186

113

186

Qu trnh rt trch
163

162

167

153

166

163

162

171

144

171

162

162

176

133

176

162

162

181

123

181

162

162

186

113

186

Cng thc tnh kh nng nhng

E
N E
C
log 2 ( M )
log 2 ( M 1)
2N
2N
E l s pixel c th nhng
N l s cp pixel

 li
1
2
VARP ( Pavr P* )
3 *{n , w, s ,e}
Trong :

Pavr ( Pn Pw Pe Ps ) / 4

Mi quan h gia li v tiu chun lch ca cc pixel

ln cn ca bc nh Lena

Kh nng nhng bc nh Lena

END