(Mahsatipahna sutta)

*
. . (Cittnupassan)
. (ajjhatta) (bahiddh) .

[: (, citta), (, , Cittnupassan),

(, ceto-pariya-a), (ajjhatta), (bahiddh)]

,
.
.
.
23% .

.
.
.

.
16
, .
8 , 16
.
.

204 53

16 .
16 .
, . ,

,
.
,
.

.
.

.
.

.

.
(Mahsatipahna sutta)
(Pli-Nikya) .1) (, kya), (, vedan),
(, citta), (, dhamma) (cattro satipahan)

. , (Theravda)

1) D. II. 290.- Mahsatipahna sutta

. Pli .
.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 205

(vipassan-bhvan) .
,
(, cittnupassan) .
.

. (Kemavamsa) Contemplation
of the Mind: Practising Cittanupassana2) (U Than Daing)
Cittnupassan and Vedannupassan .3)
(Shwe Oo Min)
, (Mogok Sayadaw)
.

23% .

.

.

.
.
16 (citta)
2) Kemavamsa(2004)
3) U Than Daing(1995)

206 53

(dhamma) .

.
.
16
16 .
(Sumagalavilsin)
16 .
, ,
(Abhidhammattha-sagaha)
121 .
(ajjhatta) (bahiddh)
.

.
.

. (Citt nupassan )
() (Pli) (citta)
. citta cit
, ,
cit(citra)
.4)

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 207

(, ) (mano, , ), (via,
, ) . citta
, mano
, via
.5)

. citta
. citta
. , ,
. citta
.
. citta .
.
,
.

.6) (ven. Nyanaponika Thera)
.

.
.

4) ) DhsA.(Atthaslin) 6; Expositor I. 84f.

5) ) G. A. Somaratne(2005), p.169202 ) S. III. 103; S. II. 94
6) A. V. 92; D. I. 80; M. I. 100

208 53

. ,

.
()
.7)

.
. ,
.
.
(Ven. U. Slnanda)
, .
.
, , .
, , , .
.
. .
( ) ()
.
. .
, .8)

.
16 . 16

7) (1999), p.83; Nanaponika Thera(1996), p.72.
8) (2003), p.134 ;Venerable U Silananda(1990), p.94.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 209

. 16 ,
.

16 .

1. (Pli-Nikya)
16

(cittanupassan) (citta) (anupassan)
.
, anu
passati (anupassati)
, , 9) .
(cittanupassan) () (sati, )
.
(vedannupassan)
16
. .
, ?
, (sarga)
[] . (vtarga)
[] . (sadosa)
9) T. W. Rhys Davids and William, Stede. Pali-English Dictionary(PED) p.33, p.38;
(anupassati) to look at, contemplate. () , , .

210 53

[] . (vtadosa)
[] .
(samoha) [] .
(vtamoha) [
] . [](sakhitta)
[] . (vikkhitta)
[] . (mahaggata) [
] . (amahaggata)
[] . (sauttara)
[] . (anuttara)
[] . (samhita)
[] . (asamhita)
[] . (vimutta)
[] . (avimutta)
[] .10) [ ]

16
.
.
(sarga) (citta).11)
(sa) (rga)
.
raj (lobha)
(greed, ) .12)
() .13)
10) D. II. 299; M. I. 59: Katha ca bhikkhave bhikkhu citte cittnupass viharati? Idha
bhikkhave bhikkhu sarga v citta sarga cittan ti pajnti, vtaraga v
citta vtarga cittan ti pajnativimutta v citta vimutta cittan ti
pajnti, avimutta v citta avimutta cittan ti pajnti. ) D. I. 80, S. II.
122.
11) PED. p.567.
12) G. P. Malalasekera(1996) vol. VI. p.316.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 211

