LI NI U

Hin nay t nc ta ang trong qu trnh hi nhp v pht trin v mi mt: Kinh t,
chnh tr, x hi, khoa hc k thut tin kp vi s pht trin ca th gii. c bit l trong
qu trnh cng nghip ho hin i ho t nc th t ng ho ng mt vai tr quan trng
nhm p ng cc yu ra ca nn sn xut cng nghip hin i: Tc sn xut, cht
lng, gi thnh, khu hao my mc. Vi s pht trin nh ngy nay cc ngnh cng nghip
ngy cng ng dng mnh m cc thnh tu ca khoa hc k thut c bit l t ng ho.
Trong nhng nm gn y b iu khin lp trnh PLC (programmable Logic
Controller). y l thit b lp trnh cho php ta thc hin linh hot cc thut ton logic thng
qua mt ngn ng lp trnh c s dung ngy cng rng ri trong nghnh cng nghip nc
ta nh l gii phap iu khin l tng cho vic t ng ho cc qua trnh sn xut.cung vi
s pht trin ca cng ng my tnh n nay b iu khin lp trnh PLC t c nhng u
th c bn trong ng dung iu khin cng nghip, l d dng trong lp trnh v lp trnh
li, cho php nhanh chng thay i chng trnh iu khin, c chc nng truyn thng cho
php ni mng nhiu cp nhm p ng yu cu iu khin v gim st h thng sn
xut, n gin trong bo dng v sa cha, tin cy cao trong cng nghip, cu to nh
gn so vi mch iu khin tng ng dng rle v gi thng ngay cng thp. Nh nhng
u im b iu khin lp trnh c th s dung trong iu khin tng my hay thit b sn
xut c lp hoc ni ghp thnh cc mng mini trong iu khin hot ng ca cc t bo
sn xut t ng hoc ca mt xng sn xut nh h thng mng cc b LAN.
SIEMENS l mt trong cc cng ty u tin ca CHLB c c mt ti Vit Nam .
SIEMENS quyt nh u t h SIMATIC S7 nh mt nn mng vng chc cho cng
ngh t ng ho trn pham vi quc t.
Thang my l mt thit b khng th thiu c trong vic vn chuyn ngi v hng
ho theo phng thng ng trong cc to nh cao tng hay trong cc nh my x nghip.
Ngy nay trn th gii thang my lun c nghin cu ci tin hin i ho p ng nhu
cu ngy cng cao ca x hi.
Di s hng dn chi tit ca thy V Vn H em thc hin lp trnh chng
trnh iu khin thang my cho nh 4 tng dng SIMATIC S7-300 ca hng SIEMEN.
Trong thi gian 1 k hc kh trnh khi nhng sai st. Em mong c s gp ch
bo thy c v cc bn. Em xin chn thnh cm n Thy gio TS.V Vn H gip em hon
thnh bi tp ny.

Mc lc
I.

GII THIU CHUNG.........................................................................................................3

1.1.

Khi nim chung..........................................................................................................3

1.2.

Phn loi theo thang my.............................................................................................3

1.2.1.

Phn loi theo cng dng......................................................................................3

1.2.2.

Phn loi thang theo ti trng...............................................................................3

1.2.3.

Phn loi theo tc di chuyn............................................................................3

1.3.

1.3.1.

Yu cu v an ton................................................................................................4

1.3.2.

Yu cu v git ca thang................................................................................4

1.3.3.

Yu cu dng chnh xc bung thang...................................................................4

1.4.

II.

Yu cu i vi thang my...........................................................................................4

Cu trc chung v nguyn l hot ng.......................................................................4

1.4.1.

Cu to chung ca thang my...............................................................................5

1.4.2.

H thng in ca thang my................................................................................6

1.4.3.

Thit b c kh ca thang my...............................................................................6

1.4.4.

H thng cn bng trong thang my.....................................................................8

1.4.5.

Thit b an ton c kh..........................................................................................9

1.4.6.

