Professional Documents
Culture Documents
النصارى
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Schp s Theologie und
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The Electronic Bible Society CD-ROM, Volume 1, The Early Church Fathers and Other Works,
Dallas, Texas 1995.
Bar Ilan University - Responsa Project. Distributed by Torah Educational Software. Nanuet, NY
(1994).
* - .
:
) (1984
:
B. Altaner - A. Stuiber , Patrologie
Ante - Nicene Christian Library
Aspects du Judo- Christianisme
O.Bardenhewer,Geschichteder altkrichlichen
Literatur (1913-1932).
Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
Biblische Zeitschrift
Catholic Encyclopedia
Corpus Christianorum
Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum
Dictionnaire de Thologie Catholique
Epistula
Epiphanius
Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics(Hastings)
Eusebius
Die Griechischen Christlischen Schriftschteller
Historia Ecclesiastica
E.Hennecke(W.Schneemlcher) New Testament
Apocrypha(1963)
Harvard Theological Review
Hebrew Union Collage Annual
Journal of Biblical Literature
Journal of Jewish Studies
Jewish Quartely Review
Flavius Josephus
Journal of Theological Studies
A.F.J.Kligin - Reinink, Patristic Evidence for
Jewish Christian Sects (1973).
Liber Annuus
G.W.H.Lampe , A Patristic Greek Lexicon(1961)
C.T.Lewis and C. Short, A Latin Dictionary (1969)
Altaner
ANCL
Aspects
Bardenhewer
BJRL
BZ
Cath.Ency.
CC
CSEL
DTC
Ep
Epiph.
ERE
Eus.
GCS
HE
H-S
HTR
HUCA
JBL
JJS
JQR
Jos.
JTS
KR
LA
Lampe
Lewis and
Short
H. G. Liddel, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, Greek-English Liddel-Scott
Lexicon (1968)
E. B. Nicholson, The Gospel according to the Nicholson
Hebrews (1879)
Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
ODCC
pan.
PG
PL
PO
Quasten
RAC
RB
REJ
RGG
RSR
ThDNT
ThZ
TLZ
TU
VC
ZATW
ZNTW
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22
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) .Epiphanius, pan. 19; 53 ( .Eusebius HE VI 38 W. Brandt, Elchasai (1912); :
H. Waits, Das Buch des Elchasai, in Harnack-Ehrung (1921), 87 - 104; G. Strecker, Elkasai in RAC IV
(1959), C. 1171 - 1187; E. Rudolph, Die M nder, I (1960), 233 , n. 4; J. Irmscher in H-S II (1965), 745 -
750; K - R, 54 - 67; A. Harnack, History of Dogma I (1961), 304... 308; id., TLZ 37(1912), c. 683 - 685
(review of Brandt); H. J. Sch ps, Theologie, 325f; id., Elkesaiten in RGG II (1958), 435; G. Barillie,
. Elcesaites in DTC 4(1911), 2233 - 2239
48
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57
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q.o.p.l
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Essaios .Hilgenfeld, Ketzergeschichte, 427, n. 727; :
Wirthmller, Der Nazor . er, 12; Schp , Theologie, 10
) 138 99 (Judentum u. Judenchristentum (1886) 27 - 28
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3 5 .28 .div. haer. liber 36
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Rundschau 14 (1911) , 373 - 385; H. Scgder in Theol. Dict. of the NT 4(1942) , 879 ; B. G
. rtner , Horae Soederblomianae 4(1957), 20
)(50
). Bugge , art. cit., 174 (50
65
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:
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.(54) i
)(51
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)(52
). C. Guignebert, Jnsus (London, 1935), 79 - 89 (52
)(53
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. 25
)(54
)(54
Hilgenfeld, Ketzergeschichte, 426; Brandt, op. cit., 116 ; Bacon, Studies in Matthew
(London, 1930), 163; M. Black, BJRL 41 (1958 / 9), 299 ; M. Simon, St. Stephen and the
Hellenists in the Primitive Church (London, 1958), 93f; E. Meyer, Ursprung u. Anf nge des
66
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67
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Nazorei ) Nazirites
(
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Pentateuch
. Black
).(57
). ZATW 43 (1925) 24 - 28 (57
)(58
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)(59
)(59
. R. Macuch Alter und
Heimat des Mand ismus nach meuerschlossenen Quellen, TLZ 82 (1957) , 401 - 408
68
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Nazarenes .
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.A. Fortesque, Apollinarism in ERE 1(1908) :
71
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.
.
.
. de viris illustribus 3 : ] [
.
)(7
). ep. 84, 3(PL 22, 745) (7
)(8
). ep. 127 7(PL 22, 1091) (8
)(9
) Kelly, 134f, and J. Wilkinson, Lapport de saint Jrme (9
. (1974), 245 - 257
la topographie, RB 81
72
) .(10 .
380 - 372
) 377 - 375 ( .
.
.
)
.(11
.
) .(12 .
)(10
)(10
PL 23,613
)(11
)(12
.
Chalcis ) .(ep. 125,12A. Schmidtke, Neue :
. Fragmente und Untersuchungen zu den judenchristlichen Evangelien (TU 37 - 1911), 248
)(12
73
.
Chalcis
.
.
.
).(13
Schmidtke
. ) (14
.
) .(15
.
)(13
) (13
) 385 382 4 - 393
( . : .207 - 197
.