.
, , ,
.14)
(vtarga) . (vta) ,
.15)
, , ,
(vtadosa) (vtamoha)
.
. ,

16), (kusala citta, wholesome mind, )
. ()
.17)
(Sutta Nipta) (Uraga sutta)
.
(pacime kmagu) .18)
13) S. . 92, 127; SA. . 263.
14) (pli) .
kma, chanda, rga, tah, s, pih, icch, apekkh, esan,
abhilsa, kakh, nikanti, ssana, sineha, pips, gedha, .
15) PED. p.643: [viita] deprived of, free from, without, ) vtarga: passionless
(Sn 11, 507; Pug 32 1071): free from lust-Maurice Walshe(1996), p.340; without
lust-Anlayo(2003), p.173; - (2006), p.50.
16) .
, (rga) (, nibbna)
.(S. IV. 251) ,
.(S. I. 16; S. I. 220; Sn v.706; A. V. 261; A. III. 43; M.
. 5, I. 65, I. 236 ) Dh. 251:
. .
17) Bhikkhu Khantipalo(1981), p.38.
18) Sn. 499.

212 53

,
(vtarga), [ (vtadosa), (vtamoha)]

.19) [ ]

(sadosa) .
(sa) (dosa)
. ,
.20) (Devatsayutta)
()
, .
,
.21)
, , ,
.
.
. .
.
(vtadosa) .
,
.22)
(samoha) .

19)
20)
21)
22)

Sn. 11, 12, 13 ) (2004), p.59.

PED. p.332 sadosa: corrupted, depraved, wicked (D. I. 80; A. I. 112).
S. I. 41.
PED. p.643 vtadosa: without anger (Sn. 12) ; free from hate-Maurice Walshe(1996),
p.340; without anger-Anlayo(2003), p.173; -
(2006). p.50.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 213

(sa) (moha)
.23) (samoha)
(avijja) .
.
.

. .
( ) , ( ) , (
) (Akusala citta, Unwholesome mind)
.
.
.
(vtamoha) .
, ,
.24)
16 6()
.
(sakhitta)
. (contracted)
, (concentrate)
.
.

23) PED. p.543 stupidity, dullness of mind, (D. I. 80)

24) PED. p.643 vtamoha: without bewilderment (Sn. 13) undeluded-Maurice Walshe(1996),
p.340; without delusion-Anlayo(2003), p.173

214 53

, .
16 8
.
.
(ven. Nyanaponika Thera)
.
.
[shrunken]
[distracted] . .25)

16 ,
7 .
(vikkhitta) .

. (sakhitta) ,
, sankhipati ,
.26)
,27) ,28) ,29) ,30) ,31) 32)
25) (1999), p.82. Nanaponika Thera(1996), p.71.
26) PED. p.665: [pp. sankhipati] 1. concise, brief (Vin. I. 10; D. II. 305; S. V. 421), 2.
concentrated, attentive (D. I. 80; D. II. 299; M. I. 59; S. II. 122; S. V. 263)
(Vism. 410) thna middha nugata(
) . 3. contracted, thin, slender ) sankhipati [sa
khipati] 1. to collect, heap, together, 2. to withdraw, put off, 3. to concentrate, 4.
to abridge, shorten; (2005) p.628: , , .
27) (2002), p.125; (2003), p.175; (2005) p.628.
28) (2002), 1 p.250.
29) (2005), 2 p.513; (2003), p.25.
30) (2005), 1 p.253.
31) (2005), p.171.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 215

33) .
contracted,34) attentive35)
36) .
.
.
(sacca sayutta)
. .37)
.

(satipahna sayutta)
.
,
. .
(asakhitta) .
, [, ]
,
(citte cittnupas), . .38)

,
, , . 7

32) (2006), p.50.