Nguyn tc hot ng ca thang my...................................................................9

PLC S7-300.......................................................................................................................10

III. Thut ton iu khin........................................................................................................12

I. GII THIU CHUNG

I.1. Khi nim chung
Thang my l thit b chuyn dng vn chuyn ngi, hng ho theo phng thng
ng v theo mt tuyn nh xc nh. Thang my c dng trong cc to nh cao tng,
trong cc nh my hin i. Thang my xut hin rt sm, t cui th k XIX n c dng
trong cc nh my cng nghip, cc cng trnh xy dng ln vn chuyn hng ho vt liu
xy dng. Vn nan gii nht i vi thang my l an ton. Cho nn thang my thi by gi
cha c dng ch ngi. Ch n khi mt k s ngi M tn l OTIS ( Ngi sau
ny thnh lp nn hng thang my ni ting OTIS ELEVATOR Co.) ch to c h
thng phanh an ton cho thang my th lc thang my mi c ch ngi cho cc to nh
cao tng.
Ngoi ngha vn chuyn, thang my cn l mt trong nhng yu t lm tng v p, tin
nghi ca cng trnh. Nhiu quc gia trn th gii quy nh i vi cc to nh cao 6 tng
tr ln phi c trang b thang my. m bo cho ngi i li thun tin, tit kim thi
gian v tng nng sut lao ng. Tuy nhin vi cc cng trnh c bit nh: nh my, khch
sn, bnh vin.. mc d s tng < 6 nhng do yu cu phc v vn cn c trang b thang
my.
Thang my l mt thit b vn chuyn i hi tnh an ton nghim ngt v lin quan trc
tip n tnh mng con ngi. V vy yu cu chung vi thang my khi thit k, ch to, lp
t, vn hnh, s dng v sa cha phi tun th mt cch nghim ngt cc yu cu v k
thut an ton c quy nh trong cc tiu chun, quy phm.

I.2. Phn loi theo thang my

I.2.1.
Phn loi theo cng dng
a) Thang my ch ngi trong cc ta nh cao tng
C tc trung bnh hoc ln. i hi vn hnh m, an ton v m thut.
b) Thang my dng trong cc bnh vin
m bo tuyt i an ton, vn hnh m. Thi gian vn chuyn nhanh nhm m p ng
cc nhu cu c th ca bnh vin. Ngoi ra kch thc ca cabin phi ln cha bng ca
hoc ging ca bnh nhn cng vi cc bc s, nhn vin v cc trang thit b i km.
c) Thang my trong hm m x nghip
p ng c cc iu kin lm vic khc nghit trong mi trng cng nghip nh: Tc
ng ca m, nhit , thi gian lm vic ln, n mn do ho cht.
d) Thang my ch hng
c s dng rng ri trong cng nghip n i hi cao v dng chnh xc cabin. m
bo vic vn chuyn hng ho ln xung d dng.
I.2.2.
Phn loi thang theo ti trng
- Thang my loi nh: Q < 500kg.
- Thang my loi trung bnh: Q = 500 kg 2000 kg.
- Thang my loi ln: Q > 2000 kg.
3

I.2.3.
Phn loi theo tc di chuyn
- Thang my chy chm: V = 0.5 m/s.
- Thang my c tc trung bnh: V = 0.75m/s 1.5m/s.
- Thang my cao tc: V = 2.5m/s 5m/s.

