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TIU CHUN VIT NAM

TCVN 7447-5-54 : 2005

IEC 60364-5-54 : 2002
H THNG LP T IN CA CC TA NH - PHN 5-54: LA CHN V LP
T THIT B IN - B TR NI T, DY BO V V DY LIN KT BO V
Electrical installations of buildings - Part 5-54: Selection and erection of electrical
equipment - Earthing arrangements, protective conductors and protective
bonding conductors
Li ni u
TCVN 7447-5-54 : 2005 hon ton tng ng vi tiu chun IEC 60364-5-54 : 2002.
TCVN 7447-5-54 : 2005 do Ban k thut tiu chun TCVN/TC/E1 My in v kh c in bin son,
Tng cc Tiu chun o lng Cht lng ngh, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh ban hnh.
Li gii thiu
B tiu chun TCVN 7447 gm nhiu phn, cch nh s cc iu trong tng phn c tin hnh nh
sau: bt u l s th t ca phn (v d tiu chun ny l 54), tip l s th t cc iu. Vic nh
s cc hnh v v bng cng c tin hnh tng t.

H Ni 2005
Khng mua bn di mi hnh thc

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H THNG LP T IN CA CC TA NH - PHN 5-54: LA CHN V LP

T THIT B IN - B TR NI T, DY BO V V DY LIN KT BO V
Electrical installations of buildings - Part 5-54: Selection and erection of electrical
equipment - Earthing arrangements, protective conductors and protective
bonding conductors
541. Qui nh chung
541.1 Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny qui nh cc b tr ni t, dy bo v v dy lin kt bo v tha mn yu cu v an
ton ca h thng lp t in.
541.2 Ti liu vin dn
Cc ti liu vin dn di y rt cn thit cho vic p dng tiu chun. i vi cc ti liu vin dn ghi
nm ban hnh th p dng cc bn c nu. i vi cc ti liu vin dn khng ghi nm ban hnh th p
dng phin bn mi nht, bao gm c cc sa i. Tuy nhin, cc bn c tha thun da trn tiu chun
ny cn nghin cu kh nng p dng phin bn mi nht ca cc ti liu lit k di y.
IEC 60050 (195), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Part 195: Earthing and protection
against electric shock (T vng k thut in quc t (IEV) - Phn 195: Ni t v bo v chng in
git).
IEC 60287-1-1, Electric cables - Calculation of the current rating - Part 1-1: Current rating equations
(100% load factor) and calculation of losses - General (Cp in lc - Tnh thng s dng in - Phn 1-1:
Cng thc tnh thng s dng in (h s ti 100%) v tnh tn hao - Qui nh chung).
TCVN 7447-4-41 (IEC 60364-4-41), H thng lp t in ca cc ta nh - Phn 4-41: Bo v an ton Bo v chng in git.
TCVN 7447-4-43 (IEC 60364-4-43), H thng lp t in ca cc ta nh - Phn 4-43: Bo v an ton Bo v chng qu dng.
TCVN 7447-4-44 (IEC 60364-4-44), H thng lp t in ca cc ta nh - Phn 4-44: Bo v an ton Bo v chng nhiu in p v nhiu in t.
IEC 60364-5-52, Electrical installations of buildings - Part 5-52: Selection and erection of electrical
equipment - Wiring systems (H thng lp t in ca cc ta nh - Phn 5-52: La chn v lp t thit
b in - H thng i dy).
IEC 60724, Short-circuit temperature limits of electric cables with rated voltages of 1 kV (Um = 1,2 kV) and
3 kV (Um = 3,6 kV) (Gii hn nhit khi ngn mch ca cp in lc c in p danh nh 1 kV (Um =
1,2 kV) v 3 kV (Um = 3,6 kV))
IEC 60853-2, Calculation of the cyclic and emergency current rating of cables - Part 2: Cyclic rating of
cables greater than 18/30 (36) kV and emergency ratings for cables of all voltages (Tnh thng s dng
in chu k v dng in khn cp ca cp - Phn 2: Thng s chu k ca cp ln hn 18/30 (36) kV v
thng s khn cp i vi cp mi in p).
