CHAPTER

ON

LETTERING

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>^>'^S***'

CHAPTER
ON

LETTERING
SAMPLES OF

Figures, Headings, Initials,

Scrolls

and

Titles.

PRICE 25 CENTS.

THE BROWNING PRESS

COLLINWOOD, OHIO

CONTENTS.
Sample Style

of Lettering

< *+

Practice Sheet

Common

Errors in Mechanical Drawings

Block Type

Fancy Letters

*3

Initial Letters

18

Monograms

20

Headings and Show Cards

21
JEHARYofCONGRES

Scrolls

Titles

and Tail Pieces

Two

24

OoDfes Received

APR 25 1906
C/py right Entry

on Drawings

25

Borders

27
CL/SS

Title Plate

ds'XXt, No

it/U. ftf.o.
^copy b;

28

REMARKS.
The sketches

for the following pages

E. King, Mr. C. C. Riester, Mr. F. H.

were made by Mr. E. H. Browning, Mr. W.

Meyers and Mr. W. A.
J. S.

Sibley, Mr.

Thompson.

ERRATA.
Page
Page

2,
3,

under "Form of Letters," read Fig. 7 instead of Fig.

Fig. 9 should read Fig. 7.

SECOND .EDITION

Copyrighted hy

BROWNING

COLLINWOOI), O.
1906

5.

ON LETTERING

4^A CHAPTER
T is

9s

much

to

the

letters

in

forming of
and figures as

more

A113 of the many styles of pens

used for writing may be used for
free-hand lettering, but the tee7

extensive

text- books, as
to give a collection

headings,

the

idea of instruction as

{0~
t
'

not so

titles

of

is

it

alphabets,

and borders that

will aid the student in the arrange-

ment

of

The
a

such things on drawings.

student will do well to

make

engravings,

full

collection

of

designs, letterings, comics,

initials, tail-pieces, etc.,

logues, magazines,

etc, and to put

book

figures,

from cata-

papers, books,

them

in

scrap

for future use.

Fig. 2

How to hold a ruling pen.

square and ruling pen and compass

many of the
The pen which is

be needed for

will

other styles.

best adapted for a certain piece of

>EV<S.A

The

pencil should be held at right

angles to the line to be

drawing straight

lines,

drawn when
and

at

an

angle of about 30
to the paper,
while in order to insure good smooth
the ruling pen or right line

lines,

should be held perpendicular to the

right line.

Some draftsmen and

Gillott,

Errata on opposite page.

some

ball-pointed,

coarseness

some a
and the
the point and the

a Spencerian,

some

of

a stub,

new pen should be

oil

trial

artists prefer a

pressure determines the

the

NOTE. See

work can be decided only by

line.

cleaned of

coating by dipping in the

Slant and

Form of Letters.

ink and wiping several times, or by

The
moistening with the tongue.
pen should be wiped clean every

ordinarily an angle of 45 with the

horizontal will suffice for the up

away, and should not

excepting that of the letter O. The

latter angle will have to be increased

time

it is

laid

be used in common writing inks,

for they will corroae it badly.
Keep the bottle off the drawing,

and take the pen

carry

it

and

to the ink,

carefully to avoid a blot.

Assume an easy

position as in

writing, and avoid gripping the pen

cramp the

to

fingers.

strokes and the axis of

of course

ellipses,

when the lettering

shown in Fig. 5.

is

com-

pressed as

An

angle of 6o with the hori-

zontal (Fig. 4) will make the letter

lay over considerable more than in

Fig. 2

but

stili

makes a good

ing

letter.

that

all letters in

It

look-

very important

is

the same

word and

sentence have the same inclination.

Ex n c/& el Le tt& ring

te.

is

used for

Emphas/s
Fig.

Fig.

Fig.

3.

Never use a

The Form of

4.

blotter

on the

letter-

ing as one does in writing, but allow

the ink time to dry, thus avoiding

brown and thin

When

lines.

the

inclined types

embodied

9^^lf!zJf^^A^
a drawing
save space

"

Fig. 5.

flow has been too rapid, and the ink

is

piled high, tear off a piece of the

blotter

and bring the

tip

down

to

may

be considered as

in the letter o or O,
it

would be well

until he can

make it

as indicated in Fig. 5.
Style of Letters.
An easy style of lettering
in Fig. 7,

so

for the

student to practice on

or?

to

Letters.

