Inviting Comments on Technical Standards and Protocols for the Frozen food

Processing Industry in India

A Technical Standard Committee (TSC) has been constituted by Ministry of Food
Processing Industries, Govt. of India, to develop technical standards and protocols for cold
chain for subzero temperature as the same may be required for storing and IQF of
perishables like fruits and vegetables, dairy products, meat products, sea food etc. and
other food products.
Public notice has been given to invite comments on Technical Standards and Protocols
for the Frozen food Processing Industry in India which must reach MD, NHB within
20 days of Publication of this notice. Comments should be sent by registered post/ speed
post super scribing on the envelop comments. Advance copy of comments may
preferably be sent by email to directornhb@yahoo.com and jsjpmfpi@nic.in

CONTENTS
PartI TechnicalStandardNoNHB QUICKFREEZINGSYSTEMS
SECTION1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

FreezingofFoods
DifferenttypesofFreezingsystems
TemperaturerecommendedforFreezingprocessandstorage
DifferenttypesofFreezers/Stores
Freezingtimefordifferentproduct/sizes
ThermalInsulationforFreezer,Enclosures,Stores&otherColdSpaces.
RefrigerationSystemSelection
HeatLoadCalculations

SECTION2
TypicalDesignParametersforFreezing&Storage
TypicalLayoutforFoodFreezing&StoragePlant
Part II Technical Standard No NHB FROZEN FOOD STORAGE & SYSTEMS
INTEGRATEDTOREEFERTRANSPORT
SECTION1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

StorageofFrozenFoods.
StorageConditionsforFrozenFoods.
ThermalInsulation&Doors.
RefrigerationSystemSelection.
HeatLoadCalculations.

SECTION2
TypicalDesignParametersforFrozenFoodStorage
TypicalLayoutforFrozenFoodStorageplant.
SECTION3(CommonforPartI&II)
BasicDataSheet
SECTION4(CommonforPartI&II)
ProtocolforImplementationofTechnicalStandards.
Annexure I ListofRelevantBISandOtherStandards
Annexure II FlowChartVegetablesandFruits
AnnexureIIIOfficeorderofMoFPI
AnnexureIV TechnicalStandardsCoreCommitteeExperts

PartITechnicalStandardNoNHBQUICKFREEZINGSYSTEMS

1.BASICSOFFOODFREEZING
FREEZING is one of the oldest and most widely used methods of food preservation,
whichallowspreservationoftaste,texture,andnutritionalvalueinfoodsbetterthanany
other method. The freezing process is a combination of the beneficial effects of low
temperatures at which microorganisms cannot grow, chemical reactions are reduced,
andcellularmetabolicreactionsaredelayed.
FreezingoffoodsisoneofthemostprominenttechnologyfollowedintheColdChain,for
preservationoffoodsforlongerperiods.
A large number of foods which can be processed and frozen and stored at sub zero
temperature.FordistributiontothemarketandconsumersFoodFreezingandStorageis
practisedinvariousfoodsectorse.g.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)

ProcessedFruitsandVegetables
MilkProducts
MeatProducts
MarineandSweetwaterfish
PoultryProducts
Readytoeatproducts

The processing methods followed in each of the products lives are different. However,
thefreezingandstoragemethodsareadaptabletomostoftheproducts.
SpecificweightsofUnfrozenFoodsapprox.
FishFillets1000kg/m
Bonelessmeat1000kg/m
FruitsandVegetables700kg/m
Icecream550kg/m
Increaseinvolumeofproduceduringfreezingisabout6%
Processingofvariousfoodsbeforefreezing
Differentfoodsneeddifferenttypesofprocessesbeforetheyarefrozen

Itemslikegreenpeas&cornhavetobeblanched&thencooledbeforefreezing.
Pulpslikemango,tomatopureehavetobepasteurisedbeforepacking&freezing

Meat,carcasseshavetobechilledtoabout4degCbeforedeboning&makingof
portions.Theprocesshallshavetobemaintainedat12to15degC.
Fishproductsarechilledbeforeprocessing&freezing.

TheapplicableprocessingtechnologyhastobeadoptedasperthelocalFDArules.

TEMPERATURE

ABOVEFREEZING

SENSIBLECOOLING

Theprocessoffreezingisexplainedinfigure1

SENSIBLECOOLING

BELOWFREEZING

L A T E N T H E A T O F
F U S I O N Z O N E

T I M E

Figureshowsthethreephasesoffreezing:
1)Coolingwhichremovessensibleheat,reducingthetemperatureoftheproducttothe
freezingpoint.
2)Removaloftheproductslatentheatoffusion,changingthewatertoicecrystals
3) Continued cooling below the freezing point which removes more sensible heat
reducing the temperature of the product to the desired or optimum frozen storage
temperature.
Itisessentialtounderstandthefollowingfactorsthatgoverntheultimatekeepingquality
andstoragelifeoftheproduce:
a)
b)
c)
d)

Compositionoftheproductanditsnature
Selection,handlingandpreparationforfreezing
Freezingmethods
Storageconditionspostfreezing

ADVANTAGESOFQUICKFREEZINGOVERSLOWFREEZING
a) IcecrystalformationismuchsmallerinQuickFrozenproductsandmouthfeelis
farbetter.
b) QuickFreezingtakesmuchlesstimeandhencesaltdiffusionfromtheproductis
farlesserandseparationofwaterfromthetissueisminimal.
c) Product is quickly cooled below the TDZ (Temp. danger Zone) so that there is
minimalchanceofbacteria,yeastgrowth.
2. SELECTIONOFFREEZINGMETHODS
The following factors should be considered in the selection of freezing methods and
systemsforspecificproducts:
1) Specialhandlingrequirements
2) Capacity
3) Freezingtimes
4) Qualityconsideration
5) Yield
6) Appearance
7) Firstcost
8) Operatingcosts
9) Automation
10)Spaceavailability
11)Upstream/downstreamprocesses.
3. THENEEDFORFREEZINGANDFROZENSTORAGE
Freezinghasbeensuccessfullyemployedforthelongtermpreservationofmanyfoods,
providing a significantly extended shelf life. The process involves lowering the product
temperaturegenerallyto18Corbelow.Thephysicalstateoffoodmaterialischanged
whenenergyisremovedbycoolingbelowfreezingtemperature.Theextremecoldsimply
retardsthegrowthofmicroorganismsandslowsdownthechemicalchangesthataffect
qualityorcausefoodtospoil.
4. METHODSOFFREEZING
There are, mainly, two methods of freezing, generally, employed for freezing of foods
andthesearedescribedasbelow.
1. SharpFreezing
Thiscanbedoneusingdirectorindirectmethodofrefrigeration.The
time taken in freezing is longer with possibility of cellular damage in the
product.Thissystemisnotpopularatpresent.

2. QuickFreezing
In this type of freezing the foods are subjected to temperatures ranging
from () 30 to () 50C and the freezing occurs much faster, thereby,
preventingthepossibilityofcellulardamage.
Thevariousmethodsofquickfreezingare:
a) DirectImmersionMethod:
It involves immersion of product in the low temperature brine
solution.Themethodoffersadirectcontactandfasterfreezingbutthe
problem of contamination may occur unless adequate precautions are
taken.
b) ContactorPlateFreezing:
In this system the productsare placedbetween metal plates which
are refrigerated by the refrigerant passing through the hollow
passages created in the plates. The equipment is called plate
freezer which has a number of plates in horizontal placement or
vertical placement. The products kept in the trays are placed
betweentheplateswhicharethensubjectedtohydraulicpressureto
ensure proper contact between the products in the plates. The
freezing time, generally, varies between60 180 minutes depending
ontheproductthickness.Generally,theplatefreezersaredesigned
to handle product thickness from 25 mm to 80 mm. the horizontal
platefreezersare,generallyusedforproductsinstandardsizesand
the vertical plate freezers for freezing of bulk of fish or other
products. The plate freezers are available as batch type or
continuoustypefreezers.
c) AirBlastFreezing
Itiswidelyusedtofreezealargevarietyofproductsinstandardor
irregularshapes. The freezingtime, generally,varies from 4 hrs. to 10
hrs. depending on the thickness and the shape of the product. Blast
freezers are designed as batch freezers or continuous freezers in the
formoftunnelsandtakefulladvantageoftheheattransferefficiencyof
rapidly circulating air over the product. Air cooled by the refrigerated
coils and flowing at velocities ranging from 200 to 600 m/min. is then
directedovertheproductloadedintheracksortrolleys.Thismethodis
wellacceptedforanumberofpackedandunpackedfooditems.

Batch

Coldstoragerooms
Stationaryblastcells
Pushthroughtrolleys

Continuous/ProcessLine
Straightbelts(twostage,multipass)
Fluidizedbeds
Fluidizedbelts
Spiralbelts
Carton(carrier)

3. CryogenicFreezing:
Thesesystems are, normally, designed to work on liquid Nitrogen orsolid
Carbondioxide.

5.TYPESOFFREEZERS
a) STATIONARYAIRBLASTFREEZERS
BLAST FREEZERS use air as the heat transfer medium and depend on the
contact between the product and the air. A wide range of blast freezer systems
areavailable,including

It is the simplest freezer that can be expected to produce satisfactory results for most
products.Itisaninsulatedenclosurewithrefrigerationcoilsandaxialorcentrifugalfans
thatcirculateairovertheproductsinacontrolledway.
Thestationaryblastcellisauniversalfreezer,becausealmostallproductscanbefrozen
inablastcell.
The flexibility of a blast cell makes it suitable for small quantities of varied products,
however, labour requirement is relatively high and product movement is low.

b)BLASTFREEZERS(PUSHPULLTROLLEYTYPE)

TROLLEY

TROLLEY

TROLLEY

TROLLEY

This system is widely used to CRUSTFREEZE (quickchill) wrapped packages or raw

poultryandforirregularlyshapedproducts.Thistypeoffreezerissimilartothestationary
blastcell,exceptthatlabourcostsandproducthandlingtimearedecreased.

IQFTYPEFREEZERS
c) STRAIGHTBELTFREEZERS

Theprincipaldesignisthetwostagebeltfreezerwhichconsistsoftwomeshconveyor
beltsinseries.
Consistoftwomeshconveyorbeltsinseries.
Thefirstbeltinitiallyprecools.
Secondbeltforfreezingandsensiblecoolingto()18DegCofbelow.
Twostagefreezersaregenerallyoperatedat()9to()4Crefrigeranttemperaturein
theprecoolsectionand()32to()40Cinthefreezingsection.Capacitiesrangefrom
0.9to45Mgofproductperhour,withfreezingtimesfrom3to50min.

d)MULTIPASSSTRAIGHTBELTFREEZERS

Largerproductswithlongerfreezingtimes(Upto60min)
Highercapacityrequirements(0.5to6ton/h),
Singlestraightbeltfreezerwouldrequireaverylargefloorspace.
Requiredfloorspacecanbereducedbystackingbeltsaboveeachothertoformeither
(1) a singlefeed/singledischarge multipass system (usually infeeds and discharge)
stackedoneontopoftheother.

e) FLUIDIZEDBELTFREEZERS

Thisfreezerusesairbothasthemediumof heattransferandfortransporttheproduct
flows through the freezer on a cushion of upwardflowing cold air. The technique is
limited to well dewatered products of uniform size that can be readily fluidized and
transported through the freezing zone. Because the principle depends on rapid crust
freeingoftheproduct,theoperatingrefrigeranttemperaturemustbe
40OC or lower, giving air temperatures of 30OC or lower. Fluidized Belt Freezers are
normally manufactured as packaged, factory assembled units with capacity ranges of
0.9to9Mg/h.Particulateproductsgenerallyhavingafreezingtime3to15min.

f) FLUIDIZEDBEDFREEZERS

P R O D U C T F L O W

A I R F L O W

F L U I D I Z E D B E D F R E E Z E R

Thisfreezerusesairbothasthemediumof heattransferandfortransporttheproduct
flows through the freezer on a cushion of cold air. This design is well suited for small,
uniformsizedparticulateproductssuchaspeasanddicedcarrots.
The high degree of fluidization improves the heat transfer rate and allows good use of
floorspace.Thetechniqueislimitedtowelldewateredproductofuniformsizethatcan
be readily fluidized and transported through the freezing zone. Because the principle
depends on rapid crustfreezing of the product, the operating refrigerant temperature
mustbe40OForlower.Fluidizedbedfreezersarenormallymanufacturedaspackaged,
factoryassembled units with capacity ranges of 1 to 5 ton/h. The particulate products
generallyhaveafreezingtimeof3to11min.

g)SPIRALBELTFREEZERS

Thefreezerisadvantageousforproductswithlongfreezingtimes(generally10mintoh),
andfor products that require gentle handling duringfreezing. An endlessconveyor belt
that can be bent laterally is wrapped cylindrically, one tier below the last this is a
configurationthatrequiresminimalfloorspaceforarelativelylongbelt.
Thenumber of tiers in thespiralcanbevaried to accommodate differentcapacities. In
addition,twoormorespiraltowerscanbeusedinseriesforproductswithlongfreezing
times.
Spiral freezers are available in a range of belt widths and are manufactured as
packaged, modular, and fielderected models to accommodate various upstream
processesandcapacityrequirements.
Horizontal airflows applied to spiral freezers by axial fans mounted along on side. The
fansblowairhorizontallyacrossthespiralconveyorwithminimumbafflinglimitedtotwo
portionofthespiralcircumference.

