Concrete Technology

Utility

Basics

Soil and Asphalt

Compaction

Demolition

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
Internal and external vibrators, inverters, trowels, wet screeds, rebar cutters

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
What is concrete?

Concrete

a man-made (artificial) stone

Components

a mixture of cement, aggregates and water and often admixtures (retardants, accelerators, plasticizers, etc.)

Hydration

Concrete solidifies and hardens after mixing with water due

to a chemical process known as hydration. The water
reacts with the cement, which bonds the other components
together, eventually creating a stone-like material.

Reinforcement Reinforced concrete is concrete in which steel reinforcement bars (rebars") or fibers have been embedded to
strengthen a material that would otherwise not stand the
tensile strengths.
Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
Why does concrete need to be vibrated?

Freshly placed, uncompacted concrete is

usually full of entrapped air bubbles.
Concrete will only achieve a high compressive strength and density with minimum air
content through the use of mechanical
means, i. e. the introduction of highfrequency (fast, repetitive) vibrations.
Only in this way can concrete meet todays
requirements in terms of strength and
density.

Reference (apr02)

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Why does concrete need to be vibrated?

Reference (apr02)

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What actually happens during concrete vibration?

The high-frequency vibrations generated

by the vibrator are transmitted to the
components of the fresh concrete.
Frictional forces between individual
particles are substantially reduced.
A flow process is created.
Air bubbles, excess water and paste
entrapped through capillary action and
surface tensions are released and
escape to the surface.

Reference (apr02)

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Advantages of concrete vibration

Greater density and homogeneity

Greater compressive strength
Greater durability (e. g. de-icing salt)
Better bond with rebar, particularly in
densely reinforced sections
Better bond between the individually
wet on wet placed layers
Improved quality exposed (fair-faced)
surfaces
Makes possible use of drier mixtures,
thus requiring less cement
Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibration: tips and tricks

10 x

Know your effective compaction diameter:

For practical purposes and as rule of thumb consider the operating
diameter to be approx. 10 times the vibrator head housing diameter.

Reference (apr02)

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Maintain correct spacing when compacting large surfaces

correct

wrong

formwork
Reference (apr02)

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Correct spacing when vibrating fresh concrete in walls

Internal vibrators with 30 (1.2), 38 (1 ) and 45 mm (1.8) should not

be used due to poor or non-existing overlapping of the effective compaction . This will lead to a faulty or uneconomical vibration process.

30

Reference (apr02)

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45

15

40 cm

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Correct spacing when vibrating fresh concrete in walls

For greater effective compaction and for more convenient, economical

compaction (less insertions, less time) preferably use only
vibrators with diameters 57 or 65 mm, provided the rebar allows it.
The concrete will be compacted faultlessly thanks to the overlapping

57

Reference (apr02)

65

16

40 cm

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Layer depths when vibrating fresh concrete

Practical experience has shown that

evenly and horizontally spread
layers of

approx. 50 cm
(20) thickness
provide the best results in
concrete compaction.

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete Technology

Utility

Internal
vibrators

Soil and Asphalt

Compaction

Demolition

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
Concrete vibrating equipment: Internal vibrators

High frequency
IRFU

IREN

IRSEN

IRSEN-FU

30, 38, 45, 57k, 57 + 65 mm

30, 38, 45, 57k, 57 + 65 mm

30, 38, 45, 57k + 57 mm

38, 45 + 57 mm

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: Internal vibrators

High frequency internal vibrators advantages

IRFU

30, 38, 45, 57k, 57 + 65 mm

Reference (apr02)

IREN

30, 38, 45, 57k, 57 + 65 mm

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High, constant compaction performance

Practical handling

Long-lasting design

Nearly maintenance-free

Protective hose with extra lengths

Low weight

Wide product range

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Concrete technology
Concrete vibrating equipment: Internal vibrators

Compressed air

Modular system

PIR

HMS

35, 55 + 75 mm

Reference (apr02)

For occasional concrete applications

Excellent compaction performance

Needs a compressor to operate

Problematic operation during winter season

Flexible through modular design

Attractive pricing

High flexible shaft wear

Uncomfortable handling due to rigidity of flex

shaft

High manpower costs

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25, 35, 45, 50, 55 + 65 mm

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Concrete Technology

Utility

External
vibrators

Soil and Asphalt

Compaction

Demolition

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

External vibrators
usually are firmly attached to the formwork in
precast concrete factories or on job sites

The compacting energy

generated by eccentric weights is transmitted from the vibrator through the formwork
into the concrete.

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

Application areas
typically in precast concrete factories
repetitive elements, such as prefab
columns, walls, beams, etc.

