TI SAO NGI VIT NI TING ANH KHNG HAY

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TI SAO NGI VIT NI TING ANH KHNG

HAY?
(How to speak English correctly)
C ln nghe u cu hi V sao dn Vit mnh ni ting Anh khng hay, rt kh? (1) ti cng
mun bnh lon i cht v vn ny. Mt mt, bo dn mnh ni ting Anh nghe c chui qu,
sai, v vn cn n v d nghe hn khi dng ting Anh nh Anh-Tu, Anh-Thi, Anh-Trung ng,
Anh-n, Anh-Phi Nhng mt khc, bo dn mnh ni ting Anh hay th cng sai lun, nghe ngang
ph, ch c ci d nghe.
Ting Vit c bn l m n, c bit ging Bc kh thun, khng c cc ging nng v m tit
c trng (accent), nn hc cc ngoi ng khc khng b nh hng nhiu v accent. Tuy nhin,
ting Vit ni khng c trng m v ng iu (v c 5 thanh ri, ng iu lm g na), nn
hc cc ting ca chu u thng cng ni ngang ngang v u u nh ting Vit, nhng cng
nh th m d nghe (nu ni chm v r tng ch).
Lm g, ngi ta cng d mc mt s im vng mc dn n sai lm (pitfalls), khin vic thc
hin kh thnh cng theo mun. Ni ting Anh cng khng l ngoi l. Trc ht, c nhng im
d mc cn trnh khi hc ni ting Anh nh sau:

1. ch ngi y ging
Ngi ta thng kh thin cn nu cha i su vo mt vn nht nh, c bit khi mi bt u
hc hay tp luyn mt ci g . S thin cn ch ngi y ging ny dn n cc h qu l:
a. t mc tiu khng cao:
Trc khi lm g ta cng phi t ra mc tiu r rng gip cho vic thc hin c nh hng
(ngi phng Ty gi l phng php Backcasting). Nhng thng thng khi ngi ta km
(do mi bt u hc) nn hay b mc bnh ch ngi y ging, khng bit th no mi l t yu
cu, cha ni th no mi l gii th gn nh khng c khi nim. Khi ngi ta mi hc ting Anh,
nu thy mt ngi ni chuyn c vi ngi nc ngoi thy l kinh lm, v ch mong c
nh th l tho mn lm ri. Ri khi bt u tm to c cht cn bn, th li thn tng nhng
ngi phun ting Anh nh gi (bt lun h ni ng hay sai).
Thng thng, ngi Vit mnh cng ch t mc tiu n th l ht, nn khi ni ting Anh c
lu lot, nh gi, th thng t tho mn mnh m khng c gng trau di, nng cp n ln na.
c bit nhng ngi hc chuyn v ting Anh cc trng Ngoi Ng, hay hn na l ngi
c i nc ngoi th cng coi thng, v ngh rng mnh c iu kin v mi trng nh th, th
no m ch gii ting Anh ni chung v ni ting Anh ni ring. Vi mt suy ngh u tr dng
vy, nn t l nhng ngi gii ting Anh cng nh ni ting Anh hay ngi Vit l rt khim tn,
khng ngoi l nhng ngi c iu kin i hc bng ting Anh, k c Vit Kiu.
V vy, c th t mt kt qu cao trong hc ting Anh ln ni ting Anh, ta cn phi t mc
tiu rt cao. Ring v chuyn ni, th ta phi ly mc trn l cc chnh khch M hay Anh (nhng
ngi c ti hng bin) m phn u. iu ny khng hn c ngha l ta s phi ni hay c
nh h, tt nhin v l thuyt, chng no cha ni c nh h, ngha l ta vn c th phi c
gng luyn tp tip. Tuy nhin, v thng con ngi him ai c th t 100% mc tiu c, thng
l mt s % nht nh no , nu ta t mc tiu thp t, th d t 99% cng ch th bng t
mc tiu cao cht vt nhng t 50% thi.
Trong trng hp ny cng th, nu ta t mc tiu ch l ni lu lot, th c khi ta ch t gn
c mc y, ngha l cha c g l gh gm c, nghe vn c th kh nh thng. Nhng nu

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TI SAO NGI VIT NI TING ANH KHNG HAY