IEC 60909-0, Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systems - Part 0: Calculation of currents (Dng
in ngn mch trogn h thng in ba pha xoay chiu - Phn 0: Tnh ton dng in).
IEC 60949, Calculation of thermally permissible short-circuit currents, taking into account non-adiabatic
heating effects (Tnh ton dng in ngn mch cho php v nhit, c tnh n cc hiu ng gia nhit phi
on nhit).
IEC 61024-1, Protection of structures against lightning - Part 1: General principles (Bo v chng st cho
cng trnh xy dng - Phn 1: Nguyn tc chung).
IEC 61140, Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installation and equipment (Bo v
chng in git - Cc kha cnh chung i vi h thng lp t v thit b).
IEC Guide 104, The preparation of safety publications and the use of basic safety publications and group
safety publications (Son tho cc ti liu v an ton v s dng cc ti liu an ton c bn v ti liu an
ton nhm).
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541.3 nh ngha
Tiu chun ny p dng cc nh ngha ca IEC 61140 cng vi cc nh ngha ly t IEC 60050 (195)
di y.
Cc nh ngha dng cho b tr ni t, dy bo v v dy lin kt bo v c minh ha trong ph lc B
v lit k di y:
541.3.1
b phn dn trn
b phn dn c th chm vo ca thit b v bnh thng th khng mang in nhng c th tr thnh
mang in khi hng cch in chnh.
[IEV 195-06-10]
541.3.2
u ni t chnh
(thanh ci ni t chnh)
u ni hoc thanh ci l mt phn ca b tr ni t ca h thng lp t cho php u ni in mt s
dy dn cho mc ch ni t.
[IEV 195-02-33]
541.3.3
in cc t
b phn dn c th c t trong mi trng dn c bit, v d nh b tng hoc than cc, c tip xc
in vi t.
[IEV 195-02-01]
541.3.4
dy bo v
dy dn c trang b nhm mc ch an ton, v d nh bo v chng in git.
[IEV 195-02-09]
541.3.5
dy lin kt bo v
dy bo v c trang b cho lin kt ng th bo v.
[IEV 195-02-10]
541.3.6
dy ni t
dy dn to ng dn, hoc mt phn ca ng dn, ni mt im xc nh trong h thng in hoc
trong h thng lp t hoc trong thit b vi in cc t.
[IEV 195-02-03]
CH THCH: Trong tiu chun ny, dy ni t l dy dn ni in cc t vi mt im trong h thng
lin kt ng th, thng l u ni t chnh.
541.3.7
b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t
b phn dn khng phi l mt phn ca h thng lp t in nhng c kh nng a vo h thng mt
in th, thng l in th ca t cc b.
[IEV 195-06-11]
542. B tr ni t
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542.1 Yu cu chung
542.1.1 B tr ni t c th c s dng chung hoc ring cho mc ch bo v v mc ch chc
nng theo yu cu ca h thng lp t in. Phi lun u tin cc yu cu i vi mc ch bo v.
542.1.2 in cc t trong h thng lp t, nu c cung cp, phi c ni n u ni t chnh
bng dy ni t.
542.1.3 Phi xem xt cc b tr ni t c dng trong cc h thng cao p v h p (xem TCVN 74474-44 (IEC 60364-4-44), iu 442).
542.1.4 Yu cu i vi b tr ni t l cung cp mi ni t:
- tin cy v thch hp vi cc yu cu bo v ca h thng lp t;
- c th mang dng in s c vi t v dng in ca dy bo v xung t m khng c nguy him do
ng sut nhit, c nhit v c in cng nh nguy him in git pht sinh t cc dng in ny;
- nu lin quan, cng thch hp vi cc yu cu chc nng.
542.2 in cc t
542.2.1 Vt liu v kch thc ca in cc t phi c chn chu c n mn v c bn
c.
i vi cc vt liu thng thng, kch thc chung nh nht v pha cnh n mn v bn c ca
in cc t khi t trong t c cho trong bng 54.1.
CH THCH: Nu c h thng bo v chng st (LPS) th p dng IEC 61024-1.
Bng 54.1 - Kch thc chung nh nht i vi in cc t lm t vt liu thng thng v kha
cnh n mn v bn c khi t trong t
Kch thc nh nht
Vt
liu