)(14
)(15
)(15
G. Bardy, St. Jrme et l vangile selon les Hbreux, Mlange de Science Religieuse 3(1946), 29 - 30
,; P. Vielhaucer in H-S I, 134f; M. Lagrange . vangile selon les Hbreux, RB 31 (1922), 321 - 349
74
) .(16
.
- ).(17
.
.
:
)(16
)(17
) (17 :
75
) .(18 (19)Veilhauer
:
- 1
.
- 2
.
- 3 .
:
.Chalcis
) (
. ) (4:5 386/7
.
) ( . 386
) .(20
)
) .((21 390
.
) .(22
)(18
). de vir. ill. 2,3; in Mic. 7,6; in Matth. 12,13 (18
)(19
). Jewish Christian Gosples in H-S I, 126 - 136 (19
76
.
) (nuper 391 .(23)392
. 392
) .(24 405 .406
.
).(25
.
) .(26
.
)(20
). Kelly, 135 (20
)(21
) . Vielhauer, art. cit. 132 (21
.
) (
.
.
)(22
) (22.Praef. in lib. Sam. et Malachim (PL 28, 547 - 558, 555 - 557); Kelly, 161 :
77
.
) .(27
) .(28 .
.
)(23
). in Micha 7,57 (CC 76, 513), Is., prol. 65(CC 73A, 741) (23
)(24
). de vir. ill 135(PL 23,718) (24
)(25
) (25 TU 255 37
.
)(26
)(26
-
-) . . ) Hiernymus, O. Zckler- 473 (1865
.(476 ) (Grtzmacher, Jerome ERE 7(1914), 497 - 500
.
. . F. J. de Sigenza . .
) ,B. W. Bacon Studies in Matthew.479 - 478 162 (1930
78
)(27
). Kelly, 65, 302, 334 (27
)(28
). Bacon, loc. cit., n. 24 (28
)(29
). in Matth. 12,13 (29
)(30
) (30. adv. Pelag. III 2 :
79
.
:
.
- - .
. .
.
(32)404 :
.
.
)(31
)(31
. . E. B. Nicholson ,The Gospel According to the Hebrews
) 104 77 - 28 (1879
. in Matth 6 11 K-R 48
.
)(32
). ep. 112 , 13 (32
80
. 21-17 :29
(
. (34)9-6 :31 :
.
3-1 :11 .
) (
)19:1 :(9:2
: ).(35
) (36
) ( ) (37 :398
!
.
)(33
). CC 73 , 380 (33
)(34
). CC 73, 404 (34
)(35
). CC 73, 147f (35
81
.
.
58-53 :13 .
.
)(38
. ) Un :(54:13
]:?de huic supientia haec virutes [ stultitia
]: Nazarenorum [ .
: .
.
.
.
)(36
)(36
)(37
). 13 53 - 54 (37
)(38
) (38 24:4 57:13
) .(16:4
82
) (39
) (40)(9:30
)( . .
.
.
. .
.
) (41
)(42 ) .(43
)(39
). .TU 37, 252 f (39
)(40
). GCS 25, 34 (40
)(41
) (41
. ep. 112 , 13; in Amos 1. 11 - 12; in Is. 5. 18 - 19; 49. 7; 52. 4 - 6; in Hiez. 16. 13 : .
83
(44)Beroea
).(45
:
. 398
)(42
)(43
)(43
de vir. ill. 3 ; in Matth. 12. 13; in Is. 11. 1 - 3; 40. 9 - 11; prol. 65; adv. Pelag. III 2; in
. Hiez. 18. 5 - 9 .
)(44
). de vir. ill. 3 (44
)(45
). PL 22, 924 (45
84
) :(46
.
.
.
) (47 .
) 25(
) .(ante annos plurimos
.
) (48 / :
- 1
)(46
). in Matth. 27. 9 - 10 (46
)(47
) (47 ) ) (342 (15 ) (Dial. 72
-
- .
)(48
).comn. in Matth. 117 (PG 13, 1769) (48
85
- 2 )
(scripturm .
) .(49
) in libris suis, qui vel in ecclesiis leguntur, vel apud Judaeos
.(referuntur
)(50
.
.
.
. . :(51)J.M. Lagrange
) Schmidtke, qui prtend si bien connitre la psychologie de
.(Jrme, la bien mal putre
.
:27
aliqum secretam jeremiae
)(49
)(49
ibid
)(50
)(50
)(51
)(51
86
.
10-9
.
. ) (52
).(53
. ) (54
) Secretam Jeremiae scriptum (
] [
.Hiermiae apocryphum :
... ... .
)(52
). p. 343(52
)(53
) (53
) 9:27
(
.
)(54
) (54 .
87
- - .
.
.
Nazarenae sectae Hebraeus
.
:
.
) .(55
:
14:8
.
.
.
]
[ .
).(56
)(55
)(55
88
.
) .(57
) .(ep.112,13
.
. ..
F.C. Burkitt ) (58
.
.
.
.
) (59 Iosue )
( .
)(56
). CC 73A, 116 (PL 24, 119) (56
)(57
) (57. in Hiez. 16. 16; in Jer. 3. 14 - 16 :
)(58
). op. cit., 73 (58
89
) (Jamnia (60)70 .
) .(135-132 .
.
) .(61
) (
) (Aquilla .
) (62
) (Ioseph Galilaeus
)(59
) (59 .
