CHNG 2

I S BOOLE V CNG
LOGIC

I. I S BOOLE
Gii thiu
Trong mch s tn hiu thng 2 mc (0 v 1)
m t hot ng ca mch s ngi ta dng h nh

phn.
Mt b mn i s c pht trin t cui th k 19 mang
tn chnh ngi sng lp ra n, l i s Boole
i s Boole cn gi l i s logic rt thch hp cho vic
m t mch s.
i s Boole l cng c ton hc quan trng thit k
v phn tch mch s.

I. I S BOOLE
Cc php ton trong i s Boole

i s Boole thc hin ch yu 3 php tnh sau:

Php cng th hin qua hm OR
Php nhn th hin qua hm AND
Php o th hin qua hm NOT

I. I S BOOLE
Cc php ton trong i s Boole
Php cng (OR)
0+0=0
0+1=1
1+0=1
1+1=1

Php nhn (AND)

0x0=0
0x1=0
1x0=0
1x1=1

Php o (NOT)

0 1
1 0

I. I S BOOLE
Cc nh l i s Boole

AA
A.0 = 0
A.1 = A
A.A = A

A+ 0 =A
A+ 1 = 1
A+ A= A

A.A 0

A A 1

I. I S BOOLE
Tnh cht
Phn phi
A(B + C) = AB + AC
(A + B)(C + D) = AC + BC + AD + BD
Giao hon
A.B = B.A
A+ B = B +A
Kt hp
ABC = (AB)C = A(BC) = (AC)B
A + B + C = A + (B + C) = (A + B) + C

I. I S BOOLE
Mt s ng thc hu dng

A(A B) A
A AB A
AB A B A
A AB A B
A(A B) AB

( A B)(A B) A
( A B)(A C) A BC

AB AC BC AB AC
(A B)(A C)(B C) (A B)(A C)

I. I S BOOLE
nh l De Morgan

ABC ... A B C ...

A B C ... A.B.C...

II. CNG LOGIC

Cng o
o K hiu
o Biu thc
YA
o Bng trng thi
Ng vo

Ng ra

0
1

1
0

II. CNG LOGIC

Cng AND
o K hiu
o Biu thc
Y AB
o Bng trng thi

Ng vo
A
B
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1

Ng ra
Y
0
0
0
1

II. CNG LOGIC

Cng NAND
K hiu

Y AB
Biu thc
Bng trng thi

Ng vo
A
B
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1

Ng ra
Y
1
1
1
0

II. CNG LOGIC

Cng OR
o K hiu
o Biu thc
Y AB
o Bng trng thi

Ng vo
A
B
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1

Ng ra
Y
0
1
1
1

II. CNG LOGIC

Cng NOR
o K hiu
o Biu thc
Y AB
o Bng trng thi

Ng vo
A
B
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1

Ng ra
Y
1
0
0
0

II. CNG LOGIC

Cng EXOR
K hiu
Biu thc Y AB A B
Bng trng thi

Ng vo
A
B
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1

Ng ra
Y
0
1
1
0

II. CNG LOGIC

Cng EXNOR
K hiu
Biu thc Y A B AB
Bng trng thi

Ng vo
A
B
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1

Ng ra
Y
1
0
0
1

II. CNG LOGIC

K hiu cc cng logic theo IEEE/ANSI

III. S CHUYN I GIA CC CNG LOGIC

III. S CHUYN I GIA CC CNG LOGIC

III. S CHUYN I GIA CC CNG LOGIC

THIT LP BIU THC LOGIC

Thit lp biu thc logic ca mch sau

THC HIN MCH T BIU THC LOGIC

Thc hin mch t biu thc logic sau

Y AC BC ABC

P DNG CC NH L I S BOOLE
RT GN BIU THC LOGIC
Rt gn biu thc

Y1 A BC A BC

A B(C C) A B

Y2 ABC ABD AB
AB (C D 1) AB
Y3 AB (A C)
AB A ABC ABC
Y4 A BC.A
A.BC.A ABC A 0

P DNG CC NH L I S BOOLE
RT GN BIU THC LOGIC
n gin hm

Y ABC AB C A BC
AB (C C) A BC
AB A BC
A( B BC)
A ( B C)