Thp

B mt

Hnh dng

Chiu
ng
Mt ct
dy
knh
2
mm
mm
mm

M km nhng Dt
a
nng hoc
a,b
Thp gc
Khng g
Thanh trn dng
cho in cc
chn di t

Chiu dy lp ph/lp bc
Gi tr ring
m

Gi tr trung
bnh
m

90

63

70

90

63

70

63

70

16

Dy trn dng
cho in cc t
g
trn mt t

10

ng

25

Thanh trn dng

cho in cc
chn di t

15

2 000

C lp ph
Thanh trn dng
ng bng
cho in cc
phng php chn di t
m in lng
ng

14

90

Bc ng

ng trn

Dt
Dy trn dng
cho in cc t
g
trn mt t

Khng mua bn di mi hnh thc

50

50
25

47

55

100

2
f

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Cp

1,8 i
vi tng
dy bn

ng

20

Ph thic

Cp

1,8 i
vi tng
dy bn

Ph km

Dt

25

2
25

50

20

40

Cng c th dng cho in cc t trong b tng.

Khng c lp ph.

L thp dt dng cun hoc x rnh ln trn mp.

Dt c ln trn mp.

Trong trng hp m nhng lin tc, hin ti v k thut ch t c chiu dy 50 m.

Nu kinh nghim cho thy nguy c n mn v hng v c l cc thp th c th s dng mt

2
ct 16 mm .
g

Mt in cc t c coi l in cc t trn mt t khi lp t su khng vt qu 0,5

m.
542.2.2 Hiu qu ca in cc t bt k ph thuc vo iu kin t ai ti ch. Phi chn mt hoc
nhiu in cc t thch hp vi iu kin t ai v gi tr in tr t yu cu.
542.2.3 C th s dng cc v d v in cc t di y:
- mng kt cu ngm t trong mng (mng ni t);
- tm kim loi;
- phn ct thp ca b tng (tr b tng c sn) t trong t;
- thanh hoc ng;
- dng dt hoc dy;
- v bc bng kim loi v lp ph kim loi khc ca cp theo iu kin hoc yu cu cc b;
- li kim loi chn ngm thch hp khc theo iu kin hoc yu cu cc b.
CH THCH 1: xtrylia, B, Phn Lan, Php, c, Thy in, Thy S v Anh, khng cho php s
dng ng nc lm in cc t.
CH THCH 2: cho php s dng h thng ng nc nhng phi c s ng ca nh phn phi
nc.
542.2.4 Khi chn loi in cc t v su chn in cc t, phi xem xt cc iu kin cc b v qui
nh k thut sao cho d t kh v ng bng cng khng c kh nng lm tng in tr tip t ca
in cc t n gi tr c th lm nh hng xu n cc bin php bo v chng in git (xem TCVN
7447-4-41 (IEC 60364-4-41)).
CH THCH: c, mi cng trnh xy dng mi bt buc phi lp t mt in cc t mng theo
tiu chun quc gia DIN 18014.
542.2.5 Phi xem xt s n mn in phn khi s dng cc vt liu khc nhau trong mt b tr ni t.
542.2.6 Khng c s dng ng kim loi dn cht lng hoc cht kh d chy lm in cc t.
CH THCH: Yu cu ny khng c ngha l lin kt bo v ca cc ng kim loi ny khng ph hp vi
TCVN 7447-4-41 (IEC 60364-4-41).
542.3 Dy ni t

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542.3.1 Dy ni t phi ph hp vi 543.1 v nu c chn trong t th mt ct ca dy phi ph hp

vi bng 54.2.
Trong h thng TN, nu khng c dng in s c ng k chy trong in cc t th dy ni t c th
c kch thc theo 544.1.1.
Bng 54.2 - Mt ct ti thiu ca dy ni t chn trong t
C bo v v c