)(60
) (60,J. Neusner, A Life of Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkia (Leiden 1970); G. Alon :
)) .219 - 252 ,(Tel. Aviv, 1957
. (id., Jews, Judaism and the Classical World (Jerusalem, 1977), 269 - 313 :
)(61
). op. cit., 123 (61
)(62
) (62 ) ad captivitaten Hierusalem (
- 135 70 art cit., 291.
90
.
.
. .
.
. ) 34:5 (3:22
. 14:8
. .
) (
) .(63
)(63
) (63..Justin, First Apology, 31; Eus., Chronicon 283 (GCS 77, 201) :
A. Rubinstein, JJS , :
.(1955), 26 - 34; S. Zeitlin, JQR 45 (1954), 11 J. L. Teicher, JJS :
4(1953), 134; G. Vermes, Les Manuscrits du Desert de Juda (1953), 201, n. 4; E. Testa,
.Euntes Docete 10(1957), 281 - 284
91
) (64.
) (65 .
.
.
.
) .(66
) (
.
) (67 .
.
)(64
) (64 de mens et pond 14 .
)59 . (2 .71 11:1 . -
- .
.
)(65
) (65 A. Oppenheiner, Meir in Encyclopedia Judaica 11(1971) : .
)(66
) (66 Recognitions 67 - 65 I (PG 1, 1242ff) -
) ( . )17 (H - S I, 470
Acta Pilati ).(H - S. I, 508 - 510
92
.
.
.
) ( .
]
[ )(
)() (68) . :
( .
)( )( . ) = (
) = (
) = (.
. . (69)G.F.Moore
.
)(67
)T. Brach. 28 b (67 .
)(68
) (68
.
. l r . .Rokeah
.
.
93
. ) (70
) 35( )( =
)71
)(
( .
) (et usque ad Captivatatem Hierusalem Iosue :
.
.
10:8 )
( inite consilium, et dissipabitur :
.ad Locum dissipare )
(.. ) (72
)(69
). Judaism,III,56 (69
)(70
)(70
)(71
)(71 .
)(72
) (72 : 33:8 42:14 49:8 . 61:4
94
: )( = .
.
.
. ) sanctificate :( ) (13
) sanctificationem ( ) (14 )( )(
. ) profanus ( )
( ) .(73 )(74
.
.
] qui factus sit eis in ruinamet scandalum [
)(75
. in petram scandali in
ruinam .
.
)(73
) (73 : 26:22 15:48 ) 10:10 :
(.
)(74
) (74 .
ep. 30 ) .(PL 22, 441 - 445
)( .
.
95
14:8 .
.
. . .
. Yavne
.
.138
. .
) .(76
] [ . .
. .
.
.
.
.
:
)(75
) (75 241
.
,.art. cit
)(76
) (76 14.
96
.
.
.
.
21 - 20: 8
:
: .
.
.
.
.
.
).(77
.
.
.
] traditiones et deuterwseiz [
.
)(77
). CC 73, 121 (PL 24, 123f) (77
97
) .(78
.
):(79
...
.
.
) .(47-29 :5
. Klijin
) .(80
.
.
.
4-1 :9
)(78
) (78 .
)(79
) (79 47 - 54 40:5 : 11 - 10 :17 :9 - 5 :7
.
)(80
)(80
98
:
.
. .
).(81
.
:
- 1 .
- 2 .
)(82
.
.
.
) .(83 .
.
. .
)(81
). CC 73, 123 f (PL 24, 125) (81
)(82
)(82
: .9 - 2 :2 J. Munck, Primitive Jewish Christianity and :
Later Jewish Christianity: Continuation or Rupture in Aspects au Jedo - Christianisme
. (Strasbourg, 1964), 79 - 81, 81
99
) (84
.
.
.(85)16-15 :4
.
.
21-20 :29
) (
). (86
20 21
)] daemones[ ( .
.
)(83
) (83 :. TU 110 37
)(84
). art. cit., 251 (84
)(85
) (85 245 .
100
) (87
) .(88
21-17 .
.
).( 89
.
)(86
). CC 73, 379f (PL 24, 336) (86
)(87
). ad loc. (PG 24, 301 - 304) (87
)(88
).(89
) .Klijn, art cit., 247 (89
.
101
. ) (90
) ( .
][ .1213 :8
Vorlage
)) (91( . ):
( ) .(92
) (93
.
)(90
). TU 37, 113, n. 2 (90
)(91
) (91 30
.
. ) 2 22:34 2 (14:22
.
)(92
) (92 Brown, Driver, Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament :
.III 18:17 32:8
.
102
. .(94)
.
.
) Traditiones(
. 21-20 29
) .(95
.
- .
)(
)(93
)(93
W. Bacher, Die exegetische Terminologie der jdischen Traditions-literatur :
).(Leipzig, 1905), s.v. hn`m (Pt I, 122f
)(94
)(94
.Eus. dem. ev. 6:18 (PG 22, 261); comm. in Is. 1:22 (PG 24, 97); :
Epiph., pan. 13 (PG 41, 237); 15(ibid., 244); Jerome, ep. 121(PL 22, 1033); ep. 18 ad Damas., 20(PL 22,
374); in Is. 59;12ff (PL 24,581); in Ezek. 36: 1f. (PL 25:339); in Hos. 3,1 (PL 25, 842); in Matth 22: 23 (PL
)26: 163) Augustine, contra advers legis et proph. 9,1,1 (PL 42, 637); ibid., 2,2,6 (642
:deuterosinConst Apost. 6,22 (PG 1, 972) Anastasius Sinaita (PG 89, 105); .