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

Application areas
and on job sites for
elements with complicated designs such as
e.g. slanted surfaces
very narrow elements
elements with very
narrowly placed rebar
elements with large
openings

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

Application areas
modern applications with fair-faced quality
surface finish
where a high quality of the surface is
demanded
where no pockets with fines or air
allowed
where consistent, fine-grained
surfaces required
where individual layers should not be
discernible

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

ARFU 36
flexible for individual applications

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

Hungary
Krshegy bridge, the longest interurban bridge in Central Europe

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: External vibrators

AR 36
flexible for individual applications, here
Rental

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete Technology

Utility

Converters
and
inverters

Soil and Asphalt

Compaction

Demolition

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: Converters and inverters

1938
Wacker is the first company in the world
to patent and introduce
65 V safety voltage
for internal and later external vibrators

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: Converters and inverters

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete vibrating equipment: Converters and inverters

Mechanical converters
FU series, e.g. FU 4/200 -> 3,8 kVA
from 20,6 to 69 A, 42 V, 200 Hz output

Inverters (electronic converters) *

FUE series, e.g. FUE 5/042/200 -> 3,8 kVA
from 6 to 145 A, 42 or 250 V, 200 Hz output

*
Reference (apr02)

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available for all standard international input voltages and frequencies

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Concrete Technology

Utility

Trowels

Soil and Asphalt

Compaction

Demolition

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
Strike-off, floating and surface troweling equipment: Trowels

Surface quality, hard and flat

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
Strike-off, floating and surface troweling equipment: Trowels
First phase 1: Wet surface

Direction of
rotation

Blade
arm

Blades or floating
pan (blade end)

Last phase: Plastic to hard

Blade angle= 0

Blade
arm
Direction
of rotation

Combination or
finishing blades
(blade end)

Blade angle= 20 - 30
Reference (apr02)

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Strike-off, floating and surface troweling equipment: Trowels

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
Strike-off, floating and surface troweling equipment: Trowels

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
Strike-off, floating and surface troweling equipment: Trowels

Reference (apr02)

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Strike-off, floating and surface troweling equipment: Trowels

Hand-held trowels

Ride-on trowels

Edging trowels

CT

CRT

CT

Troweling - 36 and 48
(915 mm + 1220 mm)
Drives:
- Honda 4-cylce engine
- Wacker 4-cycle engine
- Electric drive
Handles
- 6 versions

Reference (apr02)

Troweling - 2 x 36, 2 x 48
(2 x 915 mm, 2 x 1220 mm)
Drives
- Honda 4-cycle engine
- Wacker 4-cycle engine
- B & S Vanguard 4-cycle engine
- Lombardini diesel
Wheel set
- integrated in CRT 36
45

Troweling - 24
(610 mm)
Drives:
- Honda 4-cylce engine
- Electric drive
Handles
- 1 version

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Concrete Technology

Utility

Wet
screeds

Soil and Asphalt

Compaction

Demolition

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
Spreading, screeding and surface compacting equipment: Wet screed

Reference (apr02)

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Spreading, screeding and surface compacting equipment: Wet screed

Reference (apr02)

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Spreading, screeding and surface compacting equipment: Wet screed

Wet screed
P 35

Blade lengths

- 1,2 1,5 1,8 2,0 2,4

3,0 3,7 4,3 4,9
Drives
- Honda 4-cycle gasoline engine
Centrifugal force - 7 settings

Reference (apr02)

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Utility

Rebar
cutters

Soil and Asphalt

Compaction

Demolition

Reference (apr02)

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On site rebar cutting and bending: Rebar cutters

Reference (apr02)

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On site rebar cutting and bending: Rebar cutters

Reference (apr02)

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On site rebar cutting and bending: Rebar cutters

Rebar cutters

RCE 16/230 20/230 25/230 *

Attractive, competitive price

Fixed handle
Only shearing head
Pressure relief valve can only be opened with
separate tool (Allen key)
Low operating weight
High cutting performance

Cutting : 16 25 mm

RCP 12/230 - 16/230 20/230 25/230 32/230 *

Patented features: Interchangeable head mechanism

Various handles
Complete product range for almost all the usual rebar
diameters
Relief valve can be opened without tools (lever)
High cutting performance
Cutting : 12 32 mm
Reference (apr02)

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Concrete Technology

Utility

Rebar tying
machine

Soil and Asphalt

Compaction

Demolition

Reference (apr02)

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Concrete technology
On site rebar tie-down: Rebar tying machine

Rebar tying machine DF-16

for the quick and ergonomic tying of
reinforcing steel bars (rebar) on the job site.
The purpose of the tie-down is to develop a
stiff skeleton, a so-called reinforcing cage.
Tie-down performance up to:

1000 knots/h

Min. outside diameter:

5 + 6 mm

Max. outside diameter:

16 + 16 mm

Min. clearance reinforcement : 15 20 mm

Tie wires per wire strip:

Reference (apr02)

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On site rebar tie-down: Rebar tying machine

Rebar tying machine DF-16

for the quick and ergonomic tying of
reinforcing steel bars (rebar) on the job site.
The purpose of the tie-down is to develop a
stiff skeleton, a so-called reinforcing cage.
Dimensions:

720 x 60 x 85 mm

Weight:

2,2 kg

Reference (apr02)

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On site rebar tie-down: Rebar tying machine

Reference (apr02)

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On site rebar tie-down: Rebar tying machine

Reference (apr02)

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On site rebar tie-down: Rebar tying machine

Tie-down procedure Work sequence

Load tie wire

Position

Push

Pull

Finished knot

Bending

Clearance under rebar: min 15 20 mm

Reference (apr02)

Always position unit vertically

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