UBND TNH BC NINH

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

S TI NGUYN V MI TRNG

c lp - T do - Hnh phc

S:

/BC-TNMT

Bc Ninh, ngy

thng 9 nm 2013

BO CO
TNH HNH THC HIN CHC NNG QUN L NH NC V
BO V MI TRNG TI LNG NGH TNH BC NINH
Cn c Quyt nh s 1694/Q-BTNMT ngy 09/09/2013 ca B Ti nguyn
v Mi trng v vic kim tra cng tc bo v mi trng lng ngh trn a bn
tnh Bc Ninh, Bc Giang v Nam nh.
S Ti nguyn v Mi trng Bc Ninh bo co B Ti nguyn v Mi trng
kt qu thc hin chc nng qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng trn a bn tnh
nh sau:
I. Kt qu thc hin cc nhim v v bo v mi trng lng ngh
1. Vic ban hnh, hng dn thc hin vn bn quy phm php lut, tiu chun,
quy chun k thut lin quan n mi trng lng ngh
a) Xy dng v ban hnh cc vn bn quy phm theo thm quyn
Trong nhng nm gn y, Bc Ninh nhn thc c tm quan trng v vai
tr ca vic pht trin cng nghip v lng ngh. Nm 1998, Tnh u Bc Ninh
ban hnh Ngh quyt s 04-NQ/TU v pht trin cc lng ngh tiu th cng nghip
(TTCN) trong thi k cng nghip ho, hin i ho.
- Thc hin Ngh nh s 175/N-CP ca Chnh ph v hng dn thi hnh
Lut Bo v mi trng nm 1994; UBND tnh Bc Ninh ban hnh Quyt nh s
203/Q-UB ngy 6/9/1997 ban hnh quy nh v nh gi tc ng mi trng cc d
n pht trin kinh t, x hi v sn xut kinh doanh trn a bn tnh Bc Ninh.
- Quyt nh s 76/2000/Q-UB ngy 26/7/2000 ca UBND tnh v vic ban
hnh bn Quy ch Bo v mi trng tnh Bc Ninh.
- Trc thc trng nhim mi trng ti cc CCN v lng ngh trn a bn
ang c chiu hng ngy cng gia tng, nhm tng cng cng tc qun l nh
nc v bo v mi trng ti cc lng ngh. UBND tnh ban hnh Quy ch Bo v
mi trng lng ngh, khu cng nghip va v nh trn a bn tnh ti Quyt nh
s 48/2008/Q-UBND ngy 09 thng 4 nm 2008; Quy ch ny c chnh sa, b
sung thnh Quy ch Bo v mi trng lng ngh, cm cng nghip v c ban
hnh ti Quyt nh s 64/Q-UBND ngy 23 thng 5 nm 2011. Trong ra
nhiu gii php mnh nh ct in, ngng cp vn vay i vi cc c s gy nhim
mi trng. Nm 2009 v u nm 2010 ct in 35 c s ti ch nha vi phm

cc quy nh ca Lut bo v mi trng (huyn Yn Phong: 29 c s, huyn Thun

Thnh: 03 c s, thnh ph Bc Ninh: 03 c s).
- UBND tnh ban hnh Quyt nh s 133/Q-UB ngy 12 thng 7 nm 2004
ca UBND tnh Bc Ninh v vic thc hin thu ph bo v mi trng i vi nc
thi cng nghip, Quyt nh s 84/2009/Q-UBND ngy 8 thng 6 nm 2009 ca
UBND tnh v vic ban hnh k hoch di di v x l cc c s gy nhim mi
trng nghim trng.
- UBND tnh ban hnh Quy ch phi hp mt s nhim v qun l nh nc
v bo v mi trng trong cc khu cng nghip tnh Bc Ninh ti Quyt nh s
47/Q-UBND ngy 06 thng 4 nm 2011.
- S Ti nguyn v Mi trng xy dng quy ch, chng trnh phi hp
trong cng tc bo v mi trng: Quy ch phi hp thanh tra, kim tra v x l vi
phm v mi trng ti cc KCN vi ngnh cng an, Chng trnh phi hp qun l
nh nc v mi trng trong lnh vc cng thng vi S Cng thng.
- Nhm ci thin cht lng mi trng nng thn do nhim rc thi sinh
hot, HND tnh ban hnh Ngh quyt s 156/2010/NQ-HND v UBND tnh ban
hnh Quyt nh s 50/2010/Q-UBND ngy 20 thng 5 nm 2010 v vic quy nh
ch h tr xy dng im tp kt, vn chuyn rc thi khu vc nng thn trn a
bn tnh Bc Ninh.
b) Cng tc hng dn t chc thc hin v tuyn truyn ph bin chnh sch, php
lut mi trng
Cng tc thng tin, truyn thng, gio dc, nng cao nhn thc v mi trng
tng bc i vo n np v c t chc thng xuyn. Thc hin Ngh quyt s
41-NQ/TW ca B Chnh tr v cc Ngh quyt lin tch gia B Ti nguyn v Mi
trng vi cc t chc chnh tr, on th Trung ng; S Ti nguyn v Mi trng
trin khai t chc 31 lp tp hun cho cn b, hi vin cc t chc hi, on vin
thanh nin v cn b cc s, ban, ngnh ca tnh, cn b lm cng tc mi trng
cp huyn, cp x... Cc t chc chnh tr, on th x hi c lc lng tuyn truyn
vin, cng tc vin ng o, c trnh , k nng v tuyn truyn, vn ng nhn
dn nn gp phn quan trng trong cng tc gio dc, nng cao nhn thc v mi
trng.
- Trong 5 nm qua, t chc 8 cuc mt tinh hng ng: Tun l quc gia
nc sch v v sinh mi trng (29/4-6/5), Ngy mi trng th gii (5/6), Chin
dch lm cho th gii sch hn thng 9; thu ht hn 10.000 ngi tham gia diu hnh
v ra qun lao ng v sinh c 27 km ng ph, khi thng 10.000m cng rnh
thot nc v lo vt cng x Vn An thnh ph Bc Ninh, trng hn 10.000 cy
xanh bng mt.
- Nhm tng cng thi lng, ni dung cc chng trnh truyn thng v ti
nguyn v mi trng trn h thng cc phng tin thng tin i chng, S Ti
nguyn v Mi trng tin hnh k kt vi 7 t chc on th v 2 c quan truyn

