Set"dey vole. C615} 4) ain lds a weuayized bachelor degeejh engineering trem & local uve: Wik 5 yeas of reetent eapeviene he ion excelent emplyce in an exgneeing costrchan 6 management Campaneverttele, He hos teen tro bay 40 regiter a6 a Gruduate Exgincer.Covment rm Mic ink of ow on che inwhenent Zahn enghcorag avis based on Region ot Engines. hcl I67.

CVpning Pe fecion m4 Pele Sic escapee ae earn D the bidge pan ib bam tony and ehedsled or completin in Bowel suggest a Bar chart Jha cavers ab necessary. censhuchon See akages or te Bride. 190) 1) Tae “ine (wee) eh ravastaram in mibis “baigint ea Se Fis ae ~ Abert nt ae = Allert Nez — Sel Girkes cnet deck. ae = hing cytonBa) Disass the canbol systems that you will slop cing contruction of idge Ting Soge | Meant? Cat Bee sls, Budget, Project chatter Henny Soge | ea: Dukning sng model fseton | chalet “igen Catal (hdl, pr canpn ber cote) Cosh Carre} Ea Value snd $- curve, Fesouce Leveling) ~anty Condo} (uals Corral Test) Delivaing mechanisms Harder decament, dees lit, elec Wabi, Shug performance bond, of bulk cbawing 5]. Oiesertne ben aay ervies ond qualiy manuicerg pach dinnsong raaDsct evally | sa Mce culty ~ Fofarece tages ~Feswes ~ sees eloalty ~ pai ~ Rgonsivens ~cexkrmance ~hsrnce = basil ~ tnpathy ~serzeoity ht hehe ~Presonalsnn Foceved Guns | ~tinetiness 2 what 6 “plobel compebtvensss”? Duss ,ushy exemples, & indicators * +e meosue ghbal competences linal compehiveness ~ Gunton goal canpeliverts are neneteted ~ Faller ually of product or senice will enue Higher reaagnition in dems of global cempebivenss. Indeatrs te measve Sobel Competivenss = Sendord of ving = Monakochoing produchiity = Slondord of educatin nde. ~nvestnert rae Factor hep Jaton 49 become Weld champion in glbal canpetiencss bag highs standard of ling hos hight inestment rake (Jaen «2%, uS-22%) Has hight slordord 9 edacoton highest shel dag (Capen «80 days 5 = dogs) Othe public interest can be presented In terme of sfely, heath ane wwljae *ihg fram aging wore Cibise tses pertaining de: Dhealth prHlem to the pa Lypas snes inkemet) public weave Tenengyor Dem prject (pg #8) e] © Spin 3 components of Josh's quality logy Ping | Bien ho the cate are = Delemine the needs of thse cusemers —ekelop a praduct thal can respond te those needs optimize she profct Featues 12 meet oor needs ond ashomer needs cpmemert —~ Deslop 2 prcecs whic is able Yo proluce the | oduct = optnize she prowess ial Bove that she prac con pode the product under peeing cacions with minimal inspection “aster she poss 4 option’ Eads Yoniy ene of the mosh ptr qualily panes Tans > of ps9 iD Dede arson of pee ~ Create and eanevunicate 1a empleyees 2 shlement the aims and papose of she company 2 Adopt a need phosophy = Tk important tp know that pehthies and economics sare ahings changing. am Sine 4 ine 2) crenle mats inepecion ~ Bul qunty info « prodiel taughout production 1) Candantly improve the sem Wt fr covstenily. improve qually ond. productily Dampre leeip tems of enlionmerfal projection (18) ~fniscomental eguetes design trenlnert prousies +» ensue shop the enionment We ie mis $ dor harman ond abn hoje ~ thay alto work 42 erste shot all cbucopment prjeds ve centvucled ond epouted ina Sulainable manner wihouk dosragay the nahuel enironment. = Bxample «ah dation pond in Pandy Kuala Lumpur, Desube 3 Fanchins © Bean (95 67 D veeping end maining regiter 2) Approving Rejecting appicatins tor region 2D desredfng academe quaticationt Drromolng corknved teaming and edveahon 2) fing she scale of fees. © eBoy 95 « Goleholdor in a contract for professional engneevng Senies Diabaig she conduct and efhles of enghvering profession Extlain how « petton could quay on fellning cnlegeny fy 62) 9 Trefesional Engineer ~ os psted