Therotationofthecageandbeltproducesarotisserieeffect,withproductmovingpast
thehighvelocitycoldairnearthedischarge,aidinginuniformfreezing.

h)CONTACTPLATEFREEZERS

A CONTACT FREEZER primary means of heat transfer is conduction. The product or

packageisplacedindirectcontactwitharefrigeratedsurface.Contactfreezerscanbe
categorized as follows. The most common type of contact freezer is the contact plate
freezer,inwhichtheproductispressedbetweenmetalplates.
Refrigerant is circulated inside channels in the plates, which ensures efficient heat
transferandresultsinshortfreezingtimes,providedthattheproductisagoodconductor
of heat,as in the caseof fish fillets,chopped spinach, or meat .However, packages or
cavitiesshouldbewellfilled,andifmetaltraysareused,theyshouldnotbedistorted.

j)CRYOGENICFREEZERS

Cryogenicfreezersuseliquidnitrogenorliquidcarbondioxide(CO2)astherefrigeration
medium,andthefreezersmaybebatchcabinets,straightbeltfreezers,spiralconveyors,
orliquidimmersionfreezers.
A. GENERALCONSTRUCTIONFEATURESFORTUNNELTYPEFREEZERS :

EQUIPMENTDESCRIPTION:
TheIQFFluidizedBeltTunnelFreezerShouldbecomposedofaplenumchamberthatincludesthebelt,product
guards,fanwithmotors,Coilsectionthatincludeswaterdefrostheader&beltwasher,Dryer.
Enclosurethatincludeswalls,floor,doors,lighting,infeedanddischarge.A completeunit HighestSafetyHealth/
Hygiene/SanitationStandards. InstrictcompliancewiththeStandards,U.S.D.A,O.S.H.A,UL,C.S.A,CFIA,BRC.
CONVEYORBELTORPRODUCTTRAY
MOC StainlessSteel304orAcetalfoodgradematerial.Sideguides forbelttoalsobeinFoodgradematerialSS304
BELTWASHER/DRYERSYSTEM
MachineshouldbeequippedwithBeltwasherinlinewithoutremovingbeltortray.
Thefreezewithbeltdryerwillbeadvantage.
PRODUCTINLET&DISCHARGEWALLBAFFLING&CHUTE
Productinletwallbaffleandstainlesssteeldischargewallbafflechuteisprovidingtokeepairinfiltrationtominimum.
FREEZEREVAPORATOR
IndustrialQualityEvaporatordesignwithcontinuousplatefinwithmaterialofAluminium,Stainless Steelonly.
Thisshouldplaceinapositiontobeabletocleanfromallsides.
FANS&MOTOR
MOCtobeAluminiumorsimilarnoncorrosive.
ALLSTEELSTRUCTURE&CATWALKS,CHAMBER
MOC Tobeeasytoclean&Noncorrosive.Tobeeasyforinspect,cleanandmaintenanceoffreezerandmonitor
freezerperformance.
ACCESSLADDER
ELECTRICALCONTROLPANEL
PanelisbuilttoNEMAIVandULspecification

INSULATEDENCLOSURE
Theinsulatedenclosurewallsandceilingtobemadeofselfsupportingconstruction.
MOC SkinofenclosureismadeofSS304bothinside&outsidewithgoodinsulatingmaterialPUF/PIR.
INSULATEDFLOORSYSTEM
ThefloorsystemisbuildupwithMOC SSteel304&insulatedmaterialofPUF/PIR.
ALLHARDWARE
Shouldbenoncorrosive
LUBRICATIONFORMOTOR&BEARING
Alllubricationforopenbearingordriveunittobeusedwithonlyfoodgradegreasecertifiedwhichisregisteredin
Indian national chemicalsinventorylistsofsuppliers.

BGENERALCONSTRUCTIONFEATURESFORSPIRALTYPEFREEZERS
DesigntoHighestpriorityforhumanhealthandenvironmentalprotection
ItisdesignedtofreezeorchillanyFoodproductsuchas.Productstobeevenlyfeedfromtheproductionlinedirectly
ontotheloadingfreezerbelt.ProductscanbefrozeninsinglelayersorindividuallyforI.Q.F.(IndividuallyQuickFreeze)
quality.
SpiralFreezertobeHighestSafetyHealth/Hygiene/SanitationStandardsinstrictcompliancewiththeStandards,
U.S.D.A,O.S.H.A,UL,C.S.A,CFIA(Canadian),BRC.
SpiralBelting
FreezerstobeequippedwithheavydutyspiralSSteel304orFood gradeacetalbelting.
BeltSupportsandSpiralFrame,Drum,etc
Thebeltsupportrails,thespiralframes,Drum,etctohavenoncorrosivematerialonly.
DriveSystem
Thefreezerdrivesystemshouldbewithallsafetyfeatures
EvaporatorCoil
MOC AluminiumorStainlessSteel.Thecoiltobefurnishedwithliquid,suction,hotgasandwaterconnectionsfor
easyhookup.
LocationtobeeasytocleanfromAllsides.
ElectricalControlPanel
Standard NEMAIV,UL
MOC Stainlesssteel304 constructed.
EnclosureConstruction
MOC Inside&OutskintobemadeupofSS304withPUF/PIRinsulationmaterial.Selfsupportingconstruction&easy
tocleaningandmaintenance.
BeltWasher,CenterDrumInside&OutsideWasherManifold
ThefreezercanbeequippedwithBeltWasher,InsideCenterdrum&OutsideItcanalsobeconnectedaspartofthe
CIPSystem
HotGasDefrostSystem
Thefreezercanbeequippedwithhotgasdefrost(ifavailable).

FreezerUnitbasefloor
MOC SSteel304ornoncorrosivematerial.Completelyindependent&selfsupporting.
ALLHARDWARE
Shouldbenoncorrosive
LUBRICATIONFORMOTOR&BEARING
Alllubricationforopenbearingordriveunittobeusedwithonlyfoodgradegreasecertifiedwhichisregisteredin
Indiannationalchemicalsinventorylistsofsuppliers.

6.FREEZINGTIMEFORDIFFERENTPRODUCTS/SIZES
MostproductsneedQuickFreezinguptoacoretemperatureof()18C.
FreezingTimeIncaseoflargersizedproductsthefreezingtimecouldbemuchlonger
dependingontheproductsize,andotherrelatedfactors.Typicallysuchcasesarepulps
packed in large sizeddrum, cattle /sheepcarcasses,foodpackinglarger than100mm
thicknessetc.
Generally most products to befrozen have a thicknessof notmore than 100 mm.The
averagetimerequiredforfreezingfortheseproductsisgiveninthefollowingtable.
METHOD
PlateFreezer
AirBlastBatchFreezer
ContinuousAirBlastFreezer
BeltFreezer
FluidizedBeltorTrayFreezer
CryogenicFreezer

APPROXIMATEFREEZINGTIMES
30120minutes
180300minutesorlonger
2030minutes
510minutes
to1minute

FREEZINGTIME
Thefreezingtimedependsonanumberofvariables
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)

TypesofFreezers
EvaporatingTemperature
TypesofFoods
Producethicknessandshape
Typeofpackingmaterial
ProductIncomingandFinalfreezingtemperature
Conditionoftrays
Conditionofplatesi.e.qualityoffrost

Note:
Loading unloading time for products in caseof batch freezer may be considered
apartfromfreezingcycletimewhileestimatingthedailyproduction.
7.THERMALINSULATIONFORFREEZERENCLOSURES,FROZENFOODSTORES
ANDCOLDSPACES.
Thermal Insulationarematerialsorcombinationofmaterialsthatproperlyappliedretard
the flow of heat energy by conductive, convective and / or radiative transfer modes.
Thesematerialscanbeparticulate,filmorsheetblockormonolithic,openorclosedcell
or composites of these materials that can be chemically bound or supported. Thermal
bridgeshouldbeavoided.

FUNCTIONSOFINSULATION:
1. ConserveenergybyreducingheatlossorgainthroughFreezerenclosures,Cold
Storestructures,equipmentandpiping.
2. Help control the temperature of a chemical process, a piece of equipment or a
structure.
3. Prevent transmission of moisture / vapour from the surroundings to the Cold
interiors.
4. Reduce temperature fluctuations within an enclosure when heating or cooling is
notneededoravailable.
INSULATIONMATERIALS
There are various types of insulation materials used for insulating freezer enclosures,
coldstoresandFrozenfoodstores,vessels,pipingetc.Theseareasfollows:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)

ExpandedPolystyrene(EPS)
FireretardantEPS
PolyurethaneFoam(PUF)/Polyisocyanurate(PIR)
ExtrudedPolystyrene(XPS)
Polyethylene
NitrileRubber
EPDM(EthylenePropyleneDieneMonomer

Outofthesea,b,c&dareusedforinsulatedenclosures,coldstoresandFrozenfood
stores.ThecurrentpracticeistousesandwichinsulatedpanelswithPUF/PIR/EPS/
XPScoreinsulation.
Typee,f&garegenerallyusedforvesselsandpipinginsulation.
DENSITYANDTHERMALCONDUCTIVITIESOFINSULATIONMATERIALS
TypeOf
insulation

Expanded
Polyurethane
(EPS)
Rigid
Polyurethane
(PUF)
Extruded
Polystyrene
(XPS)
Phenolicfoam

Material

RelevantIScode

Density(min)
Kg/m3

K
(at100 c)
w/mK

18

0.036

38

0.023

32

0.025

50

0.026

IS13204

IS4671

IS12436

PIPEINSULATION
For piping insulation with PUF/PIR & EPS materials the following tables may be
referredto:

Polyurathane(PUF)/PolyisocyanurateFoam(PIR)InsulationThickness
for Pipes
(38OCAmbientTemperature)
Nominal
pipesize,
mm
15
20
25
40
50
65
75
100
125
150
200
250

PipeOperatingTemperature,OC
+5

20

30

40

50

25
25
25
40
40
40
40
40
40
50
50
50

40
40
40
40
40
40
50
50
50
65
65
65

40
50
50
50
50
50
65
65
65
75
75
75

50
50
50
50
65
65
75
75
75
75
90
90

50
65
65
65
75
75
75
90
90
90
100
100

65
65
65
65
75
75
90
90
100
100
115
115

Ref:ASHRAERefrigerationHandbook

RECOMMENDEDOVERALLHEATTRANSMISSIONCOEFFICIENTSFORFREEZER
ENCLOSURE,FROZENFOODSTORE&OTHERCOLDSPACES ASPERIS661
2000.

Max.U Value,W/sq.m.K
OperationalTemp.Range
(deg.C)

Intermediate
Walls/ceilings
ExposedWalls

(oneitherside,or
doublethickness
forsandwichpanel

Roofs

Floors

/similarInsulation)

()40to()30(*)

0.13

0.4

0.11

0.17

()30to()20

0.17

0.47

0.14

0.2

()20to()15

0.21

0.47

0.17

0.23

()15to()4

0.23

0.47

0.21

0.27

()4to2

0.27

0.58

0.24

0.29

2to10

0.35

0.93

0.29

0.47

10to16

0.47

0.93

0.28

0.64

16&above

1.28

1.47

1.05

1.63

(*) Thesefigureshavebeenextrapolated.

MINIMUMINSULATION THICKNESSFORVARIOUSINSULATIONMATERIALS
BASEDONRECOMMENDEDUVALUESFOR ()30 TO ()40OC TEMPERATUREFOR
FREEZERS/STORES.

TypeOf
insulation

Material

Wall

Ceiling/
roof
Uvalue=
ExternalU Partition* 0.24
2K
value=
Uvalue= W/m
0.27w/m2K 0.58w/m2K

Floor
Uvalue=
0.29W/m2K

P
K
Thickness Thickness Thickness Thickness
Density (at100
mm
mm
mm
mm
Kg/m3
c)
w/mK
EPS

15

0.036

275

100

300

200

PUF

38

0.023

175

60

200

150

XPS

3035

0.025

200

75

225

150

50

0.026

200

75

225

150

Phenolic
foam**

Note:*Partition (oneitherside,or doublethickness forsandwichpanel/similarInsulation)

MINIMUMINSULATIONTHICKNESSFORVARIOUSINSULATIONMATERIALS
BASEDONRECOMMENDEDUVALUESFOR () 20 TO ()30OC TEMPERATUREFOR
FROZENFOODSTORES.

