1001 cch lm giu

Nui chim b cu Php - M hnh lm giu in hnh nng

thn
Hin nay, m hnh nui chim b cu lm kinh t ang c nhn rng ra rt nhiu tnh thnh
trong c nc, ph bin cc tnh: Bc Giang, Thi Nguyn, Bc Ninh, Hi Dng, Thanh Ha,
Qung Tr, k Lk, Bnh nh,Quy trnh nui n gin, khng i hi u t nhiu, nhu cu
th trng rt ln, hiu qu kinh t t nui chim b cu c khng nh, em li thu nhp ln
cho b con nng dn.

Bi cng tags
khi nghip(294)
Trong cc m hnh nui chim b cu ly tht, ging b cu Php c la chn nhiu nht bi
y l ging chuyn tht ni ting, mi nm mt cp c th 8-9 la, trng lng chim ra rng
(28 ngy tui) t 530-580g/con. Ging chim ny c kh nng thch ng cao vi iu kin kh
hu nc ta, t l nui sng t 94-99%.

Chim b cu ra rng thng c dng lm thc phm nh nu cho, hm thuc bc tm b

sc kho. Theo ng y, tht b cu tnh bnh, v mn, dinh dng phong ph, thm, v ngt, l
loi thc phm tt cho ngi gi, tr em, ngi bnh v sn ph. Trng b cu c cha protein
9,5%, cht bo 6,4%, hp cht ng v calci, st, pht pho
Tht chim b cu c tc dng b thn kin t v, ch kh huyt, dng cho trng hp gy yu, h
nhc, tiu kht, hay qun, mt ng, thn kinh suy nhc, dinh dng khng tt, Trong y hc
c truyn, chim b cu c dng vi tn thuc l cp iu hay gia cp gm tht chim (cp iu
nhc), tit chim (cp iu huyt). Trong mt s trng hp, trng chim (cp iu non) cng
c dng. Chnh bi nhng c tnh qu ny nn tht chim b cu rt c gi trn th trng: mt
cp ging bn ra trung bnh khong 600 ngn ng/cp, cn b cu ra rng 120 ngn ng/cp.
Theo anh V Trng To- ch C s nui chim b cu Sng To: Nui chim b cu khng kh,
bi chng rt t b bnh li d tnh, ch cn lm cho chim b cu ch thong mt, sch s v
y nh sng l c. V ngun thc n th rt n gin, mt ngy chim b cu n 2 ba,
ch yu l thc v ng cng vi ngun nc ung sch. Khng phi lo v tiu th sn phm, v
b cu l thc n qu v b dng nn khch hng thng vo tn ni t hng, nhiu khi
khng c cung cp ra th trng.
Gia nh anh To n vi ngh nui chim b cu rt tnh c, l khi anh thy c nh mt ngi
bn nui chim b cu lai thy cho hiu qu kinh t cao, anh thy say lun ngh nui chim b cu.
V anh t tm ti k thut nui chim trn mng Internet, sch bo, tham gia cc lp tp hun
chuyn giao khoa hc k thut, thm quan cc m hnh nui thnh cng ti min Bc v Nam
ri anh quyt nh u t nui 50 i chim ging Php v nui th. Qua thi gian nui th
nghim, tm hiu nhu cu ca th trng, anh To nhn thy nui b cu l hng i mi em li
hiu qu kinh t cho ngi chn nui.

C s nui chim b cu Sng To, thn Tn, x Vit Ngc, huyn Tn Yn, tnh Bc Giang
Vi suy ngh , anh To quyt tm m rng m hnh nui chim b cu. n nay, gia nh
anh c khong gn 400 cp b cu b m sinh sn v lun c 100 cp b cu ging hu b
sinh sn phc v nhu cu con ging. Vi m hnh nui chim b cu, anh To tr thnh in
hnh lm kinh t gii ca x, c nhiu ngi trong v ngoi tnh n tm hiu v hc hi kinh
nghim.
Trn c s tng hp thng tin v tham kho kinh nghim ca mt s ch c s nui chim b cu,
bi vit sau y s c kt li nhng bc c bn nht trong quy trnh nui chim b cu:
1. Chn ging chim b cu
Chim b cu c chn lm ging phi m bo cc yu cu: khe mnh, lng mt, khng c
bnh tt, d tt, lanh li: con trng to hn, u th, c phn x g mi (lc thnh thc), khong
cch gia 2 xng chu hp; con mi thng c khi lng nh hn, u nh v thanh, khong
cch gia 2 xng chu rng.