Almost every curve of the letters

and figures of the vertical and

that

C ompressed

6.

it

neatly,

is

shown

and the height may be

shown

the top of the globule of ink to

made

absorb some of

the body into three and the total

height into five parts, except the /,

it

it

without spreading

over the paper, as

the blotter

is

laid flat

The student, and

is

the case

upon the

if

ink.

in fact the drafts-

man, should lay out guide lines for

the height and slant of the lines.
The Slant of Letters.
It has been suggested by Mr.
Reinhardt that a slope of

to

2^

(Fig. 3) is sufficient for the stems

or down strokes of the letters, and

as

in Fig. 8.

which should be only four

Divide

parts.

Printers class the letters such as

, 6,

c, /, o,

letters,and

&c,

as " lower case"

C,D,X,Y8lc. as "caps,"

or "upper case" letters. So that a

"font" of type is a quantity made

up of upper and lower case letters.

The practice sheet (Fig. 9) is
arranged to go on a sheet

[4

19,

with border 13" x 17", allowing i-J"

margin at the left and " at the top,
bottom and right, leaving room for a
title in the lower right hand corner.
If some of the lettering is cramped,
and the lines do not fill out, simply
repeat

some

of the

Fig.

words or

figures.

8.

Following the practice sheet is a

plate giving a few "Common Errors
in Mechanical Drawing," which
will

no doubt give suggestions that

will be of value to the student.

The Block Type.

On page

8 is another sheet tLat

ma3' be used as a practice sheet,

though on much smaller paper, and

the block type (p. 6) could be ar(See
ranged for a class sheet too.
that the letter J

This type

is

is

made

right.

arranged on the basis

of 5 squares high and in most cases

4 squares wide, except /, Wand M.

By using the compass with centers
at the center of the second square

from side or top, the rounded type

is produced (Fig. 10).
The type shown afthe left on p. 7
is built up on the body of that on p. 6,
but appears to show a side and bottom of the letter, this being accomplished by aid of the 45 triangle,
going down or up as desired to -J of
the next square. This offset may be
blacker, shaded or open, as shown.
Suggestions.

Following these are styles of letters

and figures that can be used in various ways, such as headings, titles, &c.
In all cases of lettering it is better
for the student if he will sketch in
the letters with pencil, and note if
the whole lay-out is symmetrical
with a center line. It so often happens that inscriptions, headings and
titles

are placed

"any old way,"

Fig.

9.

Practice

with no respect to a center line.

This will again be taken up under

Plate.

the heading of "Titles," in another

part of this booklet.

PRACTICE PLATE-1

Sample

Sheet.

A Sample Sheet

" pi

*-

ffi-

&4s?

ft

5, SR

c
v

*a t#7q

*s

S-> ^<J

cj^o

Sff7*?F
5

_Q &i

.?>
N

'V

>

>.
cy

a .<

Common

Errors in Mechanical Drawing.

Common Errors

Mechrnicrl Drrwing.

in

R 8
R

pi

Good

Werkeneo

tant ONE OMITTED,

no distinction in weight
of Lines.

UJ*

<-

Do/v't SrtV^

^Tractura/

J/S/H.

Two Ways

MUCH VRTIC/=tL

TOO

/&/s 0*?

Rfnn-tL-n,o.

of Saying The

rs/

I L. L.

Wry

O. K.

SR/ICEI

"
.

XgJtejZS

/?i/jl/s/$

Tftan /r?acA/ne:

MflKJE /T SO IT

Stales of

JYl/x

Either

wr//

T///s /s /9 tfi//r/?r is/* Soe>

//?

Which Line Does

The RRROw Mern?

pRoptRLy Dimensioned.

(xtrefv/ ^/?6ov? J^&tra

Dont

AN RVERR&E ONE

5\oe View Omitted.

l/jed more:

by Erasure

Clerr Distinction.

LeTJERI^ LlKC JHIS JHKES

^5e

Lime,.

R BHD Dotted Line

BME

Superfluous Dimensions
Poorly disposed, Impor-

Link.

p//.

wor/c

P/HHT WE L.U.

For&ot He Started Verticrl,

Srme Thing-.

Drill rndTrp for G-rs Pipe, better sry, j" PipeTrp.

Cored Holes. BetterSry, |Core. 6"Dih.Boreo. Srt, 6"Bore.
f
As Shown
One Rioht Hrno, Mrrk 820.^ _BETTER _
n. B20.
m
\IOPPHRNO. B2I.
B2I. f
m
^
LEFT
Right HrndOne is Shown. Make Titles CoMPteTc BwtVerv Concise.
11-

.,

WSTEofTimE.
MH WONKIN6

WORKMAN.