TypeOf
insulation

Material

P
K
Density (at100
Kg/m3
c)
w/mK

Wall

Ceiling/
Floor
roof
Uvalue=
Uvalue=
0.29W/m2K
2K
ExternalU Partition* 0.24W/m
value=
Uvalue=
0.27w/m2K 0.58w/m2
K
Thickness Thicknes Thickness Thickness
mm
smm
mm
mm

EPS

15

0.036

200

100

250

175

PUF

38

0.023

150

60

175

125

XPS

3035

0.025

150

60

175

125

50

0.026

150

60

175

125

Phenolic
foam**

Note:*Partition (oneitherside,or doublethickness forsandwichpanel/similarInsulation)

PIPEINSULATION
For piping insulation with PUF/PIR & EPS materials the following tables may be
referredto:

Polyurathane(PUF)/PolyisocyanurateFoam(PIR)InsulationThickness
for Pipes
(38OCAmbient Temperature)
Nominal
pipesize,
mm
15
20
25
40
50
65
75
100
125
150
200
250

PipeOperatingTemperature,OC
+5

20

30

40

50

25
25
25
40
40
40
40
40
40
50
50
50

40
40
40
40
40
40
50
50
50
65
65
65

40
50
50
50
50
50
65
65
65
75
75
75

50
50
50
50
65
65
75
75
75
75
90
90

50
65
65
65
75
75
75
90
90
90
100
100

65
65
65
65
75
75
90
90
100
100
115
115

Ref:ASHRAERefrigerationHandbook

PolystyreneFoam(EPS)InsulationThickness for Pipes

(38OCAmbientTemperature)
Nominal
pipesize,
mm
15
20
25
40
50
65
75
100
125
150
200
250

PipeOperatingTemperature,OC
+5

20

30

40

50

40
40
40
50
50
50
65
65
65
65
65
75

50
50
50
50
65
65
75
75
75
90
75
90

65
65
65
65
75
75
90
90
90
90
115
115

65
65
75
75
75
75
90
100
100
115
115
125

65
75
75
75
90
90
100
115
115
115
125
140

75
75
90
90
100
100
115
115
125
125
140
150

Ref:ASHRAERefrigerationHandbook
METHODOFAPPLICATION
ForConventionalInsulation
Walls&Ceiling
1. PrimerCoatfollowedbytwolayersofbitumen
2. Fixingaluminiumfoilmin.50microns
3. Fixingwoodenpegsatsuitableintervals
4. Fixingtwolayersofinsulationwithstaggeredjoints
5. FixingG.Ssheetrunnersoverthepegsinlongitudinal&lateraldirections
6. Fixingprofiled&precoatedg.s.sheets,0.5/0.6mmthickovertherunnerswith
properfinishingofjoints.AlternativelyFRPsheetscanbeused.
Floor
1. Layingofpolythenesheet,min.250microns,asvapourbarrier
2. Fixinginsulationslabsintwolayerswithbitumenasadhesiveforthefirstlayer
3. Coveringwithtarfelt

4. LayingPCC/tremixof75mm/100mmthickness/withEpoxy/otherfloorfinish.

ForInsulatedPanelStructure
Walls&Ceiling
1. Perimeteroftheplinthtobeinlevelforpanelinstallation
2. Panelstohavecamlockortongue/grovejoints
3. Sheetmetalflashingtobeprovidedonallconcrete/wallceilingjointsinternally&
externally.PVCcovingorconcretecurbingtobeprovidedonwallfloorjoints.
4. HorizontalTiebracingstobeprovidedbetweenverticalwallpanels&external
columns,totakecareofwindloads
5. AdequatenumbersofPressurereliefportstobeprovidedonallchamberswith
electricalconnection
6. Insulateddoorsshallbesuitableforpanelmounting

CONSTRUCTIONFEATURES
Construction Features The general convention of conventional construction is as
follows:
Foundation:SuperstructureandFoundation(whichmaybeconventionalFootingType,
Pile Foundation, Raft Foundation etc) to be designed by qualified &
licensedstructural/civilengineer.ThedesignshallmeettheBISstandards
andrelevantseismiczonenormsforearthquakeproofdesigns.
ColdChamber:
Walls

Minimum 230 mm Brick walls / solid concrete blocks with sandcement

plaster. However, in RCC structure or prefabricated structure insulated
panelboardsmayalsobeprovidedinplaceofmasonrywalls.

Roof

RCC slabs or Truss Roof with G.S / Precoated G.S.Sheet cover. RCC
slab to have proper water proofing with reflective colour paint / China
mosaicfinish.Slabtohaveproperslopeforrainwaterdrainage.
Incaseoftrussroof,provisiontobemadeforfixinginsulatedpanelsonthe
ceiling & supporting ofcoolingunitsfrom the trusses(alternatively cooling
unitscanbesupportedonfloormountedframestructureontopfloor).
ProvisionforFRPsheetsfornaturallightingtobemadeinroofsheetingat
certainlocations.Forventilationofattic,provisionofridgemonitororturbo
ventilators(whichrequirenoelectricpower)canbemade.Alternativelyroof
canalsobedesignedbyinstallinginsulatedroofpanelswithproperslope&
sealing of longitudinal & lateral joints. The work to be handled by
experiencedagenciestoensureatroublefreeroofstructure.Theroofmay
bekeptwalkableformaintenance.

Floor

The floor comprises of base concrete, in cold stores with suitably lower
levels incoldchambers. Thelevel difference betweencoldchambers and
ante room to be equal tothe thickness offloor insulation plusthe layer of
PCCortremixfinish.

Curbs
Mediumtolargesizecoldstoragesusedforbulkstorageorwarehousingwithaconcrete
floor should have a concrete or steel curb, approximately 20 cm high by 15 cm deep
placedalongtheinsideperimeteroftheroom.
Thecurbprotectstheinsulatedpanelsfromdamagebyaforkliftorstoredproductsand
alsomaintainsrefrigerationefficiencybykeepingtheproductsawayfromthewalls,thus
allowingcirculationforcoolairallaroundtheproduct.

Interfloors ThebasicstructurecanbeRCCcolumns&beamsorsteelcolumns&steel
beams
Grating

Woodenbatten gratingorsteel grating using flats /square tubes etc.The

interfloors have to be designed for a product loading of 900 kg/m2 min.
WhereACunitsarelocatedontopfloor,thestructurehastobesuitablefor
theunitstatic&dynamicloads.

AnteRoom In case of Multifloor stores, Anteroom should preferably be designed to

accommodate staircase, electrical hoist cage and have wider doors.
Provision for fire escapestair &exits to bemade as per local norms.The
interfloorsinanteroomtohavedoorstoeachcoldroomoneachfloor.
Strip curtains for cold rooms and Air Curtains for external outlets/ inlets Strip
curtains are quite common for reducing infiltration of air during loading/
unloading. Air curtains need power for operation but are more effective if
properlyinstalled.
Rodentproofcivilstructureandproperdrainageofwatertobeensured.
Roomsformachines,Electricalsetc.
Dock

Loading & unloadingdock shall be designed with RCC slab roof or sheet
roofing. However the machine roof can have RCC slabroof to
accommodate the evaporative condensers, pump sets, water tank, water
softener etc. Thedock area to accommodatesuitably sized office & toilet for
staff&labour.

InsulatedDoors Thefreezerandfrozenfoodstorecanbeswingorslidingtype.The
doors shall have heating element on all sides. Water floor heatingshould
be provided on the front side of the door. The heaters should have
automatictemperaturecontrolandshouldbelowvoltagetype.Allthedoor
hardwareshallberustandcorrosionproof.
Accesstoacoldstoremustbethroughaninsulateddoordesignedwithinsulation
equivalent in value to that of the wall insulation and constructed using a rigid
frame or a heavy duty metal channel incorporatinga thermal break betweenthe
internal and external temperatures. Door frames should be of material not only
capableofsupportingthedoor,butalsoconstructedtoensuretheintegrityofthe
wallpanelstowhichtheframesarefitted.
Where doors are installed in a sub freezing room, heater elements must be
providedondoorsordoorframestopreventstrikingduetoicebuildup.
All door hardware should be corrosion resistant and large enough to ensure the
easyoperationofdoors.

Since doors are subject to frequent handling and abuse they must be extremely
well designed, rugged and manufactured by specialist insulated door
manufacturers, particularly since the variety of door designs is vast and outside
therangeofallinsulatedpanelmanufacturers.
Alldoorsinstalledincoldstoremustbeprotectedfromdamagebyforklifttrucks
movinginandoutofdoorsathighspeeds.Thecommonestformofprotectionisin
theshapeofagoalpost,securelyboltedtothreefloors.Allsuchprotectionbarriers
shouldbeboldlypaintedinblackandyellowstripesforeasyidentification.

Ancillaries Underground fresh water storage, storage for fire fighting, water supply &
sanitaryarrangements,compoundwall/fencing,maingate,security,small
canteen/electricalsubstation&D.G.setplatform,roads&parkingplace
forvehiclesetc.Greenlandscapingwithbenchesforlabourersisdesirable.
Pressure Relief Valves: Pressure Relief Valves for insulated panel structure to take
care of the pressure changes either inside or outside a low temperature
coldroom,havetobeprovidedonwallorroofpanels.ThePressureRelief
Valveshavetobepanelmountedtypeandcompletewithelectricalheating
elementtoeliminatefrosting.
Coving
Thefoodindustryfrownswhentheyseesharpcorners,whereverwallsmeetoralongthe
cornersformedbyceilingandwallpanelsorfloorandwallpanels.Cornerstendtocollect
dirt and small pieces of stored products and are difficult to keep clean and become a
breedingareaforbacteriawhenfoodproductsdeteriorate.
RoundedcornersorcovingsmadeofPVC,aluminiumorstainlesssteelcanbeusedfor
thewall/wallorceilingpaneljoints.
FloorChannels
PVCchannelscanbeusedforboltingonafinishedconcreteflooralongtheperimeterof
theroomandusedtoprovideasupporttothewallpanelsinstalledonthefloor.Different
widthsofsuchchannelsareavailabletosuitvaryingpanelthickness.
LOADING/UNLOADINGDOCKS
Used for in loading of products to be stored as well as out loading the refrigerated
productsfromandtodeliverytrucks.Theyshouldbeasspaciousaspossiblebecauseof
thehighactivitylevels.Theyshouldalsobewelllitandtemperaturecontrolledtoabout5
C.theloadingdockactsasabufferbetweenthetemperaturecontrolledareasandthe
ambient.

LoadingLevellers
Sinceavarietyoftruckswillbebringinginandtakingouttheproducts,itisnecessaryto
provide a dockleveller thatcancope with differingfloor heightsof trucks. As aguide,
thedocklevellershouldbelongenoughtokeeptheslopedowntothelowestvehicleno
morethan10%.
Docklevellerscanbeelectrohydraulicallyoperatedormanual.Theycanhaveafixedlip,
afoldingliporahydraulicallyoperatedlip.The morevehiclemovementsthereare,the
betteristhecaseforhydraulicassistancetoraiseandlowertheleveller.
DockSeals,DockSheltersandDockDoors.
To provide a goodseal between the truck door opening and the loadingdock, a dock
sealwithastationaryfoamfilledheaderprovidesatightsealatthesidesandtopofthe
truck. If the dimensions of thevehicle are known and unlikely to vary, these stationary
sealsprovideareasonablytightsealpreventinghothumidairfromtheoutsideinfiltrating
intothedockarea.
Withvaryingsizes,inflatabledocksealsusingabuiltinsmallblowercanmakeuniversal
sealingofallsizesofvehiclesapossibility.Sincesuchinflatablesealscanbeexpensive,
adockshelterwithrubberflapsonthesidesandtopofthesheltercanprovideasnugfit
betweenvaryingvehiclesizesandthedock.
In order to seal off the loading dock from several truck access openings, a segmented
manualorpoweroperatedoverheaddoorshouldbeinstalledateachdocksealordock
shelter,forsecurityreasons,openableonlyfromtheinsideofthedockarea.

BUILDINGWALL

TYPDOORWIDTH(2450)

DOCKSEAL

"A"

OUTSIDE

INSIDE

TYPDOOR
HEIGHT
(2750)

LAMINATED
BUMPERS

TRUCK
APPROACH

HYDRAULICDOCKLEVELER

"A"

Note:
1)HYRDAULICPOWERPACKISLOCATEDINSIDETHEDOCKLEVELERPIT.
2)CONTROLPANELISLOCATEDINSIDETHEBUILDING.

DOCKLEVELER

8.REFRIGERATIONSYSTEMSELECTION
AlltheFreezingsystemsoperateatevaporatingtemperatureintherangeof()35Cto
()45C.
a. COMPRESSORSYSTEM
Thesystemrequiresatwostagerefrigerationplantofoneofthefollowingtypes:
a) CombinationofLowandHighCompressor
b) Compound(twostage)Compressor
c) Cascadesystem
ProvisionofstandbyCompressorisdesirableespecially,incaseoflargerplants.
The Compressors can be Reciprocating or Screw type. The Reciprocating
Compressors shall have capacity control in steps or through VFD. The Screw
Compressor should preferably have step less capacity control. The energy
efficiencyoftheCompressorsisthemostimportantfactorfortheselectionofthe
Compressors.
NOTE:
For evaporating temperatures below () 30C CO2 / NH3 cascade refrigeration system
canbeconsidered.
b. TYPESOFCONDENSERS
Condenserscanbe:
a) EvaporativeCondenser
b) AtmosphericCondenser
c) ShellandTube/PHECondenserwithcoolingtowersforwatercooling.
d) AirCooledCondenserstobeusedforHFCsystemsincasesoftwaterisnot
available.CondenserAirPrecoolingsystemshouldbeincorporatedalongwith
Air cooledcondensers for energy saving. Aircooledcondensers workbestin
openareaswithlotsofventilation,butcanbeprotectedfromrainbyproviding
shed.
Waterneedstobesoftqualityanddecontaminatedforwhichwatersoftening/
other relevant equipment has to be installed for the makeup water. The
Condenser should be selected for the lowest possible Condensing
temperature. Generally, a condensing max temperature of 38C (or lower, if
possible)isrecommended.
Evaporative condensers offer better energy efficiency as compared to other
types. Atmospheric / Evaporative Condensers should be kept in open areas
whereairflowisnotrestricted.

c. TYPESOFAIRCOOLINGUNITS
TheaircoolingunitusedinAirBlastFreezingsystemsshallhavefinnedcoils
andheavydutyaxialflowfans.TheAirCoolingunitsshallbeeitherlocatedon
thefloororoverheaddependingonthefreezerdesign.
Ammonia coils are typically MS hot dip galvanised or SS/ aluminium tubes with
Aluminiumfins.ThecoolingunitsforHFCrefrigerantshavecoilswithcoppertubesand
aluminiumfins.CoilswithAluminiumtubesandAluminiumfinscanalsobeused.The
finspacingonthesecoilsshouldbeintherangeof10mm25mm.Acombinationof
finspacingsinthisrangecanalsobeusedoverthecoildepth.
d. AIRPURGER(MANUALORAUTOMATIC)
It is desirable to remove air and other non condensable gases from the refrigeration
circuit to keep the compressor head pressures lower and also improve heat transfer
coefficients.
LIQUIDFEED
Theliquidfeedcanbe
a) DirectExpansionIncaseofHFCsystem
b) GravityfeedIncaseofAmmoniasystem
c) Refrigerantpumprecirculation(Overfeed)IncaseofAmmonia/HFC
TheDirectExpansionsystemresultsinabout20%lowercapacityoffreezing.
DEFROSTING
Defrostingsystemcanbeofthefollowingtypes:
a)
b)
c)
d)

WaterDefrosting
HotgasDefrosting
OffCycleDefrosting((Betweenshifts)
ElectricaldefrostingcanbeusedinHFC(Freon)basedsystems

e. TESTINGANDCOMMISSIONINGTHESYSTEM
Installation, Testing & Commissioning should be carried out as per BIS standards.
ASHRAEstandardsmaybereferredtoasguidelinesbutnotmandatory.
f. EQUIPMENTDERATINGATHIGHERAMBIENT
A designer should match the loads with the derated equipment capacity at higher
ambientconditions.