the Professinal zesument Exeminain (OM) af tem — has ben deced «6 « Copomfe ember of Em D Graduate engine. hes rgiered ab @ Ganda gine wi BE 6 Sfclzed heroghly by the Apleaio. Gnitee tb ese covgiance wth the ek and wth she poicg of Bem 9g eines bas nagitered 5 0 empsiy engcer wh HEAL is cadtniaed hoouply by the Aylinion Commie te ture canplnce wit the 4k ond Bh the ploy of BEM Bi] 6 jwstieation on what woud you consider as the: chavactousties of an effenk engineer (py 24) > Hee ht aude 9 become effec 2 Tecinleally Omgetent in own agupline b onder te pectice > Leow in wrveses no} enough, need 4p learn mare sp porn spec eee © wiling 49 vpdate Ahenselves wih Ieesk develpment and tnodedge ivough eanfinsos, fearing 2) Bh supe nah limited ty dechnical sues of exgorizatin say 5) Goed management eile is vol D Good tommurication cls 3) Heed -p perform mulitaching ab Ove Hine. 4 Ally 49 work as Heayn No) eed to have leadership quellly +e motivate subordinates.Bl) with he id of chark, deseibe the phases in the We eyele of an engineers rojest (Rg HD rei feat ing pra | BS eae nad! ; | et pcauption open Conteh Loront Tear [etree ee enmity “Fit ecalia delving dye ME aa ae ‘<7 Wing a0 emple prjedl, Asiats man desls to betbe perfarmed by a grjech manager cing the pre-conshuctin gaming ange of deidopment pajeck + (e125) = eldshng,gjeck lam | ngaizth ~ Yoviring she design - ried Stage of work, ark eckmehion ~ Developing the schedsie ~Trepaing ath flow 2) Raed Nees isuedl bj At CHb nor (1957 * Dovespend Sipeage > [H] D1 Gee « detition of squaty (1962) ually i he ably f a praduch or senize 1 meet acomer’s opecletions for that profut arsenic. 2) Disuss how this delinin com be related +> the & ahibates oF produc qualy = Performance = a praducls primary operating chevactenitics, = fealuis > exha ems added to she performance —Ralabity =the pobsbity » pouch Ancins amr He, seen ine + Aa ‘ve =esthelic + how « product looks, feels, sounds tshes ar Smell W) Dibuts the Flowing 3S Sigma His 0 bisiness wanagemert Srakegy fi} introduced ty ore ~The concepts olins 42 improve gerformnance in process. by Aliminating defecks as enke of 244 par milion epforunbios or le = ip mehodalais DVMAEL ~ delne, Mensa, Pale, ipa, Carbo} Ltooting for incewerfal irprovernenls) 1 OMADY - Dekine, Measire , Analyze, Design, Verify (se to develop row process or preducls + Se Sigma syility Feel) eB) 93) Pate Law HG siggesed by dram and he named Prete Law flor Stalian economich, uifedo Pareto ~ Also krewn as. £0-20 wile ~ 3 sltes sha form wnany even, roughly 80% of the effects womes from 20% of he causes, ~ Example 9 olan economist; Viliedo Paro obsetted hat 60% of he lard 9 tan ves ened By 20% af the population Dar of lisahifactin is caused bf 20% of she pablems ] B ecanples > elabrate the wes of engines ir suthrnable sues Temerggor Dam Fojeth, conghrcion & bydodectie pover plant miniohes the safety and swelare of he pbc ~eansumes @ large area of jangle and wil case deforestation “land is scarce nowadays and this issue may become more cakcal with the exponential growth & population ~The resettlement of people wos affected “This engineers involved has considered the welfare ond sstely of the community ~Tday, the arta serves a: athaching, for ece-toussn, shady oF nabuie ,rewreation ~ Forhemore show 1 mo heaty ood vetltig dom heaty (sin She ae agsreaen 2 Green Energy Balding + Energy conhe of Malaysia = the hildng applied a combination of advance and currenily svudiable “energ) eiient and reneuldh}e energy Jesh wing design Dnceph stage. ~The Green ovis Gaidng save as 4 model for fetvre bdldlings: whi have teatines of minimized anergy demand lead , usage @F renonhbie enéray and efficient use of es fol = Sesinablity Ceqstes working defensively and