EIO

9
vi
fi = fi % = 100 fi
v
:
0 fi 1, i = 1, 2, ...,

f1 + f2 + +fk = 1

i = 1 + 2 + +i, vi = Ni Ni

Fi = f1 + f2 + +fi, fi = Fi Fi

9 Y
360
i = vi = 360fi
v

9
R
c = ,

R: :

1. ( )
1
x = t i ( )

1
x = x i i = x i f i ( xi i)

O
xi, i i .
y y = x + , y = x +
Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising
. 210 3840020

2.
x=

x i w i w x .
i
i
wi

, , .
3.
:



.
4.
.

.

9
1. (R)
.
2. (s2)
s2 =

2
1
(t i x ) ( )

( t i ) 2 s 2 = x i2 x 2
1
t i2

:
s2 =

( x i i ) 2
1
x i2 i

: xi i .
s2 =

1
xi x

s2 =

3. (s)
s = s2
:

i) 68% x - s , x + s

(
)
ii) To 95% (
x - 2s , x + 2s )
iii) To 99,7% (
x - 3s , x + 3s )
iv) To , R 6s
2

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

4. (c)
s
c =
, x 0
( )
x
c 10% .
y = + x :
S 2y = 2S 2x S y = S

5.

x iy i ( x i )( y i ) 
x
y=
+
x , 
: 
, = y
=
2
x i2 ( x i )

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

A B, , .

9
" ,"

( )

" , " ( )
" ,"
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
" "

N(A)
P(A) = ( )
N()

P() = 1

P() = 0

0 P(A) 1

= {1, 2, , } . {i}
P(i) :
0 P( i ) 1

P( 1) + P( 2 ) +... +P( ) = 1

P(i) {i}.
= {1, 2, , }
P(A) = P(1) + P(2) + + P().
P() = 0
: P() = 1

, , P(A B) = P(A) + P(B)
.
P(A) = 1 P(A)

P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) P(A B)

P(A) P(B)
P(A B) = P(A) P(A B)

= 4 + , = 0, 1, 2, 3 :

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

1,
i,

iv =
1,
i,

= 0
= 1
= 2

= 3
z1 = + i z2 = + i :
z1 = z 2 =

z1 = 0 = 0

=0

z1 + z2 = ( + ) + ( + )i

z1 z 2 = ( ) + ( )i

z1 z2 = ( ) + ( + )i

z1 +
i
= 2
+
z2
+ 2 2 + 2

z = + i z = i :
z + z = 2

z z = 2i

z = + i :
z

z =z

z z = z

z = + i :
z =

2 + 2

z1 z2 = z1 z2

z = z

z = z = z

z1
z
= 1 ,
z2
z2

z2 0

z1 z 2

z1 + z 2

= zz

z1 +

z :
z z0 = , > 0 (zo) .
z :
z z1 = z z 2 (z1) (z2)
:
= z

z = + i = ( + i)

= , = ( z).

z1 = 1(1 + i1)

z 2 = 2( 2 + i 2) , :
z1 = z 2 1 = 2 1 2 = 2,

z1 z2 = 1 2 [ ( 1 + 2 ) + i( 1 + 2 )

z1

= 1 [ (1 2 ) + i(1 2 ) ]
z2 2

z = ( + i)
, :
z = [ () + i() ]
z = ( + i) ( + i)
:
z =

2 +
2 +

+ i
,

= 0,1,2,..., - 1

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

z0 = + i , z0 = i .

9
f g .
f
f + g, f g, f g A B A B g
x g(x) = 0.
:
(f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x)

(f - g)(x) = f(x) - g(x)

f(x)
f
(x) =

g(x)
g

(f g)(x) = f(x) g(x)

f, g , , f g, gof
(gof)(x) = g ( f(x) )

A1 = { x / f(x) }
f 1-1 , :
f 1(f(x)) = x

9 x

f ( f 1(y) ) = y

lim f(x) = A lim ( f(x) A ) = 0

x x0

x x0

lim f(x) = A lim f(x 0 + h) = A

x x0

h 0

lim x = x 0 lim c = c

x x0

x x 0

lim x = x 0 lim x = x 0

x x0

x x0

x
lim
=1
x 0 x

li m x 1 = 0
x

x 0

9
f, g, h :
f(x) = l
h(x) f(x) g(x) x0 lim h(x) = lim g(x) = A xlim
x
x x0

x x0

9
lim 1 = 0,
x
+,

lim x =

lim 1 = 0
x
x x

lim x = +

x +

x +

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

A P(x) = x + 1x 1 + .... + 1x + 0,

Q(x) = x + 1x

+ .... + 1x + 0,

lim P(x) = lim ( x )

x +

x +

x
P(x)
lim
= lim
x + Q(x)
x + x

0,

lim P(x) = lim P( x )

x
P(x)
= lim
lim
x Q(x)
x x

> 1,
lim x = +

lim x = 0

x +

lim log x = +

x +

lim l og

x 0 +

x =

0 < < 1,
lim x = 0

x +

lim log x =

x +

lim x = +

lim log x = +

x 0 +

f x0 A. :
lim f(x) = f(x 0 ) f x0.
x x0

Bolzano
f [, ].
f [, ]
f() f() < 0,
, x0 (, ) , f(x0) = 0.

f [, ].
f [, ]
f() f(),
n f() f() , x0 (, )
f(x0) = n

f [, ], x1, x2 [, ] m = f(x1) M = f(x2), :
m f(x) M, x [, ].