I.3. Yu cu i vi thang my
I.3.1.
Yu cu v an ton
i vi thang my yu cu v an ton l quan trng nht. Nht l thang my ch ngi v
n lin quan trc tip ti tnh mng con ngi. m bo an ton cho thang my lm vic
th mi b phn ca thang phi c m bo theo cc tiu chun an ton ca nh nc. Gia
phn in v phn c kh phi c kho lin ng cht ch. Cc b phn c kh phi tho mn
iu kin an ton th phn in mi c php hot ng.
m bo an ton bung thang phi c treo bng nhiu si cp. Cc si cp phi c
cng nh nhau. phng trng hp xu nht, thang phi c trang b phanh an ton,
c nhim v dng thang khi thang vt qu tc cho php hoc khi cp treo b t.
I.3.2.
Yu cu v git ca thang
Mt trong nhng yu cu c bn i vi thang my ch ngi l phi m bo cho bung
thang chuyn ng m. Bung thang chuyn ng m hay khng ph thuc vo gia tc khi
ng v hm dng.
Tc di chuyn trung bnh ca thang quyt nh n nng sut ca thang. Tc c
th thay i bng cch lm tng hoc gim thi gian hm m my. Nhng khi gim thi gian
hm, m my gia tc ln s gy kh chu cho hnh khch nh: Git mnh, chng mt, nght
th
Tuy nhin vi bi tp ny em tm thi khng tnh ton v ch ny, coi thang chy u
v dng ngay lp tc khi c yu cu dng.
I.3.3.
Yu cu dng chnh xc bung thang
Bung thang phi c dng chnh xc so vi mt sn ca tng cn dng. Nu bung
thang khng dng chnh xc s gy kh khn cho hnh khch ra vo. Lm tng thi gian dn
n gim nng sut ca thang my. i vi thang vn chuyn hng ho, dng thang khng
chnh xc s gy kh khn cho vic bc xp. Nhiu trng hp khng th thc hin c
vic bc xp hng ho.
Ngoi cc yu cu trn th thang my cn mt s yu cu khc:
- V thang my lm vic ch lp li ngn hn nn yu cu thit b ng ct mch lc
phi m bo an ton, chc chn v chu c tn s ng ct cao.
- Mch iu khin phi n gin cho ngi s dng c thun li.
- Logic iu khin phi y , cht ch.
- Tnh thm m.

I.4. Cu trc chung v nguyn l hot ng

Thang my c nhiu kiu khc nhau nhng nhn chung c cc b phn chnh sau:
4

- Cabin v h thng treo cabin

- C cu ng m ca cabin
- B hm phanh bo him
- Cp nng
- i trng, v h thng cn bng
- H thng ray dn hng
- T in iu khin cng cc trang thit b in iu khin thang my hot ng theo
ng chc nng
- Ca tng
- Ca cabin cng h thng kha lin ng.
I.4.1.

Cu to chung ca thang my

Hnh bn l s cu to ca
thang my dn ng bng ti
in vi puly cp bng ma st.
1. T iu khin
2. B phn hn ch tc
3. c cu ng m ca
4. Ca cabin
5. Sn cabin
6. Sn tng
7. Ca tng
8. Cp ca b phn hn ch tc
9.Thit b tng cp hn ch tc
10. H thang
11. Gim chn
12-13. Ray dn hng cho i
trng v cabin
14. i trng

15. Ging thang

16. Ngm dn hng

17. B phn bo him.

18. Cabin

19. H thng treo

20. Cp nng

21. B ti ko

22. Bung my
5

B ti ko (21) c t trong bung my (22) nm pha trn ging thang (15).

