MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED SECTION 1 DRAWING OFFICE MANUALMONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED t DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL, MECHANICAL CONTENTS : PAGE 1.0 SCOPE 4 “ 2.0 BASIC STEPS OF INSTALLATION DESIGN 4 3.0 DEFINITZONS 2 3.1 Site Layout 2 312 Powerhouse or Plant Layout 2 313. Flow Sheets 3 314 Vessel and Equipment Drawings 3 315 Piping General Arrangenents 3 i 316 Isometric Drawings 4 3.7 Equipment Lists 4 3.8 Valve Lists 4 319 Line Lists 4 4.0 FUNCTION OF DRAWINGS 4 \ 41 Sketches 5 4.2 Preliminary Drawings 5 4.3 Tender Drawings 5 4.4 Contract Drawings 6 4.5 "As Built" Drawings 6 426 Report Drawings 6 4.7 "Foreign" Drawings 6 5.0 PROJECT DRAPTING PROCEDURE 6 6.0 DRAFTING STANDARDS i. : 6.1 Intent 7 6.2 Scope 7 " 6.3 General Notes a 6.4 Related Documents 8 . 6.5 Planning of Drawing 3 i 6.6 Size of Drawings 40 6.7 Scales uL 6.8 lines rr i 6.9° Lettering a ~ 6.10 Dimensions 7 6.11 Drawing Titles B 6.12 Numbering of Drawings B : 6.13 Revisions to Drawings us 6.14 Cancellation of Drawings ww 6:15 Reference Drawings uw— 1@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 6.0 7.0 10.0 11.0 DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) 6.16 Filing of Drawings 6.17 Checking of Drawings 6.18 Piping Drawings ARRANGEMENT DRAWINGS 7.1 General 7.2 Arrangement Drawings - Checking 7.3 Area Key Plans PROCESS FLOW SHEETS MECHANICAL FLOW SHEETS OR PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAMS 9.1 Mechanical Flow Sheets or Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams ~ General 9.2 Equipment, Line and Valve Nunbering PIPING GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS 10.1 Piping General Arrangements - General 10.2 Reference Information 10.3 Checking of Piping General Arrangements 10.3.1 General Approach to Checking 10.3.2 Sequence of Checking 10.3.3 Equipment Checking 10.3.4 Piping Checking ISOMETRICS AND SPOOL DRAWINGS 11.1 Definitions 11.2 General 11.3 Critical Piping (300°F and above) 11.4 Non-Critical Piping (below 300°F) 11.5 Drafting 11.6 Hangers 11.7 Checking of Isometrics and Spool DrawingsMONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL SoOPE ‘This manual provides guidelines to enable a degree of confornity to be achieved in the preparation and checking of mechanical dravings and models for thermal power plants and process plants (refineries and petrochenical). ‘The word "mechanical" above implies aspects of installation other than civil, architecture and electrical. It will cover the following: a) Basic layouts of equipment. b) Flow diagrams ~ Process. ©) Flow diagrams - Mechanical or Piping and Instrumentation Diagrans. 4) Piping drawings. e) —-Bquipment drawings. £) Instrumentation drawings. 2,0 BASIC STEPS OF INSTALLATION DESIGN ‘There are a number of basic steps through which a design must pass to reach the final drawings. These can be summarized as under. Step No. 1 Definition of the Purpose of the Plant This will give the main parameters of the installation giving such information as location, desired output such as Mi from a generating station, sources and types of fuel or raw materials, types of major items of equipment. Step No. 2 Preparation of Basic Flow Diagrams (Process Flow Diagram) ‘These flow diagrams should be prepared to provide fundamen- tal data on types and duties of equipment without defining precise interconnections of units. Step No. 3. Preparation of drawing (or model) of basic plant layout within whatever limitations may be known. From this point the three major disciplines namely, civil, electrical and mechanical may proceed simultaneously and more or legs independently towards the ultimate design.© MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 2.0 3.0 3 32 BASIC STEPS OF INSTALLATION DESIGN (Cont'd) NOTE: The words "nore or less independently" are used advisedly as uncoordinated approach can lead to disaster. It is of utmost importance that each discipline is well aware of the work proposed by the other disciplines within the various specific areas. Co-ordination and co-operation are essential. Step No. 4 Preparation of Mechanical Flow Sheets or Piping and Instrumentation Drawings. ‘These drawings or diagrams should bear sone relationship to physical positions between items of equipment either in elevation, plan or sequence in process. Connections from lines and headers should be in the correct sequences. Step No. 5 From the Mechanical Flow Diagram or Piping and Instrument~ ation Drawings information can be provided to enable equipment to be defined for purchasing and detailed information on such equipment obtained. Step No. 6 With the above information avatlable it is. possible to proceed with the preparation of the installation drawings or model, from positioning of equiprent to complete piping. NOTE: In the preparation of such drawings or models IT IS ESSENTIAL that the Mechanical Designer keeps himself aware of such spaces as the other disciplines may wish to utilize in localities which may affect him. If IS ESSENTIAL that such spaces are unequivocally defined by dimensions. DEFINITIONS Definitions of terms used in this manual are given below. Site Layout A site layout defines the geographic Limits of the property within which the plant is to be situated, The preparation of such a drawing is usually outside the terms of reference of the Mechanical Department. Powerhouse or Plant Layout (Plot Plan) The Powerhouse or Plant Layout will indicate all major itens of equip nent to be installed together with their defined locations,@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 3.0 33 3.361 3.3.2 3.4 35 DEFINITIONS (Cont'd) Flow Sheets Process Flow Sheet A process flow sheet gives a schematic representation of a system or systems and defines the media flowing through the system(s) between the major components of the system. All basic design information such as medium description quantity and quality should be obtainable from the Process Flow Sheet. (See Clause 8.0.) Mechanical Flow Sheet An alternative designation for a Mechanical Flow Sheet is Piping and Instrumentation Diagram, The Mechanical Flow Sheets define the methods used to achieve the production requirements called for on the Process Plow Sheet. They are schematic representations of systems showing detailed interconnections between all pieces of equipment together with valving and instrumentation connections. (See Clause 9-0 .) Vessel and Equipment Drawings ‘The Vessel and Equipment Drawings are prepared to show the preferred outlines of equipment with minimum nozzle requirements, and may include fabrication details where necessary. Piping General Arrangements Piping General Arrangements are means of determining and representing the correct spatial positioning of equipment, valving, piping and associated details within an installation. This is achieved by any of the following methods. a) By orthographic drawing approached on the system by system method: b) By orthographic drawing approach on the area method where all. systens within an area are shown on a composite drawing. c) By model, where ali major systems and equipment are represented. LLL3.0 3.6 a7 3.8 3.9 4.0 MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL ‘MECHANICAL DEFINITIONS (Cont '4) Isometric Drawings Isometric drawings of piping are prepared for the following purposes. a) System Isometrics - To show complete systen. b) Preliminary Stress Isometrics ~ For initial stress assessment of appropriate pipes. c) Final Stress Isometrics ~ Pipe isometrics prepared on completion of stress analysis. 