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t mc tiu l Bill Clinton, th ch t khng ni hay bng ng ta (m ni hay bng th qui no c

con ngi ti nng hng bin th) th cng phi ni hay ch km g, hay thm ch hay hn c ngi
bn ng bnh thng. Phi lm cho ngi bn ng phi ngc nhin khi ta va ct ln mt cu ni,
th mi tm coi l ni ting Anh kh. Ging ngi Vit ta thi, khi nghe ngi nc ngoi ni mt
th ting Vit chun xc, ta cng ch trm tr b b i ch, nh?
b. Tinh tng
Ngi ta khi t c mt ci g trong mt ngui khc th thng b tt t mn, t kiu m dn
gian gi l tinh tng. Chnh v th, h cng thch th hin, m cng thch th hin th tm hn cng
bt an, cng d mc tt loi choi m khng ni cho chun theo mnh c. Hn na, v tinh tng,
nn h khng bit mnh, c ngh l mnh gii lm, v th cng khng th pht hin ci sai, ci km
ca mnh m phn u tip.
Ti quen mt s ngi, u c kh nng ni ting Anh lu lot trc ng ngi, nhng v h ngh
rng mnh th l qu kinh (so vi ngi Vit Nam) ri, nn ch nhn ln, ch nhn xung, mi m
vn ch mt mc cho dn Vit lc mt, nhng dn Ty th e rng... C l mi ngi phi c lc
ng ra, hiu c th no mi l mc gii thc s, v t thy r rng ci yu km ca mnh,
nhn ra rng con ng i n ch ti u cn gian nan lm, th mi c th tip tc vn ln c.

2. Hp tp
Ngi Vit (m c ngi nc khc na) khi hc ni thng c xu hng thch ni nhanh, chc
do nh hng bi nhng quan im nh "thng/con y ni ting Anh nh gi" v suy ra n gii
ting Anh. Bn cnh , ni nhanh bao gi cng d hn, v ni vo c, lp lim i cc ch sai.
Nguyn tc ca mt mn g , chng hn trong th thao, i nhanh kh, nhng i chm m
chun cn kh hn.
V d bn no chi trt tuyt, trt bng s thy i chm v ng k thut khng phi
chuyn n gin. Nhng ngi tp th thao khng bi bn, thng c chi vi tc nhanh khi
bt u vo gung, v lm nhanh s d dn n trng thi xung c (phn khch) m vo tay
nhanh, ri dn dn khi hon thin trnh mi im m dn; cn theo h thng tp hun chuyn
nghip, ngi tp bao gi cng bt u mt cch chm ri nhng ng k thut.
Trong ting Anh cng vy. Nu bn no ang c thi quen t nhin ni "nh gi", hay th ni tht
chm ri th xem, s thy rt kh, v pht hin ra mnh c nhiu ci sai th v pht y. Hy i t
t v chc chn, th chm m ng cn hn nhanh m sai.

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TI SAO NGI VIT NI TING ANH KHNG HAY

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3. Thiu kin tr (Dc tc bt t)

Thiu kin tr hay dc tc bt t l c tt ca con ngi. Trn bn v hp tp trong khi ni,
nay li l chuyn mun thu, hp tp vi vng t chy giai on trong qu trnh luyn ting. Bn
thn ti chp chng t hc ting Anh t cui cp 1 bng mt cun sch t hc ting Anh, lin tc
t hc khng qua mt trng lp chnh thc no (tr mn ting Anh d hi bit bi c nm vo
Ph thng v i hc) cho n khi hc xong i hc, tng present 3h lin tc trc hng chc
gio s vi sinh vin Canada trong mt d n hp tc v c h nh gi khng n ni. Vy m
cho mi n 3 nm trc y mi pht hin ra mnh ni khng chun rt nhiu ch, ch cha k
n chuyn ni hay. Sau , ti phi mt hn na nm tri luyn ni, mi ngy b ra t th 5
pht, nhiu th na gi c t th 3 cu, nhiu th mt vi trang ting Anh, c th iu chnh
ton b ging ni ln T vng ni ca mnh.
Sau , ti vn lun c thc trau di kh nng ni ca mnh mi lc mi ni tuy khng mang tnh
cp tc (intensive training) nh vy na, c mt ging ni cng khng n ni qu t ti khi ra
gp bn b quc t. Tuy vy, vn cn nhiu iu phi phn u na lm.