33) (2006), 2 p.380.
34) Maurice Walshe(1996). p.340; Anlayo(2003), p.173; Bhikkhu Bodhi(2000), p.614;
Bhikkhu Bodhi(1995) p.150.
35) T.W. and C.A.F. Rhys Davids(1977), Part 2, p.334.
36) (2003)p.277.
37) S. V. 421: sakhittena pacupdnakkhanda pi dukkh (2007) 7, p.676.
) D. II. 305: (2005), 2 p.526.
38) S. V. 157; (2007), 6 p.82 ) unconstricted: Bhikkhu Bodhi(2000),
p.1,639.

216 53

[] (sakhitta citta)
. (Iddhipda sayutta)
. []
. (viriya)
.39)
, ? ,
, (thinamiddhasampayutta)
. . ,
? , (pacakmague)
. .40)

.
(vikkhitta)
. .41)
,42) ,43) 44)
. (Aguttara Nikya)
39) S. V. 263: na ca ajjhatta sakhitto na ca bahiddh vikkhitto bhavissati )
constricted: Bhikkhu Bodhi(2000), p.1,726; (2007) 7, p.76.
40) S. V. 279, ) A. IV. 32.
41) PED. p.614: [pp. vikhitta] 1. upset, perplexed, mentally upset, confused (S. II.
122; S. V. 157; S. V. 263; A. III. 174; A. V. 147; (Vism. 410)
uddhacca nugata( ) .
(avikkhitta) undisturbed, composed, collected A. V. 149;
It 94. ) vikhitta: distracted-Maurice Walshe(1996), p.340; distracted-Anlayo(2003),
p.173; : (2006). p.50
42) (2002), p.125, (2005), p.513, (2003), p.25, (2005), p.171: .
43) (2003), p.175.
44) (2002), 1 p.250; (2005), 1 p.253.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 217

(vikkhitta) .
, , (vikkhittacitto)
, ,
. ,
.45)

, ,
.
? ,
, (cetaso vikhepa)
. (avikkhittacitto) ,
, ,
.46)

(vikkhitta)
.
(mahaggata).47)
, , (maha)48)
(gacchati) ,
45) A. III. 174: Katha paribhoti, kathika paribhoti, attna paribhoti, vikkhittacitto
dhamma suti, anekaggacitto ayoniso ca manasikaroti ) (2007), 3 p.340.
46) A. V. 145149: Katame tayo? Muhasacca appahya asampajaa appahya
cetaso vikhepa appahya. So avikkhittacitto samno bhabho ayonisomanasikra
) (2008) 10 p.280285.
47) PED. p.526: become great enlarged, extensive, lofty, very great (A. II. 63, 184; A. III. 18)
) mahaggata: developed-Maurice Walshe(1996), p.340; great-Anlayo(2003), p.173
48) PED. p.525.

218 53

(gata) . , , ,
. ,49) ,50)
,51) ,52) 53) .
,
.
.
(mahaggatesu) .54)

[] , , ,
, (mahaggatena)
.
, (brahmappatto) .55)

.
.
,
.56)
(amahaggata)
49)
50)
51)
52)
53)
54)

(2003), p.175.
(2005), p.171.
(2002), p.125.
(2003), p.25; (2005), p.513; (2005), p.253; (2007) 3 p.78.
(2002), p.250.
A. II. 63: susakhata bhojana y dadti suci pata rasas upeta s dakkhi
ujjugatesu dinn caraopapannesu mahaggatesu ; (2007), 4 p.173; (2006),
2 p.180.
55) A. II. 184; (2007), 4 p.397; (2006), 2 p.427.
56) M. III. 146.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 219

, , ,
, .
.57)
(sauttara)58)
(sa) , , , uttara
[ ] .59)
,60) ,61) ,62) []
63) (sa)
, []
.
(anuttara)
.64)
, , ,
.65) (an)
.
, ,

57) ) amahaggata: undeveloped-Maurice Walshe(1996), p.340; narrow-Anlayo(2003), p.173
58) PED. p.655: having something beyond (D. I. 80, II. 299; M. I. 59) ) sauttara:
surpassed-Maurice Walshe(1996), p.340; surpassable-Anlayo(2003), p.173.
59) PED. 131.
60) (2002), p.250.
61) (2002), p.125.
62) (2005), p.171.
63) (2003), p.175; (2003), p.25; (2005), p.513; (2005), p.253; (2007) 3 p.78.
64) PED. p.36: [anuttara] nothing higher without a superior, incomparable, second to
none, unsurpassed, excellent (Dh. 55) ) anuttara: unsurpassed-Maurice Walshe(1996),
p.340; unsurpassable-Anlayo(2003), p.173.
65) 6063 .