)Olympiodrus, in Eccles. 12,12 (PG 93,625 Eus., prep. ev. 12.4 (PG 21, 956); :
).Jerome, ep. 121, 10 (PL 22, 1034); Const. Apost. 1,6,3 (PG 1,573); ibid., 2,5,6 (PG 1, 601
Eus., prep. ev. 11,5 (PG 21, 852); 12,1 (PG 21, 952); Epiph., ad Acacium et Paulum (PG 41, 172); :
pan. 15 (PG 41, 144); Jerome, in Is. 3.14 (PL, 67); in Habac 2.9ff (PL 25, 1297); ibid., 2.15f (PL 25, 1301); in Is.
).10.1ff (PL 24, 133); Procpius, in Is. 22,1 (PG 87, 2176); Jhon Damas., haer. 14 (PG 94, 685
103
.
)( ) qui praevalebat
(
.
qui praevalebat .
) praevaleo(
....praevalebat qui :
. .
.
qui praevalebat .
.
-
- .
)( ) : ( .
)(
)) (96(.
. ) (97
. )
( ) ! :( . defecerint
. )
)(95
) (95 )Juster (Les Juifs dans lEmpire Romnain (Paris, 1914), I , 375, n.3
) Ant. 13,10,6 (297
] [ ] [
][ . .
104
:
.
.
)(96
) (96 . ][
.. Bacher, op. cit., Pt II, 241, s.v.ant :
)(97
) (97 . : 33
)
(279 . 63 .
.H. Strack, Intrudction to Talmud :
and Midrash (New York, 1978), 12 - 20; S. Liebermann, The Publication of the Mishnah,
.Hellenism in Jewish Palestine (1950), 83 - 99
)(98
) (98
.
.
105
.
.
.
).(100
.
. .
.
).(102
) (101
).(99
) (99 )
( ) 19:29 ( ]
[ .
).(100
). CC 73, 404 (PL 24, 357) (100
)(101
).op. cit., 117: Eph 2:2 4; Rom 16:2 (101
).(102
) (102 .16:9
106
. ) ) (non vestris viribus sed misericoria Dei
(
. 1:9.
. .
. ) Ecclesiae vectigales ( .
)103
) ( ecclesia
( . )(
)() (
.
Synogogae
) (104)vectigales ( . -
- .
.
) . (105 : .
:
).(103
) (103 ][ .
. : .14:5
)(104
) (104
.
107
.
.
- - .
.
. )
( .
- -
.
.
) . (106
.
.
)(105
) (105 ] [
:18:6 .
)(106
) (106 .
.
108
.
.
:
) (1 Brescia ) .(397
(2)diversarum haereseom liber ) 385 380
- (390 -
150 . .
)
() .(3
)(1
Philaster ." Bardy, DTC
12(1935), 1398f; J. Krans, Lexikon f. Theol. u. Kirche 4(1960), 124f; M. Pellegrino,
.Encyclopedia Cattolica 5 (1950), 1291f; Bradenhewer, III, 481 - 485
)(1
)(2
)(2
109
.
(4)Lightfoot .
. ) (5
. E. Miller 1851 ) Philosophumena
(
- . . . - (6) J.J.I. Dollinger .
) Philisophumena
( . ) (7
Syntagma ) Compendium( . 32
)(3
). ODCC Philaster, 1709 (3
)(4
). J. B. Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers I, 2, 413ff (4
)(5
). Eus. HE VI 22; Jerome, de vir. ill. 61(PL 23,671) (5
)(6
). Hippolytus und Kallistus (1853) (6
110
) (9
) Praes. haer (
) ( .
Philosophumena
.
)(7
). Myriobilon sive Bibliotheca CXXI (PG 103, 401f) (7
)(8
). Hipp., Refutation of all Heresies I:1 (8
)(9
) (9 .Quellenkritik
111
.
) . (10 :
- 1 )(
.
- 2 .
.
: ) (
.
. )
12( .
.
)(10
) (10 Nasaraioi
) .Nazorei : Nazaraioi ) (PG 41, 257 Nazarei
( .
: -
- ) (
. )
( VIII . .
.
. .
. )
( )
( . .
28 . ) (
.
Ophites Cainites .Sethites .
112
). (11
) adversus omnes haereses (12
) . (13
21 )
( . 18
.
) . (14
.
)(11
). Photius, loc. cit.; Altaner, 164 (11
)(12
). PG 7:438-1224 (12
)(13
) (13 Syntagma ) .(Apol. 1 26: 8
)(14
). ODCC, s.v. Irenaeus (14
113
Syntagma
.
) . (15 . . R.M.Grant) (16 ) . (17
) . (18
)
Quatrodecimanism ) (HE 23:5
. (19 190
)(15
)(15
PG6; 1023 - 1168; Altaner, 75 - 77; Bradenhewer, I: 302 - 315; F. Loofs, Theophilus von
Antioch und die anderen theologischen Quellen bei Iren ). .eus (TU 46: 2: 1930
)(16
) Oxford Early Christian Texts (1970) (16 .
)(17
) (17 :
.199; ATR 30(1948), 91 - 94; HTR 42(1949), 41 - 51; HTR 43(1950), 176 - 196
)(18
). HTR 43 (1950), 192f (18
114
) . (20
.
.
)
(
.
) ( .
:
) (21
.
.