thng i chng v Chng trnh phi hp tng cng hot ng truyn thng lnh
vc ti nguyn v mi trng. l: Bo Bc Ninh, i Pht thanh v Truyn hnh
tnh; xy dng hn 100 chuyn mc v hn 500 tin bi c ni dung v cc hot
ng bo v ti nguyn mi trng.
- Thc hin chin lc bo v mi trng Quc gia, UBND tnh ch o
xy dng v ph duyt n quy hoch mi trng tnh Bc Ninh giai on 20062020 v k hoch bo v mi trng giai on 2006-2010 ti Quyt nh s
2281/2005/Q-UB ngy 11 thng 11 nm 2005 v Chin lc pht trin bn vng
tnh Bc Ninh giai on 2006-2010, hng ti 2020 ti Quyt nh s 73/2007/QUBND ngy 31 thng 10 nm 2007. Trong , cng tc bo v mi trng l vn
trng tm ca chin lc. Cng tc thi ua khen thng c lng ghp vi cc
tiu ch mi trng, hot ng a tin cc gng tt, vic tt trong cng tc bo v
mi trng v cng khai cc hnh vi vi phm v bo v mi trng trn cc cng
thng tin i chng c trin khai thng xuyn.
2. Cng tc ch o, iu hnh, t chc thc hin ca UBND cc cp v vic thc
hin php lut, chnh sch v mi trng ti lng ngh
- Thc hin Ngh quyt s 41-NQ/TW ca B Chnh tr v tng cng cng
tc bo v mi trng trong thi k CNH, HH t nc; Tnh u Bc Ninh ban
hnh Chng trnh s 80-CT/TU v thc hin Ngh quyt s 41-NQ/TW. Nm
2007, Ban Tuyn gio Tnh u Bc Ninh tin hnh t chc s kt 2 nm tnh hnh
thc hin Ngh quyt s 41-NQ/TW ca B Chnh tr.
ng thi ch o S Ti nguyn v Mi trng t chc k kt Chng trnh
phi hp hnh ng thc hin Ngh quyt s 41-NQ/TW vi 06 t chc on th,
chnh tr x hi ca tnh.
- Nhm pht trin kinh t x hi theo nh hng pht trin bn vng, UBND
tnh Bc Ninh ban hnh Quyt nh s 73/Q-UBND ngy 31 thng 10 nm 2007
ca UBND tnh Bc Ninh v vic ph duyt Chin lc pht trin bn vng tnh Bc
Ninh giai on 2006-2010 nh hng n 2020 v Quyt nh s 2281/Q-UB
ngy 11 thng 11 nm 2005 v vic ph duyt n Quy hoch mi trng tnh Bc
Ninh thi k 2006-2020 v K hoch bo v mi trng giai on 2006-2010. Trong
, cng tc bo v mi trng lng ngh l vn trng tm ca Chin lc.
UBND tnh ch o cc s: Ti nguyn v Mi trng, Ti chnh, Xy dng
ban hnh vn bn hng dn trin khai thc hin Ngh quyt s 156/2010/NQHND16 ngy 06/5/2010 ca HND tnh v Quyt nh s 50/2010/Q-UBND
ngy 20/5/2010 ca UBND tnh v quy nh h tr xy dng im tp kt, vn
chuyn rc thi khu vc nng thn.
- Ch o UBND cp huyn, cp x thng xuyn t chc tuyn truyn, ph
bin chnh sch, php lut mi trng n ngi dn a phng; ng thi trin
khai cc d n im v x l mi trng ti Phong Kh, Khc Nim, Vn Mn, i
Bi...