Chim ging tt s mang li hiu qu nui cao

Tuy nhin, lc b rt kh phn bit, ngay c khi trng thnh chnh xc cng kh t 100%
nn khi mua cn tham kho kin ca ni mua hoc cc nh chuyn mn c kinh nghim. Do
b cu l loi chim n phi v vy khi nui sinh sn nn nui ring l tng cp. Mi cp b cu
sinh sn c th dng sn xut trong 5 nm, nhng sau 3 nm , kh nng sinh sn gim, do vy
cn phi tuyn la loi b v thay chim b m mi.
c con ging cht lng tt ngi nui nn tm mua ti cc tri, cc c s c uy tn, c quy
m v kinh nghim nhiu nm trong chn nui b cu. Ti , bn c th c cung cp nhng
kinh nghim qu bu t thc t chn nui, c h tr v k thut chung tri, cch chm sc,
phng tr bnh tt nht.
2. Chung nui
Theo kinh nghim, chung nui chim b cu phi thong mt th chim mi mau ln. Nu l nui
th t do th chung nui yu cu phi c mi che ma, nng, c cho chim mi trng. Nu
nui chim sinh sn v khai thc tht cn c chung nui khc nhau.
Lm chung nn ly tre ch ra thnh nan, sau lm thnh phn ghp li. Chung nui phi c
nh sng mt tri, kh ro, thong mt, sch s, trnh gi la, trnh n o. Nn chia chung
thnh cc nh cho mi cp chim: chiu cao 40 cm, chiu su 40 cm, chiu rng 50 cm. Mi
chung cn 2 trng v p trng t trn, mt nui con t di. Pha trc khot l

to bng ming bt cm chim c th ra vo. Mng n v mng ung cho chim nn dng bng
g hoc cht do, khng nn lm bng kim loi, m bo v sinh.

Chung nui chim b cu phi m bo k thut, v sinh v cc yu t khc

gip chim sinh trng tt
C 2 loi chung nui chim c bn:
a. Chung nui c th (dng nui chim sinh sn t 6 thng tui tr i)
Mi cp chim sinh sn cn mt chung ring. chung l mt n v sn xut, trn c
t cc , mng n, mng ung, mng ng thc n b sung v 1 i trng mi sinh sn. Kch
thc ca mt chung: Chiu cao: 40 cm; Chiu su: 60 cm; Chiu rng: 50 cm
b. Chung nui qun th: c chia lm 2 loi:

Mt khng qu dy chim sinh trng tt

Chung nui chim hu b sinh sn (t 2-6 thng tui): Kch thc ca 1 gian: Chiu di: 6m;
Chiu rng: 3,5m; Chiu cao: 5,5m (c mi). Mng n, mng ung, , mng ng thc n b
sung c thit k ring cho kiu chung ny.
Chung nui dng chim tht (nui v bo chim thng phm t 21-30 ngy tui): mt dy
hn 45-50 con/m2, khng c , khng c mng n (chng ta phi nhi trc tip cho chim n),
nh sng ti thiu.
3. Cc thit b nui
- : dng chim , p trng v nui con: do ang trong giai on nui con, chim b cu
li, nn mi i chim cn hai , p trng t trn, nui con t di.
c th lm bng g, hoc cht do nhng yu cu phi kh ro, sch s, tin cho vic v
sinh thay ra thng xuyn, c th s dng rm lt . Kch thc ca : ng knh: 20 cm 25cm, chiu cao: 7cm - 8cm.
- Mng n: Kch thc mng n cho mt i chim b m: Chiu di: 15cm; Chiu rng: 5cm;
Chiu su: 5cm x 10 cm.
- Mng ung: C th v dng hp, cc nhavi kch thc dng cho mt i chim b m:
ng knh: 5-6 cm; chiu cao: 8 -10 cm.