)(19
). ibid., 195 (19
)(20
). PG 7: 1228 - 1232 (20
)(21
) (21 .J. Munck, Aspect, 77 - 91
115
.
.
.
:
) (398-313 .
:
.
. .
.
)
( .
.
.
) . (22
.
.
116
) (23) ( .
.
.
:
)(25
) (25 . .
117
) . (26
)(27
405/406
et nunc sunt quidam haeretici qui se Nazarenos vocant
) ( ad huc usque
) persistunt ( )usque ad nostra tempora ( .
-
.
. (28)Symmachians
)
(
.
.
O. J - B. DuRoy .Catholic Encyclopedia 1(1967) 1049 - 1051
)(26
). XIX 17 (PL 24:359 ; CSEL 25: 516) (26
)(27
)(27
)52: 355
)(28
). c. Cresc., loc. cit; c. Faust. XIX: 4; 17 (28
118
. :
). (29
)(30
hi sunt, quos a Faustus Symmchianorum vel Nazaraeorum nomine commemoravit :
) ( .
. 383
Milevis
.
.
.
.
). (31
)(29
). div. haer. liber 63 (PL 12:1122; CS EL 63: 332) (29
)(30
). c. Faust. XIX: 17 (30
)(31
) (31 .
contra Crescionum
.
119
:
- 1 .
- 2 .
- 3 :
:
-
: .
- 4 .
)
(32 ) . (33
.
) ( .
.
)
. (34 .
)(32
)anaceph. 29: de bapt. VII 1, 1; c. Faust XIX 4; de haer. 9 - 1 (32
9: :3 - anaceph. 29
3a - pan.29 5:4; c.Cresc. I 31,36; c.Faust. XIX 4; 17
3b- pan. 29 7:5;c.Faust. XIX 4
de haer.
)(33
)(33
de haer., praef 6(PL 42: 23; CC 46: 288); Altaner, Augastinus und Epiphanius von
120
. .
. ) (habent
) (35
.
.
)
( .
:
)
Praedestinatus
. (36 ) de haeresibus
(.
)(34
) (34
..
).(c. Faust. XIX: 4
)(35
). pan. 30. 16:1 (35
)(36
) .PL53: 587 - 672 (36 Sixtus ). (440 - 432
121
) 393 466 -(
(37)haereticorum fabularum compendim 453
: .
. .
.
:
.
:
47:23 1:2 29:2 . (38)7:3
Ecclesiastical History ) :(272 :3
( ) ( ) ,
: (39)
) ( .
. .
)(37
). II: 2 (PG 83, 389) (37
)(38
) (38
.
)(39
) .PG 20:274 (39 :
).(Cerinthus
122
.
. .
1:2
: .
.
. .
) .(vi , HE :17 ) . (40
.
) :II haer fab () :2 ( .
.
.
)(40
) K - R (40 . .VII dem. evang :1 :
. )
( I adv haer. 2:26 III 11:7 .
123
) (
:
) (41) (.
. .
) (III HE :23 ) (X Comm in Math :17 . 200
] (42)docetic
[ .
)
.
. (43
:
)(41
)(41
pan. 29 9:1
)(42
) (42 ) (HE VI12. 2 - 6
. ) :4(10) :((loc ad.. , H - S
) ( :(19)5 !
.
)(43
) (43 ) TU 37: 119 (
.( PG 13 876 ) 54 :13
.
.
124
.
455 - 535) Eugippius Abbas Africanus(
thesaurus ex s. Augustini operibus
VI: 11 .(44)de baptismo
) Sevill (560 - 636
) etymologiarum libri xx (VIII 9:6 ) . (45)de haeresibus (x
.anacephalaiosis 29
)
) Honorius Augostodunensis (XXIV, de haeresibus libellus )(,de haer libell v
(46 . ) (de haer ,29 )
(47)(liber Scholirum .
)(44
). (PL 62: 888) 226 (44
)(45
). PL 82: 229; K - R, 260 (45
)(46
). PL 172: 236 (Honorius); K - R, 271(Paulus) (46
)(47
). K - R, 266 (47
125
) Redbertus (790-865 (48)expositio in Matheum 2:II ) Corbie
(Amiens ) . (49
) (50
evangelium Nazarenorum
) ( .
) . (51
Paschasius
)(48
). On Mt. 2: 23 = PL 120: 149 (48
)(49
)(49
E. Choisy, Paschase Radbert (1888); H. Peltier in DTC 13(1937); C. 1628 - 1639 (s.v.
)(50
). in Is. 11: 1 - 3; de situ 143; comn. in Matth. I(on Mt. 2:23) (50
)(51
) (51
de vir. ill 3 : in Matth 13:12 25:23 10 - 9 :29
- 3 . .
.
in Is. 11: 1
126
). (52
.
)(
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Philaster
Pseudo-Tertulian
Epiphanius
Hellenism:
Platonists
Pythagoreans
Stoics
Epicireans
)(52
) (52 ) (
. pan. 29: 5: 7 :
.
) Expoitio in Lamentationes (on 4:7, PL 120: 1214f
Nazarei Nazareni
.
