Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Business Models For Off Grid Solar For Electricity Access in Rural Urban India
Business Models For Off Grid Solar For Electricity Access in Rural Urban India
Conference on
The Business of Off grid Lighting in India
22 November 2013
IFMR, Chennai
IPPs
Captive
T & BS
Regulated
Market
D & RS
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Limited
Access
Demand for
Clean Energy
Demand for SPV is driven (more) by lack of access to electricity than a
desire for clean energy. Limited access means
Legislative Framework
Electricity Act 2003
Rural
R l Electrification
El t ifi ti Policy
P li
Provision of access to electricity to all
households by year 2009.
Quality and reliable power supply at
reasonable rates.
Minimum lifeline consumption of 1 unit per
household per day as a merit good by year
2012
2013
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RGGVY
RGGVY provides for Decentralized Distributed
G
Generation
ti (DDG) Systems
S t
based
b d on
conventional & non conventional energy
sources where grid supply is not feasible or
cost effective.
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Note: As per a report on Informal Sector in India (1999 2000), there were an estimated over 9.32 million
enterprises outside household premises without fixed location (NSSO, 2001).
Rental Business of
CFL Battery Lamps
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Energy
Source
Hours of
Use
Grid
Case 2
Grid
Case 3
60-100
Diesel
60-100
Diesel
C
Case
No.
N
D
Description
i ti
Case 1
Case 4
Case 5a
100
Grid
As reqd.
C
Case
5b
T
Temporary
Grid
G id S
Supply
l Metered
M t d
100
G id
Grid
A reqd.
As
d
Case 6
---
LPG
Case 7
Solar
Case 8
Solar
Source: Singh, Anoop, Informal Markets for Electricity: Economics of lighting for
Hawkers in India, Intl. Journal of Energy Sector Management, 2009.
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18
Da
aily User Cost (Rs.)
16
14
12
Case 2, 3
10
Economical
Case 6
Case 1
6
4
C
Case
8
Case 7
2
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
2.5
C
Case
2
2.0
Case 4
1.5
Case 5
Case 1 Case 3
1.0
Case 6
Case 8
0.5
Case 7
Green Options
0.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
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F
B
C
D
36 x 12m
36m
12
Notes: A Rooftop for Phase I; B E Rooftop for potential extensions in Phase II; F G Hawkers area for mini grid
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Project Description
Location: Kalyanpur on NH 2, Near IIT Kanpur
Technology: c Silicon / mc Silicon based fixed panel Photo voltaic
modules with duel mode operation and limited storage capacity
Size: Phase I 5 kW PV Panels at A, Phase II 5 KW at B/C/D/E
Storage: Phase I 3 kW battery
Monthly Av. Solar Radiation: 4.8 6.3 (kWh/m2/day) Equator
Pointed 260 Tilted Surface
Financing
Corporate Structure: Limited Liability
P t
Partnership
hi (Proposed)
(P
d)
Equity: 30 % (Promoters, VC)
Debt: 40 60 % (Banks/ Financial Institutions,
Carbon Funds etc.)
Grant:
Grant 20 30 % (Local/Central Govt.,
Govt
International/Bilateral Agencies (higher for
initial projects). Low or none for later projects.
10
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Consumers Mini
grid Connected
Hawkers
Financing (Loan/Grant)
Banks/FIs, Carbon Funds,
Banks/FIs
Funds
External Institutions
Equipment Supplier
(incl. LTM)
PV Based Hawker
Lighting Project
(Kalyanpur)
Institutional
Consumers
Nearby School (Day
Users)
O & M Existing DG
Operator / New entity /
Equipment Supplier
Consumers
Permanent Shops
(Day & Night Users)
Op
peration &
Maaintenance
Financing (Grant)
MNRE & MLA/BA
Revenue
Model
ncing
Finan
11
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Implementation Strategy
Award!
PV
PV Based Replicable Business Models for Informal Markets
for Electricity received the Best Business Model Award at the
Asia Clean Energy Forum 2010 organised at the Asian
Development Bank (ADB), Manila in June 2010.
12
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NSS Report No. 535: Housing Condition and Amenities in India: July, 2008
June, 2009
13
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98095
66454
31641
270129
196836
73293
Total
Rural
Urban
T t l
Total
Rural
Urban
Total
Rural
Urban
14
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State/UT
(1)
Jammu & Kashmir
Himachal Pradesh
Punjab
Chandigarh
Uttaranchal
Haryana
Delhi
Rajasthan
Uttar Pradesh
Bih
Bihar
Sikkim
Arunachal Pradesh
Nagaland
Manipur
Mizoram
Tripura
community TV
centre
(2)
21
24
174
139
162
1
1
1
52
2
559
124
8
20
Meghalaya
Assam
West Bengal
Jharkhand
Orissa
Chhattisgarh
Madhya
y Pradesh
Gujarat
Daman & Diu
Dadra & N. Haveli
Maharashtra
Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Goa
Lakshadweep
Kerala
Tamil Nadu
Pondicherry
A & N Islands
all-India
15
17
86
1
10
31
45
179
798
379
98
80
87
28
686
416
823
192
19
65
cable TV
connection
(3)
121
121
253
1000
80
230
1000
58
21
21
356
20
298
77
43
119
22
34
145
18
70
122
131
324
1000
116
187
641
529
778
1000
853
770
408
325
164
cooperative society
self-help group
(4)
240
387
507
698
135
627
301
209
128
531
86
613
316
314
365
(5)
49
211
78
424
25
233
233
124
207
54
192
233
233
192
180
302
97
197
385
46
79
399
350
481
1000
291
573
424
425
652
1000
859
538
266
287
302
231
177
232
48
106
276
267
134
690
116
431
740
357
250
800
697
386
240
15
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Technological Sustainability
Operational Sustainability
Financial Sustainability
Environmental Sustainability
16
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Thank You
www.iitk.ac.in/ime/anoops
anoops@iitk.ac.in
Selected Readings
17
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