220 53

. , ()
.

. (Sekha sutta)
. (Sutta Nipta)
.
(catunna jhnna)
.
, ,
, (anuttarassa yogakkhemassa)
.66)
, ,
.(anuttao dhammavara
adesay) ,
.67)
, ,
, , , .(sambuddho arah
bhavati anuttaro)68)

(Dhammapada)

(nibbna) .69)
,

66)
67)
68)
69)

M. I. 357; (2002), 2, p.403 ) Bhikkhu Bodhi(1995), p.463: supreme security

Sn. 234; (2004), p.179.
Sn. 1003; (2004), p.471.
Dh. 23; (2008), p.82:
, (anuttara) .

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 221

.
,
.

, .
(samhita).
samdahati
, , .70)
,71) () ,72) []73)
.
(muni) .
, , (samhita),
, [] , ,
, .74)
(samhito)
, .
, .75)
, ,
70) PED. p.686: [pp. samdahati] 1. put down, fitted, 2. collected (of mind), settled,
composed, firm, attentive (D. I. 13, S. I. 169, A. II. 6, III. 312, 343, 3. having attained
(S. I. 148) ) samdahati: [sadahati] to put together, ,
. (Vin. IV. 115; M. I. 116; S. V. 312) )
samhita: concentrated-Maurice Walshe(1996), p.340; concentrated-Anlayo(2003), p.173
71) (2002), p.125.
72) (2003), p.175; (2003), p.25; (2005), p.513; (2005), p.253; (2007) 3 p.78.
73) (2002), p.250; (2005), p.171.
74) Sn. 212; (2004), p.163.
75) Sn. 225; (2004), p.174.

222 53

, (samhitatto)
.76)

, , , ,
(Bhikkhu) .77)

.
(asamhita) .78)

.
, , .
(asamhito)
(jhnino) 79)
.
()
.
,
.

.
(vimutta) .80)
76) Sn. 972; (2004), p.461.
77) Dh. 362.
78) PED. p.88: [asamhita] not composed, uncontrolled, not firm (It. 113) su-samhita
. (Dh 110, 111; Pug 35) ) asamhita: unconcentrated-Maurice
Walshe(1996), p.340; unconcentrated-Anlayo(2003), p.173.
79) Dh. 111; (2008), p.420.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 223

(vimutti) muc , ,
, release, deliverance, emancipation .
vimucati
, .
[ ] ,
. ,81) ,82) 83)
.84) , , ,
, .
(npnasayutta) (sati) (samdhi)
,
(vijj) .85) , ()
() .
(Mahsaccaka sutta) , ,
(pubbe-nivsnussati, ) ,
80) PED p.632: [<vimuccati sk. vimukti] [fr. vimuc], freed, released, intellectually emancipated.
(D. I. 80, A. III. 21, S. I. 46, III. 90, Sn. 975) ) Nyanatiloka(1987), p.191; Monier
Williams(1988), p.980; (2005), p.601; (1997), p.814; ) vimutta:
liberated-Maurice Walshe(1996), p.340; liberated-Anlayo(2003), p.173 )
1982. p.127-128: . A.
: (vijj-vimutti), (ceto-vimutti), (pa-vimutti),
(ubhatobhga-vimutti), (smyika-ceto-vimutti), (mett-ceto-vimutti),
(a-vimokkha), (vi-vimokkha). B.
: (saddh-vimutta) C.
, (jhna-vimokkha),
(Vimuttimagga) , (vikkhambhana-vimutti),
(tadaga-vimutti), (samuccheda-vimutti), (paippassaddhi-vimutti),
(nissaraa-vimutti) .
81) (2002), p.125; (2002), p.250.
82) (2003), p.175; (2003), p.25; (2005), p.513.
83) (2005), p.171.
84) (2006)
14 .
85) S. V. 328-333; M. III. 82-88.