Fair.
DWUVXINOS FOR TMC
If picture drrwings rre

required Hircrn Artist.

Don't Draw Bolts Unless Thky Arc Spccj*l

Life's Too Short To Show Nuts in Pirn.
C.I. = Crst Iron. W.I.=Wroumt Iron.
Mrl.I," Mrlleable Iron. S.C.= Steel
Crsting-. C.R.S.= Colo Rolled Steel.
Med. 5t.=Medium Steel. St. = Mild
Steel. T5.= Tool Steel. L.G.T.S. = Low

Grrde Tool Steel. M.S.= Mrchinery

Steel.

Fig.

10.

Bz.b Bronze.

Block Letters.

Sffi

fflFR

3*

R=S

55 a

m
FIG.

BOTE

11

ZZK
SI

Plain

Block Letters and Figures.

s
I

(J is

SB

FIG. 12 Plain Block fetters Rounded.

wrong.)

w*

Samples of Lettering.

Of
(Sjl

(P

J
^4

Ml

=3 ^3

(kg
IHnl

[fjjfj

e.

(J

"-

US)

^w gra

Ik,

(ST

^P

3
n

ur

'

a?
c

*N 3
* :
2>
s
sc P s?
rs h-

x^

**

tA

c
"C

J
o
(A

Q
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CD
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C^kj
Cu^^
J
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Z

a
E
C\J

CO

Practice

Plate.

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3

nbnderg tTtjklnnnopqrstuv\A/xyz

ABCDETrGH/JKLMNORQ
RS TU VWXYZ /23456 73.
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AB C D E F GHIJAZJ^VXYZ.

OPQftSTLTWVYZ 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
7

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz.

abcd-efghijklmnopqrstiivwxyz.
9

ABCDEFGMUKLrr>r>OPQRST
UVWXYZ a. 12 34567590781
&bcdefqhijklmnopqrstuvwxYZ

l0

a&CDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRS

TUVWXYZ

& 1234-567890

PFW3LEM PLATE
INSTRUMENTAL AND

abcdefqhjjklmnopqrst uvwxyz
EACH ONE ON HEAVY DRAWING PAPER*
ABOUT SEVEN BY ELEVEN INCMES

For

lettering

working drawings.

FREE

UhND

/LjET/ffr/VPr
PROBLEM 4 4.
Si*

IO

Egyptian

Letters.

be

a
<v

"EL

a
IT.

<L>

be
a3

a-

Roman

Lette7's.

:ho

T I

Skeleton Letters.

J
&%
O D
GV2

fOQ*

efei

t$s
r
it?

Shaded and

Fa?icy.

13

Heavy Body.

op3

t3

Uni

i6

Fancy Block Lettering.

-1'/.

'N

Rounded Block and Roman.

*&**Rou.2idedBloc2c

^EOMtAN^

&****

Initial Letters.

i8

INITIAL LETTERS.

THESE

are usually placed at the

TJJLANP

beginning of achapter. Sometimes each main section of a chapter is

honored with an

The same

ome

initial letter.

style is generally re-

for the complete

effects for

ive Initial display.

use
Besides demonstrating tine
the
of Blanchard Face for Initial
,

that
illustrations <5erve to prove

compositor can

work.

the Ub-lo-Date
profitably utilize this, method
for the study of rule effects.

O real

artistic ability is requir-

ed, only tbe ability to use a pen

oi- pencil Sa Straight-edge

fSlold Black

If

you. cannot

dvaw

the initial

find the letter you desire

it, get an. impression on

IJJICcttcrs

I-S

and ^possible
Initials j^Kthe

rSe
inland type FOUNDERS CO..P
Blanchard Series C*p* &c rxl*'
E>eirx 9 dorve ta pe
e~ts.
Mnk as a >study for effect-

tained throughout the book as well

as on the cover, a type being selected

and used

TYPE

possible

of

ink
a sheet

white card-board, then, pro-

ceed to draw your rule <about

the letter using ewe to imitate the Point required, renieuabei'in^ that the size of ike
,

were as early

face

of" the

rule

artistic effect

}$ 1450.%

*TttE

makes

BEST TYPE

WI

rttt

El ly

vr/

that

how

4-

can
posi

we

only

Now

ormarslhe

desired.

his

II

mea
run

where

The M
old

ivnd
i

4-

Initial Letters.

*9

20

Monograms.

&

Headings and Cards.

21

HEADINGS AND CARDS.