GENERALSPECIFICATIONSFORREFRIGERATIONSYSTEM
BriefSpecificationsforEquipment/Materials/Services
i.

RefrigerationCompressors&Motors

CompressorArrangement

Type

A combination of low stage and high stage

compressors or compound compressors. Standby
compressorpreferredincaseoflargerunits.Incase
of HFC refrigerant two stage compressors or rack
systemcanbeused.
For ammonia as refrigerant, reciprocating, multi
cylinder complete with watercooled head / jackets,
withaccessories like oil separators,capacity control
& unloaded start. Alternatively screw compressor,
open type with accessories can be provided. For
HCFC / HFC, reciprocating. / scroll / screw can be
provided.IfAircooledcylinderheadsaretobeused
for low stage compressors adequate ventilation
shouldbeprovidedfortheplantroom.

Capacityatcriticaloperating TobeconfiguredinKw
conditions
To be configured in kW, RPM, type of insulation,
EstimatedMotorrating
InputACpowersupply
ii.EvaporativeCondenserforAmmonia/HFC:
Coilsection

Fansection

Watersumptank
Otherprovisions
Unitcasing

Hot dip galvanised M.S. pipes / CDW Boiler

qualitytubes/S.S.304tubes
With2/3AxialFlowFanswithCastAluminium/
S.S / GRP impellers, complete with TEFC Sq.
cage motors, Class F insulation & IP55
protection
S.S.304 /M.S. Epoxy coated with necessary
connections
Water spray arrangement, air inlet grilles,
eliminatorsofsuitabledesign
with removable G.S sheet panels & inspection
windowsetc.

Estimated
Heat
rejection
capacity
TobeconfiguredinKW
at 38 deg C condensing & and
applicableWBtemp
SuggestedStandard

ARIStd490

Aircooled/watercooledcondenserforHFC.
Capacity

TobeconfiguredinKW

Size

Tobefurnished

iii.)GasandLiquidIntercooler
GasIntercoolerandLiquidSubcooler

M.S. Construction with gas inlet and

outletconnections,liquidsubcoolingcoil
and liquid injection connection to be
provided.

iv.H.P.ReceiverforAmmonia/HFC:
HorizontalReceivercomplete

With necessary connections, reflex type

levelgaugeetc.

Capacity

Tobeconfigured

MaterialofConstruction

Boilerqualitysteelplates

Quantity

2 Nos. (Two Nos. are suggested in case

some States regulations call for Pressure
testing of high pressure vessels on a
periodicbasis)

SuggestedStandard

ANSI/ARI495/BISCodeIS2825

v.AirCoolingUnitsforAirBlastFreezers/DeepFreezechambers.
a)Finnedcoolingcoil

M.O.C

Coildesigntobesuitableforgravityfeed/pumpre
circulation/overfeedsystemforammonia&DX
operationforHFCasperdesign
Hot dip galvanised coil with M.S. pipes CDW Boiler
quality tubes ASTM A 214 with MS fins / S.S.304
tubes &Aluminium fins / Aluminium Tubes &
Aluminiumfinswithproperbondingsystemwithbullet
drawnexpansion/equivalentexpansionforAmmonia
ForHFC/HCFCcoilswithcoppertubes&aluminium
finsoraluminiumtubeswithaluminiumfinswithbullet
drawnorequivalentexpansionmaybeused.

Finspacing

Inrangeof10to25mminstepsinthecoildepth.

b)AxialFlowfans

With cast aluminium / S.S. / FRP impellers, with

variablepitch, TEFC Squirrelcage motors withclass
Finsulation,IP55protection

c)Accumulator

Vertical / horizontal with necessary connections (in

caseofgravityfeedunits)forAmmonia

d)Unitcasing

G.S. sheetduly painted, drain pan ofG.S /M.S with

epoxypaint

e)Defrostingarrangement

Water/Hotgas/Air

f)Electricalheattracing

Drainpan,Drainpipe,Fancasing

Unitcapacities
Numberperchamber

Tobeconfigured

Estimatedcapacityeachat
Tobeconfigured
criticaloperatingconditions
Estimatedcoilsurfacearea Tobeconfigured
Estimatedairflowcapacity
withadequateexternal
staticpressure

Tobeconfigured

vi.RefrigerantPiping,Fittings&Valves
Piping
Interconnectingpipingbetween
compressor,condenser,receiverand
coolingunits

M.S.blackpipingconformingtoIS1239/
ASTM A Gr.106B for 40 NB & smaller
sizes / ASTM A Gr.53B for 50 NB &
largersizesincaseofammoniaplants.
ForLowtemprefrigerantlinebelow()30
Deg C upto () 45 Deg C SA 333 Gr 1,
Grade6tobeused.ForAmmoniafittings
shallbeofforgedsteel.ForHFC/HCFC,
hardCopperpipingtypeL
Pipingasper.
ANSIguidelinesandpressurevesselsas
per BIS Code IS 2825). Reference to
ASHRAEB31.5recommended.

vii.WaterPiping,Fittings&Valves

Pipingshallbeusedfor

PipingtobeG.IclassBorsizesupto65
NB & M.S. black pipe conforming to IS
1239.

a.Condenserwatercirculation
b.Compressorcooling
c.Defrosting

Valves up to 40 NB to be Gate / Globe

type.

d.Drainlines

Valves50NB/largertobebutterflytype.

viii.WaterPumpsets
Waterflowcapacitytotakecareof
condenserwaterflow&compressor
head/jacketcooling
Capacity

At least 2 nos. operational during peak

loadand1nostandby
Tobeconfigured

ix.Thermalinsulationforrefrigerantpipingetc.

Materialforinsulationforrefrigerant
suctionline,accumulatorsetc.

a. EPSpipesection
b. PUFpipesection
With 0.6 mm Aluminium or 0.5 mm
G.S.precoatedsheetcladding
c. Nitrile Rubber / EPDM / chemically
cross linked polyethylene pipe
section/otheracceptablematerials
with woven glass cloth with UV
treatedpigmentedepoxyCoating

x.Controls.

Temperaturecontrol

Temp Indicators cum controllers for

individual
freezers
and
chambers.
Temperature scanners and a centralized
temperatureindicationinmachineroom

Refrigerantflowcontrols

Liquidlevelcontrols,solenoidvalvesetc.

DefrostControlsforautomatic
defrostingifrequired

Recommendedincaseofcontinuous
freezersanddeepfreezechambers.

PLCcontrolsystems

Foroverallcontrolofvariousparameters

Note. Location for installing the sensors will depend on site conditions and stacking
patternetc.ThereforeProgrammableLogicControllers(PLC)isrecommendedforlarge
unitswiththedisplaypointinthemanagerscabin.
xi.Installation,Testing&Commissioning
Theplant shallbe installed, tested &
commissioned as per IS 660 /
ASHRAE.Std15.

Installation

GeneralNotes:
1.

Incaserefrigerantpumpingsystem(overfeedsystem)isuseditwillincorporate
thefollowingcomponents.
a. Centralised L.Preceiver
b. Refrigerantpumpsincludingstandby
c. Refrigerantflow&safetycontrols
d. Interconnectingpipingbothsupply&returnlinesshallbeinsulated.Inthiscase
theindividualaccumulatorsforACunits&levelcontrolsetc.arenotrequired.

ELECTRICALINSTALLATIONS
PowerFactornotlessthan0.95
Transformerofminimumrequiredcapacity
Substationwithadequaterating
Substationwitharatingadequate
capacity

a. Step down transformer suitable for

incoming H.T. voltage / 433 V as per IS
2026/otherapplicablestandards
b.Twopole/fourpolestructureasperlocal
requirements
c. Outdoor type metering cubicle with
approvedmeter,CTs/PTsetc.
d.Earthlingstationasperrequirement
e. Switchyard fencing with gates as per
ElectricalBoardrequirements

D.G.Setforstandbypower

D.G.setcompletewithaccessories
andwithweatherproofandnoiseproof
canopyasperlocalpollutioncontrol
norms

Estimated Rating: as per design. One

big for pull down period and one small
forholdingperiodmaybeused.Theuse
ofDieselenginesoncompressorsisleft
tothepromotertoassessbutkeepingin
viewoverallCoPoftheplant.

Mainpowerdistributionpanel
Main power distributionpanel with changeover facility for normal electricsupply &D.G.
setsupply.Withongoingfeedersforvariouselectricalpanels.
Electricpanels
a.Refrigeration
b.Lighting,Electrichoist,Fans
c. APFC (automatic power factor
correction)panel
d.Watersupply,firefightingetc.

Electricpanelsfor

Power&Controlcablingetc
Aluminium armoured conductors for
PowerandControlcabling,earthingetc main power lines & equipment lines
forvariouselectricalcircuits
& copper conductors for lighting,
controlwiringetc.
vi. Lighting

Lightingin
a. Freezers, Process Halls,
Packing Room, ante room,
Dockandoutsideareas.
b.Otherareas
c.Outsideareas

Forfreezer&frozenfoodstoresS.V.Lamps
/LEDLamps.
FormediumtempcoldstoresCFL/LEDwith
vapourprooffittings.
For process / other areas T 5 type TL /
CFL/LEDLamps.

SAFETYMEASURES

Provision for handling

leakageofammonia

Ammonia sensors at proper places

and Machine room near ACUs &
machineroom
Emergency ventilation for machine
room
Safetyreleaseofrefrigeranttowater
accidental sump
Ammoniamasks
Firstaidkit
Instructions
for
handling
emergencies.
Resettable dual safety valves for all
pressurevessels.
ProvisionforFaceWashing
Quick oil drain valve on receivers

andotherequipment.

Fireprotection

Emergencylightingsystem

Emergencyalarmsystem

Fire sensors in suitable places and

machinerooms&machineroom.
Dry & water based fire fighting
systemsasperspecsbelow.
Sprinklersforhighpressureandlow
pressurereceivers.
May besolarPV cells with batteries
&controller
To be provided with switches near
all cold store doors and alarms
locatedincommonpublicareas

Lightningarrestorsforthebuildingasperlocalregulations

FireFighting
a) DryType
Fire fighting equipment necessary i)Drychemicalpowdertype5.0KgCap
for
with ISI Mark Fire Extinguisher
completewithwallmountingbracket.
extinguishing liquid, solid and ii) Carbon DiOxide (CO2) type 4.5 Kg.
electricalfire:
capacity Fire Extinguisher complete
withwallmountingbracket.
iii')G.I.FireBuckets
iv)M.S.StandforFireBuckets

b) Waterbased(mandatoryiflocalcodesoprescribes)

Systemshallcompriseof

i)2setsofWatersupplypumps.
ii)2setsFirefightingpumps
iii) G.I. piping, class C with necessary fittings &
valves
iv)RubberHosereel
v)CanvasHosepipe
vi)M.S.Fabricatedhoseboxwithkey
vii) any other requirements as per local fire
officer.

CoefficientofPerformance(COP)Foroptimumenergyefficiencytheplantshouldbe
selectedwithbestpossibleCOP.
Operation & Maintenance Plant design must be accompanied by Operation &
MaintenanceManualforplantoperatorwhichshouldcoverfollowingpointsinEnglishas
wellasHindilanguages
No.ofoperatinghours
Trainingofoperators
Monitoring&controltemperature,humidity,CO2
Doorsealscheckingmethods
Maintenanceofequipment/coldstore
Hygieneissues
Variation/amendmentClause
The standards prescribed above are not intended to prevent or discourage variations
arising out of new concepts, innovations and R & D in building design & construction,
thermalinsulationandcooling&refrigerationtechnologyetc.However,anyvariationsor
deviations from the above prescribed standardsmust be supported by scientific /
technicaldetailsforpriorapprovalofthecompetentauthority,onthebasisofmeritwho
may decide the proposal in view of relevant technical details including critical storage
requirements,energy efficiency (coefficient of performance),availability of Standards,
environmental concerns, safety etc. Similarly, periodic amendment of standards for
general application may also be undertaken by the National Horticulture Board in
consultationwithacommitteeofsubjectmatterexpertsdulyconstitutedforthispurpose.