224 53

(dibba-cakkhu, ) , (savakkhaya,
) [] ,
. [] (kmsava)
, (bhavsava) ,
(avijjsava) . ,
.86)
[] .
(avimutta) .87)

[] .
[] , ,
. [ ]
, .

.

. 8
[]
[]
. 16

.
.
86) M. I. 249; M. I. 184; M. III. 36.
87) ) avimutta: unliberated-Maurice Walshe(1996), p.340; unliberated-Anlayo(2003), p.173

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 225

16
.

2. (Ahakatha) 16
16
.
.
(Sumagalavilsin) 16
.
8 (ahavidha lobhasahagata)
.
[](lokiya-kusalbykata) .
[ ] [ ] .
(duvidha-domanassa-sahagata)
.
(lokiya-kusalbykata) .
[ ] [ ] .
(vicikicch-sahagata)
(uddhaccasahagata) .
[]
. 12 (dvdaskusalacittni)
.
(lokiya-kusalbykata) . []
(thinamiddhnupatita) .
(sakutacitta) .
(uddhaccasahagata) . (pasaacitta)
. (rprpvacara)

226 53

. (kmvacara) .
(kmvacara) .
(rpvacara) (arpvacara) .
(appansamdhi upacrasamdhi)
. [ ]
(ubhaya-samdhivirahita) .
(tadagavikkhambhana-vimutthhi
vimutta) .
(ubhaya vimutti virahita) . , ,
(samuccheda-paipassaddhi- nissaraa vimuttna)
.88) [ ]

(sarga) (citta),
8 (ahavidha lobhasahagata)
. (rga) 8 (lobha)
.
(Abhidhammattha-sagaha) 89
121 .
[54], [15], [12],
[40].89)
(Kmvacaracittni) 54 , 3
. 12(akusala-cittni),
88) SV. . 776, ) (2003), .
p.194-195: [, sati] [
] 16 ,
. [16 ]
[ ,
] [] .
89) Hammalawa Saddhtissa ed.(1989) p.1; , (2002), p.98; Bhikkhu Bodhi(1993)
A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma: Of them, consciousness, firstly, is
fourfold: sense-sphere consciousness; fine-material-sphere consciousness; immaterial-sphere
consciousness; supramundane consciousness.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 227

(ahetuka-cittni) 18, (sobhana-cittni)

24 54.
3 (Lobhamlacittni)
8, (Dosamlacittni) 2,
(Mohamlacittni) 2 . 3
[] (Akusala-cittni) 90)
[] (kusala-cittni) .91)
(lobha) (dosa)
.92)
(sarga) 8
8 (ahadh lobhamla
cittani) .93) () .
.

90) Lobhamlacittni, Dosamlacittni, Mohamlacittni Akusala.

91) Alobhamlacittni, Adosamlacittni, Amohamlacittni kusala.
92) (moha) (lobha) (dosa) .
Lobhamlacittni Dosamlacittni, Lobhamlacittni Mohamlacittni, Dosamlacittni
Mohamlacittni. ( Mohamlacittni .) ) Bhikkhu
Bodhi(1993), CMA, BPS, p.28.
93) ) 8 . 121
[4 ] 54 12
8. 8
() ,
,
,
,
,
,
,
. Abhidhammattha-sagaha p.1 ahadh
lobhamlni dosamlni ca dvidh mohamlni ca dve ti dvdaskusal siya -:
8 , 2 , 2
. 12 .

