BIOLOGY 1306

EXAM CHAPTER 6-ENERGY

1. Organisms are described as thermodynamically open systems.

This means that

2. The ability to do work

3. Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or
destroyed
4.

Every energy transfer or transformation makes the universe more disordered

5. Metabolic pathways which consume energy

6.

Metabolic pathways which release energy

7. A synthesis or building up process

8. A degrading or breaking up process
9. Cellular respiration is an example of this metabolic pathway
10. Photosynthesis is an example of this metabolic pathway
11. Total energy
12. Quantitative measure of disorder that is proportional to randomness
G= H-TS
13. G is
14. H is
15. T is
16. S

is

17. The maximum amount of usable energy that can harvested from a particular
reaction is the systems free energy change from the initial to the final state
18. Portion a systems energy available to do work is the difference between
the total energy and the energy not available to do work
19. A system that is unable to do work
20. From the equation delta G= delta H- T delta S it is clear that
21. A reaction that proceeds with a net loss of free energy
22. An energy requiring reaction that proceeds with a net gain of free energy
23. Chemical products have less free energy than the reactant molecules
24. What must be true if the reaction AB + CD -> AC + BD occurs spontaneously?

25. Universal energy molecule, immediate source of energy that drives most
cellular work, couples exergonic and endergonic reactions
26. Totality of an organisms chemical processes
27. When a reaction is pushed away from equilibrium, the free energy of the
system