3. T chc b my, nng lc qun l nh nc v BVMT cc cp i vi lng

ngh
- Thc hin Ngh nh s 81/N-CP ngy 23 thng 5 nm 2007 ca Chnh ph
v quy nh t chc, b phn chuyn mn v bo v mi trng ti cc c quan nh
nc v doanh nghip nh nc, nm 2008 UBND tnh c Quyt nh s
142/Q-UBND ngy 29 thng 01 nm 2008 v vic thnh lp Chi cc Bo v mi
trng trc thuc S Ti nguyn v Mi trng, c cu gm 3 phng chc nng:
Phng Hnh chnh - Tng hp, Phng Thm nh, Phng Kim sot mi trng,
nng tng s cn b ln 15 ngi. n nay, b my bc u p ng mt phn
yu cu qun l nh nc.
- Nm 2008, thnh lp Trung tm quan trc ti nguyn mi trng trc thuc
S Ti nguyn v Mi trng. n nay, s lng cn b l 28 ngi, cc trang thit
b phc v phn tch nh gi cht lng mi trng ca Trung tm thng xuyn
c u t, a ch tiu phn tch c t 24 ch tiu (2006) ln 35 ch tiu, phng
th nghim t chng ch ISO 17023-2005.
- Nm 2008, thnh lp Phng Cnh st mi trng trc thuc Cng an tnh
gp phn tng cng hiu lc qun l nh nc v mi trng trn a bn.
- i vi cp huyn c Ph trng phng ph trch cng tc mi trng v
t 1-3 cn b chuyn trch c trnh chuyn mn ph hp lm cng tc mi
trng. i vi cp x giao nhim v qun l mi trng cho cn b a chnh, n
nay c 126 cn b kim nhim chc nng qun l mi trng cp x, phng.
- lp n thnh lp Qu bo v mi trng tnh Bc Ninh v ang
ngh S Ni v thm nh, trnh UBND tnh ph duyt.
4. Vic u t v s dng ngn sch cho cng tc qun l mi trng lng ngh
- Hng nm, ngn sch nh nc chi cho s nghip mi trng thng xuyn
c nng ln, bnh qun mi nm hn 10 t ng, hon thnh c bn cng tc
iu tra, nh gi mi trng t, cht thi nguy hi, rc thi sinh hot nng thn, tr
lng nc di t, tn lu thuc bo v thc vt:
+ n nh gi hin trng mi trng v xut cc gii php bo v mi
trng Sng Ng Huyn Kh v x Vn Mn.
+ n iu tra, nh gi tnh hnh cht thi nguy hi trn a bn tnh Bc
Ninh.
+ n X l, gim thiu nhim mi trng lng ngh tnh Bc Ninh.
+ n iu tra, nh gi tn lu cc kho thuc bo v thc vt trn a bn
tnh Bc Ninh.
+ n iu tra, nh gi hin trng mi trng t trn a bn tnh Bc Ninh.
+ n iu tra, nh gi hin trng v cc gii php bo tn vn c ng
Xuyn.
+ n iu tra, nh gi hin trng thc hin quy hoch, sn xut v bo v
mi trng ti cc cm cng nghip trn a bn tnh.

+ n Chnh sch h tr hot ng thu gom, vn chuyn v x l rc thi sinh

hot khu vc nng thn.
+ D n u t xy dng h thng x l nc thi thn o X - x Phong Kh
- TP Bc Ninh trong giai on 3 ca d n ci thin mi trng lng ngh sn xut
giy Phong Kh do t chc phi chnh ph cng ho Sc v Canada h tr.
+ D n u t xy dng h thng x l kh thi i vi 06 HTX luyn kim loi
mu trn a bn, do Chnh ph Nht bn ti tr.
+ D n u t xy dng h thng x l nc thi tp trung KCN Phong Kh TP Bc Ninh.
+ D n Xy dng m hnh thu gom, x l rc thi sinh hot i vi th trn
H, huyn Thun Thnh.
+ D n nh gi tng kt m hnh t chc thu gom, x l cht thi sinh hot
trn a bn th trn Ph Mi v T Sn.
+ ang trin khai D n ci to v nng cp vn c ng Xuyn, D n x l
nhim tn lu thuc bo v thc vt ti i Lim v Hng Vn huyn Tin Du,
n x l nhim mi trng lng ngh giy Phong Kh, n nh gi nh
hng ca hot ng lng ngh n sc kho con ngi, n ng ph vi bin i
kh hu.
- HND tnh ban hnh Ngh quyt s 156/2010/NQ-HND16 ngy 06/5/2010
v UBND tnh ban hnh Quyt nh s 50/2010/Q-UBND ngy 20/5/2010 v quy
nh h tr xy dng im tp kt, vn chuyn rc thi khu vc nng thn. UBND
cc huyn, th x, thnh ph nhanh chng ch o UBND cc x, phng, th trn
trn a bn t chc trin khai, thc hin. Kt qu: Quy hoch c 586 im tp kt
rc thi, 158 im ca 3 huyn (Yn Phong, Lng Ti, Qu V) thi cng xong,
428 im v ang trin khai thi cng m bo xy dng xong 100% s im trong
qu III/2011.
- Vic phn b v s dng ngun kinh ph 1% dnh cho s nghip bo v mi
trng: Hng nm, cn c ch tiu hng dn ca B Ti chnh, UBND tnh phn b
d ton ngn sch 1% danh cho s nghip mi trng nh sau:
n v: Triu ng
Ni dung
Trung ng giao