4) Spool drawings ~ Ieometric drawings of sections of systems suitable for shop or field fabrication before erection. Equipment Lists Equipment lists are prepared for individual systems defining the purpose and quantity of each item of equipment and their locations. Valve Lists Valve lists are prepared for each system from information obtained from the mechanical flow diagran. Line Lists Line Lists are prepared from information obtained from the mechanical flow diagram to itemize lines in conjunction with the general arrange~ mente of the systems and the various isometric drawings. Hanger Schedules Schedules are prepared in conjunction with the piping systems to enable supporting material for pipework to be provided. FUNCTION OF DRAWINGS ‘The various purposes to which drawings are put will legislate the degree of accuracy and detail presented, They will also affect the procedure: to be adopted for each.@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 4.0 4.2 43 FUNCTION OF DRAWINGS (Cont'd) Some of the types and functions of drawings are given below. Sketches Sketches are used to convey engineering ideas or to work up an idea. ‘They are drawn up on sheets without title blocks, do not require to be registered with Central Registry, do not require signing. ‘The printing of sketches is on a pink paper only which are not normally to be trananitted out of the Office. ‘on completion of a project, sketches should be destroyed. Preliminary Drawings Preliminary drawings are used to establish the direction of thought and provide a basis for the development of working drawings. ‘They should be drawn on standard sheets with Company Title Blocks. Normal procedures for registration are required, as the drawings may be used with modification or amplification as the final drawings. Preliminary dravings are to be printed on pink paper. Tender Drawings tender drawings are prepared to initiate proposals for work to be done or quotations for materials or equipment to be provided by prospective contractors or suppliers. Drawings should define the work or supply clearly, without anbiguity, so that prices quoted will fairly cover all desired aspects of work to be carried out or materials to be provided. ‘The drawings: may be preliminary drawings or to the standard suitable for "Approved for Construction" if information is available. All prints for this purpose shall be stamped "Drawing for Tender Purposes Only". Normal procedures for registration of the drawings are required conplete with appropriate signing of the drawing. ‘Tender drawings shall be printed on pink paper.MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 4.0 44 45 4.6 47 5.0 FUNCTIONS OF DRAWINGS (Cont'd) Contract Drawings Contract drawings are final drawings to accompany specifications and/or other docunentation. They should provide all information necessary to cover the work or services to be provided. Details should be complete and accurate. Contract drawings must have a completed and signed title block. The Approved for Construction Stanp must be added and appropriate department signatures obtained. Contract drawings shall be printed on white paper with either blue or black lines. ‘Ap Built" Drawings “As built" drawings are copies of contract or construction drawings modified to incorporate changes necessitated during the construction of a project. Report Drawings Report drawings are used to illustrate specific items or aspects associated with written reports, Details should be kept to a minimum ‘and characterized by the clarity and quality of presentation. "Foreign" Drawings “goreign" drawings are drawings or other documentation prepared by outside contractors or suppliers to give details of the work or equipment being provided by then. PROJECT DRAFTING PROCEDURE At the outset of the project, the senior supervisor in conjunction with the project manager will decide whether a "Systen" method or "Area" method drawing will be used and whether process flow diagrams are essential to the project. However, generally the following drawings will-be preparedi a) Site lay-outs b) Powerhouse or plant lay-out: MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED : DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 5.0 PROJECT DRAFTING PROCEDURE (Cont'd) ©) Flow sheets: 4) Process 44) Mechandeal or P & 1D 4) General arrangenents - Piping and equtpment by systen method or Area nethod ©) Equipnent ists £) Line Liste Valve Lists j h) Valve and piping material specification 4) Piping symbols and system abbreviations, ALL data collected from Equipment, Line and Valve lists, Piping bill of material and List of Hanger componerits will be processed by computer and a line and/or system and a total estimate will be obtained. The computer will also produce a print-out for requisitions to be used by the Purchase Department. 6.0 DRAFTING STANDARDS 6.1 Intent This section sets the requirements for all mechanical drawings to be prepared to a common drafting standard. Under certain circumstances a client or project may require departures from these standards to suit other systems or methods. Unless a specific instruction is issued to the contrary for a project, these drafting standards shall apply. 6.2 Scope Specific instructions and standards are set forth for the preparation of all types and classes of drawing to be prepared by the Mechanical. Department of Montreal Engineering Company, Limited.