Mt nui chim: Nu nui nht theo kiu chung th mi chung l mt i chim sinh sn.
Nu nui th trong chung th mt l 6-8 con/m2 chung. Khi c 28 ngy tui, chim non
tch m, lc ny nui vi mt gp i nui chim sinh sn (10-14 con/m2).
Ch chiu sng: Chung tri phi thit k thong m bo cung cp nh sng cho chim.
Tuy nhin min Bc ban ngy ma ng nh sng ngn, c th lp bng n 40w chiu sng
thm vo ban m (nu nui theo quy m ln) vi cng 4-5w/m2 nn chung vi thi gian
3-4h ngy.
4. Dinh dng v thc n nui chim
a.Cc loi thc n thng s dng nui chim
Thng thng chim n trc tip cc loi ht thc vt: , ng, thc, go v mt lng cn thit
thc n gia cng cha nhiu cht khong v vitamin.
+ bao gm: xanh, en, tng,Ring tng hm lng cht bo nhiu nn cho
n t hn v phi c rang trc khi cho chim n.
+ Thc n c s: thc, ng, go, cao lng,..trong ng l thnh phn chnh ca khu phn.
Yu cu ca thc n phi m bo sch, cht lng tt, khng mc, mt.
Chim b cu cn mt lng nht nh cc ht si, gip cho chim trong qu trnh tiu ho ca d
dy (m). Kch c ca cc ht: di 0,5-0,8mm, ng knh 0,3-0,4mm. V vy nn si vo
mng dnh ring ng thc n b sung cho chim n (trn cng vi mui n v khong Premix).
b.Cch phi trn thc n
Thc n b sung (cha vo mng n ring): Khong Premix: 85%; NaCl: 5%; Si: 10%. Thng
thng lng ht u t 25-30%; ng v thc go: 75-75%. B sung lin tc trong mng cho
chim n t do.
Tuy nhin hn hp c trn nn dng vi mt lng va phi. Khng nn thc n b sung
qu nhiu trong mt thi gian di gy bin cht cc thnh phn c trong hn hp.

Phi trn thc n vi t l dinh dng hp l

Khi phi trn thc n, cng nhiu thnh phn cng tt, m bo cht lng v b sung h tr
cho nhau t hiu qu cao nht. Tuy nhin, nguyn liu khc nhau cch phi hp cng khc
nhau, thng thng lng ht u t 25-30%; ng v thc go 75-75%.
c.Cch cho n
- Thi gian: 2 ln trong ngy bui sng lc 8-9h, bui chiu lc 14-15 h, nn cho n vo mt thi
gian c nh trong ngy.
- nh lng: Tu theo tng loi chim m chng ta cho n vi s lng thc n khc nhau, thng
thng lng thc n= 1/10 trng lng c th:
- Chim 2-5 thng tui: 40-50g thc n/con/ngy:
- Chim sinh sn: (6 thng tui tr i)
+ Khi nui con: 125-130g thc n/i/ngy
+ Khng nui con: 90-100g thc n/i/ngy
d. Nc ung
Nhu cu nc ung ca chim b cu khng ln, nhng cn c nc chim ung t do.
Nc phi sch s, khng mu, khng mi v phi thay hng ngy.

C th b sung vo trong nc Vitamin v khng sinh phng bnh khi cn thit, trung bnh
mi chim b cu cn 50-90ml/ngy.
5. Cch nui dng v chm sc chim b cu
Khi ghp i xong, quen vi chung v , chim s . Trc khi chim , chun b (ch dng 1
). Dng rm kh, sch s v di lt ; nhng la u tin chim thng c hin tng lm
vi rm gy v trng, do nn bn 1 vng rm lt va kht ng knh ca . Ni p trng
phi yn tnh, c bit vi chim p ln u nn gim bt tm nhn, m thanh, nh sng chim
chuyn tm p trng.

Trong thi k chim nui con (t khi n n 28 ngy tui) cn thay lt thng xuyn
Khi chim p c 18-20 ngy s n, nu qu trng no m v lu m chim khng p v trng
chui ra th ngi nui cn tr gip bng cch bc v trng chim non khng cht ngt trong
trng.
Trong thi k nui con (t khi n n 28 ngy tui), cn thay lt thng xuyn (2-3 ngy/ln
hoc c th 1 tun/ln), trnh s tch t phn trong v l ni l tng cho k sinh trng,
vi khun v virus sinh si ny n.
Khi chim non c 7-10 ngy mi tin hnh cho th hai vo. Sau khi tch m, tng
ng c b ra ra sch, phi kh b tr la tip theo. Sau khi c 28-30 ngy tui chng
ta tin hnh tch chim non khi m.