1. = [, ]
. f A f(A) = [f(),f()]
. f A f(A) = [f(),f()]
2. = (, )

(x

(x

. f A

f(A) = lim + f(x), lim f(x)

. f

f(A) = lim f(x), lim + f(x)

)
)

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

9
f x0 A.
f(x) f(x 0 )
f x0 A lim

x x0
x x0
, :
f(x) f(x 0 )
x x0
Cf (x0, f(x0)) :
y f(x0) = f(x0)(x x0)
x0 , .
f(x 0 ) = lim

x x0

9
( c ) = 0

(x ) = x 1,

(x) = 1

{0,1}

1 , x (0, +)
2 x
(x) = x
(x) = x

x ) =

(ln x) = 1, x > 0
x

(e x ) = e x
(x ) = x 1,

( x ) = x ln, > 0, x

( f (x) )

= f 1(x) f (x)

1 f (x)
2 f(x)
( f(x) ) = f(x) f (x)

( f(x) ) =

( f(x) ) = f(x) f (x)

( e f(x) ) = e f(x) f (x)
( ln f(x) ) = 1 f (x)

f(x)

f :
[, ]
(, ),
, (, ) :
f() =

f() f()

Rolle
f :
[, ]
(, )
f() = f()
, (, )
8

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

f() = 0

f :

f(x) = 0 ,
f .
f, g :
f, g
f(x) = g(x) ,
c
f(x) = g(x) + c
f, .
f(x) > 0 , f .
f(x) < 0 , f .
Fermat
f x0
. f x0
f~(x0) = 0.
f
.
f(x) > 0 x , f .
f(x) < 0 x , f .

9 A
y = x + f + ,
lim

f(x)
=
x

lim

f(x)
=
x

x +

lim [f(x) x] =

x +

:
x

lim [f(x) x] =

9 K de L~ Hospital
lim f(x) = 0,
x x0

lim g(x) = 0,

x x0

lim

x x0

lim f(x) = +,
x x0

x0

f (x)
f(x)
= lim
g(x) x x 0 g(x)

lim g(x) = +, x 0

x x0

lim

x x0

f (x)
{ , +} xlim
:
x 0 g(x)

f (x)
{, +} xlim
:
x 0 g(x)

f (x)
f(x)
= lim
g(x) x x 0 g(x)

+ , ,
+
Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising
. 210 3840020

9

f (x)dx = f(x) + c,

0dx = c

1dx

1 dx = ln x + c,
x

x 0

= x +c

+1
x dx = x
+ c, 1
+1
xdx = x + c

xdx = x + c
1 dx = x + c
2 x
12 dx = x + c
x

e x dx = e x + c
x
x dx = + c
ln
f(x)d(x) = f(x)d(x)

( f(x) + g(x) )dx = f(x)dx + g(x)dx

f(x)g(x)dx = f(x)g(x) f (x)g(x )d x

f ( g(x) )g(x)dx = f(u )du

u = g(x)

du = g~(x)dx

f(x)dx = f( x)dx

f(x)dx = 0
f(x) 0

f(x)dx

f(x)dx = f(x)dx

[f(x) + g(x)]dx = f(x)dx + g(x)dx

[f(x) + g(x)]dx = f(x)dx + g(x)dx

f [, ], f(x) 0 x [, ]
f , :

10

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

f(x)dx

>0

f , , , :

f(x)dx

9 H

F(x) =

f(x)dx + f(x)dx

f(t)dt

f ,
x
F(x) = f(t)dt, x
f .
F(x) =

f(t)dt

) = f(x)

F f [, ] :

f(x)dx

= F() F()

9 O

f(x)g(x)dx = [ f(x)g(x) ]

f (x)g(x)dx

9 O

f ( g(x) ) g(x)dx =

u2

f(u)du

u = g(x), du = g~(x)dx, u1 = g() u2 = g()

9
f [, ], , ,
(, ) ,

f(x)dx

= f()( )

9 E
f f [, ].
f x~x x =
x = :
E=

f(x) dx

f, g [, ]. f, g x =
x = :
E=

f(x) g(x) dx

Orbit Graphic Design & Advertising

. 210 3840020

11