Tng s
2009-2011

Nm 2009

Nm 2010

203.20

54.00

60.41

88. 790

60.41

88. 790

11.61

63.79

9
D ton tnh giao

0
203.20

9
Ngn sch cp tnh

9
54.00

0
98.409

9
23.00

0
Ngn sch cp huyn

97.000

Nm 2011

9
27.00

0
45.00

25.00

0
Ngn sch cp x

7.800

0
4.000

0
3.800

5. T chc thu ph bo v mi trng i vi nc thi

- Vic thu ph bo v mi trng i vi nc thi cng nghip theo Ngh
nh s 67/2003/N-CP v Ngh nh s 04/2007/N-CP ca Chnh ph c trin
khai thng xuyn, bc u c nhng chuyn bin tch cc.
- thnh lp t thu ph trc tip v tin hnh th im ti CCN Ph Lm. Kt
qu cho thy s ph tn ng v s ph phi np nh k c cc c s np theo
yu cu.
6. Vic thc hin nhim v, gii php bo v mi trng theo bo co nh gi tc
ng mi trng, cam kt bo v mi trng ca cc t chc, c nhn kinh
doanh, sn xut ti lng ngh
- Hu ht cc c s sn xut, kinh doanh ti lng ngh khng thc hin theo
ng bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng hoc cam kt bo v mi trng, tr cc
c s c cc t chc quc t la chn trin khai m hnh im v mt s c s
lin quan n vic cp giy php nhp khu ph liu.
- Hin nay, cn khong 600 doanh nghip ang hot ng sn xut, kinh
doanh ti cc lng ngh cha lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng hoc cam kt
bo v mi trng.
7. Vic kim tra, thanh tra, gii quyt khiu ni v x l vi phm php lut, chnh
sch mi trng
a, Thanh tra, kim tra :
- T nm 2006 n nay, UBND tnh ch o S Ti nguyn v Mi trng
t chc 06 t thanh tra v t ai, ti nguyn nc v mi trng i vi hn 300
c s sn xut trn a bn x Phong Kh, phng Vn An - thnh ph Bc Ninh;
CCN Ph Lm - x Ph Lm - huyn Tin Du; phng nh Bng, phng Chu
Kh v ng Quang - th x T Sn; CCN i Bi - huyn Gia Bnh.
+ Nm 2006, S Ti nguyn v Mi trng t chc thanh tra chuyn v bo
v mi trng i vi 175 c s ti 3 lng ngh: Vn An, Phong Kh v Ph Lm.
Trong : 138 c s vi phm b x pht vi phm hnh chnh nhng khng chp
hnh nghim tc php lut v bo v mi trng
+ Nm 2010, UBND tnh ch o UBND cp huyn nh ch hot ng v
tin hnh ct in sn xut i vi 35 c s n p nha gy nhim mi trng;
trong : huyn Yn Phong 29 c s, thnh ph Bc Ninh 3 c s v huyn Thun
Thnh 3 c s.
b , Gii quyt n th :

Tip nhn v gii quyt 10 n khiu ni, t co v lnh vc mi trng lin

quan n lng ngh. Cc n th, khiu ni t co c cc cp, cc ngnh phi
hp gii quyt kp thi, ng thi gian quy nh.

8. Tnh hnh trin khai cc n, D n lng ngh

Thc hin cng vn s 2436/BTNMT-TCMT ngy 26/6/2013 ca B Ti
nguyn Mi trng v vic trin khai thc hin n tng th bo v mi trng
lng ngh, S Ti nguyn v Mi trng t chc trin khai mt s ti, d n
nhm gim thiu nhim mi trng i vi 04 lng ngh (lng ngh ti ch giy
Phong Kh, lng ngh c ng i Bi, lng ngh ti ch nhm Vn Mn, lng
ngh bn, bnh Khc Nim). C th nh sau:
a, D n Xy dng h thng x l nc thi tp trung lng ngh giy Phong
Kh, thnh ph Bc Ninh
- Ch u t: UBND thnh ph Bc Ninh.
- Tng mc u t ca d n l: 390.179.767.000 ng, chia lm 02 giai on:
+Giai on 1 l: 219.488.759.000 ng thc hin trong 02 nm (2012 - 2013);
+ Giai on 2 l 170.691.008.000 ng thc hin trong 02 nm (2014 - 2015).
- Tin thc hin:
+ D n hon thnh xong cng tc gii phng mt bng v c S Ti
nguyn v Mi trng Bc Ninh t chc giao t ngoi thc a.
+ D n c Hi ng thm nh ca B Khoa hc v Cng ngh thm
nh cng ngh, hon thnh lp h s thit k bn v thi cng - d ton.
+ Ngy 25/02/2013, Ban QLDA xy dng thnh ph Bc Ninh v Cng ty c
phn Tin B Quc T k hp ng kinh t s 06/H-XD v vic thc hin gi
thu s 1: Xy lp v thit b giai on 1.
+ Tnh n thng 4/2013, cng trnh hon thnh 65% hng mc san nn,
70% phn th hng mc cng, tng ro; 100% phn c cc, 80% phn p cc;
100% phn p cc larsen; o mng 02 h nc; 50% xy mng h; mua thit b
trm bin p; mua thit b thu gom rc thi
b, D n khc phc nhim v ci thin mi trng lng ngh ti ch nhm
Mn X, x Vn Mn, huyn Yn Phong, tnh Bc Ninh
- Thi gian lp d n: T thng 5/2013 n thng 11/2013.
- Thi gian ph duyt: T thng 11/2013 n thng 12/2013.
- Thi gian trin khai: T thng 3/2014 n thng 6/2015.