Ging thang chy dc theo chiu cao ca cng trnh c xy bng gch v b tng. Ch c
cc ca vo v ra lp t ca tng (7). Trn kt cu chu lc dc ging thang cn gn cc
ray dn hng (12,13) cho i trng (14) v cabin (18). Cabin v i trng c treo trn hai
u ca cp nng (20) nh h thng treo(19). H thng treo c tc dng m bo cho cc
nhnh cp nng ring bit c cng nh nhau. Cp nng c vt qua cc rnh puly ma st
ca b ti ko. Khi b ti ko hot ng, puly ma st quay truyn chuyn ng n cp nng
lm cabin v i trng chuyn ng ln hoc xung dc ging thang. Khi chuyn ng cabin
v i trng ta trn cc ray dn hng trong ging thang nh cc ngm dn hng (16). Ca
cabin (4) v ca tng (7) thng l loi ca la sang 1 hoc 2 bn v ch ng m c khi
cabin hon ton dng li.
Ca tng v ca cabin lin ng vi nhau nh c cu ng m ca (3) t trn nc
cabin. Ca cabin v ca tng c trang b h thng kha lin ng v cc tip im in
m bo an ton cho thang my hot ng. Nu ca tng hoc ca cabin cha ng hn th
thang khng hot ng. H thng kha lin ng m bo ng kn cc ca tng khng m
c t bn ngoi khi cabin ang ng v tr ca tng. i vi loi ca la ng m t
ng th khi ng hoc m cabin, h thng kha lin ng ko theo ca tng cng ng hoc
cng m. Ti im trn cng v di cng ca ging thang c t cc cng tc hn ch hnh
trnh cho cabin.Phn di ca ging thang l Hthang (10). Trong t cc gim chn (11)
v thit b cng cp hn ch tc (9). Khi hng h thng iu khin, cabin hoc i trng c
th i xung phn h thang, vt qua cng tc hn ch hnh trnh v t ln gim chn.
m bo an ton cho kt cu my v to khong trng cn thit di y cabin, m bo an
ton khi bo dng iu chnh sa cha.B hn ch tc (2) c t trong bung my
(22). Cp ca b phn hn ch tc (8) c lin kt vi h thng tay n ca b hm bo
him (17) trn cabin. Khi t cp hoc cp trt trn puly do khng ma st m cabin i
xung vi tc vt.
I.4.2.
H thng in ca thang my
1. Mch ng lc: L h thng iu khin c cu dn ng ca thang my. C nhim
v: Dng m, o chiu ng c dn ng v phanh ca b ti ko. H thng phi m bo
vic iu chnh tc chuyn ng ca cabin trong qu trnh m my v hm c m, dng
chnh xc.
2.Mch iu khin: L h thng iu khin c tc dng thc hin mt chng trnh iu
khin phc tp ph hp vi chc nng, yu cu ca thang my. N c nhim v lu gi cc
lnh di chuyn t cabin, cc lnh gi tng ca hnh khch v thc hin xong lnh iu khin
th xa. Xc nh v ghi nh thng xuyn v tr v hng chuyn ng ca cabin.
3. Mch tn hiu: L h thng cc n tn hiu vi cc k hiu c thng nht bo
hiu trng thi hot ng, v tr v hng chuyn ng ca cabin.
4. Mch an ton: L h thng cc cng tc hn ch hnh trnh, rle, tip
imnhm m bo an ton cho ngi v hng ha khi thang my hot ng.
5. Mch Chiu sng: L h thng chiu sng cho cabin.

I.4.3.
Thit b c kh ca thang my
1. Cabin: L b phn mang ti ca thang my. c kt cu t nhiu b phn nh:
- Kt cu chu lc: Khung cabin
- Cc vch che, sn, trn to thnh bung cabin.
Trn khung cabin c lp cc ngm dn hng, h thng treo cabin, tay n, b hm
him, ca v c cu ng m
2. Gim chn: L thit b c kh an ton dng hn ch nhng chn ng khi bung
thang hoc i trng h xung vt qa 15% tc gii hn cho php. c lp di y h
thang dng, cabin hoc i trng trong trng hp di chuyn vt qu cng tc hn ch
hnh trnh di. Phi c cng cn thit gia tc dng cabin hoc i trng khng vt
qu gi tr cho php. Gin chn c loi gim chn l xo v gim chn thy lc. Loi gim
chn l xo c dng cho loi thang my c tc chm , t 0.5m/s 1m/s. Cn gim chn
thy lc thng c dng cho loi thang my c tc ln hn 1m/s.
3. Ray dn hng: c lp t dc theo ging thang dn hng cho cabin v i
trng chuyn ng dc theo ging thang. m bo cho cabin v i trng lun nm ng v
tr trong ging thang. Ray dn hng phi vng gi trng lng cabin, ti trng trong
cabin cng cc thnh phn ti trng ng khi b hm bo him lm vic. Ray dn
hng c lp t hai bn cabin v i trng. L b phn quan trng quyt nh chuyn
ng ca thang my, khong cch gia cc thanh dn hng khng i qu trnh chuyn
ng ca bung thang khng b rung v to ting n.
4. Ngm dn hng: C tc dng dn hng cho cabin v i trng chuyn ng dc
theoray dn hng v khng ch dch chuyn ngang ca cabin v i trng trong
ging thang. C hai loi ngm dn hng: Ngm trt v Ngm con ln. Cc ngm dn 12
hng trt c kt cu a dng ty theo hng thang my. Loi ngm trt c m trt c th
t la trn b mt tip xc vi cc ray dn hng. M trt thng c lm bng cht do,
c u im: Khng gy ting n, chu mi mn tng i tt v gim nh yu cu bi trn
cc b mt ma st.
5.H thng treo cabin: Do cabin v i trng c treo bng nhiu si cp ring bit
nn phi c h thng treo cabin m bo cc si cp c cngnh nhau. Ngc
li, nu cc si cp c cng khc nhau th si cng s b qu ti cn si cp chng s trt
trn puly ma st rt nguy him. Do c si chng, si cng nn rnh cp ca puly s mn
khng u do h thng treo cabin c trang b thm tip im in ca mch an ton
ngt in dng trong thang my khi mt trong cc si cp chng qu mc cho php. H thng
treo cabin c lp vi dm trn khung ng trong h thng khung chu lc ca cabin. C hai
loi h thng treo: Kiu tay n v kiu l xo.
6. Bung cabin: L mt kt cu c th tho ri c gm trn, sn, vch. Cc thnh
phn ny lin kt vi nhau v lin kt vi khung chu lc cabin. Cc yu cu chung vi
bung cabin:
- Trn, sn v vch cabin phi kn.
- m bo bn, cng cn thit lp t cc trang thit b v c cu ng m ca.