@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 6.0 6.3 6.4 DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) Hard and fast rules cannot be laid down for every point that may arise in the preparation of mechanical engineering drawings. Accuracy and neatness cannot be defined specifically. The guiding rule to follow is that every drawing shall indicate clearly and without anbiguity all the information required, in a clean manner that can be microfilmed and readily reproduced in readable form at reduced size. Judgement on the part of each draftsman is required to ensure optimum clarity in this respect. General Notes It cannot’ be too strongly emphasized that the engineering drawings comprise a most inportant part of the product of the Montreal Engineering Company, Limited. A complete mechanical engineering drawings system must contain all the information to describe completely the equipment and auxiliaries necessary to build an operating unit, within the limits of the company's responsibility for the specific project. The documents consist of the drawing or drawings, equipment lists, line Lists, valve lists, bills of material, schedules and specifications and any other documents necessary to complete the project. Original drawings represent large finaricial investments in the manhours spent in their preparation. It is essential therefore that original drawings shall be handled with utmost care to keep them clean and to prevent damage to them. All tears are to be repaired as soon as observed to prevent further danage to the original drawing. Related Documents In the preparation of this standard the following authority has been used Canadian Standards Association C.S.A. B78.1 - 1967 "Mechanical Engineering Drawing Standards" In addition the following MECo procedures are relevant: Engineering Procedure 1, Schedule of MECo Drawings. Engineering Procedure 1.2 Foreign and Field Drawings Schedule and Record.aes MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 6.0 DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) Engineering Procedure 2 Record of MECo Drawing Issues Engineering Procedure 2.1 Order Schedule Engineering Procedure 26 Registration of MECo Drawings General Policy No. 8 Requirements for Initialling and Signing of Engineering Drawings and Documents. General Engineering Specification for Microfilming Specification No. 1 Requirements for MECo Drawings. 6.5 Planning of Drawings Ascertain exactly what is required to be shown on the drawing. This will be affected by the purpose for which the particular drawing is required, i.e. - general illustrative drawing, plot plans, arrangement drawings and details for fabrication or construction. Rough out the essential views and select a suitable scale. Choose a standard sheet large enough to meet the requirements or as may be required by the project and make sure that the various views and notes are not cramped. The legibility of a drawing is enhanced if the views are clearly defined, All drawings shall be laid out to conform the the Third Angle or "American" Projection (see pp. 17 to 19 ~ CSA B-78.1.1967). ‘The “Plan” view should appear in the upper left hand quadrant of the sheet with the "Front Elevation" directly beneath. The third "Side Elevation" if required is drawn to the right of the "Front" Elevation and so oriented that it is unnecessary to rotate the drawing to read the view, 4.e. set vertically in the R.H. bottom quadrant. Any Instructions applicable to the drawing will appear as notes and must be grouped together. Preferably the notes will be placed above the title block, as far to the right as possible to keep the main body of the sheet for drafting. In order to insure a quick orientation of drawings an arrow showing the true or construction North shall appear on the drawing in @ conspicuous location. Wherever possible the North should be the "Top" of the drawing, with the arrow near the top left hand corner of the sheet.@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 6.0 6.6 DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) A grid system in suitable equal divisions should be marked out on the left hand side and top margins of the sheet. The left hand grid should be marked A, B, C, etc. from top to bottom and the top grid marked 1, 2, 3, 4, ete. from left to right. This 5; ie useful when it is necessary to refer to a drawing in correspondence or verbally. This system may not be practical in all cases but should be used on all General Arrangement and Piping drawings. Where applicable building colums and column centre lines should be shown and numbered according to the structural steel drawings. (Check with Civil Department for numbers.) A drawing, particularly that of an area may apply to only a part of a plant or building. To facilitate orientation of the area concerned a auall scale "KEY PLAN" of the overall plant or building shall be incorporated, where applicable, with an indication of the area covered by the drawing. It is preferred that the "KEY PLAN" shall be placed at the bottom right hand corner of the sheet. Size of Drawings The sizes of standardized drawing sheets with preprinted title blocks are defined in MECo General Engineering Specification No. 1 "Specification of Microfilming Requirements for MECo Drawings". ‘The designating letter size and nominal dimensions are as under: Designating Letter Nominal Drawing Size A 81/2" x 11" B au x 17" x 1M x 24" 182 39" D 34" F 4" aan 10@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL ‘MECHANICAL 6.0 DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) 6.7 Scales to be Used For Layout & Details Yor Site Plans For Metric Systema * 3 Inches = 1 Foot 1 Inch = 10 Feet 1:25 * Limch =1 Foot 1 Inch» 20 Feet us 3/4 Inch = 1 Foot 1 Inch = 30 Feet #110 1/2 Inch = 1¥oot 1 Inch = 40 Feet 1:20 *3/8 Inch = 1 Foot 1 Inch = 50 Feet 1:25 *1/4 Inch = 1 Foot 1 Inch = 60 Feet #1150 3/16 Inch = 1 Foot 1 Inch = 100 Feet 1:75 4#1/8 Inch = 1 Foot 1 Inch = 200 Feet #1:100 3/32 Inch = 1 Foot 12125 1/16 Inch = 1 Foot Asterisk * denotes preferred scales. . A graphic scale must be drawn on each drawing to facilitate inter- pretation when produced as a photographically reduced copy. When a drawing is to one scale only the scale should be shown in the title block. I£ more than one scale is used the title block should read "as noted" and the true scales written under the sub-titles on the body of the drawing. 6.8 Lines Generally the types and thickness of lines called for on pg. 12 of 6.8.4. B78.1 - 1 1967 and MECo General Engineering Specification No. 1 should be adhered to with the following modifications: Centre Lines ~ a thin broken Line consisting of a series of long and short dashes (Fig. 8 - Item 3). Dimension Lines - a thin full line with arrow heads and dimension above the line (Fig. 8 - Item 5). iee MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED. DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 6.0 DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) 6.9 6.10 Cutting Plane ~ a thick Line indicating a right angle with arrow Lines heads to show direction only. Lines should not be carried through the drawing except when the cutting plane is complex. Only points of change should be indicated. Leaders ~ to be thin lines pointing to a particular area of detail. Generally as (Fig. 8 ~ Item 5). Lettering of Drawings Where a project calls for manual lettering single stroke gothic Jettering shall be used throughout. Upper case (capital) letters shall be used. To facilitate modifications and anendments by a person other than the original draftsman it is preferred that vertical lettering be used rather than inclined lettering. ‘wo sizes of letters shall be used: 1/8" high ~ dimensions and local notes. 