9. REFRIGERATIONSYSTEMSLOADCALCULATIONS
TotalRefrigerationLoadHeatLoadCalculation
Procedureforloadcalculation
Procedures laid out byASHRAE Fundamentals and Refrigeration handbooksmay
be followed.ASHRAE refrigeration handbook elaborates a more traditional
approach. Thus, based on the overall impact/ sensitivity of important parameters,
someestimatescanbemade.Designersalsotendtotakeasafetyfactorof510%
ontheestimatedloads.
Ambientconditions
0.4%annualdesignconditionsofthatlocationasperASHRAE/ISHRAEdatamay
be used for holding period. For the loading and pull down periods, 0.4% design
conditionsforthosemonthsmaybetaken.
TheRefrigerationloadforfreezingshallinclude
a) TheTransmissiongainsthroughthefreezerenclosure
b) Thefanmotorload,incaseofBlastandIQFtypefreezers
c) Loadsduetomechanicalconveyors
d) Productcoolingandfreezingload
e) Anyotherloadifapplicable
ProductIncomingtemperature
ItdependsontheprocessfollowedandtheChilling/Precoolingmethod.Generally
theproducttemperaturesenteringthefreezermaybeintherangeof1020DegC.
FinalProductTemperature
Unless otherwise specified the final core temperature of the product after freezing
canbeconsideredas()18DegC.Howeverinsomecasestheprocessorsspecify
lowertemperaturesof()23to()25DegC
ProductLoad
Theproductloadduringthefreezingprocessshallcompriseof

a) Theloadduringcoolingofproductuptofreezingtemperature
b) Thelatentheatoffusion
c) Thesubcoolingofproductfromfreezingtemperaturetothefinaltemperatureof
thefrozenproduct.

HeatLoadCalculationofCoolingSystemSummary
HeatLoadCalculationsSummaryforFreezer
Ambient
FreezingsuctionRoomTempOC
IncomingProductTemp
FinalProductTemp(Core)
Productloadperbatchorperhour
ProcessingHallConditionsDBtemp
CRH%
TransmissionLoadKW
Productloadincluding
a)Initialcooling
b)Freezing
c)SubcoolingtofinalstageTemp.
LoadduetoBeltconveyor/other
Mechanisminfreezer
FanmotorloadincaseofAirBlast
Freezer(kW)
Totalload
Safetyfactor
TotalRefrigerationLoad(kW)
NOTE1:Separatesheetsbesubmittedfordifferentfreezers.
NOTE 2: A good order of magnitudeestimate of totalRefrigerationload for IQFis 155
kWofRefrigeration/MTofproduct/hour.Incaseofsmallfreezersthecapacitymaybe
1015%higher.
PackagingMaterialsofFrozenFoods
Packaging materials of frozen foods impose special requirements. Selection of these
materialsshouldincludeconsiderationoftheirintendedproductuseandstorageperiod.
Thesematerialsshouldresistwatervapourpermeabilityfromcondensationoccurringas
aresultoffrozenfoodsurfacesbeingaffectedbycoldersurfacesinfreezersandstorage
rooms. These packaging materials should be strong, have a degree of flexibility, or
should not be completely filled. Materials also should protect against light and air
penetration. Vacuum packaging or gas flushing will when chosen, act to retard
deteriorationofcertainproducts.

FoodSafetySystems
Food safety and quality in agricultural food products is maintained throughout the food
continuum, including primary producers, processors and other partners such as
transporters, distributors, retailers including restaurants and even manufacturers of
packagingmaterialsandice.
It was designed to encourage the establishment and maintenance of Hazard Analysis
CriticalControlPoint(HACCP)basedsystemsinregisteredagriculturalfoodprocessing
establishments.
The food industry sector already has developed generic models for many commodities
includingonespecifictocoldstorage/freezerfacilities(meat,nonmeat,food,nonfood).
ThismodelisbasedonHACCP,usingthisapproachtofullycontrolhazards(biological,
chemicalandphysical)withprerequisiteprograms,andwhennecessary,CriticalControl
Points(CCP).
Anindustry/governmentstandardof()18C(0F)orcolderhasbeenadopted.Stored
andtransportedproductideallyshouldbeat()18C(0F)orcolder.
Temperaturecontrolisnottheonlyfactorthatinfluencesthesafetyoffoodsthroughout
itsjourneyalongthecontinuum.Eachsector,frommanufacturer,warehouse,distributor,
transportertoretailer,ischargedwiththeresponsibilityofadheringtoandusingproper
handling techniques. These are comprised of codes of practice, good manufacturing
practices, codes of hygiene, and acceptable industry practices where no legislation
exists.

SECTION2
TypicalDesignParameters&Layoutforfoodfreezing&StoragePlant
1) PlantLocation
2) Outsidedrybulbtemp
3) Outsidewetbulbtemp
4) Powersupply
5) ControlPowersupply
6) Productreceivingsystem covered/container
7) Producttemperatureatthetimeofloading
8) Storagesystem
9) Typeofproducts
10)Sizeofproduct,mm&Weight,kg
11)Typeofprocessingbeforefreezing
12)TypesofFreezers
13)Estimatedtimeoffreezingperbatchforbatchfreezers
14)Estimatedfreezingcapacityperhourforcontinuousfreezers
15)Producttemperaturebeforefreezing
16)Finaltemperatureafterfreezing
17)Typeofsizeofpackagesforstorage
18)NooffrozenfoodstorageDeepFreeze
19)Chambersizes&theircapacities
20)LoadingRate%ofstoragecapacity
21)Designstoragetemperaturewithtolerance
22)ProcessHall
23)DesignConditions
a. DBTemperature
b. RH
24)PackingHall
a. DBTemperature
b. RH
25)AnteRoom
26)Dock
27)Compressorrunninghoursduringpeakseasonhoursperday
28)Compressorrunninghourduringholdinghoursperday
OTHERCONSIDERATIONS

Heatloadincaseofbatchfreezersshallbedoneonthebasisofbatchduration.
Theheatloadin caseofcontinuousfreezersshallbedoneonperhourbasis.
Theairvelocityintheairblastfreezersshallbeintherangeof5m/sto10perm/s.
Thefreezingloadincaseofmostproductswouldbeintherangeof110to116
w/kgofproduct.Howeverproperloadcalculationshouldbedoneforeachtypeof
product&freezingsystem.

TYPICAL DESIGN PARAMETERS AND LAYOUT OF FOOD FREEZING AND

STORAGEPLANT

PartIITechnicalStandardNoNHBFrozenFoodStorage&Systems
IntegratedtoReeferTransport
SECTION1
1. THENEEDFORFREEZINGANDFROZENSTORAGE
Freezinghasbeensuccessfullyemployedforthelongtermpreservationofmanyfoods,
providing a significantly extended shelf life. The process involves lowering the product
temperaturegenerallyto18Corbelow.Thephysicalstateoffoodmaterialischanged
whenenergyisremovedbycoolingbelowfreezingtemperature.Theextremecoldsimply
retardsthegrowthofmicroorganismsandslowsdownthechemicalchangesthataffect
qualityorcausefoodtospoil.
2. FROZENFOODSTORES
Therearenumberofcommoditieswhichhavetobeprocessedandfrozenforpreserving
themforlongperiodsoftime.TheseincludeGreenPeas,Corn,Okra(LadiesFingers),
mixed vegetables, Mango Pulp & Slices, Pineapple Slices, Tomato Puree etc. Other
itemsareicecream,butter,fishandmeatproducts.Thefrozenfoodstoresaregenerally
designed for a temperature () 20 BC to 2 BC for most foods but for items like ice
creamlowertemperatureintherangeof()25BCto()30BCarespecified.
Thefrozenfoodstoresare,normally,apartofthefoodprocessingandfreezingcomplex.
However they could be set up as a part of multipurpose cold store or as independent
unitstoofferfacilitiesforstorageofproducts,alreadyfrozenatthefoodfreezingplants.
3.STORAGETEMPERATURECHART

PRODUCT

STORAGE
TEMP;0C

RELATIVE
HUMIDITY,%

APPROXIMATE
STORAGELIFEA

FrozenFish

()30to()20

90to95

6to12month

Beef,Frozen

()20

90to95

6to12month

PorkFrozen

()20

90to95

4to8month

Poultry,frozen

()20

90to95

12month

Butterfrozen

()23

70to85

12to20month

()30to()25

90to95

3to23month

Icecream,10%fat

LambFrozen

()20

90to95

8to12month

HamFrozen

()20

90to95

6to8month

FrozenFruit&Veg.
Products

()18to()20

6to9month

Readytoeatfoods

()18to()20

6to9month

4.THERMALINSULATION
Thermal Insulationarematerialsorcombinationofmaterialsthatproperlyappliedretard
the flow of heat energy by conductive, convective and / or radioactive transfer modes.
Thesematerialscanbeparticulate,filmorsheetblockormonolithic,openorclosedcell
orcompositesofthesematerialsthatcanbechemicallyboundorsupported.
FUNCTIONSOFINSULATION:
1. Conserve energy by reducing heat loss or gain through Freezer enclosures, Cold
Storestructures,equipmentandpiping.
2. Help control the temperature of a chemical process, a piece of equipment or a
structure.
3. Prevent transmission of moisture / vapour from the surroundings to the Cold
interiors.
4. Reducetemperaturefluctuationswithinanenclosurewhenheatingorcoolingisnot
neededoravailable.
INSULATIONMATERIALS
There are various types of insulation materials used for insulating freezer enclosures,
coldstoresanddeepfreezers,vessels,pipingetc.Theseareasfollows:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)

ExpandedPolystyrene(EPS)
FireretardantEPS
PolyurethaneFoam(PUF)/Polyisocyanurate(PIR)
ExtrudedPolystyrene(XPS)
Polyethylene
NitrileRubber
EPDM(EthylenePropyleneDieneMonomer

Outofthesea,b,c&dareusedforinsulatedenclosures,coldstoresanddeepfreezers.
The current practice is to use sandwich insulated panels with PUF / PIR / EPS / XPS
coreinsulation.

DENSITYANDTHERMALCONDUCTIVITIESOFINSULATIONMATERIALS

TypeOf
insulation

Material

RelevantIScode

Density(min)
Kg/m3

K
(at100 c)
w/mK

18

0.036

38

0.023

32

0.025

50

0.026

IS13204

Expanded
Polyurethane
(EPS)
Rigid
Polyurethane
(PUF)
Extruded
Polystyrene
(XPS)
Phenolicfoam

IS4671

IS12436

RECOMMENDEDOVERALLHEATTRANSMISSION COEFFICIENTSFORFREEZER
ENCLOSURE,FROZENFOODSTORE&OTHERCOLDSPACES ASPERIS661
2000.

Max.UValue,W/sq.m.K
Intermediate
Walls/ceilings

OperationalTemp.Range
(deg.C)

ExposedWalls (oneitherside,or
doublethickness
forsandwich panel
/similarInsulation)

Roofs

Floors

()40to()30(*)

0.13

0.4

0.11

0.17

()30to()20

0.17

0.47

0.14

0.2

()20to()15

0.21

0.47

0.17

0.23

()15to()4

0.23

0.47

0.21

0.27

()4to2

0.27

0.58

0.24

0.29

2to10

0.35

0.93

0.29

0.47

10to16

0.47

0.93

0.28

0.64

16&above

1.28

1.47

1.05

1.63

(*) Thesefigureshavebeenextrapolated.

MINIMUMINSULATIONTHICKNESSFORVARIOUSINSULATIONMATERIALS
BASEDONRECOMMENDEDUVALUESFOR ()30 TO ()40OC TEMPERATUREFOR
FREEZERS/STORES.

TypeOf
insulation

Material

P
K
Density (at100
Kg/m3
c)
w/mK

Wall

Ceiling/
Floor
roof
Uvalue=
Uvalue=
0.29W/m2K
2K
ExternalU Partition 0.24W/m
value=
Uvalue=
0.27w/m2K 0.58w/m2
K
Thickness Thicknes Thickness Thickness
mm
smm
mm
mm

EPS

15

0.036

275

100

300

200

PUF

38

0.023

175

60

200

150

XPS

3035

0.025

200

75

225

150

50

0.026

200

75

225

150

Phenolic
foam**

MINIMUMINSULATIONTHICKNESSFORVARIOUSINSULATIONMATERIALS
BASEDONRECOMMENDEDUVALUESFOR ()20 TO ()30OC TEMPERATUREFOR
FROZENFOODSTORES.