- m bo thng gi tt, c thit b lin lc vi bn ngoi v ca thot him. Sn cabin c 2

loi: Sn cng v sn ng. Loi sn cng l sn bt cht vikhung nm. Loi sn ng c
cng dng nhn bit ti trng c trong cabin ng m mch iu khin theo chng trnh
t ca ti trng cho ph hp.
7. H thng ca cabin v ca tng: Ca cabin v ca tng l nhng b phn c vai
tr rt quan trng trong vic m bo an ton v c nh hng ln n cht lng, nng sut
ca thang my. Ca cabin v ca tng thng lm t thp tm dp, hoc khung thp bt thp
tm, p g, p phoocmica. Mt s ca thang my ch hng loi nh c th bt bng li thp
phn trn ca ca.
- Cc yu cu an ton i vi h thng ca:
+ cng, bn v c lp t kn kht v c kch thc ph hp vi cc quy nh tiu
chun.
+ C kh nng chng chy.
+ c trang b kha hnh khch khng t m t bn ngoi.
+ C tip im in an ton thang my ch hot ng khi ca c ng
kn.
Cc thang my hin nay thng dng ca la, ng m t ng nh c cu ng
m ring t trn nc cabin, c cu ng m gm: ng c in, hp gim tc, bnh
ai ch ng lp trn trc ng c, bnh ai b ng lp trn trc gim tc.
I.4.4.
H thng cn bng trong thang my
1.i trng, cp nng, cp in, xch cn bng: L nhng b phn cn bng trong thang
my. Mc ch cn bng vi trnglng cabin v ti trng nng. Vic chn s ng hc
v trng lng ca cc b phn trong h thng cn bng c nh hng ln ti mmen ti
trng v cng sut ng c ca c cu dn ng, nh hng n lc cng ln nht ca cp
nng v kh nng ko ca puly ma st. i trng l b phn ng vai tr chnh trong h thng
cn bng ca thang my. i vi thang my c chiu cao nng khng ln ngi ta thng
chn i trngbng trng lng cabin v mt phn ti trng nng b qua trng lng ca
cp in v cp nng.Khi thang my c chiu cao nng ln, trng lng ca cp in v cp
nng l ng k ngi ta phi dng cp hoc xch cn bng b tr li phn trng lng ca
cp in v cp nng.
2.B ti ko: Tu theo s dn ng m b ti ko ca thang my c t trong phng
my dn ng nm pha trn, pha di hoc nm cnh ging thang. B ti ko dn ng
gm 2 loi: C hp gim tc v khng c hp gim tc.
- B ti ko c hp gim tc gm: ng c in, hp gim tc, khp ni, phanh, puly ma
st hoc thang cun cp. B ti ko c hp gim tc thng dng cho thang my c tc
thp.
- i vi thang my tc ln thng dng b ti ko khng c hp gim tc, puly ma
st, phanh c gn trc tip vi trc ng c khng qua b truyn. Loi ny thng c
dng ng c in mt chiu mc theo h my pht-ng c. Cho php iu chnh v cp tc
8