also ereati Innovative projec such 45 envionment —fiondly ‘yet in homes and cas ® Abandoned tin mining poole in ferake example of long term effects of ecenemic actinies and angineering works on he entonment. ~Tin cash ede large-scale open-p) mining = There was a lack of concern regarding environmental prtections and athe ond use of the land after mining was completed = fe a result, mang mine holes were left unfiled ~ here have been reports sf emi ctegradation ix many gent Inthe vebeg: ~Fajneers com Yay impotent rl by pethopating sckvely Joteds the inbro or improvemeat af gMernment Paleits related 4 sihinable. developmentEIS Ily 2010 | Disssnts en Professional Fee. araye the ease in vtlaton to the Regen of rgineos tet GP onl jasiy AB's achn is eal Gy 97 Benepe, 1s vin shuatin for bath pois. ~twover, JE5 engineer mt wslze Ne respnsihily to the rolesion ond fellow engineers = HR Saled Ahat on eagneer mat no} try ty eompele walk other engineers ty reducing #205. (Regibatin of Engineers Act ) = AE 15 ako menfimed in FEMS Biel Trroduetion to Code of Chics for Yong Engineers hal dn engineering, Conallant shail not camry ovt pects for feet below he mininste oalned in the scale of fees ~ main eason for sting a serie of fee ist protect the welfare of engineers bj ensuring thet ahey are remuneroied sisfoctoy = 9E's aagineer should respect his owm experkse ond che right of other engineers by nob proving profesional serice ab a very lov fee. = Therefore, accepting job om ae wault be unethical (2) 2 viserss 2 basie guideline recommended for joing engineers. (jy #4) Dn engineer mst understand she néed for responsbily and Hablity a5 eipslnbed in the Cade af Trofisional of conduct 2) An engineer shoild wot sok or fou 1) An engineer mst respond prompiy te complaints and ngpiries by cints 7 aathonbts ip Desonibe 4 negative pertephons. (g5 27) = Pica coutse = Lace of glamour ore pettige N)islg fe esljes es shal agate areren = die +o minimal contack between engineers and publi: 8 camprred to dactos. = public has le Jno knowledge abort what engineers do. BD Wow to mite the ove? mengveer must fear she social side of engineering by ining ® broad grasp of developmental environmendaly saci! ond Professional tae = amgineer mish abiogs ty 40 wndectand hi obligations the pubicJ) Snke 3 components of Jum quality trilogy | =n) who the eashmere ae ~ Determine the needs of he ashomers. ~ Develop a product that aan vepend to those needs. | "Ortinke the product fentures, mitment — Develop a preety whichis able 4o produce product |= ophnize the proves coke! |= Powe the puis that can prdste the produch ander nottmal operating condivans with mn ingpection ‘—“Transfer the procese +» operntion. anni bess & of Edward Dening's Pt (ty 168) 1 crtate coxshaney of parpote = create ond canmanicabe 49 all emplagees a statement of the ims and ponpose of the company 2 Adoph « sew ghilosophy = Hb impeank ty know that industries and economics are always changing tom tne Yo ime 3) Cotate mass inspection ~ Bild quality aba product twosgrost production 2D Constantly sprove she system ~ Meiko condtly. improve quality and. produtity TE] © Briefly disussed 2 acts in Malaysia - (py 25-34) 2D Peboleam ket “Ib an Ack 49 crsolidate laws relating ty cafty in Yroneportction storage sind vtlizaton of pelraloum ote provide for taiers lating thereto — hese Ad's sequitement me Intended +0 protect ‘he workers public and. properes 2) Enviiommenfal aoaliy fet CeaA) 74 ~ mainly addiesses the pollution problems ante, om Indshial charge and emission on land water, and atm —emphasions public health ond safety W aborehe the jitcal reasons Aor judgement on the eeincer in > Highland Tower case yl?) Nob taking into account Wt/slope bebied the Towers 2D Nor hadng