228 53

. .
.
.94)

.
. ,
.
.
. .95)
(vtarga)
(lokiya-kusalbykata) .
12
, .

(Dosamlacittni) 2
(Mohamlacittni) 2 .96)

94) ) Hammalawa Saddhtissa ed.(1989) p.6; Bhikkhu Bodhi(1993), p.83,
(2002), . p.215;
52 (Cetasikasangahavibhga) , (akusala)
(unwholesome factors) 14, 18, 21 .
95) (Buddhaghosa)
. .
.
. ) (2004), 2 p.476; Vism. 468
96) ,
. , .
. .

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 229

.
2 .
, (Domanassasahagata
paighasampayutta asankhrikam eka)
, (Domanassasahagata
paighasampayutta sasankhrikam eka).

. , ,
.

.
(vtadosa) .
.
(metta),
, .97)
10 12 2
. , 8
2 .
(samoha) . (moha,
97) Hammalawa Saddhtissa ed.(1989) 1. Sobhanacetasika 25
() 1) sobhanasdhraa 19 () 19
sobhana citta . Saddh, sati, hiri,
ottappa, alobho, adoso, tatramajjhattat, kyapassaddhi, cittapassaddhi, kyalahut,
cittalahut, kyamudut, cittamudut, kyakammaat, cittakammaat, kyapguat,
cittapguat, kyujjukat, cittujjukat c ti eknavsati ime cetasik sobhanasdhra
nma. , , , , , , , , ,
, , , , ,
, , , , - 19
. ) , (2002)

230 53

delusion, ) ([], avijj) .

10
(samyojana, ) .
.
.
() .98)
(vicikicch) (uddhacca)
. (Mohamlacittni) 2
(Upekkhsahagata
vicikicch sampayutta eka)
(Upekkhsahagata uddhacca sampayutta ekan)
.
[] .
12 .
(vtamoha)
. , .
(sakhitta) .
(thna) (middha)
.
. ,
98) Hammalawa Saddhtissa ed.(1989) Akusalacetasika 14
(unwholesome factor 14, () 14 Sabbkusala-sdhraa
() 4 . Moho, ahirika, anottappa, uddhacca,
lobho, dihi, mno, doso, iss, macchariya, kukkucca, thna, middha, vicikicch
c ti cuddasa ime cetasik akusal nma. , ( ),
( ), , , (), (), , (), ,
, (), , . 14 () .

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 231

,
.

. (thna)
.99)
(citta) (citta-gelaa)100)
, (cetasika)
. (Bojjnagasayutta)

101)

, () ,
[thna-middha]
(yathbhta)
(na pajnati),
.102)
(viriya, ) .
.103)
, ,
, , ,
() .104)
(, vitakka) (, vicra)
.105)
(vikkhitta) .
99)
100)
101)
102)
103)
104)
105)

A. IV. 85
[gilna-ya] , .
S. V. 63, 140
S. V. 121; A. III. 230.
S. V. 105.
A. IV. 85.
Vism. 141.

232 53

() (pasaacitta) (uddhacca)
. ud() dhacca(, )
.
.
.106)
. (kukkucca)
.
.

.107)
(, pti) (, sukha)
.108)
(mahaggata).
(rprpvacara) .

.109) (kasia) 110)
.111)
106)
107)
108)
109)

A. I. 256; A. III. 375.

A. III. 449; A. IV. 353; A. IV. 358; D. I. 71; S. V. 105.
Vism. 141.
) Bhikkhu Bodhi(1993), p.102 (mahaggatacittni), Hammalawa Saddhtissa
ed.(1989). p.91 ) Vism. 410, 430:

. (2004) p.388.
(mahaggata)
(, paritta) .
110) Pps. IV. 200; Bhikkhu Bodhi(1993), Chapter 9. p.330.
111) .
.
, ,
. (uggaha-nimitta, learning

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 233

.
.112)
.
.113)
(Rpvacaracitta)
(rp-bhmi)
. 15
.
sign) .
. ,
, .
.
(paibhga-nimitta, counterpart sign,
) .(Bhikkhu Bodhi. CMA. p.56)
.
(nimitta, )
.
. .