Khng c bo v v c

C bo v chng n 2,5 mm i vi dy dn bng ng 16 mm i vi dy dn bng ng

2
2
10 mm i vi dy dn bng st
16 mm i vi dy dn bng st
mn
2

Khng c bo v
chng n mn

25 mm i vi dy dn bng ng
2
50 mm i vi dy dn bng st

542.3.2 Ni mt dy ni t vi mt in cc t phi chc chn v tip xc tt v in. Vic ni phi

bng mi hn h quang ta nhit, b ni p lc, kp hoc b ni c kh khc. B ni c kh phi c lp
t theo hng dn ca nh ch to. Nu s dng kp th kp khng c lm hng in cc hoc dy
ni t.
CH THCH: C cu ni hoc ph kin ni ch da vo thic hn l khng tin cy v bn c.
542.4 u ni t chnh
542.4.1 Trong mi h thng lp t, nu s dng lin kt bo v th phi c u ni t chnh v phi
c ni vi:
- dy lin kt bo v;
- dy ni t;
- dy bo v;
- dy ni t chc nng, nu lin quan.
CH THCH 1: Khng nn ni trc tip tng dy bo v vi u ni t chnh khi dy bo v c ni
n u ni ny bng cc dy bo v khc.
CH THCH 2: Thng thng, c th s dng u ni t chnh ca ta nh cho mc ch ni t chc
nng. i vi mc ch cng ngh thng tin th u ni t chnh c coi nh im u ni vi mng
in cc t.
542.4.2 Phi c kh nng ngt tng dy dn ring r ni vo u ni t chnh. Mi ni ny phi chc
chn v ch c th ngt bng dng c.
CH THCH: Phng tin ngt c th c kt hp vi u ni t chnh cho php o in tr ca b
tr ni t.
543. Dy bo v
543.1 Mt ct ti thiu
543.1.1 Mt ct ca tng dy bo v phi tha mn cc iu kin ngt ngun t ng qui nh trong
413.1 ca TCVN 7447-4-41 (IEC 60364-4-41) v phi c kh nng chu c dng in s c k vng.
Mt ct ca dy bo v phi c tnh theo 543.1.2 hoc c chn theo bng 54.3. Trong c hai trng
hp, phi tnh n cc yu cu ca 543.1.3.
Cc u ni dng cho dy bo v phi c kh nng tip nhn dy dn c kch thc yu cu trong iu
ny.
Bng 54.3 - Mt ct ti thiu ca dy bo v
Mt ct ti thiu ca dy bo v tng ng
Mt ct ca dy pha, S
mm

Khng mua bn di mi hnh thc

mm

Nu dy bo v cng vt liu Nu dy bo v khng cng

vi dy pha
vt liu vi dy pha

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S 16

k1
xS
k2

16 < S 35

16

S > 35

S
2

k1
x 16
k2

k1
S
x
k2
2

trong
k1 l gi tr ca k dng cho dy pha, chn t bng A.54.1 hoc t bng ca TCVN 7447-4-43
(IEC 60364-4-43), theo vt liu lm dy dn v cch in.
k2 l gi tr ca k dng cho dy bo v, chn t bng A.54.2 n A.54.6, khi p dng c.
a

i vi dy PEN, ch cho php gim mt ct theo cc nguyn tc dng cho kch thc dy
trung tnh (xem IEC 60364-5-52).

543.1.2 Mt ct ca dy bo v khng c nh hn gi tr xc nh:

- theo IEC 60949;
- hoc bng cng thc di y, ch p dng cho thi gian ngt khng qu 5 s:
S=

I2 t
k

trong
2

S l mt ct, tnh bng mm ;

I l gi tr (hiu dng), tnh bng ampe, ca dng in s c k vng i vi s c c tr khng khng
ng k c th chy qua thit b bo v (xem IEC 60909-0);
t l thi gian tc ng ca thit b bo v ngt t ng, tnh bng giy;
2

CH THCH 1: Cn tnh n tc dng gii hn dng in ca tr khng mch in v gii hn I t ca

thit b bo v.
k l h s ph thuc vo vt liu ca dy bo v, cch in v cc b phn khc cng nh nhit u
v nhit cui ( tnh k, xem ph lc A).
Nu vic p dng cng thc ny to ra kch thc phi tiu chun th phi s dng dy dn c mt ct tiu
chun ln hn.
CH THCH 2: gii hn nhit cho h thng lp t trong mi trng c cha cht d n, xem IEC
60079-0.
CH THCH 3: V v kim loi ca cp c cch in bng cht v c theo IEC 60702-1 c kh nng s
c chm t cao hn ca dy pha nn khng cn tnh mt ct ca v kim loi khi s dng nh mt dy
bo v.
543.1.3 Dy bo v khng to thnh mt b phn ca cp hoc khng nm trong v bc chung vi dy
pha th mt ct khng c nh hn.
2