TypeOf
insulation

Material

Wall

P
K
Density (at100
Kg/m3
c)
w/mK

Ceiling/
Floor
roof
Uvalue=
Uvalue=
0.29W/m2K
2K
ExternalU Partition 0.24W/m
value=
Uvalue=
0.27w/m2K 0.58w/m2
K
Thickness Thicknes Thickness Thickness
mm
smm
mm
mm

EPS

15

0.036

200

100

250

175

PUF

38

0.023

150

60

175

125

XPS

3035

0.025

150

60

175

125

50

0.026

150

60

175

125

Phenolic
foam**

PIPEINSULATION

ForpipinginsulationwithPUF/PIR&EPSmaterialsthefollowingtablesmaybe
referredto:

Polyurathane(PUF)/PolyisocyanurateFoam(PIR)InsulationThickness
for Pipes
(38OCAmbientTemperature)
Nominal
pipesize,
mm
15

PipeOperatingTemperature,OC
+5

20

30

40

50

25

40

40

50

50

65

20

25

40

50

50

65

65

25
25
40
40
40
40
50
40
40
65
40
40
75
40
50
100
40
50
125
40
50
150
50
65
200
50
65
250
50
65
Ref:ASHRAERefrigerationHandbook

50
50
50
50
65
65
65
75
75
75

50
50
65
65
75
75
75
75
90
90

65
65
75
75
75
90
90
90
100
100

65
65
75
75
90
90
100
100
115
115

PolystyreneFoam(EPS)InsulationThickness for Pipes

(38OCAmbientTemperature)
PipeOperatingTemperature,OC

Nominal
pipesize,
mm
15

+5

20

30

40

50

40

50

65

65

65

75

20

40

50

65

65

75

75

25
40
50
40
50
50
50
50
65
65
50
65
75
65
75
100
65
75
125
65
75
150
65
90
200
65
75
250
75
90
Ref:ASHRAERefrigerationsHandbook

65
65
75
75
90
90
90
90
115
115

75
75
75
75
90
100
100
115
115
125

75
75
90
90
100
115
115
115
125
140

90
90
100
100
115
115
125
125
140
150

METHODOFAPPLICATION
ForConventionalInsulation
Walls&Ceiling
1. PrimerCoatfollowedbytwolayersofbitumen
2. Fixingaluminiumfoilmin.50microns
3. Fixingwoodenpegsatsuitableintervals
4. Fixingtwolayersofinsulationwithstaggeredjoints
5. FixingG.Ssheetrunnersoverthepegsinlongitudinal&lateraldirections
6. Fixingprofiled&precoatedG.S.sheets,0.5/0.6mmthickovertherunnerswith
properfinishingofjoints.AlternativelyFRPsheetscanbeused.
Floor
1.Layingofpolythenesheet,min.250microns,asvapourbarrier
2.Fixinginsulationslabsintwolayerswithbitumenasadhesiveforthefirstlayer
3.Coveringwithtarfelt
4.LayingPCC/tremixof75mm/100mmthickness/withEpoxy/otherfloorfinish.
ForInsulatedPanelStructure
Walls&Ceiling
1. Perimeteroftheplinthtobeinlevelforpanelinstallation
2. Panelstohavecamlockortongue/grovejoints
3. Sheetmetalflashingtobeprovidedonallconcrete/wallceilingjointsinternally&
externally.PVCcovingorconcretecurbingtobeprovidedonwallfloorjoints.
4. Horizontal Tie bracings to be provided between vertical wall panels & external
columns,totakecareofwindloads
5. Adequate numbers of Pressure relief ports to be provided on all chambers with
electricalconnection
6. Insulateddoorsshallbesuitableforpanelmounting

UNDERFLOORHEATING
Consideringthepossibilityoffreezingofsubsoilwaterunderthefloor(phenomenon
called frost hieve), it is necessary to provide under floor heating in one of the
followingways.
a)
b)
c)

ProvidingAirventpipesinwarmerclimatezones.
Providingpipingnetworkforcirculationofheatedglycol.
Providingelectricalheattracingwithtemperaturecontrol.

NOTE: Ventpipesshouldhaveendsprovidedwithcleanablemeshcovers.Pipesshould
belaidwithproperslopefordrainingcondensate,whichmaybeformedinthepipes.

TYPICALVIEWOFUNDERFLOORVENTPIPES

VAPORRETARDER

INSULATION
INSULATION

ROOFSUPPORTSTEEL

COUSHION
CLOSURE

VAPORRETARDER

TRUCK
DOCK

FREEZER

REFRIGERETED
TRUCK

VAPOR
RETARDER
FLOOR
SLAB

FLOORINSULATION

HEATINGPIPES/COILS

HORIZONTALSLIDING
FREEZERDOOR

VERTICALSLIDING
DOCKDOORS

STACKINGARRANGEMENT
FrozenFoodstorescanbeconstructedfordifferentproductloadingpractices.e.g.
1) Multifloorstoresformanualloading/unloading.
2) Singlefloorstoreswithracksforpalletizedloading/unloadingbothstationaryand
mobilerackcanbedonewithforklifttrucks.
3) Single floor structure with racks for Semi manual operation with reach in type
orderpickers.
CONSTRUCTIONFEATURES
Construction Features The general convention of conventional construction is as
follows:
Foundation:SuperstructureandFoundation(whichmaybeconventionalFootingType,
Pile Foundation, Raft Foundation etc) to be designed by qualified &
licensedstructural/civilengineer.ThedesignshallmeettheBISstandards
andrelevantseismiczonenormsforearthquakeproofdesigns.
ColdChamber:
Walls

Minimum 230 mm Brick walls / solid concrete blocks with sandcement

plaster. However, in RCC structure or prefabricated structure insulated
panelboardsmayalsobeprovidedinplaceofmasonrywalls.

Roof

RCC slabs or Truss Roof with G.S / Precoated G.S.Sheet cover. RCC
slab to have proper water proofing with reflective colour paint / China
mosaicfinish.Slabtohaveproperslopeforrainwaterdrainage.
Incaseoftrussroof,provisiontobemadeforfixinginsulatedpanelsonthe
ceiling & supporting ofcoolingunitsfrom the trusses(alternatively cooling
unitscanbesupportedonfloormountedframestructureontopfloor).
ProvisionforFRPsheetsfornaturallightingtobemadeinroofsheetingat
certainlocations.Forventilationofattic,provisionofridgemonitororturbo
ventilators(whichrequirenoelectricpower)canbemade.Alternativelyroof
canalsobedesignedbyinstallinginsulatedroofpanelswithproperslope&
sealing of longitudinal & lateral joints. The work to be handled by
experiencedagenciestoensureatroublefreeroofstructure.Theroofmay
bekeptwalkableformaintenance.

Floor

The floor comprises of base concrete, in cold stores with suitably lower
levels incoldchambers. Thelevel difference betweencoldchambers and
ante room to be equal tothe thickness offloor insulation plusthe layer of
PCCortremixfinish.

Interfloors ThebasicstructurecanbeRCCcolumns&beamsorsteelcolumns&steel
beams
Grating

Woodenbatten gratingorsteel grating using flats /square tubes etc.The

interfloors have to be designed for a product loading of 900 kg/m2 min.
WhereACunitsarelocatedontopfloor,thestructurehastobesuitablefor
theunitstatic&dynamicloads.

AnteRoom In case of Multifloor stores, Anteroom should preferably be designed to

accommodate staircase, electrical hoist cage and have wider doors.
Provision for fire escapestair &exits to bemade asper local norms.The
interfloorsinanteroomtohavedoorstoeachcoldroomoneachfloor.
Strip curtains for cold rooms and Air Curtains for external outlets/ inlets Strip
curtains are quite common for reducing infiltration of air during loading/
unloading. Air curtains need power for operation but are more effective if
properlyinstalled.
Rodentproofcivilstructureandproperdrainageofwatertobeensured.
Roomsformachines,Electricalsetc.
Dock

Loading & unloadingdockshall bedesigned with RCC slab roof or sheet

roofing. However the machine roof can have RCC slabroof to
accommodate the evaporative condensers, pump sets, water tank, water
softener etc. Thedock area to accommodatesuitably sized office & toilet for
staff&labour.

InsulatedDoors Thefreezerandfrozenfoodstorecanbeswingorslidingtype.The
doors shall have heating element on all sides. Water floor heatingshould
be provided on the front side of the door. The heaters should have
automatictemperaturecontrolandshouldbelowvoltagetype.Allthedoor
hardwareshallberustandcorrosionproof.
Ancillaries Underground fresh water storage, storage for fire fighting, water supply &
sanitaryarrangements,compoundwall/fencing,maingate,security,small
canteen/electricalsubstation&D.G.setplatform,roads&parkingplace
forvehiclesetc.Greenlandscapingwithbenchesforlabourersisdesirable.

8.REFRIGERATIONSYSTEMSELECTION
AlltheRefrigerationsystemforFrozenFoodStoresoperateatevaporatingtemperature
intherangeof()25Cto()30C.
a. COMPRESSORSYSTEM
Thesystemrequiresatwostagerefrigerationplantofoneofthefollowingtypes:
a) CombinationofLowandHighCompressor
b) Compound(twostage)Compressor
c) Cascadesystem
ProvisionofstandbyCompressorisdesirableespecially,incaseoflargerplants.
The Compressors can be Reciprocating or Screw type. The Reciprocating
Compressors shall have capacity control in steps or through VFD. The Screw
Compressor should preferably have step less capacity control. The energy
efficiencyoftheCompressorsisthemostimportantfactorfortheselectionofthe
Compressors.
NOTE:
For evaporating temperatures below () 30C CO2 / NH3 cascade refrigeration system
canbeconsidered.
2. TYPESOFCONDENSERS
Condenserscanbe:
a) EvaporativeCondenser
b) AtmosphericCondenser
c) ShellandTube/PHECondenserwithcoolingtowersforwatercooling.
d) AirCooledCondenserstobeusedforHFCsystemsincasesoftwaterisnot
available.CondenserAirPrecoolingsystemshouldbeincorporatedalongwith
Aircooledcondensersforenergysaving.
Waterneedstobesoftqualityforwhichwatersofteninghastobeinstalledfor
themakeupwater.TheCondensershouldbeselectedforthelowestpossible
Condensing temperature. Generally, a condensing temperature of 38C (or
lower,ifpossible)isrecommended.
Evaporative condensers offer better energy efficiency as compared to other
types.
3. TYPESOFAIRCOOLINGUNITS
TheaircoolingunitusedinAirBlastFreezingsystemsshallhavefinnedcoils
andheavydutyaxialflowfans.TheAirCoolingunitsshallbeeitherlocatedon
thefloororoverheaddependingonthefreezerdesign.

AmmoniacoilsaretypicallyMShotdipgalvanisedorSS/aluminiumtubeswith
Aluminium fins.The coolingunits for HFCrefrigerants havecoils withcopper
tubesandaluminiumfins.CoilswithAluminiumtubesandAluminiumfinscan
alsobeused.Thefinspacingonthesecoilsshouldbeintherangeof8mm
12mm.Acombinationoffinspacingsinthisrangecanalsobeusedoverthe
coildepth.
4. AIRPURGER(MANUALORAUTOMATIC)
It is desirable to remove air and other non condensable gases from the refrigeration
circuit to keep the compressor head pressures lower and also improve heat transfer
coefficients.
LIQUIDFEED
Theliquidfeedcanbe
a) DirectExpansionIncaseofHFCsystem
b) GravityfeedIncaseofAmmoniasystem
c) Refrigerantpumprecirculation(Overfeed)IncaseofAmmonia/HFC
TheDirectExpansionsystemresultsinabout20%lowercapacityoffreezing.
DEFROSTING
Defrostingsystemcanbeofthefollowingtypes:
a) WaterDefrosting
b) HotgasDefrosting
c) OffCycleDefrosting((Betweenshifts)
5. TESTINGANDCOMMISSIONINGTHESYSTEM
Installation, Testing & Commissioning should be carried out as per BIS standards.
ASHRAEstandardsmaybereferredtoasguidelinesbutnotmandatory.
6. EQUIPMENTDERATINGATHIGHERAMBIENT
A designer should match the loads with the derated equipment capacity at higher
ambientconditions.

GENERALSPECIFICATIONSFORREFRIGERATIONSYSTEM
BriefSpecificationsforEquipment/Materials/Services
i.

RefrigerationCompressors&Motors

CompressorArrangement

Type

A combination of low stage and high stage

compressors or compound compressors. Standby
compressorpreferredincaseoflargerunits.Incase
of HFC refrigerant two stage compressors or rack
systemcanbeused.Singlestagecompressorscan
alsobeusedincaseofscrewcompressors
For ammonia as refrigerant, reciprocating, multi
cylinder complete with watercooled head / jackets,
withaccessories like oil separators,capacity control
& unloaded start. Alternatively screw compressor,
open type with accessories can be provided. For
HFC,reciprocating./scroll/screwcanbeprovided.
If Air cooled cylinder heads are to be used for low
stage compressors adequate ventilation should be
providedfortheplantroom.

Capacityatcriticaloperating TobeconfiguredinkW
conditions
To be configured in kW, RPM, type of insulation,
EstimatedMotorrating
InputACpowersupply
ii.EvaporativeCondenserforAmmonia/HFC:
Coilsection

Fansection

Watersumptank
Otherprovisions
Unitcasing

Hot dip galvanised M.S. pipes / CDW Boiler

qualitytubes/S.S.304tubes
With2/3AxialFlowFanswithCastAluminium/
S.S / GRP impellers, complete with TEFC Sq.
cage motors, Class F insulation & IP55
protection
S.S.304/M.S.Epoxycoatedwithnecessary
connections
Water spray arrangement, air inlet grilles,
eliminatorsofsuitabledesign
with removable G.S sheet panels & inspection
windowsetc.

