Comparison of Flexible and Rigid Pavement

Flexible Pavements

Rigid Pavements

1. Deformation in the sub grade is

transferred to the upper layers
2. Design is based on load distributing
characteristics of the component
layers

1. Deformation in the subgrade is not

transferred to subsequent layers

3. Have low flexural strength

2. Design is based on flexural strength or

slab action

4. Load is transferred by grain to grain

contact

3. Have high flexural strength

5. Have low completion cost but

repairing cost is high
6. Have low life span (High
Maintenance Cost)
7. Surfacing cannot be laid directly on
the sub grade but a sub base is
needed
8. No thermal stresses are induced as
the pavement have the ability to
contract and expand freely
9. Thats why expansion joints are not
needed
10. Strength of the road is highly
dependent on the strength of the sub
grade
11. Rolling of the surfacing is needed
12. Road can be used for traffic within 24
hours
13. Force of friction is less Deformation in
the sub grade is not transferred to the
upper layers.
14. Damaged by Oils and Certain
Chemicals

4. No such phenomenon of grain to grain

load transfer exists
5. Have low repairing cost but completion
cost is high
6. Life span is more as compare to flexible
(Low Maintenance Cost)
7. Surfacing can be directly laid on the sub
grade
8. Thermal stresses are more vulnerable to
be induced as the ability to contract and
expand is very less in concrete
9. Thats why expansion joints are needed
10. Strength of the road is less dependent on
the strength of the sub grade
11. Rolling of the surfacing in not needed
12. Road cannot be used until 14 days of
curing
13. Force of friction is high
14. No Damage by Oils and Greases

Rigid versus Flexible Pavement Design

December 22nd, 2011 roanderson Public Sector Solutions
Generally when discussing the topic of pavement there are two main categories to consider, rigid
and flexible. As with most things in engineering there are pros and cons to each of these types
and one may be selected over another depending on the specific needs of a project. Some main
points to consider when weighing the two types are:
Rigid pavements are typically distribute wheel loads over a wide area of the subgrade as shown
on the left side of the exhibit below and consists generally of cement concrete and may be
reinforced with steel. Other rigid pavement characteristics include:

Design life typically 30+ years

Equivalent unit cost approximately $6 $8 per SF

Lower maintenance costs

High flexural strength

Strength of road less dependent on strength of sub-grade

Low ability to expand and contract with temperature and therefore need expansion joints

High ability to bridge imperfections in sub-grade

Flexible pavements typically distribute wheel loads to lower layers of the pavement section as
shown on the right side of the exhibit below and consists generally of bituminous material. Other
flexible pavement characteristics include:

Design life typically 10 20 years

Equivalent unit cost approximately $2 $3 per SF

Costs tied closely to price of oil

Higher maintenance costs

Low flexural strength

Strength of road highly dependent on strength of sub-grade

High ability to expand and contract with temperature and therefore do not need
expansion joints

Low ability to bridge imperfections in sub-grade