. (jhna) .
.
. paikamma-nimitta:
, uggaha-nimitta: (
) . paibhga-nimitta: (
.
paatti.) .
112) (jhna) 3 . a)
(jhna) . 5
4 . 9
. b) (jhnanga, jhna factor)
. 5
.[(samdhi), (pti), (vitakka), ()(sukha),
(vicra)]
. .
c) (jhna citta) .
.
113) (2004) 2, p.388, p.209, ) DhsA. 44.

234 53

5 . (Rpvacara-kusalacittni)
5, (Rpvacara-vipkacittni) 5,
(Rpvacara-kiriyacittni) 5 15
.
.
12 . (Arpvacara-kusalacittni)
4, (Arpvacara-vipkacittni) 4,
(Arpvacara-kiriycittni) 4.
(amahaggata)
(kmvacara) .114)
54
3 . 12, 18
, 24 54.
, , 12
.
(sauttara) (kmvacara)
.
.
. , ,
.115)
114) Kmvacara Kma avacara . kma kam(to desire)
()
. avacara avacar(to move)
, , ,
.
115) ) Dhs. 1292: Katame dhamm sauttar? Ssav kusalkusalykat dhamm
kmvacar rpvacar arpvacar rpakkhandopeviakkhando-ime dhamm

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 235

(anuttara) (rpvacara)
(arpvacara) .
.

.116)
(samhita). -
(appan samdhi, , absorption concentration) -(upacra
samdhi, , access concentration) .
(samdhi, , )
.

-(parikamma samdhi, , preparatory concentration),

- - .117) -
, -
(Samatha, ) (Vipassan, )
. - (khaika samdhi, ) .118)

. -
. -

sauttar Dhs. 1596: Katame dhamm sauttar? Tsu bhummsu kusala akusala
tsu bhummsu vipko tsu bhummsu kiriyvyakata sabba ca rpa-ime
dhamm sauttar
116) ,
. Venerable U Silananda(1990), p.94
117) Vism. 85 ) (2005),
12.
118) L.S. Cousins(1996), p.43, p.48

236 53

.119)
.
(asamhita) .
(ubhaya-samdhivirahita)
.
(vimutta) .
,
(tadagavikkhambhana-vimutthhi vimutta) .
[ ]
, [
]
. .120)

.


.
(avimutta) .

. (samuccheda)
, (patippassaddhi) , (nissarana)
, (magga)

119) Vism. 126; Bhikkhu yamoli. 1976. p.131; Atthaslin p.162-179; The Expositor
p.216-239.
120) Pps. I. 280; Soma Thera(2003) p.115

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 237

, (phala) ,
(nibbna) .121) ,

.
16
.
, . ,

,
.
, [B.C. 1]
[A.D 5] ,
(Buddhaghosa)
[A.D. 12] .

. (ajjhatta) (bahiddh )

16
.
(ajjhatta) .
121) (2003), p.195

238 53

(bahiddh) .
(ajjhattabahiddh)
. (samudaya) .
(vaya) .
.
(sati) (patissati)
. .
. ,
.122)

(ajjhatta)
(bahiddh) ,
. ,

. ,
()
.123) ,

. 8 16
.
.
.
,
(attano) (parassa) ,
.124)

122) D. . 299
123) (2003), 7. 236 91
.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 239

(attano) ,
(parassa, )
.
.

.
.
(ceto-pariya-a) .
6 (abhi, , )
. (Smaaphala
sutta, ) (kakheyya sutta)
16
.125) 16
16 .

. 16
.
.