- 2,5 mm i vi dy dn bng ng/16 mm i vi dy dn bng nhm nu c bo v chng hng v

c;
2

- 4 mm i vi dy dn bng ng/16 mm i vi dy dn bng nhm nu khng c bo v chng hng

v c.
543.1.4 Nu dy bo v dng chung cho hai hoc nhiu mch in th mt ct ca dy phi c kch thc
nh sau:
- tnh theo 543.1.1 i vi dng in s c k vng cao nht v thi gian lm vic c th c trong cc
mch ny; hoc
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- chn theo bng 54.3 sao cho tng ng vi mt ct ca dy pha ln nht ca mch in.
543.2 Loi dy bo v
543.2.1 Dy bo v c th gm mt hoc nhiu loi sau:
- dy dn trong cp nhiu li;
- dy dn cch in hoc trn nm trong cng mt v bc vi dy dn mang in;
- dy dn trn lp c nh hoc dy c cch in;
- v cp bng kim loi, li bc cp, v thp ca cp, dy thp bn, dy dn ng tm, ng kim loi phi
chu cc iu kin nu trong 543.2.2 a) v b).
CH THCH 1: Trung Quc, , Anh v M, cho php s dng mng cp v thang cp lm dy bo v
theo tiu chun hoc qui nh ca quc gia hoc a phng.
CH THCH 2: V cch b tr, xem 543.6.
543.2.2 Nu trong thit b ca h thng lp t c v bng kim loi nh cm ng ct v iu khin h p
hoc h thng thanh ci, th v hoc khung kim loi c th lm dy bo v nu ng thi tha mn ba
yu cu di y:
a) tnh lin tc v in phi c m bo bng kt cu hoc u ni thch hp sao cho m bo vic
bo v chng hng v c, ha hoc in ha;
b) ph hp vi yu cu ca 543.1;
c) cho php u ni cc dy bo v khc mi im ni dy xc nh trc.
543.2.3 Cc b phn kim loi di y khng c php dng lm dy bo v hoc dy lin kt bo v:
- ng cp nc bng kim loi;
- ng c cha cht kh hoc cht lng d chy;
- cc b phn kt cu chu ng sut c trong s dng bnh thng;
- ng kim loi un c hoc xon c, tr khi c thit k cho mc ch ;
- b phn kim loi un c;
- dy .
CH THCH 1: Anh, c th s dng ng cp nc lm dy bo v. Nu c gn ng h o nc th
dy lin kt cn c mt ct thch hp vi mc ch s dng.
CH THCH 2: Thy S, c th s dng ng cp nc bng kim loi lm dy lin kt ng th.
543.3 Tnh lin tc v in ca dy bo v
543.3.1 Dy bo v phi c bo v thch hp chng hng v c, ha hoc in ha, chu c lc
in ng v lc nhit ng.
543.3.2 Phi tip cn c cc mi ni trn dy bo v kim tra v th nghim, ngoi tr
- mi ni c bc hp cht gn;
- mi ni kn;
- mi ni nm trong ng v mng kim loi;
- mi ni to thnh b phn ca thit b, ph hp vi tiu chun thit b.
543.3.3 Khng c t thit b ng ct vo dy bo v nhng cho php c cc mi ni c th ngt
bng dng c th nghim.
543.3.4 Nu s dng kim sot v in ca ni t th khng c mc ni tip cc thit b chuyn dng
(v d nh b tc ng cm bin, cun dy) vo dy bo v.
543.3.5 Khng c s dng cc b phn dn trn ca thit b to thnh mt phn ca dy bo v
cho thit b khc tr khi 543.2.2 cho php.