3/16" high - general notes referring to the detail as a whole. AIL lettering must be made clearly to facilitate legibility after photoreproduction. (Refer MECo General Engineering Specification No. 1 re Microfilming Requirenents.) Lettering should not be underlined, Fractions shall be made with a horizontal Line and the overall height shall be 1 2/3 of the height of adjacent lettering or figures. If improved quality 1s required printing shall be by Varityper, Letraset or Leroy method. Dimenstoning, For projects using $1 units (metric) all dimensions shall be in milli~ metres. For projects using imperial units, all dimensions shall be in feet and inches. Dimensions less than one foot shall be shown in inches only (i.e. 11 3/4"), Dimensions of one foot and over shall be shown in feet and inches Ge. 1" =a", 10" - 6"), 1@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 6.0 6.11 6.12 DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) ‘AlL dimensions shall be shown above the line. Dimensions should be arranged so that they are readable from the bottom or right hand side of the draving. Controlling dimensions must be shown clearly and it shall never be necessary to add or subtract a series of dimensions to obtain a con- trolling dimension. For example in powerhouse arrangement drawings all building columns must be dimensioned and all equipment referenced to the column lines in the most suitable way. A particular dimension should never be shown more than once on any one drawing. Dimensions which are out of scale should be so noted by the suffice N.T.S. (L.e, 2" ~ 6" N.T.S.). Drawing Titles Each drawing shall have its own specific title. : Drawing titles shall be obtained from the Senior Drafteman and if necessary should be approved by the Project Supervising Engineer. ‘Titles must be self explanatory and concise and are to be printed in bold letters in the space allocated in the title block of the drawing. Abbreviations should not be used unless essential. ‘The words "Proposed", "Preliminary", "Suggested" must not be used in the drawing title. Prints of such drawings will bear an appropriate stamp. Nunbering of Drawings Each drawing shall have its own specific "Drawing Number". Drawing nunbers are allotted by Central Registry from whom appropriate numbers shall be obtained as required and in accordance with MECo Engineering Procedure No. 26 (or as appropriate for individual offices). It is the responsibility of the Senior Draftsman on a project to ensure that every drawing 1s properly entered in the "Drawing Schedule” prepared for the project. 13MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL, 6.0 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) Revisions to Drawings Modifications and/or additions to existing drawings shall be carried out neatly. A description of what has been changed or added must be recorded at the bottom of the sheet in the space provided. It is necessary to indicate the precise alteration clearly and briefly. ‘The draftsman will initial and write the date of the revision in the space at the bottom of this sheet. ‘The first revision is called Revision A and following revisions lettered alphabetically, Letters 1, 0 and Q are to be avoided. A suitable arrow showing the revision letter should be shown adjacent to the actual revision on the body of the drawing and the "Grid Systen" used to locate the change. Cancellation of Drawings If a drawing becomes obsolete the physical sheet must be clearly marked "Cancelled" or returned to the Office Services section with a note signed by the supervisor and project engineer authorizing the cancella— tion, (Individual Offices may institute use of rubber stamp to be used with space for supervisor's signature and date.) In no case must the physical drawing be destroyed except by Office Services, because it is with them that the drawing is registered. Reference Drawings ALL MECo and "Foreign" drawings which at any time may be used in conjunction with the drawing in hand should be listed as "Reference Drawings". This list should appear in the lover title block of the drawing (or as appropriate to the requirements of specific projects). Filing of Draw: Although the filing of all drawings 1s a function of Office Services responsibility for the return of the original drawing rests with the Supervisor or project administrator if appointed. ‘As soon as a drawing is sufficiently complete for general approval and/or checking, a sufficient nunber of "Pink Prints" must be obtained 4; MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED os DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL ‘MECHANICAL 6.0 DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) and issued to all interested parties and the original tracings : retained by the Office Services. At this stage a “drawing distribution” List must be prepared under the supervision of the project engineer. 6.17 Checking of Drawings AL checking is done physically on the "Pink Prints" - correct data and dimensions shall be indicated in "Yellow" and any corrections necessary are to be made with "Red Pencil". When checked "Pink Prints" are returned to the sender (supervisor, project engineer or administrator), the original tracings are re-called from Office Services and the necessary corrections made. 6.18 Piping Drawings In general all piping 2" bore and less is shown as a single line. On large scale drawings small pipe may be shown with a double line if necessary for clarity but this is unusual. Fittings, valves, etc., are indicated by the use of appropriate graphical symbols, except where clearance requirements justify more detail. Valve handwheels are shown fully open in elevation views for clearance purposes. Run of piping should be made co that it is capable of being supported from building steelwork. Pipe bend radii must be shown if other than standard bends or fittings are used. Pipe Lines must be id Size", "system No,", Clause 9.2). ified by a system consisting of the "Pipe "pe Class or Code", and "Line No." (refer It is improbable that North American pipe manufacturers will convert to metric pipe sizes for some time to come, Nominal inch pipe sizes are, therefore, to be referred to on drawings. 