P DNG CC NH L I S BOOLE
RT GN BIU THC LOGIC
n gin mch

Vit hm

Y (A B)(A B C)C

P DNG CC NH L I S BOOLE
RT GN BIU THC LOGIC
n gin mch

Y (A B)(A B C)C
AAC ABC ACC BA C BBC BCC
0 ABC 0 AB C BC 0
BC(A A 1) BC

III. Ba Karnaugh

III. Ba Karnaugh
2 bin

III. Ba Karnaugh
3 bin

BC

ABC

BC

ABC

AB

III. Ba Karnaugh
4 bin

BD

BD

III. Ba Karnaugh
4 bin

BD

BD

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)
Nhm cc con s 1 k nhau theo nguyn tc 1, 2, 4, 8,

con s 1. u tin cho nhm c nhiu con s 1 (nu c th)

Mi mt con s c th c nhm nhiu ln nhng phi
theo nguyn tc cc nhm khng c hon ton chng
ln nhau (tc l trong mi nhm phi c t nht 1 con s 1
cha nm trong nhm khc)

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)
Xt trong 1 nhm nhng bin no thay i gi tr th b

qua, nhng bin no khng i gi tr th gi li v ly

tch gia cc bin ny.
Cui cng ly tng ca cc tch va tm c ta c c
hm n gin

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)
B

AC

AC + + D

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)

CD + + D

CD

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)
B
D

+ BC + AC + ABD

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)
B

D + + AC

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)
B

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)
B

+ + ACD

ACD

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php SP (Sum of Products)

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Phng php PS (Product of Sums)

)(

III. Ba Karnaugh
Cch n gin hm i s Boole dng ba K
Trng thi Dont care: X
B
0

III. Ba Karnaugh
n gin cc hm sau

+ ACD

D + BD
D

Vit hm t bng trng thi

Gi s ta c bng trng thi nh sau:
Ng vo

Ng ra

0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1

Vit hm dng PS
ABC
ABC

ABC

Y (A B C)( A B C)( A B C)

Vit hm t bng trng

thi
Gi s ta c bng trng thi nh sau:
Ng vo

Ng ra

0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1

Vit hm dng SP
A.B.C
A.B.C
A.B.C
A.B.C
A.B.C

Y A.B.C A.B.C A.B.C A.B.C ABC

IV. Thit k mch logic t hp

Cc bc thit k

1. T yu cu ca bi ton xc nh cc bin ng vo v cc
hm ng ra tng ng.
2. Vit bng trng thi th hin mi quan h gia cc ng
vo v ng ra.
3. Vit hm ng ra (c th vit theo SP hoc PS)
4. n gin hm.
5. V mch t hm n gin.
6. Chuyn mch sang dng mt loi cng no .

IV. Thit k mch logic t hp

V d 1:

Thit k mch logic t hp c 3 ng vo v 1 ng ra vi yu

cu ng ra s ln mc cao khi a s cc ng vo mc cao.
a. Thit k mch sao cho s cng s dng t nht
b. Thit k mch ch s dng 1 loi cng NAND 2 ng vo

IV. Thit k mch logic t hp

V d 2:

Thit k mch logic t hp c 2 ng vo d liu A v B, 1

ng vo iu khin C v 1 ng ra Y vi yu cu nu C
mc thp th d liu A ra Y, C mc cao th d liu B ra Y.
a. Thit k mch sao cho s cng s dng t nht
b. Thit k mch ch s dng 1 loi cng NOR 2 ng vo

Cc phng php biu din mch t hp

Dng tng tch
K hiu tng
K hiu tch

V d: (vi C l LSB, A l MSB)

YA ,B,C (1,3,4,6)

Y A BC ABC A BC ABC

YA ,B,C (2,3,5)

Y (A B C)( A B C)( A B C)

Cc phng php biu din mch t hp

Dng phng trnh i s

YA ,B,C

A.B

Nu A = C

YA ,B,C

AB

Nu B = C

Nu A C

Nu B C