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543.4 Dy PEN
543.4.1 Ch c th s dng dy PEN trong h thng lp t in c nh v, v l do c kh, dy phi c
mt ct khng nh hn 10 mm2 i vi dy ng hoc 16 mm2 i vi dy nhm.
543.4.2 Dy PEN phi c cch in in p cao nht m n c th phi chu.
CH THCH: Vic s dng cch in trn dy PEN bn trong thit b cn c y ban v thit b lin
quan xem xt.
543.4.3 Nu, t im bt k ca h thng lp t, chc nng trung tnh v chc nng bo v c cung
cp bng cc dy dn ring th khng c php ni dy trung tnh vi b phn ni t bt k khc ca
h thng lp t (v d nh dy bo v t dy PEN). Tuy nhin, c php to nhiu hn mt dy trung
tnh v nhiu hn mt dy bo v t dy PEN. C th cung cp cc u ni hoc thanh dn ring cho
dy bo v v dy trung tnh. Trong trng hp ny, phi ni dy PEN vi u ni hoc thanh dn dnh
cho dy bo v.
543.4.4 Khng c s dng cc b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t lm dy PEN.
543.5 Kt hp ni t bo v v ni t chc nng
543.5.1 Nu s dng dy ni t bo v kt hp vi ni t chc nng th phi tha mn cc yu cu i
vi dy bo v. Ngoi ra, dy ny cng phi ph hp vi cc yu cu chc nng lin quan (xem TCVN
7447-4-44 (IEC 60364-4-44), iu 444).
Dy tr v ca in mt chiu loi PEL hoc PEM dng cp in cho cng ngh thng tin cng c th
dng lm dy kt hp ni t chc nng v bo v.
543.5.2 Khng c s dng cc b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t lm dy PEL hoc PEM.
543.6 B tr dy bo v
Nu s dng thit b bo v qu dng bo v chng in git th dy bo v phi nm trong cng h
thng i dy vi dy dn mang in hoc c t ngay cnh nhau.
543.7 Dy bo v tng cng dng cho dng in chy trong dy bo v vt qu 10 mA
i vi thit b s dng dng c thit k ni lu di v c dng in chy trong dy bo v vt
qu 10 mA, dy bo v tng cng phi c thit k nh sau:
2

- dy bo v phi c mt ct t nht l 10 mm i vi dy dn bng ng hoc 16 mm i vi dy dn

bng nhm, trn ton b chiu di dy;
CH THCH 1: Dy PEN theo 543.4 ph hp vi yu cu ny.
- hoc phi c dy bo v th hai t nht c cng mt ct nh yu cu i vi bo v chng tip xc gin
2
tip c t im m dy bo v c mt ct khng nh hn 10 mm i vi dy dn bng ng hoc
2
16 mm i vi dy dn bng nhm. iu ny i hi thit b phi c u ni ring cho dy bo v th
hai.
CH THCH 2: Trong h thng TN-C, nu dy trung tnh v dy bo v kt hp trong mt dy duy nht
(dy PEN) ni vo cc u ni ca thit b th c th coi dng in ca dy bo v l dng in ti.
CH THCH 3: Thit b s dng dng thng c dng in ln chy trong dy bo v nn khng thch
hp vi cc h thng lp t c thit b bo v bng dng d.
544. Dy lin kt bo v (dy lin kt ng th)
544.1 Dy lin kt bo v dng ni vi u ni t chnh
544.1.1 Mt ct ca dy lin kt bo v dng lm lin kt ng th chnh theo 413.1.2.1 ca TCVN 74474-41 (IEC 60364-4-41) v c ni vi u ni t chnh theo 542.4 khn c nh hn:
2

- 6 mm i vi vt liu bng ng; hoc

2

- 16 mm i vi vt liu bng nhm; hoc

2

- 50 mm i vi vt liu bng thp.

544.2 Dy lin kt bo v dng cho lin kt b sung

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544.2.1 Dy lin kt bo v ni hai b phn dn trn phi c dn in khng nh hn dn in

ca dy bo v nh hn ni n cc b phn dn trn .
544.2.2 Dy lin kt bo v ni cc b phn dn trn vi cc b phn dn khng thuc h thng lp
t phi c dn in khng nh hn mt na dn in ca dy bo v c mt ct tng ng.
544.2.3 Phi tun th 543.1.3
Ph lc A
(qui nh)
Phng php xc nh h s k trong 543.1.2
(xem thm IEC 60724 v IEC 60949)
H s k c xc nh t cng thc sau:

Qc ( + 20 o C) f i

ln1 +
+ i
20

k=
trong

Qc

l nhit dung theo th tch ca vt liu dy dn (J/ C mm ) 20 C;

l nghch o ca h s nhit in tr ca dy dn 0 C ( C);

20

l in tr sut ca vt liu dy dn 20 C (mm);

l nhit u ca dy dn ( C);

l nhit cui ca dy dn ( C).