127
Herodians
Simon Magus
Meneander
Saturninus
Basilides
Nicolaitians
Gnostici
Borborians
Dositheus
Dositheus
Pharisees
Pharisees
Pharisees
Pharisees
Herodians
Simon Magus
Meneander
Saturninus
Basilides
Nicolaitians
Nazarenes
(Nazaraei)
Essenes
Hellognosti
Frogworshippirs(Ranarum
cultores)
Musorites
Musca-aocaronites
Troglodytes
De Fortuna Caeli
Baalites
Astarites
Moloch-worshipers
De Ara Tophet
Puteorites
Worshipers of the Brazen
Serpent
Worshipers in
subterranean caves
Thammuz-mourners
Baalites(or Belites)
Baal-worshippers
de Pythonissa
Astar and Astarothworshippers
Herodians
Simon Magus
Meneander
Saturninus
Basilides
Nicolaitians
Judaites
Carpocrates
128
Ophites
Cainites
Sethites
Carpocrates
Carpocrates
129
Cernthus
Cernthus
Ebionites
Valentinus
Ptolemaeus
Secundus
Heracleon
Marcus
Colarbasus
Ebionites
Valentinus
Ptolemaeus
Secundus
Heracleon
Marcus
Colarbasus
Cerdon
Marcion
Lucian
Apelles
Cerdon
Marcion
Lucian
Apelles
Tatian
Cataphrygians
Tatian
Cataphrygians
Blastus
Theodotus
Melchizedekites
Praxeas
Theodotus
De Partis et Filii
substantia
Melchizedekites
Noetians
Sabellians
(Praxeans)
(Hermogeniana)
Seleucus
Hermias
Proclianites
(Hermeonites)
Florians
(Carpocratiane)
Quartodecimans
Chillonetites
Alogi
Arians
130
Manichaeans
Patricians
Symmachians
Paul of Samoasata
Photinus
Arians
.
.
.
. .
.
.
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.
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.
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.(
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)(3
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)(4
). stromateis II ix 45:5 (GCS, 137) (4
)(5
). comn. on John II 12(GCS 10:67); in Matth XV 14(GCS 40:389) (5
132
) .(6 ) (
) (7 3 30 ) .(7
) juxta hebraeos ) secundum) .(8
.
.
.
.
)(6
) (6
GCS 183:11) Theophania 12:4 K - R 148 .(op. cit 2 III
HE 16:39 . )
(GCS );James, 3
.(H - S GN18; PG 24:685f
) (de vir. ill. 3 .
.
)(7
).Epiph.: GCS 25:337f; Didymus, comn in Ps. K - R, 198 (7
)(8
) (8 18 .
133
. - -
.
.
.
.
.
.
) (4 9 29
.
.
puzzle.
) (
) .(9
.
)(9
) (9.A. A. T Ehrhardt in Studia Evangelica III (=TU 88 (1984)), 361 :
134
.
.
.
. ) Evangelium
(Nazarenorum
)
. ) Himo of Auxerre (855
(10 .
) .(11
) ( .
.
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860 ) .(12
.
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.
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) (11 . :
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.(963) 4:52 12:53 ) (34:23
.53
135
).(13
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.
.
)(12
). expos. in. ev. Matt II 2(PL 120:149) (12
)(13
) (13 ) (f 282:37 TU
) Petrus Comestor (1179 Hugh of St. Cher
) (1263 I H - S:152 Historia passionis Domini
) ( . . . 1703) J. A. Fabrisius
. . Wirthmller Die Nazor ) er (48 (1864 .
) J. Drusius (1616 . ) M. Sandeus (1656
. H. Grotius, Annotationes in quatuir Evangelica et Acta Apostolorum :
)(in Operum Theologicorum, Tomi II, Vol. I. ] .4 - 5 7 [1679
) R. Simon, Histoire Critique des principaux commentateurs du Nouveau Testament.., 49 .(1693
G. E. Lessing, Neue Hypothese ber die Evangelisten, als bloss menschliche Geschichtschreiber
). betrachtet, in theologischer Nachlass (1778
)(14
). H - S, 132 (14
136
.
:
) (4 9 29
. ) (7 3 30
) ( .
.
.
. )
( .
.
)
( ).(15
. :
de vir. ill. 3; in Matth. 12, 13; 23, 35; in Is. 40,9-11 (=in Ez. 16,13); prol. 65; in Ez. 18, 5-9; adv. Pelag. III
.2
in Is. 11,2
. in Matth 12,13
) de vir.
)(15
) (15 : 7:13 30 )] :( [
- .:
.G. Quispel, VC 11(1957), 140, n. 5
137
138
. (16)Nicholson
.
- - ) .(17
17:5 56 :10 24:15
) ( .
.
.
) .(18
.
:
)(16
).op. cit., 82ff (16
)(17
) (17
-
. .
)(18
). Epiph. pan. 29 7:2 (18
139
.
.
:
. .
.
:
...
:
: .
.
)(19
) (in Is 112
) (8-7 13 30
) .(20
.
) (21
)(19
). H - S 163f. PL, 144f (19
140
) .(22
).(23
:
:
.
)(24
)(in Is 409
13:16 76
) in uno capillorum meorum ( .
II 12
)(20
) (20 .
. .GCS ad. loc. 25 :
)(21
). Epiph. pan. 29 7: 3; Jerome, ep. 112:13; in Is. 31, 6 - 9 (21
)(22
) (22 : .83
)(23
) (23:
. 89 - 104 .
O. Cullmann, The Christology of the New Testament, (London, 1959), 169 38 - 44,
141
) xv: 4 ( .
.
.
) (
) . .(76
.