15@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITE DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL, ‘MECHANICAL 6.0 7.0 Ma DRAFTING STANDARDS (Cont'd) Pipe Lines shall be shown as tabulated below: Dug. Scale Single Line Double Line s1 Imperial 1:100 1/8" = 1 foot & less 14" & over 1:50 1/4" = 1 foot 6 & less 8" & over 5-3/8" = 1 foot 3" & less 4" & over 1:25 1/2" = 1 foot 2" & less 3" & over 3/4" = 1 foot 1-1/2" & less (2" & over) 1:10 1 foot 1" & less (2" & over) 1 foot 3/4" & less (a" & over) 1:25 1 foot 3/8" & less (a/2" & over) ARRANGEMENT DRAWINGS. Arrangement Drawings ~ General Arrangement drawings are prepared to show the arrangement of a number of assenblies or items of equipment relative to one another in a particular site, within particular battery limits within a plant, building, room or area. Equipment layout drawings shall be prepared to facilitate the layout work of all disciplines, such as building structures, equipment founda~ tions, underground and above ground piping, conduit runs, cable tray runs, ventilation ducts, etc. Equipment layout drawings also help the construction personnel in their planning since they can be issued much earlier than the piping, ete. drawings or the model. ‘The t of equipment layout drawings for a plant shall consist oft ~ The equipment lists. - The plan views of the plant showing all the equipment outside the buildings. ~ The plan views of each floor of the buildings showing all the equipment within the building. = The sections as required. 16@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 7.0 12 73 ARRANGEMENT DRAWINGS (Cont'd) All mechanical equipment, except VAC equipment, shall be located using north and east coordinates for equipment outside the buildings and dimensions from the building columns for equipment inside the buildings. ‘The orientation of a vessel shall be indicated clearly by showing the location of its manhole or a nozzle properly identified. ALL other equipment, including HVAC equipment, shall be shown. Reference shall be made to the equipment layouts of the appropriate disciplines for dimensions. ‘The elevations of the equipment may be shown on the plan view if possible but sections shall be drawn wherever necessary. ‘The equipment shall be identified by its complete number including the BST but not by name. Arrangement Drawings - Checking, In checking particular attention shall be made to the following: ~ All the equipment Listed on the equipment lists has been shown on the layouts. = The equipment 1s properly identified. = the equipment is properly located in both directions. ~ The elevation of che equipment is clearly indicated. = The orientation of the equipment is clearly indicated. ~ Major electrical equipment 1 indicated. - Major electrical cable ways are indicated. Area Key Plans Area key plans shall be prepared as may be decided by the project engineer to cover an entire plant or appropriate section depending upon the complexity of the installation to be defined. ‘The plant or the buildings/process areas shall be divided into areas, the dravings of which shall be oriented in common manner for all areas of a project, i.e, north or construction north to point to top or left of the paper for all areas. v® MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 7.0 8.0 ARRANGEMENT DRAWINGS (Cont'd) For plant area key plans, a plan view of the overall plant shall be drawn indicating the area limits and locating them using north and east coordinates as applicable. For buildings/process areas area key plans, a plan view of the complete building/process area shall be dravn showing the structural colums identification. The limits shall be indicated using building, colums, wherever possible, or north and east coordinates. ‘The area Limits shall be at the same columns/coordinates on every floor for multi-storey buildings/structures. Where a model is used instead of orthographic drawings for the piping layout, the areas depicted on the area key plan shall each represent a nodel table, PROCESS FLOW SHEETS A process flow sheet is used to define the media and its conditions flowing between items of equipment in a system. It forms the basis of the Mechanical Flow Diagram or the Piping and Instrumentation Diagram. Process flow sheets shall indicate the following information either on the face of the drawing or in tabular form with respect to general or eritical portions of the systens. ~ Material handled or medium passed. - Rated capacity ~ weight or volume per unit time. ~ Operation conditions ~ pressure and temperature. - Chemical characteristics if exceptional. - Density, viscosity, ete. ~ if relevant to the proce ~ Capacities of containment vessels. ‘The process flow sheets are basic tools to enable the aboye information to be assessed for the procurement of equipment. Complete interconnection of piping is not necessary nor desirable on a Process Flow Sheet. Only such valves as are necessary to control Process should be indicated. 18@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 8.0 9.0 9.2 PROCESS FLOW SHEETS (Cont'd) Complete pipe interconnection, valving and instrumentation connections should be shown on the Mechanical Flow Sheet or Piping and Instrumenta tion Diagram, MECHANICAL FLOW SHEETS OR PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAMS Mechanical Flow Sheets or Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams ~ General Mechanical Flow Sheets or Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams are developed from the Process Flow Sheets. ‘Their purpose is to elaborate on the systems for the following reasons: a) To define each and every pipe from the aspects - Material ~ Diameter = Thickness - Protection - Terminating equipment - Correct sequence of connection. b) To define all valves. ce) To define vent and drain connections. d) To define all instrumentation and control connections e) To ensure that all information is available for the preparation of detailed piping drawings or the piping model. A Mechanical Flow Sheet will normally be limited to a single system, but may show interconnection with associated system(s). The Mechanical Flow Sheet shall always show the following items, details of which are listed and explained in the ensuing section: = Bquipment - Power Requirements = Conveyors, Pipe Lines, ete, i@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 9.0 MECHANICAL FLOW SHEETS OR PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAMS (Cont'd) ~ Controls, Valves, etc. ‘AIL equipment relevant to the system shall be indicated. Standard equipuent symbole shall be used. The layout of the equipment on the flow sheet should simulate as far ag possible the relative positions of the equipment in the plant to facilitate arranging for piping connections in logical sequences. Where gravity flow is required from one piece of equipment to another the flow sheet should show this by appropriate positioning. AIL input power requirements for the installed equipment should be indicated on the diagram ~ preferably near the equipment being driven. ‘This data 4s normally available from the Process Flow Diagram but in some cases equipment manufacturer's data may be available. Conveyors carrying solids should be indicated in the correct relative