Bng A.54.1 - Gi tr ca cc tham s i vi cc vt liu khc nhau

Vt liu

Qc

20

J/ C mm

Qc ( + 20 o C)
20

mm

A s / mm 2
-3

3,45 x 10

234,5

ng

-3

228

Nhm

2,5 x 10

-3

230

Ch

1,45 x 10

-3

202

Thp

3,8 x 10

Cc gi tr ly t bng 1 ca IEC 60287-1-1.

Cc gi tr ly t bng E2 ca IEC 60853-2.

17,241 x 10

-6

226

28,264 x 10

-6

148

214 x 10

-6

41

138 x 10

-6

78

Bng A.54.2 - Gi tr k i vi dy bo v c cch in khng nm trong cp v khng c b

vi cc cp khc
Cch in ca dy dn

Vt liu lm dy dn

Nhit
o
b
C
u

ng

Nhm

cui

Gi tr k

Thp
c

30

160/140

143/133

95/88

52/49

30

160/140

143/133

95/88

52/49

PVC 70 C
PVC 90 C
o

Nha phn ng nhit 90 C

o

Cao su 60 C
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30

250

176

116

64

30

200

159

105

58
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o

Cao su 85 C

30

220

166

110

60

Cao su silicon

30

350

201

133

73

Gi tr thp hn p dng cho dy cch in PVC c mt ct ln hn 300 mm .

Gii hn nhit i vi cc loi cch in khc nhau c nu trong IEC 60724.

V phng php tnh k, xem cng thc u ph lc ny.

Bng A.54.3 - Gi tr k i vi dy bo v trn tip xc vi v bc cp nhng khng c b
vi cc cp khc
Vt liu lm dy dn

Nhit
o
a
C

V bc cp

ng

Nhm
Gi tr k

Thp
b

cui

PVC

30

200

159

105

58

Polyetylen

30

150

138

91

50

CSP

30

220

166

110

60

Gii hn nhit i vi cc loi cch in khc nhau c nu trong IEC 60724.

V phng php tnh k, xem cng thc u ph lc ny.

Bng A.54.4 - Gi tr k i vi dy dn bo v l mt li nm trong cp hoc c b vi cc cp
hoc dy dn c cch in khc
Vt liu lm dy dn

Nhit
o
b
C

Cch in ca dy dn

ng

cui

Gi tr k

70

160/140

115/103

90

160/140

100/86

PVC 70 C
PVC 90 C
o

Nha phn ng nhit 90 C

Nhm
a
a

Thp
c

76/68

42/37

66/57

36/31

90

250

143

94

52

60

200

141

93

51

Cao su 85 C

85

220

134

89

48

Cao su silicon

180

350

132

87

Cao su 60 C

47

Gi tr thp hn p dng cho dy cch in PVC c mt ct ln hn 300 mm .

Gii hn nhit i vi cc loi cch in khc nhau c nu trong IEC 60724.

V phng php tnh k, xem cng thc u ph lc ny.

Bng A.54.5 - Gi tr k i vi dy bo v l mt lp kim loi ca cp v d nh dy dn bc st,
dy c v bng kim loi, dy dn ng tm, ..v.v..
Cch in ca cp

Nhit
o
a
C

Vt liu lm dy dn
ng

Nhm

Thp

cui

60

200

141

93

26

51

PVC 90 C

80

200

128

85

23

46

Nha phn ng nhit 90

o
C

80

200

128

85

23

46

55

200

144

95

26

52

75

220

140

93

26

51

PVC 70 C

Cao su 60 C

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Gi tr k

Ch
c

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o

Cao su 85 C
Bc PVC c si v c

70

200

135

105

250

135

V bc v c
a

Gii hn nhit i vi cc loi cch in khc nhau c nu trong IEC 60724.