Nemo autem in hac parte scandelizari debet, quod :
dicatur apud Hebraeos spiritus genere femino, eum nostra lingua appeletur genere masculino, et Graeco
K - R, 225. PL 24:205
)(25
) (25 Martian .ad loc, 24 PL
142
).(26
.
:
:
.
.
: . :
: .
)(27
) (de vir. ill 2
)(26
) (26
) :(H-S GH 1) (386
.
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) (JTS(1920), 310 - 315
. . ) (H-S I: 137 M. R. James
) .(1 1-1 5 ) (H-S I: 137
.
)(27
).H - S. I: 165. PL 23: 611f (27
143
144
.38:24
.
. ) spiritum(
) daemonium (
) (30)( . ) incorparle (
) ( ) .(31
) (32 .
Ignatius ) Polycarp
.(Smyrnaeans ,3
) .(33
) (III HE :36
)(30
) (30 : .74
)(31
). Vielhauer, H - S I: 129 (31 . J. B. Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers II: 2, 294; 296f :
)(32
). de vir. ill 16 (32
145
.
de. vir. ill
.
) (34 .Doctrina Petri
) (35 :
- 1 .
- 2
.
) ( .
.
)(33
) art. cit., 129 (33 : TU 37 256 .62
)(34
). de princ. I praef 8(PG 11: 119) (34
)(35
). op. cit., 295f (35
146
:
... :
:
. :
)( .
: ) ][(
. : :
.
)(36
) (adv. Peleg 32
.
.
) (37 .
Dodd
.
. ) (38
52:2 32:13
)(36
).M.R. James, op. cit., 6; PL 23: 570f (36
)(37
) (37 sermo peccati . sermo
) (
. J. B. Bauer, Sermo Paccati. Hieronymus und das Nazar : er
.evangelium, BZ 4(1960), 122 - 128 22:18
7 .
.
147
. ) (39
. ). (40
.
.
)
( .
.
.
.
)(38
). op. cit., 38 (38
)(39
). op. cit., 81 (39
)(40
) (40 5 4 :18 :30 .2 :7 :29 : )
(145 :
) : (15 - 13 :3
.
148
.
) (
.
149
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): (4
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. :
) (5 : .
. )( :
) (2 ...
. : . G. Dalman
. ) H. Laible Jesus Christ in Talmud.(1891
)(3
) (3:
T. Herford, Chritianity in Talmud and Midrash ,New York, 1950 (1903), 50f, 56f,
151
.
. . :
. : . :
. :
. Sepporis
) (6 Kfar Sechania . :
: ] [18:23 .
. : :
. .
.
)(5
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. . )Eccl.
(Hist. III: 32 : 107
.
)(6
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: ] [8:5
] [6:5 ). (7
. 130
. ) (8 .
109 .
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70
70
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) (8 .142 - 140 )(III HE :32
.
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. ) (10 )(
. )(
) . (11
.
) (12
: ) . (13
)( ) ( )
)(9
) (9
. )(
: 11 ] [.
)(10
). Herford, op. cit., 106, 143 (10
)(11
) (11 .J. Jocz, The Jewish People and Jesus Christ, (Grand Rapids, 1979), 191 :
.
)(12
) (12 .24:2
154
(
.
- .
. ) (
. -
. - - .
. .
:
). (14
)15
(:
)(13
) (13. D. Rokeah, Ben Stara is Ben Pantera, Tarbiz 39 (1969), 9 - 10 :
)(14
) (14 :
Christianity in Talmud and Midrash, London, 1903 :
. Nazareth
R. Travers Herford:
J. Klausner: Jesus of
155
) ( ) (16 )
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. (24) ...
) (1:38
:
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)(19
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.
)(20
) (20 23 - 22 :2 27
40 :2 41 - 14 :14.
157
.
). (25
-:
)(26
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. ))
( - : ( .
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. ) (
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.
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)(28
) (28 .
160
57:
. . .
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. :
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. :
) (
][ .
:
.
.
. :
.
. . :
:
) .(12:60
)(29
) (29
70 .
34 - 33 :11 .
161
Samuel Klein
) = ( ) )(( ) = () . (30
] [ ) . (31
. :
- 1
.
- 2 . .70
- 3 .
.70
- 4 70
) 30(). (32
70
. .
)(30
)Beitr (30 ge zur Geschichte Geographie Galil . as (Leipzig, 1909), 29, n. 4
. .
70
. ) : 3 4 -( .
Encyclopedia of Talmudic Sages and Geonim .
. .
)(31
) (31 27 16 17 - 24 .2 8:1
1 .8:5 : 40 -
41 ..A. Neubauer, La Gographie du Talmud (Paris, 1868), 234f :
162
- .
. :
. :
.
. .
. 70
) . (33 .
bat kol
.
.
. .
.
.
.
)(32
) (32 24 2 7
.
)(33
) (33) Deot 48 (1980), 166 - 170:(
. Yavne Period
163
. ) (34
) (35
) . (36
.
) . (37
. ..
.
) ( .
.
135 . .
. .
). (38
-:
.
.
- - ) .(39
.
.
- .
) (40
)(34
) (34 144 108 - 103 .
164
) . (41
) (42 Friedlander
- ) . (43
) (44
.
) (45
)(35
) (35 M. Goldstein, Jesus in the Jewish Tradition (New York, 1959), 33f : .