HE

same style of type should be used for the headings throughout a

book, magazine or catalog. Page headings may be plain or ornamental.

CARTER
r

_J: W. F\os

CO.

PS

*r <&&6&J

HARRIS* CO.

LJ) S, I W**<K<fttti.
J. e.

R.E.MARTIN,

PULLER

H.J.5MITH

CLOSBD.
T.A.HALL,

Gallert:
THE.

IINDALL'S

CENTRAL

T.J.BRADEN,

FlNfe

SHOfgfe

(UliKia

AND

BRUSH
lettering;
Latest

OLiDAV

^
i^4>[othm5
styw&s.

Suit

GIFTS.

ITIESJ

AHOSffOW/T.

45*
DrQIBSON,

dentist.

J.HUDSON,

(B

B.b- wniis.

Pamrxt^l SPECIAL

5ALE
OF

ANY

viirricLD
^

in.

Th.i5"\0iad.ovu

23f

,-7-

REMNANT5J
c

^ ^x

$ARGA/NS
Fo/t G(v/ck

Buyers.

,pb

Sf*
I

-*--,.<-

22

Headings and Cards.

&

Headings and Cards.

Tte He\fJk 1

ArchitccturajuJWL

ECHANICAL.

24

Scrolls

and Tail Pieces.

SCROLLS AND TAIL PIECES.

A

few

scrolls

and

tail

pieces are here shown.

'":*":':;;

=?^QSC^ ^^j
"XJi^^lS^

,2"

_J

W~

v(^;-

j^^L

*V~i/

y^^^^

]~y^~

&^?f< ^1

-ts^&Ssfy''' '*^r~L/0t'

*7^^^r^^x'
^f!

X^k^j^

^^Jr
I^^^N
7/

f^^r,.

;i

i/e

--;';
:

*.";

^*"
,'

Titles of

Drawings.

25

TITLES OF DRAWINGS.

THE

title of

the drawing

inscription describing

drawing
the

is

name

is

arrangement and number of words,

and then the style of lettering may

the

what the

be selected.

supposed to represent,
of the firm for

whom

made, and the maker and date.

This title may be ornamental or
plain, as the draftsman thinks best.
In some drafting rooms the space
allotted for the title is filled by a
few words and lines put on by a
rubber stamp, and some additional
data added by the draftsman.
A few forms are here shown to
give an idea of the different arrangement of wording.
A title should first be sketched
out on a piece of paper to get the

.fPR

The Warner &Swasey Co. Cleveland, 0.

DATE
SCALE
_

DRAWN BY

APPROVED

BY

M:
The
lie

lettering

is

put in so as to

equally on each side of the cen-

shown in the following

illustrations, which are shown half
ter line, as

skeleton and half finished.

3.L

3JL
34-'

Bridge 720 B/g /?un, Evansv/V/e, JJrizono.

M. K. anc/ T Ry. M/ddleD/v.

3 Spans,

S/ny/&

7op

Through

7?~<7cA',

Chords
Sco/e,

jwd

/7S-o'c.

a f/?d'P//?s.

End Posts.

*?'-/#

AMERICAN BRIDGE

CO.,

EDGEMOOR PLANT.
A

B. Co. Conii*.

No...^.

M&deby.^Z^T.

In

Charge c>t.JAl/JA$fL....

T>M_#/2fJ><>-Rev^..&/jQ_

Chocked by. jEz/:

JD&L*J?/23/6 03<ev

Order Uo..K230_

C
S\\*lzt

No./_

CtstS/ve Print ontf>/j///?e

^^" es&Ms&
Showing

title

put on with stamp and pen, also sizes of border

Drawing, Tracing and Blue Print.

lines of

26

Title,

^HBMBUI|La,XCJ[[MTlf
V

71

IT

IS

OL

BETADLi OF

ffboiArct;,

Go

<emsv

S @VE8pME/Cir
a

ROCK

ISLAND)

ROCK

ARSENAL

ISJLaMB

2HUL.

c^/^/^^fsr ti<<

cr>crr^

/.^o-sz.

scw-^*/'

Fancy Borders.

27

FANCY BORDERS.

Some fancy border

lines are here

shown

drawings and

that can be used for general

title sheets.

28

Title Plate.

A TITLE PLATE
This plate

is

on paper 14x19, with 2" margin on left and

and 1 " on top and bottom.

The type
blocks each

for the others.

i'

and

for this title plate

was taken from pages

inch for the

third and fifth rows, and

first,

on right end

8,
J

and the

inch each

APR 2S 1906