positions. Rate of Flow should be given. Power requirements must be shown for conveyors, drives, etc. Standard aymbols for equipment, valves, etc. must be used. All pipe lines connecting equipment must be shown, and in correct sequence. Major pipe lines should be thick lines with flow direction indicated by arrows. Minor pipe lines should be shown in thin lines with flow direction Andicated by arrows. ‘ALL valves, gauges, instruments, controls, etc. must be shown on the mechanical flow diagram and connections to the systems for instrument- ation must be shown. ‘The functions of all valves should be indicated if not self-evident and control points indicated. (e.g. Settings of relief valves and reducing valves.) Standard valve and instrument symbols must be used or a clear legend of symbols shown on the diagram. In sone cases of complex instrumentation and control systens separate instrument diagrams may be essential. Consideration should be given to the use of reproducible copies of the Mechanical Flow Diagram to avoid duplication of drawing. 20: MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED L DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 9.0 MECHANICAL FLOW SHEETS OR PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAMS (Cont'd) 9.2 Equipment Line and Valve Numbering The Mechanical Flow Sheet (or P & I Diagram) shall be used for the numbering of equipment Lines and valves in systems. - Piping systems normally start from a single source of flow to a major point of discharge with secondary sources of supply and branches to secondary points of discharge. Pipe numbering is to be commenced at the source of flow to the major point of discharge. = ‘The form of line numbering shali be as under unless specific project requirements call for an alternative. Jo" - MS - 762-05 - xyz + Pipe size 7 | Service ~ e.g. Main Steam———— MECo standard pipe class. Line number —... a The method of valve numbering shall follow the same system as the pipe numbering. 1 The form of valve numbering shall be as under: Valve size a Indicator letter for valve Service ~ e.g. Main Steam. : Valve number nee I Equipment numbering shall be as may be appropriate for the subject Project. oeanaes — MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LiMiTED DRAVING OFFICE. NASUAL MECHANICAL i - 10,0 PIPING GENERAL aNRANceMENS 10.1 Piping General Arrangenents ~ General Paping General Arrangement Drawings shall be prepared for such piping installations that are not covered by design models. ‘They may be prepared on the "Area" basis or on the system basis as may be decided by the Project Engineer. When prepared on the "Area" basis, each area shall conform with the match lines selected for the Key Plan of the installation. i A piping general. arrangement made on the "Area" basis shall show all significant piping, etc. within the selected area. ‘The general arrangement should indicate clearly by dimensions or by i stated elevations the following information: = Pipe terminations at drawing match lines. = Equipment centrelines and outlines. ~ Equipment nozzles by means of table. = Structures. : ~ Building Lines. - Battery limits, ~ Match lines. ~ Terminal points. - Platform elevations (T.0.8.). = Finished floor levels. = Equipment manholes, handholes, and ehir access (quote angular orientation and elevation only). = Instrumentation connections on equipment (quote angular orientation and elevation only). L - Piping by means of centreline indicating changes of direction. ~ Valves hy centreline or to face of flange. (Ball valves must not be dimensioned to centreline of spindle.) 22,@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 10.0 PIPING GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS (Cont'd) - Instrument connections to centreline. - Eecentrie reducers to its change in elevation. = Face to face dimensions for special piping items, relfef valves and non-standard control valves. For process or petrochemical projects the G.A, will indicate piping in bold single line for pipe sizes up to 12" nom. bore, and double for Tines 14" dia. and above (see also Clause 6.18). ‘The following listed below, shall also be indicated where pertinent to design: - Equipment outline (include insulation). = Structural steel work.* = Platforms. = Walkways. - Ladders. : : - Trolley beans. - Davits. ~ Level instruments on equipment. = Underground piping at tie-ins or where affecting clearance, = Buildings, include doorways, and windows. ~ Fireproofing concrete. - Foundations above grade. = Manholes. = Handholes. = Drop out areas. - Withdraval areas. - Holes in platforms, walls or flooring. ~ Field welds, where essential to erection,© MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL, MECHANICAL, 10.0 10.2 PIPING GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS (Cont'd) The G.A. will generally note the following: Pipe Mine nunbers as per P & I diagram. ~ Equipment item nunbers. = Equipment nozzles. = Arrow on Lines indicating flow. = Flanges, where out of spectfication, and loose flanges. ~ Instrument reference tag. ~ Matchlines, and continuation reference. = Sundry materials references, standard assembly reference nunbers at sanple points, instrument connections, etc. General Notes to include the following: - Plot plan drawing number. = Pape support drawing number. - Hazardous area drawing number. = Key plan of G.A.'s drawing number. = Reference to plant datum. = Steam tracing drawing number. NOTE: Common notes and reference drawings need only be listed on the first G.A. drawn for each area of plant. Reference Information Information to which reference may be made in the preparation of the piping general arrangements nay include the following: - Plot plan. = Section leader's job note. ~ Piping studies. 24eo cr esata @ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 10.0 10.3 10.3.2 PIPING GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS (Cont'd) - Piping specifications. = Equipment drawinge (outside vendors). - Equipment drawings (MEGo's design). ~ Engineering flow diagrams and line list. ~ Key plan of general arrangement drawings. - Structural steelwork drawings. = Givil (building and foundations) drawings. = Inetrument drawings and standards. - “Critical List" of lines for stressing. - Stress comment sheets for lines shown on "Critical List". ~ Electrical cableway drawings. ~ Electrical dravings and standards. ~ S.M, list and data sheets. ~ Wagardous area drawing. = Standard and contract assembly drawings. = Instrument group's thermowell schedule. Checking of Piping General Arrangements General Approach to Checking ‘The final engineering issue of all the reference documents listed are required, particular attention should be paid to documents supplied by outside vendors. The drawing to be coloured in yellow where details and information given is found to be correct and red on pink for corrections and erasures. IE, when the major proportion of the drawing has been checked, there remains isolated unchecked areas avaiting final information, these 25@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 10.0 10.3.2 10.3.3 PIPING GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS (Cont'd) areas shall be indicated by the work "HOLD" and circled, until such time as the information is received and they are cleared. ‘Any approved changes vhich occur during checking, must be marked on master copies of P & I diagrams, line list or specifications dated and initialed. ‘The basic piping arrangenents must not be altered without the Section Leader's approval and he should be consulted on any doubtful points. Any questionable material items should be referred to the material take off clerk for comment. Ghecking Sequence North arrow and drawing block. AIL equipment locations and drawing limits with plot plans and key plans of G.A.'3. 