3. Tm l s sai v hay ngi

Bnh "e ngi" ny khng ch l ca ngi Vit Nam chng ta m c im ca
ngi Phng ng ni chung. Theo quan im ca c nhn ti c nhiu l do chng ta "ngi" ni
ting Anh. Th nht l "cm gic bun ci" khi ni ting Anh gia nhng ngi Vit vi nhau.
Trong u chng ta lun c mt cu hi l ti sao li phi ni ting Anh trong khi hon ton c th
ni ting Vit. y l nguyn nhn ti sao trnh ting Anh ca chng ta c l kh c th bng
mt s nc trong khu vc nh Singapore, Malaysia v bn cc nc ny tr em c ngun gc
khc nhau v bt but phi s dng ting Anh giao tip. c mt "sng kin" cho l khi t
chc hp chuyn mn trong mt khoa, phi s dng ting nc ngoi nh ting Anh, ting Nga,
ting Php, vv, nhng "sng kin" ny khng thc hin c v n c "lm sao y". Nguyn nhn
th hai l chng ta cm thy khng hon ton "t tin" khi ni ting Anh, c l phn ln l do s ni

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TI SAO NGI VIT NI TING ANH KHNG HAY

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sai v s b ngi khc sa. Thc t th khng phi ch trong lnh vc ngoi ng m c trong cc
lnh vc khc, khi chng ta khng c kin thc, khng bit cch ni th chng ta cng "ngi". Rt
nhiu ngi cho l chng ta phi mnh dn ni th mi ni tt c, nhng thc ra mnh dn
c chng ta phi c cht vn ling to . Theo quan im c nhn ti th vn ling l pht
m ting Anh chun. Ci kh ch ng m (thc hnh) l mt mn hc rt kh khan v i hi s
kin tr cao. Ngy nay c nhiu chng trnh luyn pht m khc nhau nh "Pronunciation Power".
"Master spoken English", vi cc bi luyn c bn gip ngi hc pht m chun (Anh Anh hoc
Anh M). Nu phi hc li ting Anh t u, chc chc ti s u t nhiu vo mn hc ny hn.
(theo PNT, web.hanu.vn)
Bnh ca ngi Vit ni ting Anh
Nhiu nm iu hnh cu lc b ting Anh Trung Quc v nay VN, ti rt ra mt s bnh ca
ngi ni ting Anh, c bit l HSSV VN. Do ti rt ly lm l th khi c lot bi By nm hc
ph thng - ti sao khng bit ni ting Anh? trn bo Tui Tr.
Trc ht, ti mun ni n tm l s ni sai ca cc bn ang hc ting
Anh. cu lc b ca mnh, ti lun kch mi ngi ni. Thng ip m ti
a ra l c ni i, khng s sai, khng s ci, vy l h ni tht thoi mi.
Mt kiu hc ca ngi Vit na m ti thng thy l hc qu nhiu ng
php, t vng, n ni gp ng cnh cn ni mt cu n gin, v d I want to
go home now (by gi ti ang mun v nh) th khng c phn x ni ngay
m phi suy ngh trong u dch t ting Vit sang ting Anh. Hc ni ting
Anh, theo ti, trc ht phi hc pht m tt. Khi pht m ng mi nghe v
hiu ngi i din. Tn dng mi c hi gp g ngi nc ngoi, v d i
cu lc b, n cc qun c ph c ngi nc ngoi, lm quen bn b nc
ngoi qua online (thay v chat chuyn phim, tm ngi yu nh thi quen ca
nhiu bn tr Vit th nn tranh th hc ting Anh)...
GUY KLAGES (Ch nhim CLB ni ting Anh English Home)

****
Trn y l 4 im c bn thuc v nhn thc v thi , lm cn tr vic luyn ni ting Anh cho
chun v hay. Ngoi ra cn c nhiu c im nh khc, cc bn c th t pht hin thm. Ti xin
tm dng vn ny y.
Nhng nguyn nhn ny ti nu ra lm im khi ng cho chnh ca ti l chia s vi cc
bn kinh nghim t luyn ging ni ting Anh ca mnh, hay ng ra l thay mu vn t ni v
luyn ging ni cha chun ca mnh.

mk:@MSITStore:C:\Users\Truong\Downloads\BOOK%20FOR%20KINDLE\VIETN... 09/02/2015