 m bo cabin chuyn ng m v dng chnh xc. B ti ko puly ma st c s dng

ri trong cc loi thang my. N c u im: Do cp treo v i trng ch vt qua cc
rnh cp ca puly ma st, c kch thc nh gn. Khng ph thuc vochiu cao nng
ca thang my. Lm vic an ton do c th treo cabin v i trng bng nhiu si cp ring
bit.
I.4.5.
Thit b an ton c kh
Thit b an ton c kh trong thang my c vai tr m bo an ton cho thang v hnh
khch trong trng hp xy ra s c nh: t cp, trt cp trn rnh puly ma st, cabin h
vi tc vt qu gi tr cho php. Thit b an ton c kh trong thang my gm hai b phn
chnh:
1. Phanh bo him: trnh cabin ri t do trong ging thang khi t cp hoc h vi tc
qu gi tr cho php. B hn ch tc s tc ng ln phanh bo him dng v gi
cabin ta ln ray dn hng. Tt c cc bung thang u c trang b phanh bo him.
Phanh bo him c ch to theo 3 kiu:
+ Phanh bo him nm
+ Phanh bo him kiu lch tm
+ Phanh bo him kiu km
Trong cc loi phanh trn. Phanh bo him kiu km c s dng rng ri hn. N m bo
an ton v lm cho cho bung thang dng m hn.
2. B hn ch tc : Dng tc ng ln phanh an ton dng cabin khi tc
vt qu gi tr cho php. B hn ch tc lin h vi cabin v quay khi cabin chuyn ng
nh cp ca b hn ch tc .
I.4.6.
Nguyn tc hot ng ca thang my
- Cn c vo iu kin lm vic ca thang my v ph thuc vo s an ton ca h thng nn
c cu iu khin thang my cn tun th theo mt s yu cu sau:
+ Khi bung thang ang di chuyn ln xung th cc ca tng, ca bung thang, ca tng hm
phi ng kn m bo cho ngi vn hnh v hng ho vn chuyn.
+ Trong cc thang my hin i khi thang my ang hot ng vn c th n nt gi tng v
trong mch iu khin c b nh v c ch u tin i vi cc lnh gn ng chuyn ri
ca bung thang.
- Nguyn l chung khi iu khin thang c 3 cch:
+ Gi bung thang ti ca tng.
+ iu khin i tng trong bung thang.
+ iu khin bung thang khi sa cha trn bung my.
- Khi c s c, hoc cc iu kin lin ng cha tc ng th thang s khng hot ng
cho d iu khin bng cch no.
- Trong bung thang, ngoi cc nt n gi tng, ng m ca, cn c n chiu sng, in
thoi, chung cp cu v dng t ngt khi c s c.
9

Trong phm vi mn hc ta khng tm hiu k v cc c tnh truyn ng, c tnh ca

ng c, hay nhng thit k c hc ln m thut ca thang my, m ta ch trng vo thit
k thut ton cng nh p dng vi lp trnh trn PLC S7-300. Trong phm vi mn hc em
xin c coi thang my lm vic vi tc ng tc thi (ngay lp tc). Do b qua mi tnh
ton v gia tc cng nh nhng tnh ton v s chng git