Alvigned and cmitrached foundation to Giler for lateral Loads. of lendstte,/ aHernaively to nie ehivied ahat he odjacont Wil sope was stable 2D ok hovirg emplemented he approled Auinage scheme D Calading with and 2° defenders aban « Cenbicate OF Biness withost Kullling he condihing impored vy 4h deferdent 3 alee a he was an unreasonable user of landIson 2010 9) Diem Wbweth BEM and Te SRE Shak ~hepig od ring ee apy Rgchng phan on sem bomefe and odtonce shecry ond proce of engineering ol disigines —hise he chatacter and shah she pafession fnangt leshwes, exhib canference ~Colech ahd diane eagineerg info = incounge she shay oF engincenng Orgone and frotle maprverent ~Aecditng scabeniteqylchon | ~Romahing Unkved learning ond me aon “Fixing the sucka Fees Aeey aca Sidaler na | Contract for peesinal eng Se a ee eaten ~Fepling te conbach A nies —tnereade the ioafderce of the commas BE ae engneenig PAteson in the emphyeionk of reeonlzed ony ik 6 mejor groups of programmes ler the CO ~tomalahieation and sing = Informa. leomibg = inference rl meeting ~ Feesentahion ane papers —Senice aches —“Inkohy indvement sas the iia reson for Judgment on he engineer nonin Tener eage Dering ustebhe franks 2 Shoning Yale af care ol creer Ber the ap slope 2) Tsbving 9 shut to she authoribs conning th deinagt Wolk WHY compAched Wen nly Aachen of A vhs dove > 1) Disass the main tras te be porfomed by n project meager 4 entire 1508" im delelyment of engnsoing pofect ~machineses = inethodslogy Ee manpower wohl ©) Des and caasruction of 4 new sl refinery campler wi sn capactty oF 50,000 bariels parday:-the peje it hedsled for eompletion in 36 months DSggot « tnoclve! VBS Sr she peject Level 2 1h Sle peporson level 2 lacie 1 efi V2 Office Bal Ginplex 19 Gas fornia 14 cone) Ream M3 5 seggert 4 emrot dot that yu will adoph doing censrnction oF ther weiner} Dine embal ~ Shere compass, bar chor (Deplag trae bars or each activi? “Fefumane Measncmerd ‘ing Sane) ~ Pojeck omagemend éoftvare Crack noha) pogess ds oe planned doles) Daas torbal = Cat change unt} ~ errearce Mesturhend nays ~Forevasing ~ foject henagement sxftworeMy 96 Leys) Exp he 0 poson ould gully a Topo Enginer. ($7) ~ Fie splcan fo eglakn,e'tas Tepe tage eign engines) & sentinized throughly by the Aplin Cominaiee 0 ensne cenplionce with she Act ond wth she plicy of BEM TEM Avaigh 6 Exaalontin and Qvlticaon Commie conduls ‘he Tefasonal tsesmonk Stamnaton (KE) 40. Mzets he quay oF expetionce qrined ky each of he Gmndurte eyineetS ond thei competency. Desabe 6 fsdons of dre ard of tyicets Malays (9) Veepig onl macnn reser ~ Appning 1 hedging or regions ~ receditig, academic aseifcahion ~ Promehng cninaed. learning and education ~ Fring the sule of fees ~ Aelng 9 Saeholder in a covert tor priesional engidetcg sonics ~Replatig the crduck and etter of she ebgneeriny profession, cout ase othe Highland Towers Tinged) of 3. What was the engineer's defence and why cid she court reject it? fyi) | (2) 6) With reforence to she Bechicity Supply Act IANO and Elechity | Bapleins I, dca the ooh Ht eed be eon Wy # soto « capctnt pean fsloiny fee at axident (36) He ewer feaee or spy acbesy £ management mst report the acaderk and fie 4° commision by the qulchest reans avalabte & subseqsenily wih the leach pale dehy, report in witing 49° Commision the tals of she matler, W elec supply Act 110 hs pars dln with diferent isues telang 4 eecbily sup Dhuass any 2 Jars ofthe hove eh Yat Z Pliny ‘Dh Se a oppleabn We ock may We ches he Clehiniy Spy ed Mo “hs oth aah ols thoughonk molto; ever Miner may ere A taderehien “Sepnd ke apron “Chitran’ mens he chimes of Ahe they Conmtson apritted by the Miner ander taeigg Conmtsatn Act 2001 = *Ganmivsin® means he Enegs Commision eetlihed vader