Class structure

Opening

How a
lesson
begins

These are the procedures the teacher uses

to focus the students attention on the
learning aims of the lesson

Sequenci
ng

How a
lesson is
divided
into
segment
s and
how the
segment
s relate
to each
other

These are the sequence of sub-activities

that are established as a format or script

Pacing

How a
sense of
moveme
nt is
achieved
within a
lesson

Is the extent to which a lesson maintains its

momentum and communicates a sense of
achievement. How much time to allocate to
each part of the lesson is a very important
decision which teachers must make while
planning a lesson.

-Describe the objectives of the class.

-State the information or skills the students
will learn.
-Describe what students are expected to do in
the lesson.
-Review learning from the previous lesson.
-Presentation: Topic/structure is introduced
and presented
-Controlled practice: Students are given
intense practice of the topic/structure under
the teachers supervision.
-Free practice: Topic/structure is practiced
without teachers control
-Checking: Teacher elicits the new
topic/structure to check it has been learned
-Further practice: The structure is now
practiced in new situations or in combination
with other structures.
-Avoid needless or over-lengthy explanations
and instructions.
-Using a variety of activities within a lesson,
rather than spending the whole lesson on one
activity.
-Avoid predictable and repetitive activities,
where possible.
-Selecting activities of an appropriate level of
difficulty.
-Setting a goal and time limit for activities.

Closure

How a
lesson is
brought
to an end

It refers to those concluding parts of a

lesson which server to (a) reinforce what
has been learned , (b) integrate and review
the content of a lesson, and (c) prepare the
students for further learning.

-Summarizing what has been covered in the

lesson.
-Reviewing key points of the lesson.
-Relating the lesson to objectives of the class.
-Showing how the lesson relates to the
studentsreal-world needs.