Estimated
Heat
rejection
capacity
TobeconfiguredinKW
at 38 deg C condensing & and
applicableWBtemp
SuggestedStandard

ARIStd490

AirCooled/WaterCooledCondenserforHFC.
Capacity

TobeconfiguredinKW

Size

Tobefurnished

iii.)GasandLiquidIntercooler
GasIntercoolerandLiquidSubcooler

M.S. Construction with gas inlet and

outletconnections,liquidsubcoolingcoil
and liquid injection connection to be
provided.

iv.H.P.ReceiverforAmmonia/HFC:
HorizontalReceivercomplete

With necessary connections, reflex type

levelgaugeetc.

Capacity

Tobeconfigured

MaterialofConstruction

Boilerqualitysteelplates

Quantity

2 Nos. (Two Nos. are suggested in case

some States regulations call for Pressure
testing of high pressure vessels on a
periodicbasis)

SuggestedStandard

ANSI/ARI495/BISCodeIS2825

v.AirCoolingUnitsforFrozenFoodStores.
a)Finnedcoolingcoil

M.O.C

Finspacing

Coil design to besuitable for gravity feed /pump re

circulation/overfeed system for ammonia & DX
operationforHFCasperdesign
Hot dip galvanised coil with M.S. pipes CDW Boiler
quality tubes ASTM A 214 with MS fins / S.S.304
tubes &Aluminium fins / Aluminium Tubes &
Aluminiumfinswithproperbondingsystemwithbullet
drawnexpansion/equivalentexpansionforAmmonia
ForHFC/HCFCcoilswithcoppertubes&aluminium
finsoraluminiumtubeswithaluminiumfinswithbullet
drawnorequivalentexpansionmaybeused.
Inrangeof8to12mminstepsinthecoildepth.

b)AxialFlowfans

With cast aluminium / S.S. / FRP impellers, with

variablepitch, TEFC Squirrelcage motors withclass
Finsulation,IP55protection

c)Accumulator

Vertical / horizontal with necessary connections (in

caseofgravityfeedunits)forAmmonia

d)Unitcasing

G.S. sheetduly painted, drain pan ofG.S /M.S with

epoxypaint

e)Defrostingarrangement

Water/Hotgas/Air

f)Electricalheattracing

Drainpan,Drainpipe,Fancasing

Unitcapacities
Numberperchamber

Tobeconfigured

Estimatedcapacityeachat
Tobeconfigured
criticaloperatingconditions
Estimatedcoilsurfacearea Tobeconfigured
Estimatedairflowcapacity
withadequateexternal
staticpressure

Tobeconfigured

vi.RefrigerantPiping,Fittings&Valves
Piping
Interconnectingpipingbetween
compressor,condenser,receiverand
coolingunits

M.S.blackpipingconformingtoIS1239/
ASTM A Gr.106B for 40 NB & smaller
sizes / ASTM A Gr.53B for 50 NB &
largersizesincaseofammoniaplants.
ForLowtemprefrigerantlinebelow()30
Deg C upto () 45 Deg C SA 333 Gr 1,
Grade6tobeused.ForAmmoniafittings
shallbeofforgedsteel.ForHFC/HCFC,
hardCopperpipingtypeL
Pipingasper.
ANSIguidelinesandpressurevesselsas
per BIS Code IS 2825). Reference to
ASHRAEB31.5recommended.

vii.WaterPiping,Fittings&Valves

Pipingshallbeusedfor

PipingtobeG.IclassBorsizesupto65
NB & M.S. black pipe conforming to IS
1239.

a.Condenserwatercirculation
b.Compressorcooling
c.Defrosting

Valves up to 40 NB to be Gate / Globe

type.

d.Drainlines

Valves50NB/largertobebutterflytype.

viii.WaterPumpsets
Waterflowcapacitytotakecareof
condenserwaterflow&compressor
head/jacketcooling

At least 2 nos. operational during peak

loadand1nostandby

Capacity

Tobeconfigured

ix.Thermalinsulationforrefrigerantpipingetc.

Materialforinsulationforrefrigerant
suctionline,accumulatorsetc.

a. EPSpipesection
b. PUFpipesection
With0.6mmAluminiumor0.5mm
G.S.precoatedsheetcladding
c. Nitrile Rubber / EPDM / chemically
cross linked polyethylene pipe
section / other acceptable
materials with woven glass cloth
with UV treated pigmented epoxy
Coating

x.Controls.

Temperaturecontrol

Temp Indicators cum controllers for

individual
freezers
and
chambers.
Temperature scanners and a centralized
temperatureindicationinmachineroom

Refrigerantflowcontrols

Liquidlevelcontrols,solenoidvalvesetc.

DefrostControlsforautomatic
defrostingifrequired

Recommended in case of continuous

freezersanddeepfreezechambers.

PLCcontrolsystems

Foroverallcontrolofvariousparameters

Note. Location for installing the sensors will depend on site conditions and stacking
patternetc.ThereforeProgrammableLogicControllers(PLC)isrecommendedforlarge
unitswiththedisplaypointinthemanagerscabin.
xi.Installation,Testing&Commissioning
Theplant shallbe installed, tested &
commissioned as per IS 660 /
ASHRAE.Std15.

Installation

GeneralNotes:
1. Incaserefrigerantpumpingsystem(overfeedsystem)isuseditwillincorporatethe
followingcomponents.
a. Centralised L.Preceiver
b. Refrigerantpumpsincludingstandby
c. Refrigerantflow&safetycontrols
d. Interconnectingpipingbothsupply&returnlinesshallbeinsulated.Inthis
case the individual accumulators for AC units & level controls etc. are not
required.
ELECTRICALINSTALLATIONS
PowerFactornotlessthan0.95
Transformerofminimumrequiredcapacity

i.Substationwithadequaterating
Substationwitharatingadequate
capacity

a. Step down transformer suitable for

incoming H.T. voltage / 415 V as per IS
2026/otherapplicablestandards
b.Twopole/fourpolestructureasperlocal
requirements
c. Outdoor type metering cubicle with
approvedmeter,CTs/PTsetc.
d.Earthlingstationasperrequirement
e. Switchyard fencing with gates as per
ElectricalBoardrequirements

ii.D.G.Setforstandbypower

D.G.setcompletewithaccessories
andwithweatherproofandnoiseproof
canopyasperlocalpollutioncontrol
norms

Estimated Rating: as per design. One

big for pull down period and one small
forholdingperiodmaybeused.Theuse
ofDieselenginesoncompressorsisleft
tothepromotertoassessbutkeepingin
viewoverallCOPoftheplant.

Iii.Mainpowerdistributionpanel
Main power distributionpanel with changeover facility for normal electricsupply &D.G.
setsupply.Withongoingfeedersforvariouselectricalpanels.
Iv.Electricpanels
a.Refrigeration
b.Lighting,Electrichoist,Fans
c.APFC(automaticpowerfactor
correction)panel
d.Watersupply,firefightingetc.

Electricpanelsfor

V.Power&Controlcablingetc
Aluminiumarmouredcablesformain
PowerandControlcabling,earthingetc power lines & equipment lines &
forvariouselectricalcircuits
copper conductors for lighting,
controlwiringetc.
i. Lighting

Lightingin
a.Freezers,ProcessHalls,
PackingRoom,anteroom,
Dockandoutsideareas.
b.Otherareas
c.Outsideareas

Forfreezer&frozenfoodstoresS.V.Lamps
/LEDLamps.
FormediumtempcoldstoresCFL/LEDwith
vapourprooffittings.
Forprocess/otherareasT5typeTL/
CFL/LEDLamps.

SAFETYMEASURES
Provisionforhandlingaccidental
leakageofammonia

Ammonia sensors at proper places

and Machine room near ACUs &
machineroom

Fireprotection

Emergencylightingsystem

Emergencyalarmsystem

Emergency ventilation for machine

room
Safetyreleaseofrefrigeranttowater
sump
Ammoniamasks
Firstaidkit
Instructions
for
handling
emergencies.
Resettable dual safety valves for all
pressurevessels.
ProvisionforFaceWashing
Quick oil drain valve on receivers
andotherequipment.
Fire sensors in suitable places and
machinerooms&machineroom.
Dry & water based fire fighting
systemsasperspecsbelow.
Sprinklersforhighpressureandlow
pressurereceivers.
May besolarPV cells with batteries
&controller
To be provided with switches near
all cold store doors and alarms
locatedincommonpublicareas

Lightningarrestorsforthebuildingasperlocalregulations

FireFighting
a)DryType
Fire fighting equipment necessary i)Drychemicalpowdertype5.0KgCap
for extinguishing liquid, solid and with ISI Mark Fire Extinguisher
electricalfire:
completewithwallmountingbracket.
ii) Carbon DiOxide (CO2) type 4.5 Kg.
Capacity Fire Extinguisher complete
withwallmountingbracket.
iii')G.I.FireBuckets
iv)M.S.StandforFireBuckets

b)Waterbased(mandatoryiflocalcodesoprescribes)

Systemshallcompriseof

i)2setsofWatersupplypumps.
ii)2setsFirefightingpumps
iii) G.I. piping, class C with necessary fittings &
valves
iv)RubberHosereel
v)CanvasHosepipe
vi)M.S.Fabricatedhoseboxwithkey
vii) any other requirements as per local fire
officer.

CoefficientofPerformance(COP)Foroptimumenergyefficiencytheplantshouldbe
selectedwithbestpossibleCOP.
Operation & Maintenance Plant design must be accompanied by Operation &
MaintenanceManualforplantoperatorwhichshouldcoverfollowingpointsinEnglishas
wellasHindilanguages
No.ofoperatinghours
Trainingofoperators
Monitoring&controltemperature,humidity,CO2
Doorsealscheckingmethods
Maintenanceofequipment/coldstore
Hygieneissues
Variation/amendmentClause
The standards prescribed above are not intended to prevent or discourage variations
arising out of new concepts, innovations and R & D in building design & construction,
thermalinsulationandcooling&refrigerationtechnologyetc.However,anyvariationsor
deviations from the above prescribed standardsmust be supported by scientific /
technicaldetailsforpriorapprovalofthecompetentauthority,onthebasisofmeritwho
may decide the proposal in view of relevant technical details including critical storage
requirements,energy efficiency (coefficient of performance),availability of Standards,
environmental concerns, safety etc. Similarly, periodic amendment of standards for
general application may also be undertaken by the National Horticulture Board in
consultationwithacommitteeofsubjectmatterexpertsdulyconstitutedforthispurpose.

REFRIGERATIONSYSTEMSLOADCALCULATIONS
TotalRefrigerationLoadHeatLoadCalculation
Procedureforloadcalculation
Procedures laid out byASHRAE Fundamentals and Refrigeration handbooksmay
be followed. ASHRAE refrigeration handbook elaborates a more traditional
approach. Thus, based on the overall impact/ sensitivity of important parameters,
someestimatescanbemade.Designersalsotendtotakeasafetyfactorof510%
ontheestimatedloads.
Ambientconditions
0.4%annualdesignconditionsofthatlocationasperASHRAE/ISHRAEdatamay
be used for holding period. For the loading and pull down periods, 0.4% design
conditionsforthosemonthsmaybetaken.
TheRefrigerationloadforfreezingshallinclude
f) TheTransmissiongainsthroughthewalls/ceiling/floor
g) ThefanmotorloadofACUnits.
h) Loadsduetomaterialhandlingequipment.
i) Productcoolingloadifany.
j) Airchangeload.
k) Loadduetoworkmen.
ProductIncomingtemperature
ItdependsontheprocessfollowedandtheChilling/Precoolingmethod.Generally
theproduct temperatures enteringthestorage may bein therange of ()15 to ()
18Corlower.
FinalProductTemperature
Unlessotherwisespecifiedthefinalcoretemperatureoftheproductafter
freezingcanbeconsideredas()18DegC.Howeverinsomecasesthe
processorsspecifylowertemperaturesof()23to()25DegC.
ProductLoad
Theproductloadinthestorageshallcompriseof
a) The load during cooling of product from incoming temperature upto storage
temperature.

HeatLoadCalculationofCoolingSystemSummary
HeatLoadCalculationsSummaryfor FrozenFoodStores
AmbientConditions
Temperature(C)
RH%
FrozenStoreTempOC
IncomingProductTemp
ProcessingHallConditionsDBtemp
CRH%
TransmissionLoadKW
ProductloadincludingSubcoolingto
finalstageTemp(kW)
Loadduetomaterialhandling
equipment.(kW)
Airchangeload.(kW)
Loadduetoworkmen.(kW)
FanmotorforACUs(kW)
Totalload (kW)
Safetyfactor%
TotalRefrigerationLoad(kW)
NOTE1:Separatesheetsbesubmittedfordifferentfreezers.

SECTION2

TypicalDesignParameters&LayoutforFrozenFood&StoragePlant
1. PlantLocation
2. Outsidedrybulbtemp
3. Outsidewetbulbtemp
4. Powersupply
5. ControlPowersupply
6. Productreceivingsystem ReeferVans/Containers
7. Producttemperatureatthetimeofloading
8. Storagesystem
9. Typeofproducts
10. Typeofsizeofpackagesforstorage
11. NooffrozenfoodstorageChambers
12. Chambersizes&theircapacities
13. LoadingRate%ofstoragecapacity
14. AnteRoomDesignTemp0C
15. DockDesignTemp0C
16. Compressorrunninghoursduringpeakseasonhoursperday
17. Compressorrunninghourduringholdinghoursperday.