Sau khi ri , chim non chuyn sang mt giai on mi phi t i li, t n. Giai on ny chim
cn yu, kh nng khng v kh nng tiu ho km d sinh bnh. Do cn ch cng tc
chm sc nui dng. Giai on ny nn b sung Vitamin A, B, D, cc cht khng sinh...vo
nc ung chng mm xng, tr gip tiu ho v chng cc bnh khc. Trong giai on u
c mt s con cha quen cuc sng t lp khng bit n, ung do ngi nui phi kin nhn
tp cho chim non.
Nui v bo chim ly tht: tin hnh tch m lc 20-21 ngy tui (khi lng c th t 350400g/con) dng nhi v bo vi mt : 45-50 com/m2, khng khng gian cho chim hot
ng nhiu, m bo ngoi gi n, ung th thi gian ng l chnh. Thc n dng nhi: Ng:
80%, u xanh 20%. Cch nhi: Thc n c nghin nh, vin thnh vin nh ngm cho mm
ri sy kh m bo t l thc n/nc: 1:1. nh lng: 50-80 g/con; nhi 2-3 ln/ngy; dng
tay nht thc n vo ming chim hoc my nhi nh vt; khong vn c b sung t do, cc
loi vitamin, thuc b khc c b sung trong nc ung.
6. Phng v tr bnh cho chim b cu
Chim b cu c sc khng vi dch bnh kh tt, nhng nu nui theo n trong mt khng
gian hp th nguy c mc bnh l kh ln. Mun cho chim b cu khe mnh, c sc khng
tt th trc ht chim phi c nui dng trong mi trng tt, thc n c cung cp y .
- Mt nm tim vc xin phng bnh 3 ln cho chim.
- V sinh chung tri cho chim b cu sch s. Nn nh k 2-3 thng dn dp lm v sinh
chung, sa cha v lm mi ch h hng, co sch phn, thay , phun thuc st trng
chung.

Gi gn v sinh chung tri sch s gip hn ch cc loi bnh cho chim

- V sinh mng n, mng ung: hng ngy nn ra mng ung trnh cho chim ung nc bn,
ln men do cn thc n ng li trong mng. Lng vn chuyn chim b cu cng l ngun ly
bnh cho chim, v chung c chim b bnh v cht th d dng ly nhim bnh sang chung
khc. V th lng khi dng vn chuyn chim mi cn phi c lau ra st trng cn thn.
- Hn ch cho chim l vo chung. Trnh phn chim vng vi ra mi ni. Phng trnh chut,
mo, ch, tn cng chim.
- Mt s bnh thng gp chim b cu nh: bnh kt trng, trng v mm, bnh cu trng,
bnh u ma, bnh herpes virus ng h hp, Cn phi theo di k nu chim b mc cc
bnh th nn n cc c s h tr chn nui c t vn loi thuc ph hp.
Di y, chng ti xin gii thiu ton b quy trnh nui chim b cu Php cho nng sut cao
qua bi phng vn ngn k s nng nghip Nguyn Th Phng Dung, cng tc ti Trung tm
khuyn nng Bnh Dng:
T liu: Chng trnh Bn nh nng
Kinh nghim nui chim b cu hiu qu