. (Sampasdanya
sutta) (vitakka) (vicra)

124) Sumagalavilsin. (DA) . 777.
125) D. I. 79; M. I. 34.

240 53

.126) (Te-vijj)
.127)
.
(Kevaddha sutta)
(desan-pihariya)
.128)
.
16 16
,
,

,
. 16
, 16

.
?
(Sayatana-sayutta)
, ,
.129) .
, ,
.
126)
127)
128)
129)

A. I. 171; D. . 104.
1)(dibba-cakkhu) 2)(pubbe-nivsnussati), 3)(savakkhaya).
D. I. 214
S. . 140; S. IV. 43

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 241

,
.
.

, .
,
. ,

. .
, .
,
.
16 .
.
,
.
16

. ,
[ ]
,
.
,
.

242 53

.
16
, .

. 8
4 ,
4 .
16
.

. 16
.
16
.
, . ,

,
.

. ,
,

.
(dhamma) (ajjhatta)

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 243

(bahiddh) ,

.
.

.

.
.

.
.

,
. ,
(Pli-Nikya)
.

244 53

PTS Pli Texts Pli English Dictionary(PED) (Abbreviation)

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Length Discourses of the Buddha. A New Translation of
the Majjhima Nikya. Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society
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248 53

[Abstract]

A study on the Mind Contemplation;

Cittnupassan
Jeong, Jun-Young

This study focuses on the contemplation of mind(cittanupassan) and

its problem of interpretation. The contemplation of mind is the third of
four kinds of Satipahna in the Mah-Satipahna sutta. According to
the method of its practice, practitioner can contemplate on mind as the
object of meditation with the eradication of craving(tah) and that helps the
understanding of true nature of things. The Mah-Satipahna sutta shows
16 kinds of mind for the practice of Cittnupassan and among them 8
couples of them are opposite of each other. Many Buddhist scholars and
meditation masters are apt to follow the traditional way of interpretations as
the textual explanation. Such as, commentaries(ahakatha) and Visuddhimagga,
etc. Sometimes, they accept the explanations of the Buddhaghosa as the
Buddhas taught itself without comparative studying between the original
text(Pli-Nikya) and commentaries. Therefore, in this study, an attempt
is to find out what is the contemplation of mind exactly in Nikyas, and
to examine whether the commentarial interpretation and practices have
deviated from the original practice, if so what these deviations are, and
what could have led to such deviation and so on.

(Mahsatipahna sutta) 249

One of main points of contention is whether contemplating mind

as mind externally indicates mind of other person or not. In this practice,
meditator contemplates his internal minds at first, and he again
contemplates on external minds, and last he contemplates on both,
internal and external minds. kakheyya sutta presents the 16 kinds of
mind which should be understood by the third abhi (ceto-pariya-a)
possessor. And these 16 kinds of mind are same as the 16 kinds of
mind enumerated as objects for the practice of Cittnupassan. Therefore,
we can assume that when a practitioner masters the abhi of
Penetration of the mind of others (ceto-pariya-a), he can contemplate
on others mind properly as one does in Cittnupassan. In other words,
the term bahiddh can be translated as others mind as mentioned
in the Sumagalavilsin. However, this interpretation raises another
issue. Ceto-pariya-a is the third of 6 abhi, This is attainable
only by an advanced practitioner, at least one who has jhnic attainments.
The rendering of the term external(bahiddh) as other persons mind
as explained in the Sumangalavilsin is not quite suitable for the
contemplation of mind. More acceptable interpretation for this term is
that both terms internal and external are connected with ones own
being. Therefore, this study shows that practitioners in order to
engage in Cittanupassan properly should focus on the original
text(Pli-Nikya) before they accept the commentarial interpretations.
Key words: mind(citta), Contemplation of the Mind(Cittnupassan),
Penetration of the mind of others(ceto-pariya-a),
internal(ajjhatta), external(bahiddh)]

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