- Kinh ph thc hin: 10 t ng.

c, D n khc phc nhim v ci thin mi trng lng ngh c ng i
Bi, x i Bi, huyn Gia Bnh, tnh Bc Ninh
- Thi gian lp d n: T thng 5/2013 n thng 10/2013.
- Thi gian ph duyt: T thng 10/2013 n thng 12/2013.
- Thi gian trin khai: T thng 4/2014 n thng 10/2015.
- Kinh ph thc hin: 15 t ng.
d, D n khc phc nhim v ci thin mi trng lng ngh lm bn Khc
Nim, x Khc Nim, thnh ph Bc Ninh, tnh Bc Ninh
- Thi gian lp d n: T thng 5/2013 n thng 12/2013.
- Thi gian ph duyt: T thng 01/2014 n thng 3/2014.
- Thi gian trin khai: T thng 4/2014 n thng 12/2014.
- Kinh ph thc hin: 10 t ng.
9. Hin trng mi trng ti cc lng ngh
nhim mi trng ti lng ngh mang m nt c th ca hot ng sn
xut theo ngnh ngh, loi hnh sn phm v tc ng trc tip ti mi trng nc,
khng kh v t trong khu vc dn sinh. Kt qu iu tra kho st cht lng mi
trng ti mt s lng ngh trn a bn tnh Bc Ninh trong nhng nm gn y cho
thy cc mu nc mt, nc ngm u c du hiu nhim vi mc khc nhau;
mi trng khng kh b nhim c tnh cc b ti ni trc tip sn xut, nht l
nhim bi vt tiu chun cho php v nhim do s dng nguyn liu ha thch.
a, Cht lng mi trng khng kh
Mi trng khng kh ti cc khu vc lng ngh b nhim nng do nng
bi, kh thi, mi, ting n v nhit cao t cc xng sn xut v cc hot ng
vn ti. Cc s liu o mi trng trong cc lng ngh sn xut st thp v giy cho
thy: Nng bi, kh c (kh thi, hi ho cht ) cao hn mc cho php i vi
khu dn c t 5 20 ln; ting n thng xuyn mc 90 110 dBA; nhit
khng kh trong lng cao hn mc t nhin t 2-5 oC, cc xng c v cn thp
nhit khu vc lm vic cao hn t nhin t 8 n hn 10 oC; nng ca mi kh
c rt m c cc khu vc sn xut gch, khi thi gy nhim nghim
trng mi trng xung quanh, lm cht cy ci, hoa mu v nh hng xu n sc
kho ca nhn dn cc khu vc ln cn.
S nhim cc lng ngh ch yu do bi, SO 2, NO2. Cc thng s CO, H 2S,
- Ch s bi: Nng bi ti cc lng ngh l kh cao v hu ht cao hn gii hn
cho php theo QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT.
- Ch s SO2: Ti lng ngh Chu Kh nng SO2 cao hn QCCP n 3,8
ln. Ti lng ngh Vn Mn nng SO2 cao hn QCCP n 4,8 ln. cc lng

ngh kho st khc nng SO 2 l khng ln (nng SO2 trung bnh <
200g/m3) v u nm trong gii hn cho php theo QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT.
- Ch s NO2: Ti lng ngh Chu Kh nng NO 2 cao hn QCCP n 3 ln.
Ti lng ngh Vn Mn nng NO2 cao hn QCCP n 3,6 ln. cc lng ngh
kho st khc nng NO2 u nm trong gii hn cho php theo QCVN
05:2009/BTNMT.
b, Cht lng mi trng nc
Tnh trng nhim mi trng cc lng ngh ang ngy cng tr nn rt
nghim trng, lm nh hng trc tip n i sng v sc khe ngi dn, nht l
th h tng lai. Kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng cho thy cc mu nc mt,
nc ngm u c du hiu nhim vi mc khc nhau; mi trng khng kh b
nhim, t ai b xi mn, thoi ha; cht lng cc ngun nc suy gim mnh.
Nc thi ca cc c s sn xut cc lng ngh u khng c x l, thi
thng vo h thng thu nng. c bit ti lng ngh giy Phong Kh, hng ngy
thi ra mi trng khong 4.500 - 5.000 m3 nc thi cha nhiu c t gy nhim
mi trng nc mt ton khu vc. n nay, sng Ng Huyn Kh b nhim
nghim trng, tr thnh knh dn nc thi ca cc lng ngh nm trong lu vc
sng.
Kt qu quan trc cht lng nc thi cho thy hm lng cht rn l lng
(TSS) cao hn tiu chun cho php 4,5-11 ln; hm lng COD cao hn 8-500 ln
(nc thi ca cc c s sn xut bt giy t nguyn liu tre na), hm lng Pb cao
hn tiu chun cho php 5,5 ln (lng ti ch thp a Hi).
c, Cht lng mi trng t
Mi trng t chu tc ng trc tip ca cc cht c hi t cc ngun thi
(rn, lng) ba bi v nc ma chy trn trn b mt cun theo du, m, kim
loi nng, ha cht nh hng n din tch t canh tc xung quanh cc h sn xut.
Ngoi ra, cc h sn xut u dng cht thi rn san lp mt bng, ln chim din
tch mt nc m rng c s sn xut.
D bo trong khong 5 n 7 nm ti, din tch mt nc v cc phn t
canh tc lin k cc h sn xut s b san lp hon ton v khng s dng c cho
mc ch sn xut nng nghip v nui trng thy sn do b nhim.
d, Hin trng v cht thi nguy hi
Cht thi ca cc lng ngh, trong c cht thi nguy hi ch c thu gom
v ti khu vc trng nh ao, h, ven sng sau c t chy t nhin lm
nhim mi trng nc mt, nc ngm, t v khng kh ca khu vc. in hnh
nh cht thi ca lng ngh sn xut giy ti ch Phong Kh c ra b sng Ng
Huyn Kh gy nhim ngun nc, lm nh hng n an ton ca thn
trong ma ma l. Mt khc, vic t cht thi cng nghip trong iu kin nhit