Eres} Comat, Ad 200) Pu. - Finds Dike sed Pose of Common {9 the Contin ch cary oot sth cin ord des a ou tv tre Genres ander sein 1 OF ti fet D 4p ertte Shah al reetonaie demand Tr tecicy ove sid 4p ntegete tj auldert oF He nvaving elec! ‘Ashok Dry prowoje the efficient use of elechicilyJ a) Wah the aid of chyet , deseribe the commen phases in the He ale & an engnewring projec (py 4) HS apion Foxton [pation pac Torker, rising i b Thniy Exeetn telindng stage |” nae tec sree tgs Using am example preech dius the man tas te be prfmed bj 9 ‘prject manager chwing the pre-construction flaming tage of a aselepment project. (py vs) 1 siey reect em erin = sch a5 conbedo's prjeck enager, contractor's planing eginer Cangltont engineer dent's representative 2 Rating he deign 3) Reiiewing projects sage af work 1) Rolewity cat atiaton 2 Baily dese the ditfermce beveen planning and schedshng and vty thes are sgniticant in praject management. (P92) Nasretsae Dea race ~tklishment «6 fameware |= Srocess af converting an eine wer | Plan of prec to Hine based = frswer show,what ,when,whon- | S°9Ncal_ sepresentation ~ eomple: Convetng RC Box Design | AMhWerts when. Sia, ashing, Wal, Epa ["Prample: Sh ag, bn rth Hwa B age b engi Reasone fr Paming ond Scheduling = "To know ow long “he project wll Fae = To know how anuich project cals and iS within the budget =o increase pret efficienry and perfomence To idewtly assess ond reduce ris =e define sequence of actos 40 ophiniae mage Of resources.1 2) Re bie si 00m Ig od Ae th tm ide. the bdge | i schedded fe crmlebon in 4 mr. D Sagat « Galt dt hot cows a neesery Losin wre pukages For she wide yItod nebaties [ame My Aguch Seplenber xcoiain L Badefh) Filing a Aafmest Hed | Ahaheneng Naa a irios | ei = Fniding spereitg | —= Discus the canal system chat you will adopt cing cnsnueion ef the bridge to ensere tha ple botiom-ines in prgeet managenent ovt met. (fy 48) ening Sage | Mechanims: Cot Bnet Aosyse, Bulge, Pojech cheer Pening and Rechansms Benehmait wing trades or sign Shae Pobtypes. Exccafon Pacha Sige ~ ne Cota (Sdedile bate, pragess comparison bar chats? ~ ebseried shat 0%, oF he land in Milan wos owned by 20% of the papslaton 2) Whe of desabituchion i consed ly 207, of the probiomeSAF Fond Gn Jon 00h 1) 2 buy hy ng is enced aC 8 prasion ty = aedyenant & duran = Neh idk pial hainng or epee ship ~Foaponbe fv pic eneit oie it rob mnt sec steer wih Aandond -rapated oot Censve feral edocotion —Spienled ond seciaized skis. Banchons af Brard oF Engineers malaysia (BER) requ the conduct & ethics of engmesiog. pattern 2 fecreding academic yalfcatoes 3) fing be sale of fees ‘D ackng a5 a dakeholier i a. crack for pekesional engrtng ries S)promete enfnsed earning & edvceion Deus slits fr cone Ahk mph aie tam ahs cols vith mgaeds 1 empet-eplete relations ) A Rejilered Enger in KB esp 0 hi empl, chent oF fresion shal have $41 gorse public wlosh, (9g 1 Cae 2 «Orton of chemical We fom 9 Pan. > Ragilend Engineer in WS resporsaity sho dsdarge Ws dais, sp is enpogo/eiond 05 the ast may be wih englete felt cept with he plmisin of ib enplyer,« Reghtoed.yicertg dak act arg f@rdnenton for servis reedered ehher thon ‘pom his enplyor™. (9 8-6) cose 3 it Ging te: Shion Hom fie-aonig sm, Dr. Sereng jeht Sir where she worked ag design ebgheer, 49 join 4 certs. 