7 Positions and outlines of foundations, concrete supports, structural. steel supports, platforms, pipe racks, etc., with civil drawings. Locations of essential details (windows, doors, stairways, etc.) of ‘buildings. Locations of electrical equipment and cablevays. Outlines of equipment (pumps, compressors, vessels, etc.). Nozzle table (see notes on Example G.A., Appendix 1). Large bore piping (3" nom. bore and above). Soall bore piping (2" nom. bore and below). ‘That the drawing conforms to requirements of drafting procedure and that in all respects is neat and legible. Equipment Checking Vessels Connections Sizes (including couplings).@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 10.0 PIPING GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS (Cont'd) lange or coupling rating. Nozzle orientations. Nozzle elevations. Manholes and handholes. Foundation: Instrumentation. Platforas and ladders. Insulation. Exchangers Nozzle sizes, rating, elevations and locations. Blanked connections. Vents and drains, Tube and head removal. Foundations. Insulation. Compressors, Pumps and Turbines Nozzle sizes, rating, elevations and locations, Removal of compressor, pump, turbine cases and shafts. Foundations. Miscellaneous Equipment Nozzle sizes, ratings, elevations and locations, Removal areas required. 2@ 10.0 10.3.4 MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL PIPING GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS (Cont'd) Other special requireuents (check with other design groups if in doubt). Foundations. Platforns and ladders. Fireproofing of steelwork, etc. Biping Chee! The piping checker shall be fully acquainted with: ~ Piping Specification. ~ P&T Diagram and Line List for insulation. = Underground lines and incoming and outgoing lines from other areas or services. Clearances shall be checked with: - Structural steel and ensure that piping 1s capable of being supported from building steelwork. = Concrete. - Foundations. ~ Walkways, platforms, and ladders. ~ Handrails, windows, and doorways. ~ Heating and ventilating ductwork. ~ Electrical cableways. ~ Equipment attachments (vessel lugs, etc.). ~ Fireproofing. = Removal areas for equipment. - Elevations over walkways, roadways and platforms. The following points shall also be checked: 28,MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL ‘MECHANICAL 10.0 PIPING GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS (Cont'd) = Piping reducers are marked as required. = Valves are shown by correct symbol, with the spindle orientation where required. - Valves are operable (chain operators are indicated as necessary). = Stress section requirements are satisfied. = Compressor, pumps and turbines for drainage, cooling water and gland sealing connections, vents, temporary strainers and valving, traps, expansion joints, warm up connections and throttle valves. - Control valve arrangenents for clearances, tagging, removal, draining, maintenance, and accessibility. - Accessibility of shut off valves for emergency or frequent use. ~ Level controllers, and gauges for accessibility, sighting maintenance, tagging and matching of equipment connections. - Hose stations are indicated and numbered as flow diagram. = Steam out connections are located and are accessible. - Orifice flanges and flow nozzles are correctly located and are accessible. ~ All headers are adequately trappéd, drained and vented. ~ AL instrument connections shown on flow diagrams are indicated. ~ Thermoneter pockets correctly positioned and tagged for local or board mounting, that they are correctly shown as flanged or screwed and with standout to suit thermowell length, also check for removal. 11.0 ISOMETRICS AND SPOOL DRAWINGS 11.1 Definitions Piping Drawings ~ Gan be detailed isometric dravings, isometric sketches or orthographic piping drawings. System Isonetrics - Are detailed isometric drawings of complete piping systens or part 29@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED, DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 1.0 1.2 ISOMETRICS AND SPOOL DRAWINGS (Cont'd) tems based on orthographic study drawings and sketches or on models. Preliminary Stress Isometric - Is an isometric of a proposed pipe subject to thermal expansion, used for initial stressing purposes. Final Stress Isonetric - Is produced on completion of stress analysis for record purposes. Isometric Sketches ~ Are hand sketched isometric pipe drawings for field use. ‘Spool Drawings - Ave prepared for fabrication shop Gritieal Piping - Is piping subject to service temper~ ature above 300°F which require stress analysis. Non-Critical Piping = Is piping whose service temperature does not exceed 300°F and for which stress analysis is not required. Jsometrics and Spool Drawings ~ General System isometrics to be made for all lines with the following exceptions: = Steam tracing systems. ~ Non-critical piping 2" and under. ~ Piping located on pipeways. - Piping in water treatment plant. Isometric sketches to be made for all non-critical piping 2" and under. These sketches do not require accurate dimensions as they will be used for: @), Material requisition (41) Field erection guidance. 