 nui chim b cu t hiu qu cao, ngoi nm vng k thut nui, ngi nui cng nn nm
lng mt s b quyt. Anh Nguyn Vn i, th trn Ch Thnh, huyn Tuy An, tnh Ph Yn chia
s mt s kinh nghim nui chim b cu hiu qu:
Cho chim tp lm quen vi k th: Chim b cu s nht l mo v rn, nn tp cho chim lm
quen vi chng bng cch: C mi ln cho chim n anh km theo con mo bn cnh. Ln u
cho chim thy mo, ln sau bt 2 con ln tay, ln na th mo cng n vi chim. Dn dn 2 con
gn gi nhau, mo khng v chim, chim khng s mo. Bng cch anh dng con rn nha
lm quen vi chim, cho rn vo chung chim. C nh th n chim ca anh coi mo, rn l bn
b v th m khng b i ni khc.
Gi chim li chung trnh tnh trng chim bay b ch m i ch khc: gi chng cn tp
cho chim quen hi ch bng cch nui chim cng non cng tt.
Thng xuyn thm nom cc chim mi n to cho chim khng b sc v sau, chim tr nn
dn gn gi vi ch hn.
Cho n ng gi to thi quen, d c i n xa khi n gi n chim r nhau v nh n thc n
quen thuc ca ch.
V kh nng sinh sn, mun chim u, t l n cao, con khe, nui chng ln th cn cho
chim n y , nht l cm tng hp. Nu nui tt 1 con b cu mi sau 4 -5 thng tui bt u
la u, mi la 2 trng. Sau khi p 16 18 ngy s n. Chim con s c giao cho chim
trng nui dng. Chim mi ngh dng sau 7- 10 ngy th la tip theo. C nh th 1 cp b
cu b m sau 1 nm cho ra i 17 cp con chu.
Theo nh gi ca nhiu h nui chim b cu th tm u ra cho sn phm ny khng kh. Nhu
cu ca ngi dn, cc nh hng, khch sn tiu th tht chim b cu kh cao. Mt cp ging bn
ra trung bnh khong 600 ngn ng, cn b cu ra rng 120 ngn ng/cp.
Anh Nguyn Minh Tm, thn Thin Trung, x Thin Nghip, TP Phan Thit cho bit: Nui b
cu khng phi lo khu tiu th. B cu ra rng l thc n ngon v b dng. Nhiu gia nh c
ngi au m hay gi yu thng hay n mua v hm thuc bc bi b c th. Cc nh
hng trn a bn mun mua phi t trc mi c. B cu ra rng nu khng mun bn tht th
nui vn tip tc sinh li.
Ngoi bn sn phm b cu ra rng phc v nhu cu ca khch, gia nh anh Tm cn cung cp
ging cho cc h nui trong v ngoi tnh.
M hnh lm giu t nui chim b cu nhn rng ra rt nhiu tnh thnh nc ta. Khng t h
nng dn xy dng c thng hiu uy tn. Trong s phi k n tm gng lm giu
tiu biu nh:
Trang tri b cu Sng to do anh V Trng To lm ch ti thn Tri Tn - Vit Ngc - Tn Yn
- Bc Giang. Sau hn hai nm xy dng v pht trin, trang tri ca anh cung cp chim b cu
ging, chim tht, g ging, g tht cho rt nhiu cc d n, trang tri, cc h gia nh, cc nh

hng, khch sn trn a bn tnh v cc tnh ln cn. Anh To tr thnh gng nng dn lm
giu in hnh ca tnh Bc Giang.
Trang tri nui chim b cu Ngc in ca chng thanh nin tr Nguyn Ngc Thc (28 tui),
s nh 24, tnh l 8 p 3 x Tn Thnh Ty, C Chi, thnh ph H Ch Minh. Hin nay trung
bnh mi thng trang tri ca anh cung cp cho th trng khong 600 700 cp chim vi gi
bn khong 110.000 ng/cp. Ngoi ra, anh cn lm u mi thu mua b cu ca cc h xung
quanh cung ng y cho khch hng. y l nhng c s m anh cung cp ging, hng
dn k thut. Vi cc u mi ny cng vi s chim trong tri, hng thng anh cung ng cho
khch hng khong 1.500 cp chim. Vi 1.000 cp chim b m hin nay hng thng sau khi tr
ht chi ph anh Thc thu v hn 50 triu ng/thng.

Anh Nguyn Ngc Thc (28 tui), x Tn Thnh Ty, C Chi, thnh ph H Ch Minh

M hnh nui chim b cu gip nhiu h nng dn thot ngho

Trn y l mt s m hnh nui chim b cu kh thnh cng. Hy vng bi vit c th em li
cho ngi c nhng ci nhn mi m v hng lm giu kh quan t hnh thc kinh doanh ny.
Ngu