The Past Perfect

and
The past Perfect Progressive

Past Perfect
Use the past perfect when one
action in the past happened before
another action in the past. Put the
earlier action in the past perfect

Past Perfect
had + ed

It is used to talk about actions that were

completed at an unspecified time before another
past action ( at different times). I had already
done my homework when my mother arrived.

With before, by the time, until and when the verb

is in the simple past.

With after the verb is the past perfect

Past Perfect
It is used only when a clear

Because the past perfect means

EVER, NEVER (experiences before

Was born

gave 1st
speech

got

1st

radio job

got 1st

TV job

hosted talk

show

was in her 1st

got own

major movie

built her

show

starred in film

own studio

Beloved

---/-----------------/-------------/------------/----------------/---------------/------------/------------/-----------/------1954
1957
1971
1973
1983
1985
1986
1988
1998

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

By 1958 Oprah ____________________ her first speech.

By 1971 she _____________________ her first TV job
By 1972 she _____________________ her first radio job.
By 1972 she _____________________ in a major movie.
By 1985 she _____________________ her own TV show.
By 1986 she _____________________ in a major movie
BY 1987 she _____________________ her own studio.
By 2000 she _____________________ in the film Beloved

1.

Use because to connect sentences.

1. His car broke down.

Past perfect progressive

had
+ been
ingactions that were in
It is used
to talk+about
progress up to another past action or time. I had
been doing my homework when she arrived.

It expresses a sense that the action was ongoing

and is often used with for, since, all day, all night

Past Perfect Progressive

It tells us about the length of the

When the race started, it was raining and

the streets were wet.
(It was still raining during the race)

Explain the difference in meaning

A. When the phone rang, I was eating.

THE END!