Cng phi s dng gi tr ny cho dy dn trn c th chm vo hoc tip xc vi vt liu d

chy.

V phng php tnh k, xem cng thc u ph lc ny.

Bng A.54.6 - Gi tr k i vi dy dn trn khi khng c ri ro phng hi n vt liu ln cn
nhit qui nh
Vt liu lm dy dn
ng
iu kin

Nhit Gi tr
ban u
k
o
C

Nhm

Nhit
ln nht
o

Gi tr
k

Thp

Nhit
ln nht
o

Gi tr
k

Nhit
ln nht
o

Khu vc nhn thy

c v cm tip cn

30

228

500

125

300

82

500

iu kin bnh thng

30

159

200

105

200

58

200

Ri ro chy

30

138

150

91

150

50

150

Ph lc B
(tham kho)
Minh ha b tr ni t, dy bo v v dy lin kt bo v

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Hnh B.54.1 - B tr ni t, dy bo v v dy lin kt bo v

Ch gii
M

B phn dn trn

b phn dn ca thit b c th chm vo v thng khng mang in nhng c th tr nn

mang in khi hng cch in chnh.
[IEV 195-06-10]
C

B phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t

b phn dn khng phi l mt phn ca h thng lp t in nhng c kh nng a vo h

thng mt in th, thng l in th ca t cc b.
[IEV 195-06-11]
C1

ng dn nc, bn ngoi bng kim loi.

C2

ng dn nc thi, bn ngoi bng kim loi.

C3

ng dn kh t c cch in pha trong, cn pha ngoi bng kim loi.

C4

iu ha khng kh.

C5

H thng si.

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C6

ng nc bng kim loi, v d trong phng tm.

C7

B phn dn khng thuc h thng lp t nm trong tm vi tnh t b phn dn trn.

u ni t chnh (thanh ci ni t chnh)

u ni hoc thanh ci l mt phn ca b tr ni t ca h thng lp t cho php u ni in

mt s dy dn cho mc ch ni t.
[IEV 195-02-33]
T

in cc t

b phn dn c th c t trong mi trng dn c bit, v d nh b tng hoc than cc, c

tip xc in vi t.
[IEV 195-02-01]
T1

Ni t mng.

T2

in cc t dng cho LPS, nu cn.

Dy bo v
dy dn c cung cp nhm mc ch an ton, v d nh bo v chng in git.
[IEV 195-02-09]

Dy lin kt bo v
dy bo v c cung cp lin kt ng th bo v.
[IEV 195-02-10]

Dy lin kt bo v dng lin kt b sung.

Dy ni t ca h thng bo v chng st (LPS).

Dy ni t

dy dn to ng dn, hoc mt phn ca ng dn, ni mt im xc nh trong h thng

in hoc trong h thng lp t hoc trog thit b vi in cc t.
[IEV 195-02-03]
CH THCH: Trong tiu chun ny, dy ni t l dy dn ni in cc t vi mt im ca h
thng lin kt ng th chung, thng l u ni t chnh.
TI LIU THAM KHO
IEC 60028, International standard of resistance for copper (Tiu chun quc t v in tr ca ng).
IEC 60079-0, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres - Part 0: General requirements (Thit b
in dng trong kh quyn c cha kh d n - Phn 0: Yu cu chung).
IEC 60702-1, Mineral insulated cables and their terminations with a rated voltage not exceeding 750 V Part 1: Cables (Cp cch in v c v u ni ca chng c in p danh nh khng vt qu 750 V Phn 1: Cp).
TCVN 7326-1(IEC 60950-1), Thit b cng ngh thng tin - An ton - Phn 1: Yu cu chung.
IEC 61000-1-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 1: General - Section 1: Application and
interpretation of fundamental definitions and terms (Tng thch in t (EMC) - Phn 1: Qui nh chung Mc 1: ng dng v gii thch cc nh ngha v thut ng c bn).
National Standard DIN 18014 : 1994, Fundamenterder ("Foundation earth electrode" in English) (Tiu
chun quc gia ca c: in cc t ca mng).

Khng mua bn di mi hnh thc

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