II. PLC S7-300

PLC vit tt ca Programmable Logic Controller, l thit b iu khin lp trnh c (kh
trnh) cho php thc hin linh hot cc thut ton iu khin logic thng qua mt ngn ng
lp trnh. Ngi s dng c th lp trnh thc hin mt lot trnh t cc s kin. Cc s
kin ny c kch hot bi tc nhn kch thch (ng vo) tc ng vo PLC hoc qua cc
hot ng c tr nh thi gian nh th hay cc s kin c m. PLC dng thay th cc
mch relay (r le) trong thc t. PLC hot ng theo phng thc qut cc trng thi trn u
ra v u vo. Khi c s thay i u vo th u ra s thay i theo. Hin nay c nhiu
hng sn xut ra PLC nh Siemens,Allen-Bradley, Mitsubishi Electric, General Electric,
Omron, Honeywell... Trong phm vi mn hc, chng ta s dng trn PLC ca hng Siemens.
C th l PLC-S7-300.
Trong PLC, phn cng CPU v chng trnh l n v c bn cho qu trnh iu khin
hoc x l h thng. Chc nng m b iu khin cn thc hin s c xc nh bi mt
chng trnh. Chng trnh ny c np sn vo b nh ca PLC, PLC s thc hin vic
iu khin da vo chng trnh ny. Nh vy nu mun thay i hay m rng chc nng ca
qui trnh cng ngh , ta ch cn thay i chng trnh bn trong b nh ca PLC. Vic thay
i hay m rng chc nng s c thc hin mt cch d dng m khng cn mt s can
thip vt l no so vi s dng cc b dy ni hay Relay.
CPU iu khin cc hot ng bn trong PLC. B x l s c v kim tra chng trnh
c cha trong b nh, sau s thc hin th t tng lnh trong chng trnh , s
ng hay ngt cc u ra. Cc trng thi ng ra y c pht ti cc thit b lin kt thc
thi. V ton b cc hot ng thc thi u ph thuc vo chng trnh iu khin c gi
trong b nh.
PLC S7-300 l thit b iu khin logic kh trnh c trung bnh.
- Thit k da trn tnh cht ca PLC S7-200 v b sung cc tnh nng mi
- Kt cu theo kiu cc module sp xp trn cc thanh rack.
ng dng trong sn xut v dn dng nh:
- iu khin robot cng nghip
- H thng x l nc sch
- iu khin trong cc cu trc
- iu khin dy chuyn bng ti.
- My ch to cng c
- My dt may v.v...
10

- CPU S7 300 Cha b vi x l, h iu hnh, b nh, cc b nh thi gian, b m, cng

truyn thng (RS485) v c th c vi cng vo/ra s onboard.
- PLC S7-300 c nhiu loi CPU khc nhau, c t tn theo b vi x l c trong CPU
nh CPU312, CPU314, CPU315, CPU316, CPU318
- Vi cc CPU c hai cng truyn thng, cng th hai c chc nng chnh l phc v vic ni
mng phn tn c km theo nhng phn mm tin dng c ci t sn trong h iu hnh.
Cc loi CPU ny c phn bit vi cc CPU khc bng tn gi thm cm t DP. V d
Module CPU 314C-2DP
- Cc CPU khc nhau th cc thnh phn trn khng ging nhau.
- PLC S7-300 c th kt ni vi nhiu chun mng khc nhau nh PROFIBUS, CAN,
DeviceNet, ASi.
- PLC S7-300 c lp trnh qua cc ngn ng nh: Step 7 (LAD/FBD/STL), SCL,
GRAPH, HiGrap
+ Dng LAD: Phng php hnh thang, thch hp vi nhng ngi quen thit k mch in t
logic.
+ Dng STL: Phng php lit k. L dng ngn ng lp trnh thng thng ca my tnh.
Mi mt chng trnh c ghp bi nhiu cu lnh, mi cu lnh c cu trc chung gm
tn lnh v ton hng.
+ Dng FBD: Phng php hnh khi. L kiu ngn ng ha dnh cho ngi c thi quen
thit k mch iu khin s.
+ Dng SCL: C cu trc gn ging vi ngn ng dng STL nhng c pht trin nhiu
hn. N gn ging vi cc ngn ng bc cao nh Pascal ngi lp trnh d thao tc.
Trong phm vi mn hc, ta s dng phn mm m phng PLC: STEP7 v WinCC. C th,
em s dng phn mm STEP7-V5.5&PLCSIM5.4S v WinCC7.0 SP3. STEP7 & PLCSIM
v WINCC l sn phm phn mm ca SIEMEN gip ngi thit k c th m phng v quan
st ngay trn mn hnh my tnh.

11

III.