thng c th pht sinh ra kh ioxin/furan nh hng nghim trng n sc kho

ca nhn dn khu vc xung quanh.
Din tch nc mt (ao, h, knh mng), t canh tc trong cc lng ngh
hoc ang b lp dn bi cht thi. mt s ao nui c c hin tng c b cht
hng lot do nc thi sn xut.
II. nh gi chung
1. Tn ti:
- Tnh trng suy thoi mi trng ti cc lng ngh v cc cm cng nghip
ang c chiu hng gia tng, mt s ni tnh trng nhim mi trng t, nc
mt, nc ngm, khng kh mc bo ng.
- Nhn thc ca ngi dn v bo v mi trng c chuyn bin, song nhn
chung cn hn ch. Cng tc truyn thng mi trng ca cc ngnh, cc cp v cc
t chc on th c trin khai nhng hiu qu cha cao.
- Vic p dng cc cng ngh x l, gim thiu nhim mi trng ca cc
doanh nghip thc hin khng nghim tc. Mt s doanh nghip u t hoc
c cc d n h tr u t xy dng h thng x l mi trng nhng khng vn
hnh, vn hnh khng thng xuyn hoc hiu qu x l mi trng thp. Vic sp
xp, b tr cc d n u t cho cng tc bo v mi trng cn hn ch.
- Cng tc kim tra mi trng ti cc lng ngh cha c thc hin thng
xuyn, s phi hp vi cc cp cc ngnh cng cha cht ch.
- Cng tc thu ph bo v mi trng i vi nc thi cng nghip theo Ngh
nh s 67/2003/N-CP ca Chnh ph t t l thp, nht l cc doanh nghip hot
ng trong cc lng ngh.
- i ng cn b lm cng tc qun l mi trng cn thiu c bit ti cp
huyn v cp x.
2. Nguyn nhn:
a, Nguyn nhn ch quan
- thc chp hnh Lut bo v mi trng ca cc doanh nghip cn nhiu
hn ch, khng u t xy dng cc h thng x l cht thi t tiu chun mi
trng Vit Nam, hu ht cc c s u khng t chc thc hin chng trnh quan
trc cht lng mi trng hng nm.
- S phi hp gia cc ban, ngnh, UBND cc huyn, thnh ph v cc t
chc x hi trong cng tc bo v mi trng cn nhiu hn ch, c bit l trong
vic thm nh cc d n u t. Do vy, cc ch u t ch quan tm n vic xy
dng c s sn xut m cha quan tm ng mc n cng tc bo v mi trng.
- Vic tuyn truyn, nng cao nhn thc cho cc c quan qun l, t chc kinh
t x hi v cng ng dn c v cng tc m bo v sinh mi trng cha c

tin hnh thng xuyn, lin tc, cha gn cc tiu ch bo v mi trng i vi

vic cng nhn danh hiu lng vn ho hng nm.
- Vic thanh tra, kim tra, x l cc c s gy nhim mi trng nghim
trng v c bit nghim trng cha c s ng h ca cc ngnh, chc nng c
lin quan nn cha pht huy c hiu lc qun l nh nc v mi trng.
- H thng trang thit b k thut tin hnh kim sot cht lng mi
trng ca S Ti nguyn v Mi trng Bc Ninh cn thiu, c bit l thit b
quan trc mi trng khng kh cha c u t nn ph thuc rt nhiu vo cc
Trung tm quan trc v phn tch mi trng ca trung ng. y l mt trong
nhng tr ngi ln cho cng tc ch ng qun l mi trng a phng.
b, Nguyn nhn khch quan
- Ngun nguyn liu u vo cho hot ng sn xut ca cc lng ngh truyn
thng ch yu l cht thi (bao gm cht thi trong nc v ph liu nhp khu).
- Cng ngh sn xut ca cc lng ngh lc hu ch yu c nhn thanh l t
cc nh my, x nghip trung ng.
- Cng nhn lao ng trong cc xng sn xut ch yu l lao ng nhn ri
ca a phng v cc vng ln cn, khng c o to.
- a s cc ch doanh nghip pht trin c s sn xut ch yu da vo kinh
nghim truyn thng ca dng h v gia nh.
- Kinh ph u t cho hot ng bo v mi trng cha tng xng vi tc
pht trin kinh t x hi.
- H thng b my qun l mi trng cp huyn mi c hnh thnh nn
cha pht huy tc dng. Cn b qun l mi trng cp x cha hiu bit v lnh vc
chuyn mn.
3. xut gii php nng cao hiu qu thc hin chnh sch, php lut v mi
trng
a, Cc gii php chung
T vic phn tch, nh gi hin trng mi trng ti cc lng ngh cho thy
nhim mi trng ca cc lng ngh trn a bn ton tnh n mc bo ng.
Nhm ngn chn tnh trng nhim mi trng ang c chiu hng gia tng, khc
phc mc suy thoi nhim, tng bc ci thin cht lng mi trng sng ca
cng ng dn c cc lng ngh cng nh cc vng ln cn, cn phi thc hin v p
dng ng b cc gii php sau:
* Quy hoch li lng ngh
Vn nhim mi trng lng ngh ch yu l do ngi dn tin hnh sn
xut ngay ti h gia nh, khng tch ri sn xut khi khu dn c dn n nh
hng ti tt c mi ngi trong thi gian di. V vy:

