Theoretical H for the neutralization reactions 2 and 4:

H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(aq)

Hrxn =

nprod(Hf,prod)

nreac(Hf,reac)= -285.83 kJ/mol (0.00 kJ/mol

-229.99 kJ/mol)
Hrxn = -55.84 kJ/mol

Theoretical H for the neutralization reactions 1 and 3:

H+(aq) + NH3(aq) NH4+(aq)
Hrxn =

nprod(Hf,prod)

nreac(Hf,reac)= -132.51 kJ/mol (0.00 kJ/mol

-80.29 kJ/mol)
Hrxn = -52.22 kJ/mol

Theoretical H for the displacement reaction:

Cu2+(aq) + Zn(s)

Cu(s) + Zn2+(aq)

Hrxn = (0.00 kJ/mol 153.89 kJ/mol) (64.77 kJ/mol + 0.00 kJ/mol) = -218.66
kJ/mol

Theoretical H for the precipitation reaction:

Ca2+(aq) + CO32-(aq) CaCO3(s)
Hrxn = (-1206.9 kJ/mol) (-542.83 kJ/mol 677.14 kJ/mol) = 13.1 kJ/mol

Theoretical mass of the precipitate formed in Reaction 5

0.5 g Zn

CuSO4(aq) + Zn(s) ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

1 mol Zn
1 mol Cu
63.55 g Cu
( 65.39 g ) ( 1 mol Zn ) ( 1 mol Cu ) = 0.5 g Cu

Theoretical mass of the precipitate formed in Reaction 6

5 10-3 L CaCl2

CaCl2 (aq) + Na2CO3(aq) CaCO3(s)

1 mol CaCO3
1 mol CaCl2

(
)
( 1 mol CaCl2 )
1L
g CaCO3

Experimental H and % error for Reaction 1

100.09 g
( 1 mol CaCO3 )= 0.5

C calT
n LR

Hrxn =
J
3 )

0.005 mol

( 62.8

Hrxn =

37680 J
mol

|theoreticalexperimental
| 100
theoretical

% error =

kJ
37.68 kJ
(
)
mol
mol
= 27.84 %
kJ
52.22
mol

52.22

% error =

1 kJ
kJ
=37.68
1000 J
mol

Experimental H and % error for Reaction 2

J
0 )

0.005mol

( 62.8

Hrxn =

0J
= mol

kJ 0 kJ

mol mol

kJ |
| 55.84
mol

55.84
% error =

= 100%

Experimental H and % error for Reaction 3

Hrxn =

J
3.5 )

0.005 mol

( 81.4

56980 J
1 kJ
kJ

=56.98
mol
1000 J
mol

kJ 56.98 kJ

mol
mol

kJ |
| 52.22
mol

52.22
% error =

Experimental H and % error for Reaction 4

= 9.12%

J
3 )

0.005 mol

( 81.4

Hrxn =

48840 J
1 kJ
kJ

=48.84
mol
1000 J
mol

kJ 48.84 kJ

mol
mol

kJ |
| 55.84
mol

55.84
% error =

= 12.54%

Experimental H and % error for Reaction 5

Moles of limiting reactant:

0.5 g Zn

1mol Zn
=
65.39 g

Trial 1: Hrxn =
J
0.3846 J
139.6
6 + 0.5 g
6

( C calT +mcu c cu T )
110362 J
1 kJ
kJ
=
=

=110.36
n LR
0.0076 mol
mol
1000 J
mol

[(

)]

)(

kJ 110.36 kJ

mol
mol

kJ |
| 218.66
mol

218.66
% error =

Trial 2: Hrxn

[(

62.8

= 49.53 %

)]

J
0.3846 J
6 + 0.5 g
6

49731 J
1 kJ
kJ
=

=49.73
0.0076 mol
mol
1000 J
mol

)(

kJ 49.73 kJ

mol
mol

kJ |
| 218.66
mol

218.66
% error =

= 77.26 %

Experimental H and % error for Reaction 6

Trial 1: Hrxn =

( C calT +m ppt c ppt T )

=
nLR

[(

139.6

13.1
% error =

)]

J
0.8181 J
0 + 0.5 g
0

kJ
=0
0.005 mol
mol

)(

0 kJ
mol

kJ |
| 13.1
mol

= 100 %

Trial 2: Hrxn
J
0.8181 J
62.8
0.5 + 0.5 g
0.5

6321 J
1 kJ
kJ

=6.321
0.005 mol
mol
1000 J
mol

[(

)]

)(

kJ 6.321 kJ

mol
mol

kJ |
| 13.1
mol

13.1
% error =

= 51.75 %

Determination of the specific heat of a metal

c metal =

m water c water (T f T i , water)

mmetal (T f T i , metal )
J
(31 28 )
g. K
0.39 J
=
g.K
50.02 g(3194 )

100 g 4.184
Trial 1:

c metal =

J
(33 28 )
g. K
0.72 J
=
g.K
50.02 g (33 91)

100 g 4.184
Trial 2:

c metal =