1 Bs ihn ce et A, Seana LA nin she entrain docamers oF the pre he hd 5h ample, Sr, Serena ws, lator Wgusted 40 ign the chaniygs bak she refed D begs 2 code of eis (51> BD mica whether or not 3rSommm mos Hot He vehse siping ‘he downer, wth reference 40 engicoing code of his,} a) Deserbe the shage> in life cycle of an engineering project, (py lit) nctinks A mepion ‘ ‘ asian casa a ate pein EB | ‘ ing => Png eaten 9 De = Sra terme aon mene Shon Geeertn) Sdn Fh Yas been awaited 5 mejor conkuct or the design & contnicén af an cil reBMEry-"he pijec ic Scheduled for conplefon in 36 moni Dene your aieinent of artical aciities for conshucin of sefibery- Gitcal acy = ong ocivly along he creel poth Cia) actly on a ccd pth bos x0r0 flo, where flank is Whe slenonce of Hine, belween ene of precedent ackhy ond storing time of 0 filowng achily rach ential acivag mat be conied out immediatly offer « precedent achviy in order 10 aveid delay some of “he mst ely eiical acts. bully costructins filling works , contraction of ie caps, conshructin of syper= Soucture elements. the talumrs and sleor beoms snenth | wae | Aches ete || 2 34/6 a \ beg 2: Fabration 2 Foundations 4 Tron 5 Conissioning “ag F— ‘ = 1) Distasy the control system “hat you wil adopt dating cortbuchion of refinery. Bering Sage | Mecharons> Cth Bnet holy, tale Pest herder Waning Sage |IRechansos: Ferchrenking Wing models Fain | mechani: ‘oy |e carba (sehee betine pots compe¥ior borchn!) [FCs Cont (fam Ye and Sve, Retouce Uevling) ~Gulty Contre) (Buatty Condo Tek) Tebjedig | Mehanione: Yordoior dosent defects eh, ‘toe Ale} alls, yertormamce ond, abit crewing 2 Sapese the you harp hen oped as ensuing anghter the covet dey of new AIC ikon icp. spec in “wah Ren Dopore «Hele! WAS for the pred veel sae vee Ua Fathont Matin U1 Into wml yan tay ba ene Cope Stans ting 10 tag meg ra aire ene eatin 1h Conval Aener Met miaslatet Us Fre degardmert 134 Shope protection oe at eee ae tas aiprimine va al det Ve ng we ve fing ve poate hing es| 4) ES 1 reels 4 the Prenton, abelement, anbel oF palin ond nhancement € te irene. atin cichrge rom inks emson te ang inland wafer i Spslited Secon 25 eno meray of Wend wer ~fermarert wer bodes inland trom coral zone and areas whage Pepoes ard use are dominated by senna of Hlooded canton. Deuss ervel methods ty calh poluton fe nldad. wer Pics te poly sndoed in the Ae f° pig ny nln jr Ayan is dem 0 Seve phe my lend wales = Faces wosle ik oF an my walins oF in any lace hort FE may gain acces fo meter = ples any wes in a postion where H can goih access + wajer ~enes she femponbue of the recvng wes to be vlied or Tower by moe than pseibed = Penalty i max Rmpok or fal tom of up to Syoirt or beth, WD The Emircomental Inpacd Aseament (EIA) ic introduced 96 a rmundectong equiprront or activities that have been included in Section, BA 9) Disass 2 man oberve of IA ~ exsving envinnmental fects sxe conidered in decision-making. proces ~ erswing psbe adverse enirowmaral impects are idetticd and ausided minis ~ infeing the puble about puposal 9 Dissass typical mpack that ave momaly AseSed and Ihde ESA reo 8) Bass te Ses tt shed be sloped ty the projec owner once EEA pect eppraed — Producing « belie project ~Theoparatig the principle o Sasibole development = Traeasing te tel of plc acephity of press ~Trerenting ca eechvene ~blininafing umecesary apeatn in the otanent pre,4) Whie dong muintenance work om the snitch beard , the apprentice wi invelved in an qcident (eledhric shock) and be come unconscious. | with reference to Glechilty Suptly Act HAO and lechicly Regulating ) Disoss she actions that need te be taken n@ Competent ‘ellowing the accidet, (99 26) am ers =reputh he acid fo-pe Conwisson ty he qplclesh means salable ~sikcqerdiy wih the lent possible delay repo in wring to the Commission ‘he acts of the matter +0 far ae they Gre Wroun 40 them resectvely Dias proper priced that néed 40 be done before allowhy ah apprentice tv do mainienance work on the switch boat 1B) with reference +> the Flecbidhy Supply fet IMO 1) Diswsy 2 factors that need 1 be considered in dsferning she Toth 1 Disuass pacedies by which leente can charge each of he censumers for she dlechity, tansumed