- i vi cc lng ngh cha c cm cng nghip: Gii php trc tin l tin
hnh quy hoch, xy dng cc khu, cm cng nghip tp trung c u t xy dng
cc h thng ng giao thng ni b, h thng cp thot nc, p dng ng b cc
cng ngh x l kh thi, nc thi v cht thi rn sau di chuyn cc c s sn
xut ra khi khu dn c.
- i vi cc lng ngh quy hoch, xy dng cm cng nghip: Phi tin
hnh r sot li ton b h thng quy hoch, u t xy dng ngay h thng x l
nc thi cng nghip tp trung, khu vc thu gom rc thi cng nghip. Yu cu cc
h sn xut trong cm cng nghip phi xy dng h thng x l kh thi, nc thi
s b.
* Gio dc mi trng nng cao thc cng ng
Thc t ngi lao ng v ngi dn lng ngh coi vic bo v mi trng l
vic ca cc cp chnh quyn. H lun trng ch vo bn ngoi trong vic ci thin
cht lng mi trng sng ca chnh h. V vy, gio dc mi trng nhm nng
cao nhn thc ca cng ng trong vic bo v mi trng, lm cho cc thnh vin
trong cng ng nhn thc c rng bo v mi trng l nhim v ca mi ngi
trc ht v sc kho ca chnh bn thn nhng ngi lao ng v nhn dn trong
lng. Mun pht trin bn vng th phi bo v mi trng. Vic nng cao nhn thc
ca ngi dn c th t c di nhiu hnh thc nh: S dng cc phng tin
truyn thanh ca thn, x thng bo, nhc nh mi ngi gi v sinh chung, tng
cng cc khu hiu tuyn truyn v bo v mi trng ni cng cng, t chc
cho cc h sn xut k cam kt v bo v mi trng
M cc chuyn mc v bo v mi trng trng nh k trn cc phng tin
thng tin i chng nh i pht thanh, truyn hnh, bo.
* Xy dng hng c bo v mi trng
Mi lng ngh nn xy dng quy nh v bo v mi trng da trn tnh cht
sn xut c th ca tng thn, lng. Nhng quy nh ny c a vo hng c
ca lng v c xc nh lm tiu ch xt tng, cng nhn gia nh vn ho v
lng vn ho, nh gi vic chp hnh chnh sch v php lut ca chnh quyn a
phng. Vic thc hin cc quy nh ny chu s gim st ca UBND, MTTQ cp
x.
* Thc hin nguyn tc ngi gy nhim phi tr tin
Trong nhng nm qua, cht thi ca cc h sn xut t do thi vo mi trng
v cc ch c s sn xut khng c trch nhim g i vi vic thi. Chnh iu
ny gy nhim mi trng trn din rng v ngy cng trm trng. V vy, cn
thit phi thc hin vic thu ph mi trng i vi cc h sn xut. Hng thng, mi
h phi np s tin nht nh theo khi lng cht thi, thi ra mi trng. S tin
ny c a vo qu dng chi tr cho cc hot ng bo v mi trng v n
b cho nhng ngi khng lm ngh b thit hi do vn mi trng gy ra.

* Bin php k thut cng ngh

Do c trng cng ngh sn xut v cht thi ca mi trng lng ngh nn
cc bin php v k thut cng ngh c p dng nhm gim thiu nhng nh
hng n mi trng v sc kho ca nhn dn lng ngh nh sau:
- Khuyn khch ci tin cng ngh, p dng cng ngh mi tin tin. T chc
tp hun cho cc ch c s sn xut v cng ngh v thit b trong sn xut quy m
va v nh. p dng cc bin php sn xut sch hn, phng php kim ton
gim thiu cht thi.
- S dng gii php tun hon cc loi cht thi pht sinh trong qu trnh sn
xut nh nc thi, cht thi rn t tit kim chi ph sn xut.
- Cc c s sn xut phi u t lp t h thng x l kh thi v nc thi
t tiu chun v quy chun trc khi x vo mi trng. y c th coi l tiu ch
t ra khi cp giy php hot ng.
- Phi quy hoch khu vc lu tr cht thi rn v cht thi nguy hi bng vic
xy dng cc h lu gi c tng bao quanh, nn chng thm b tng, cc h ny
phi c nhiu ngn cha ring cht thi nguy hi v cht thi khng nguy hi.
* Gim st cht lng mi trng
T chc quan trc, o c, phn tch ghi nhn v kim sot mt cch thng
xuyn, lin tc cc thng s cht lng mi trng, trn c s xut cc bin
php x l, bo v mi trng. y l bin php i hi quan im u t ph hp
v ngun nhn lc v vt lc, bi v n l mt qu trnh tng hp cc bin php k
thut, cng ngh v kim sot cht thi ca doanh nghip. Nu lm tt vic ny th
y s l gii php bo v mi trng mt cch hu hiu nht i vi qu trnh pht
trin kinh t x hi trong chin lc pht trin bn vng.
b, Cc gii php qun l
Nhm gim thiu nhim mi trng cc lng ngh trn a bn tnh Bc
Ninh, ngoi cc gii php k thut trn cn phi tng cng cc bin php qun l
sau:
* Tng cng thanh, kim tra
T chc thanh, kim tra vic chp hnh quy nh v bo v mi trng i vi
cc c s sn xut ti cc khu, cm cng nghip, lng ngh v tin hnh phn loi
cc c s sn xut theo cc mc nhim. C ch ti x l tht mnh i vi
nhng c s khng tun th nghim tc vic bo v mi trng. Chng hn nh ct
in, khng cho vay vn... i vi cc c s ny.
* Thc hin vic lp bo co nh gi hin trng mi trng
Tt c cc c s sn xut trn a bn cc x c lng ngh ang tin hnh hot
ng sn xut, kinh doanh cha lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng phi tin