Thut ton iu khin

III.1.nh ngha cc bin vo, ra

START

I0.0

BOOL

DUNG THANG MAY LAM VIEC

STOP

I0.1

BOOL

RESET BUONG THANG VE TANG 1

RESET

I0.2

BOOL

CHO THANG MAY BAT DAU LAM VIEC

bT1

I1.0

BOOL

BAM DEN TANG 1

bT2

I1.1

BOOL

BAM DEN TANG 2

bT3

I1.2

BOOL

BAM DEN TANG 3

bT4

I1.3

BOOL

BAM DEN TANG 4

bMo

I1.4

BOOL

BAM MO CUA BUONG THANG

bDong

I1.5

BOOL

BAM DONG CUA BUONG THANG

bL1

I2.0

BOOL

TANG 1 BAM LEN

bL2

I2.1

BOOL

TANG 2 BAM LEN

bL3

I2.2

BOOL

TANG 3 BAM LEN

bX2

I2.3

BOOL

TANG 2 BAM XUONG

12

bX3

I2.4

BOOL

TANG 3 BAM XUONG

bX4

I2.5

BOOL

TANG 4 BAM XUONG

cbT1

I3.0

BOOL

CAM BIEN TANG 1

cbT2

I3.1

BOOL

CAM BIEN TANG 2

cbT3

I3.2

BOOL

CAM BIEN TANG 3

cbT4

I3.3

BOOL

CAM BIEN TANG 4

cbDong

I3.4

BOOL

CAM BIEN DONG CUA

cbMo

I3.5

BOOL

CAM BIEN MO CUA

cbNguoi

I3.6

BOOL

CAM BIEN BAO NGUOI

nho_START

M10.0

BOOL

NHO BAM START

nho_STOP

M10.1

BOOL

NHO BAM STOP

nho_RESE
T

M10.2

BOOL

NHO BAM RESET

nho_bT1

M11.0

BOOL

BIEN NHO BAM DEN TANG 1

nho_bT2

M11.1

BOOL

BIEN NHO BAM DEN TANG 2

nho_bT3

M11.2

BOOL

BIEN NHO BAM DEN TANG 3

nho_bT4

M11.3

BOOL

BIEN NHO BAM DEN TANG 4

nho_bMo

M11.4

BOOL

BIEN NHO BAM MO CUA BUONG THANG

nho_bDong

M11.5

BOOL

BIEN NHO BAM DONG CUA BUONG THANG

nho_dung

M11.6

BOOL

YEU CAU DUNG BUONG THANG

nho_bL1

M12.0

BOOL

NHO TANG 1 BAM LEN

nho_bL2

M12.1

BOOL

NHO TANG 2 BAM LEN

nho_bL3

M12.2

BOOL

NHO TANG 3 BAM LEN

nho_bX2

M12.3

BOOL

NHO TANG 2 BAM XUONG

nho_bX3

M12.4

BOOL

NHO TANG 3 BAM XUONG

nho_bX4

M12.5

BOOL

NHO TANG 4 BAM XUONG

nho_yc_dcL

M12.6

BOOL

LUU DANG CO YEU CAU DI LEN

nho_yc_dc
X

M12.7

BOOL

LUU DANG CO YEU CAU DONG CO DI XUONG

nho_cbT1

M13.0

BOOL

NHO CAM BIEN TANG 1

nho_cbT2

M13.1

BOOL

NHO CAM BIEN TANG 2

nho_cbT3

M13.2

BOOL

NHO CAM BIEN TANG 3

13

nho_cbT4

M13.3

BOOL

NHO CAM BIEN TANG 4

nho_dcL

M13.4

BOOL

NHO DONG CO DI LEN

nho_dcX

M13.5

BOOL

NHO DONG CO DI XUONG

nho_damo

M 13.6

BOOL

NHO DA MO CUA XONG

dcL

Q0.0

BOOL

DONG CO KEO BUONG THANG LEN

dcX

Q0.1

BOOL

DONG CO KEO BUONG THANG XUONG

dcM

Q0.2

BOOL

DONG CO KEO MO BUONG THANG

dcD

Q0.3

BOOL

DONG CO DONG BUONG THANG

ledL

Q0.4

BOOL

LED HIEN THI DANG DI LEN

ledX

Q0.5

BOOL

LED HIEN THI DANG DI XUONG

BCD

QB1

BYTE

THANH GHI LUU SO TANG

14

III.2.Thut ton ng m ca

15