CARPENTRY THEORY

Floor Construction

What are the nominal sizes of lumber used for floor

joists? What is the difference between nominal and
actual size? What is the difference between OSB and
plywood?
The nominal size of lumber for floor joist is 2x12. The
difference is that the actual size of a 2x4 is 1 by 3
which would make 2x12 1 by 11 .

Tail Joist

Ashortbeam,joi
st,orrafter,
whichissupporte
dbyaheader
joistatoneenda
ndawallat
theother.Alsocal
ledatail
beamortail joist.

Subfloor

Subfloor is the foundation for a floor

in a building.

Construction Adhesive

A construction adhesiveis any

substance applied to the surfaces of
materials that binds them together
and resists separation.

Sill

A sill is a shelf or slab of stone, wood,

or metal at the foot of a window or
doorway.

Ribbon Joist

Bandsill, box sill orrim joist is a term

for thejoist along the outside edges
of the floor system.

Crown

Crown is an ornamental molding

around the wall of a room just below
the ceiling.

Joist Hangers

Joist hangers are metalangle orstrap used to

support and fix the ends of
woodjoistsorrafterstobeamsorgirders. This
type of anchoracts inshearand intension.

Two different types of hammers

Claw Hammer

The most popular

hammer for general
work, available with a
wooden (often
hickory), glass-fibre
or steel handle; with
or without rubber
grip.

Ball Pein

Normally used by
engineer's, the
pein in this case, is
rounded and is
usually used for
shaping metal and
closing rivets.

Two different types of squares

Swanson/Stanley Speed Square tips

Combination Square

Good for marking lines at 90, 45

and 135 and with an adjustable
sliding ruler that can also be used to
mark a parallel line along the work
piece.
The adjustable ruler can also be used
for measuring the depth of mortices
or similar areas by placing the square
stock of the square onto the face of
the timber and sliding
the ruler into the
mortice
until it stops.

Is really handy for lots of jobs

but primarily roofing carpentry
including hip rafters.
Could also be a guide when
using a circular saw to cut
timber perfectly square,
quickly. Its made of one piece
of metal it's much less likely to
become untrue if dropped or
just over time and use The
speed square is smaller than
the framing square
so and more portable
(fits in your
pouch).

Difference between pry bar & ripping bar

Pry Bar

Ripping Bar

Different types of screwdrivers