hnh lp bo co nh gi hin trng mi trng v thc hin k hoch u t xy

dng cc cng trnh x l cht thi m bo tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam.
* Xy dng v ban hnh chnh sch:
- i vi cc khu, cm cng nghip lng ngh ang hot ng:
+ T chc r sot, b sung xy dng ci to h tng c s
ng b h thng cp thot nc mt v trm x l nc thi tp
trung, b tr din tch t lu gi cht thi cng nghip ti cc c
s trong cc khu, cm cng nghip.
+ Xy dng v ban hnh Quy nh v qun l mi trng, Quy ch hot ng
ca cc c s sn xut trong cc khu, cm cng nghip tp trung.
+ Thc hin ni quy v sinh mi trng i vi tng lng ngh c gn kt vi
cc tiu ch bnh xt, cng nhn lng vn ho v gia nh vn ho.
+ Cc x c khu, cm cng nghip tp trung phi b tr cn b chuyn trch
lm cng tc qun l mi trng, thnh lp v vn hnh Ban qun l KCN hot ng
c lp di s ch o trc tip ca UBND x v Ban qun l cc KCN cp trn.
+ Trong cc lng ngh phi c cc cn b k thut v an ton lao ng, gim
st v qun l cht lng mi trng gip chnh quyn thn n c vic thc hin
cc quy nh ca nh nc v a phng v bo m v sinh mi trng.
+ Cc c s sn xut cng nghip v tiu th cng nghip phi thnh lp t,
nhm lm cng tc v sinh mi trng trong phm vi hot ng ti c s v tham gia
cc hot ng gi gn v sinh ng lng, ng xm v khu cng nghip.
+ Tng cng s phi kt hp ca cc t chc chnh tr x hi, cc on th
qun chng trong cng tc gio dc truyn thng mi trung, thng qua cc hot
ng tuyn truyn vn ng, pht huy c hiu qu h thng cc phng tin truyn
thng i chng, biu dng, khen thng kp thi gng ngi tt vic tt.
- i vi cc d n u t xy dng c s h tng khu, cm cng nghip lng
ngh:
+ Lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng i vi cc d n u t xy
dng h tng k thut khu, cm cng nghip tp trung trnh cp c thm quyn ph
duyt trc khi khi cng xy dng.
+ Cc d n u t vo khu, cm cng nghip ch c k hp ng thu t
hoc nhn giao t sau khi c Quyt nh ph duyt bo co nh gi tc ng
mi trng hoc Bn cam kt bo v mi trng c xc nhn.
+ Cc c s ch c php sn xut sau khi c bin bn kim tra cc hng
mc cng trnh x l cht thi vn hnh th t yu cu mi c a vo s dng.
+ Khuyn khch khai thc nc mt vo phc v nc sn xut cng nghip
i vi cc cm cng nghip lng ngh c ngun nc mt.
- i mi chnh sch ca nh nc:

Chnh sch ca nh nc c vai tr quan trng trong vic to iu kin thun

li cho lng ngh truyn thng pht trin. Nh nc to iu kin lng ngh hot
ng sn xut kinh doanh theo ng lut php. Cc chnh sch cho pht trin lng
ngh cn tp trung vo nhng vn sau:
+ Nh nc c chnh sch u i cho vay vn, nht l nhng h ngho, i sng
kh khn. Tng cng vn trung hn v di hn, gim nhng th tc phin h khi vay
vn.
+ C chnh sch min gim thu i vi nhng lng ngh mi c khi phc
v cc sn phm mi sn xut ln u. ng thi c bin php hu hiu trong vic
chng trn thu, lu thu.
+ C s u i thu s dng t, nht l nhng khu qui hoch mt bng cho
sn xut. Vic cho thu t lm mt bng sn xut phi tun th Lut t ai,
t ai hot ng bnh thng theo c ch th trng v lm cho t ai c s
dng ng mc ch.
+ Khuyn khch thnh lp cc hip hi ngh, hip hi ngh s gip cc c s
sn xut, cc h gia nh c trao i v cung cp nhng thng tin cn thit nh:
gi c, th trng cng nh v k thut v trnh qun l.
Trn y l bo co tnh hnh thc hin cng tc qun l mi trng lng ngh
ca tnh Bc Ninh./.
Ni nhn:
KT. GIM C
-Nh knh gi;
PH GIM C
-G, PGS;
-on kim tra cng tc BVMT lng ngh
ti Q s 1694/Q-TNMT;
-Lu: VT, CCMT.

Nguyn i ng