2]@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL 11.0 1.3 ISOMETRICS AND SPOOL DRAWINGS (Cont'd) Orthographic drawings to be made for all piping listed below: Piping in floor trenches, Piping located in turbine hall roof. Piping in the water treatment plant. A schedule of "Piping Isometric Drawing Priority" should be prepared. ‘Only complete Piping Drawings should be issued for construction. Where absolutely unavoidable, piping drawings may be issued with a "hold" on fone specific spool piece in order to release the remaining spool pieces on the drawing for detailing and fabrication where essential for the project schedule. Pipe support identification numbers and locations should be added to the piping drawings by the pipe support group prior to construction issue. Critical Piping (300°F and above) ALL piping subject to service temperatures exceeding 300°F is included in this category. If required, for congested piping areas, study orthographic drawings will be prepared. Syatem isonetrics for main steam and similar heavy wall piping will be drawn during the planning stage for obtaining fabrication quotations. After a fabricator has been selected, system isometrics shall be updated and issued for material commitment. Due to long delivery dates on these items, it is essential that system isometries be updated and issued for construction as early as possible. Preliminary stress isometrics shall be prepared for all critical piping syatens and reviewed by the project stress analyst. During stress analysis, the preliminary stress isometric will be updated as the analysis proceeds until completion. * The preliminary stress isometric is then issued to the model shop for installation on the model. * If during installation of critical piping on the model, a revision 4s required or desired by the model coordinator, it shall be marked 3@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL ‘MECHANICAL 11.0 11.4 5 ISOMETRICS AND SPOOL DRAWINGS (Cont'd) up on the preliminary stress isometric and discussed with the critical piping group leader. If the revision is confirmed the preliminary stress isometric will be returned to the project stress analyst for further review, The stress analyst and the critical piping group leader and the model coordinator shall, under the above cireustance: concentrate their efforts until the problem is resolved. * After installation on the model the final stress isometric and the system isometrics shall be prepared. NOTE: Clauses with asterisk * are particularly applicable to design by model. Non-Critical Piping (300°F and below) Where the model is used as a design tool the pipe routing is undertaken directly on the model with the aid of P & I Diagrams. When pipe routing has advanced sufficiently on the model the model coordinator will release lines for the preparation of system isometrics. Drafting, A system isometric drawing of a line is not to be started until all information concerning it 1s known (and installed on model if appli- cable), including valving, coordinates, etc. System isometrics will be drawn to scale where possible. The preferred view is with North arrow pointing to upper left or upper right of sheet. Isometric sketches are not drawn to scale, therefore they should be drawn freehand as much as possible. Line or systen should be shown in its entirety on one sheet whenever possible. System isometrics, and isometric sketches where a pipe crosses itself three or more times, should be examined to see if the drawing will be difficult to dimension or read unless split into two isometrics. Piping should be shown by single lime heavy enough to stand out from dimension line, etc. System {sometrics must include but are not limited to the following: = Line number, size, classification and direction of flow. = Simple representation of equipnent. 32i MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED L DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL. ‘MECHANICAL 11.0 ISOMETRICS AND SPOOL DRAWINGS (Cont'd) ~ Equipment numbers. ~ Dimensions, field welds, spool piece marks, coordinates and elevations. North arrow. - Coordinates and elevations of structural members if used for 2 dimensional reference. - Valving, noting operating chains and extension stens where required. ~ Valve numbers in accordance with valve list. : - location and orientation of instrument connections and instrument - numbers. - Length of straight run orifice requirements, in diameters both sides | of plate. - Vents and drains. - Miscellaneous and specialty items such as strainers, traps, flexible hoses, ete. = Pipe supports and locations. ~ Insulation, thickness of insulation, steam tracing, ete. L = Continuation references of branch lines that are not shown. - Conpleted title block, area codes, references, etc. Isometric sketches shall include information as listed above for system isometric with the following exceptions: = (a) Dimensional accuracy is not required. (b) Pipe support locations need not be accurately shown. Orthographic drawings shall include information as listed above for system isometrics. It 1s essential that piping drawings must be complete before submitting for check. |@ MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY. LIMITED. DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL 1.0 11.6 1.7 MECHANICAL | ISOMETRICS AND SPOOL DRAWINGS (Cont'd) Hangers Piping drawings which include hanger and support locations, will be issued to the pipe support group. ‘The pipe support group will select from the "Project Standard Support Details" the appropriate hanger detail. Having selected the hanger detail, the hanger schedule shall be completed. Should hanger relocation be required the piping drawing shall be marked up and returned to the lead piping designer for revision and confirmation by the project stress analyst. Should additional steelwork be required the lead designer shall arrange with the civil group for its procurement. Checking of Isometric and Spool Drawings Quality work can only be maintained by complete and accurate checking of the piping drawings. Special attention must be given to heavy wall, Jarge diameter, alloy and stress relieved piping. Piping drawinge shall be checked for conformance with P & ID's for the following: (a) Line number, size, classification, insulation, steam tracing, direction of flow. () Equipment numbers. (e) Instrument connections and numbers. @) Valve size and type. Check for compliance with piping, instrumentation and ali other applicable specifications and/or standard drawings. Check against equipment drawings and data sheets for correct nozzle sizes and ratings. Check for correct arrangement of line and connections on special equipment, control valves, multiport valves, ete.MONTREAL ENGINEERING COMPANY, LIMITED. DRAWING OFFICE MANUAL MECHANICAL ISOMETRICS AND SPOOL DRAWINGS (Cont'd) heck for correct nozzle orientation, accessibility, interferences and proper clearances, Make certain that necessary vents, drains and traps are indicated. See that comments from project, instrumentation, stress and pipe support groups are included, Make dimensional check. The originating draftsman should backcheck the corrections specified by the checker. This will assist in his development and add a double check to the quality control on the Job. After corrections are made, the model or piping drawing shoyld be updated before the Asometric is returned to the checker for the final check, Checker will sign tracing and send together with a print to the project stress analyst for review.