Chwolson: Das letzte Passamahl Christi u. der Tag seines Todes (Leipzig, 1908)
99 3 . 116
. . . J. Gutmann: Encyclopedia Judaica 8
) 837 (1931
) (18:3 )
.(4:15 ) Klausner: Jesus of Nazareth 42 - 37 (1929
.62
.
. .
) (
. ) 58( .
60 90
. .
.
)(36
) (36 .. E.K.Winter . Judaica 9 (1953),17:
165
) (46 .
) . (47
.
.
-.
)(37
) (37 24:2 16 17 -.
)(38
) (38 22:2 23 ) (40 :2:2.
)(39
) (39 : III :25 )( ][
) = ( ].
. ) J. Derenbourg REJ XIV (1887 31. .1
Commentary on Tos. Berakhot 53. .
[.
)(40
). H. Hirschberg, JBL 62(1943), 73 - 87; JBL 67(1948), 305 - 318 (40
166
28) :(48 -
. . :
) (49 .
80 . )
( - . ) (50
(51)80
. .93
)(41
)(41
H. Graetz, Geschichte der Juden (Leipzig, 1908 (1893)), Bd 4, 85, 94ff; Herford, op. cit.,
passim; M. - J. Lagrange, Le Messianisme chez les Juifs (Paris, 1909), 292; K. L. Carroll,
BJRL 40(1957/8), 20; G. F. Moore, Judaism III, 67f; J. Nausner, A History of the Jews in
.Babylonia (Leiden, 1968), Vol. 3, 12 - 16
)(42
)(42
F. C. Grant, The Earliest Gospel (New York, 1943), 92f; F. W. Beare, JBL 63 (1944), 315
.
)(43
)(43
38(1899), 194 - 203; Der Antichrist in den vorchristlichen jdischen Quellen (Gttingen,
1901), 78ff; Synagoge u. Kirche in ihren Anf . ngen (Berlin, 1908), 124ff
)(44
167
) ) -) = (52((
- ) ( .
] [ ) (53
] [ )) (54 (.
-
. .
)(44
Bacher, art. cit.; H. L. Strack, Jesus, die H retiker u. die Christen nach den altesten
jdischen Angaben (Leipzig, 1910), 47 - 80; A. Bchler in Judica (Festschrift fr hermann
Cohen) (Berlin, 1912), 272ff; I. Broyde, Min, Jewish Encyclopedia 8(1904), 549ff; J. Jocz,
op. cit., 174 - 190; C. M. I. Gevarahu, Sinai 44 (1958/9), 367 - 376; K. G. Kuhn in Judentum,
Urchristentum, Kirche, 24 - 61; D. Sperber, Min, Encycl. Judaica 12(1971), 1 - 3; M.
. Simon, Verus Israel (Paris, 1948), 214 - 238
)(45
) (45 .5:13
)(46
) (46 .5:9
)(47
) (47 .
)(48
168
1892 (55)Krauss
) ( .
. 1898 Schechter -
) . (56
) (. 1925
.
) (48 : IV :8.
.
)(49
) (49 . . :
8 :4 .25 :3
)(50
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)(51
) (51 . .
80 .90
)(52
169
- ) : (57
.
. :
. .
.
)(
- ) (52 : 127
Kohler, HUCA 1(1920), 40f
. S. Liebermann, Tosefta Ki - Fshutah I (New York, 1955), 53f :
)(53
) (53 Singer 50 .
. . J. H. Hertz . 145-142
)(54
) (54.L. Finkelstein, The Development of the Amidah; JQR 16(NS), (1925/6), 156 :
)(55
)(55
)(56
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) . (58
.
. .
- ) -
( . 1907 Marx
) ( . ) . (59 1426
). S.Schter , JQR 10(1897\8) ,657 (56
)(57
). HUCA. vol II (1925), p. 306 (57
)(58
) (58 -
. .Halakhot Gedolot, ed. Hildesheimer, Berlin 5652, p. 72 :
: -
..Krauss, op. cit. p. 132 :
)(59
). A. Marx, Jahrbuch der jdisch-literarischen Gesellschaft 5(1907), 5 (59 :
.R. Amran Gaon (Lund, 1951), 37
171
)
(. 1925
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)(61
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P. Sch fer , Die sogennante Synode von Jabne. Zur trennung von Juden und Christen
172
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)(63
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. :96
. . G. Alon ) The
) Jews in their Lands in the Talmudic Age (289 :1 (1980
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.(ed.), The Apocryphal New Testament, Oxford, 1993, pp. 3ff
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188
:
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] .ii 4-9 : ) Michaelis
( 128-112 [.
) de Santos Otero 29 - 27 (.
To Ioudakon : . A. Schmidtke
Neue Fragmente und Untersunchungen zu judenchristlichen Evangelien
) (Tu 37. I =) (1911
:
:Storm 2. 9. 45 (Sthlin, GCS 52(13), p. 137)
- 1
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Sthlin, GCS 52 (15)) Storm 5. 14. 96 : .(389 .
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Preuschen) 12 .2 :(67
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) 6:7 ) . ) M. Adriaen Tournhout
(1976(513 . ) 11-9 :49 . )
(1963 ) 3:16 . F. Glorie CCL
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) 4:5 Migne PL 26 :(D - C 552
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(1963 :(8 - 147
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) HE 3. 39. 17 GCS 9. I :(292
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11.....................................................................
: 13.............................................
: 25..................
: 39..............................................
: 71..............................................
: 105................
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167..............................................................
:1 175...........................................
:2 189.......................................................
199