OTHERCONSIDERATIONS

Ideally, there should not be any product cooling load in Frozen Food stores.
However,duetotransportandhandlingofproductbeforestorage,manytimesthe
products arrive at temperatureof () 15 Cto () 16C. Considering thisload for
subcoolingofproductfromtheincomingtemperaturetostoragetemperaturehas
tobeconsidered.

DOCK

TYPICALLAYOUTOFFROZENFOODSTORAGE

MACHINE

BATTERY
CHARGING
TRUCK
DOCK

INDULATEDDOCKDOORS&
SEALPADS

OFFICE
AREA

RAMPUP

ROOM

SECTION3(CommonforPartI&II)
BASICDATASHEET
A.Identification
NameofFrozenFoodProject
LocationofPlant

Area/VillageTown

DistrictState
NameofPromoterCompany/Owner
Typeofcompany
(Proprietorship/Partnership/Pvt.Ltd.
Ltd)
PostaladdressofPromoter
Tel/FaxMob.No.Email.

Presentactivityinbrief
NameofCEO/MD
NameofManager/ContactPerson

Phone/MobileNo.

A. BasicFreezerDesignConsiderations
i)CommodityStorageRequirements
TypeofCommodities/Produce
Ideal/RecommendedStorage
Conditions
Typeofproducts
Sizesofproducts

Refrigerantdutyatthedesignoperating
conditions(kW)
EvaporatingTemp(DegC)
CondensingTemp(DegC)
Averageweights,kgofproducts
TypeofpackingMaterial,thickness
(mm,micron)
IncomingTemperature(DBinOC)
Finalproductcoretemp(DegC)
Period of Freezing (mins /
hours)
This
point
tobe
filled
in
only
for
IQF

Type of Freezer proposed

Plate/AirBlast/Batch/IQF
Capacity of freezer / batch (in
caseofbatchfreezer)
Capacity of freezer / hour (in
caseofcontinuousfreezer)
Total
Estimated
Capacityperday

Freezing

Power
requirement
for
belts/conveyor in the freezer
(kW)
Frozen Food Storage Facilities
provided
Sizeofthestores
No.ofstores
Estimatedstoragecapacity(MT)
Typeofstoragesystem
a) Multifloor

b) Singe0floorwithpalletloading
c) Racksystem
TypesofRacksSingle/Doubledeep/
drivein/driveout/mobile

iii)DeepFreezeChamberSizingandCapacity
No.ofchambers:
Two
Type:Mezzanine/Palletized Mezzanine
MaxHeightofBuilding
15.20Meter
Details

FFS1

FFS2

FFS3

FFS4

TotalCapacityofEach
DeepFreezeChamber
(MT)
InternalChamber
Dimensions
Lx BxH (m)
No.ofmezzaninefloors
XHeight(m)perfloor
Size&WeightofBagsor
Boxesbeingstored
TotalnumberofBags/Boxes
storedineachChamber

iv)AnteRoom&ProcessAreas
Details
AnteRoom
ProcessingArea
Receivingdock

Length(m)

Width(m)

Height(m)

Dispatchdock
PackingArea

v)MachineRoom&UtilityAreas
Details

Length(m)

Width(m)

Height(m)

MachineRoom
OfficeArea
Toilets&Changingrooms
Anyother(LabourRestRoom)

vi)Building&ConstructionDetails
Typeofconstruction: Civil/ PreengineeredBuilding

TypeofExternalwallsofcold
chambers
TypeofInternal/Partitionwalls
TypeofRoof/Ceiling
TypeofInternalstructure/
Racks
Typeofmezzaninegrating
TypesofLightingfixturesin
coldChambers
TypesofLightingfixturesin
Process&OtherAreas
Processhallconstructionandsanitaryfeatures
Pertaining
onlyfor
IQF

Therearevariousnational&internationalguidelinessuchasAPEDA,whicharetobe
followedforrelevantdetails.
WaterqualityusedforprocessingaswellasdefrostingodACUs/Freezersshouldbe
properlytreatedandpotable.

vii)InsulationandVaporBarrier
TypeofInsulation:InsulatingSheets/ MetalSkinCompositepanels
TypeofInsulation

Wall
External

Typeofmaterial
EPS /MetalSkin
PUFCompositePanels/XPS/
PUR,Others
RelevantISCode
Density (kg/m3)
ThermalConductivityat+10C
kvalue(W/m.K)
Thermaldiffusivitym2/h
Watervapourtransmission
rate,ng/Pa.sm,Max.g/m2
hhmm/g
Waterabsorptionafter24h
immersion,percentageby
mass.
RelevantISCodeofPractice
forThermalInsulationofCold
Store
TotalInsulationThickness
(mm)
No.oflayers&
Thickness/layer(mm)
Typeofvaporbarrier&
thickness(microns)
TypeofBituminous/Sticking
Compound

Ceiling/Roof Floor
Internal

TypeofCladding/
Covering/ExternalFinish
Locking/Fixing&Sealing
SystemincaseofMetalSkin
CompositePanels
Anyotherinfo

viii)Freezer/FrozenfoodstoreDoors&StripCurtains
TypeofInsulation

Details

No.OfInsulateddoors
Typehinged/sliding
InsulationMaterial
EPS/PUF/Others
ThicknessofInsulation(mm)
Typeofcladding
Sizeofdooropening
ProvisionofStripcurtains
nos.&overlap%
Aircurtains,ifany
Others
ix)MaterialHandling
ProposedPractice: Manual/SemiAutomated/Automated
Procedure
MaterialHandlingProcedures
&Equipments
CapofElectricElevator
Ratingofmotor(kW)

BriefDescription

TypeofliftingdevicesForklift
truck,Reachintruck
Capacityinkg
Liftingheight
Powerrequired
Anyotherdevice

x)Grading,SortingWashing&Packing/Preprocessing/Processing/DeboningLine
(optional)
ProposedPractice: Manual/SemiAutomated/Automated
Procedure

BriefDescription

ProcessLine
TotalConnectedElectrical
Load(kW)ofProcessinglines
Pleaseattach a Plan & Layoutof the proposed Cold Store unit in accordanceto
the Statutory Building ByLaws and BIS Building Codes & Standards duly
approvedbyaRegisteredArchitectandStructuralEngineer.Thedrawingsshould
detailoutinsulationtype,thickness,andfixingmethodologyinsectionaldetails.
Pleaseattachdetailedheatloadcalculationsheetsoftheproposedcoldstoreunit
in accordance to the prescribed Technical Standards and Guidelines duly
approvedbyaCertifiedEngineer.

D. CoolingSystemDesign&EquipmentSelection
i)CoolingSystemConfiguration
TypeofRefrigerant

Ammonia/HFC(Freon)/Others

TypeofSystem

DirectExp/GravityFeed/Overfeed

Typeofcompressor

Reciprocating / Screw /Scroll/Others

Typeofcapacitycontrol

AutomaticInsteps / Stepless

Typeofcondenser

Atmospheric/Evaporative/Shell&Tube/Plate
HeatExchanger/ Other

CoolingTowers(ifapplicable)

FRPInducedDraft/Others

Typeofcoolingcoil

Ceilingsuspended / FloorMounted/Others

Typeofdefrosting

Air/Water / Electric / Hotgas

HumidificationSystem&Control
(BriefDescription)

ii)CompressorDetail
CompressorNos. Comp.Operating
RefrigerationMotor TotalElectricRemarks
Make&
RPM Parameters Capacity
Rating.Power.(BkW)Working
Model
Evap.SST./
/Standby
Cond.Temp (KW)
(KW)
(OC)
iii)CondenserDetails
Condenser Nos
Operating
Condenser Electric Total
Parameters
Electric
.
Capacity
Make&
Fan
Cond.Temp.(SDT)/
Model
/Pump Power
in/outwater
(BkW)
(kW)
Motor
temp(OC)&flow
Rating
(lps)

Remarks
Working
/Standby

(kW)

iv)CoolingTowerDetails(ifapplicable)
Cooling Nos.
Operating
Cooling Fan&Pump Total
ParametersDB&
Tower
Capacity
Electric
Tower
WBTemp,in/out Capacity (CMH/LPS)& Power
Make&
watertemp(OC)
(KW)
Motor(kW) (BkW)
Model

Remarks
Working
/Standby

v)AirCoolingUnits(ACU)
Nos. Operating Cooling No.offansTotalAir
ACU
Parameters Capacity perACU Flow
Make&
Evap.(SST)
(CMH)&
Model
&TD*(OC) (kW)
ExtStatic
pressure
(mmwg)

Material Fin
Total
ofCoil spacingFan
Tubes
&Fins (mm) Electric
Power
(BKW)

(*) TD Temperature difference between Evap. (SST) OC & Return Air (at coil inlet).
Please attach Detailed Technical Data Sheets of each equipment namely
Compressors, Condensers, Cooling Towers, Air Cooling Units giving General
Layout, Dimensions, Material of Construction, Rated Capacity, Operating
Parameters and COP (please note that the Air Cooling Unit data sheet should
include heat transfer area, fin spacing, no. of rows, air flow, face velocity, fan
static, air throw, Fan Motor BKW/KW, fin spacing, etc ) duly Certified by the
respective equipment manufacturers with reference to the Relevant Codes &
Standards.

E. ElectricalInstallation
TotalConnectedload(kW)
Estimatedpowerrequirement
atPeakLoadPeriod(BkW)
Estimatedpowerrequirement
atHoldingLoadPeriod(BkW)
Estimatedpowerrequirement
atLeanLoadPeriod(BkW)
CapacityofTransformer(KVA)

SizeofCapacitorforpower
factorcorrection
Type:Manual/Automatic

Make&Capacityofstandby
D.G.Set(KVA)

F. SafetyProvisions
DetailsofFireFighting
equipment

SafetydevicesLP/HPcutouts,safetyvalves,
shutoffvalvesetc.
DetailsofEmergencyalarmsystem
&Pushbuttonsystemincoldchambers
EmergencylightinginColdchambers&other
essentialareaswithinverterbackup
Lighteningarrestorsasperlocalregulations
Facewashandeyeshowerprovisionnearthe
exitinsideoroutsidetheplantroom
Anyothersafetyprovisions

G.Codes&StandardsFollowed
BuildingDesign&Structure
ConstructionMaterials
ThermalInsulation&Application
RefrigerationEquipment&
Systems

Electrical&MechanicalSystems
FoodSafety
Others

H. EnergySavingEquipment&Measures
BriefDescriptionandSavings
DetailsofEnergySaving
devices
LightFixturesSodiumvapour/
CFL/LED/TL
NaturalLightingforgeneralareas
VFDforfans/compressors
RefrigerantControlsand
Automation
AirPurgermanual/automatic
PowerFactorController
Renewable/SolarEnergye.g.
PVlighting
PLCControl,&DataAcquisition
Anyotherfeaturese.g.water
recycling,rainwaterharvesting

I.Operation&Maintenance
Description
ProposedstaffforOperation&Maintenance
ProposedAnnualMaintenanceContracts
(ifany)
Training&PreventiveMaintenance

Nos./Details

procedures
Sanitation&Hygienepractice
PollutionControl

J. EstimatedPerformanceParametersofProposedColdStore

Parameters

CoefficientOfPerformance
(COP)
b) ForFreezerUnit
c) ForFrozenFoodStore
PowerConsumption
(KWH/Day)
b) ForFreezerUnit
c) ForFrozenFoodStore
TotalElectricityCost(Rs/Day)
b) ForFreezerUnit
c) ForFrozenFoodStore
ElectricityConsumption
a) ForFreezerperMT/Day
b) ForFrozenFoodStore
perMT/Day

K. OtherInformation
Place
Dated

Peak/loading
Period

HoldingPeriod

LeanPeriod

DATASHEETFORAIRBLASTFREEZING/IQFSYSTEM
TypeofFreezer
Refrigerantused

InsulationoftheCabinet

Material

Internal&Externalcladdingmaterial
&finish
Thickness(mm)

SizeoftheCabinetL,B,H,mm
Nooffreezingstations
Noofbelts/beltwidth,mm
Belttensionsensor
Productheightlimitcontrol
Interlinkingwithfeedingdevices&
automaticpackagingmachinery
A.C.Unitcapacity,KW
Nooffan

Wall/Ceiling/Floor

Airflowcapacitycmh&externalsp.
mmmg.
Initialproducttemperature0C
Finalproducttemperature
0
C(core)
EstimatedFreezingtimeperbatchin
minutes
Expectedfreezingcapacityperday,
MT
Refrigerationcapacityrequired,KW
Evap.Temp.()

Refrigerantfeedsystem
Gravity/Pumpcirculation/DX
Provisionfordigitalthermometer&
other
controls
DefrostingType
Hotgas/water/offcycle
CabinetDimensions,mm
FreezerMake&ModelNo
ElectricalControlPanel
Refrigerationsystemtobeofferedas
package/tobeprocuredseparately
Anyotherrelatedinformation

DATASHEETFORPLATEFREEZINGSYSTEM
TypeofFreezer
Horizontal/Vertical
Refrigerantused
InsulationoftheCabinet

Material
Internal&Externalcladdingmaterial
&finish
Thickness(mm)

SizeoftheCabinetL,B,H,mm
Nooffreezingstations
PlateDimensions,mm
MaterialofPlates
Maximumopeningbetweenplates,
mm
Initialproducttemperature0C
Finalproducttemperature
0
C(core)
EstimatedFreezingtimeperbatchin
minutes
EstimatedFreezingcapacityper
batch,Kg

Wall/Ceiling/Floor

Expectedfreezingcapacityperday,
MT
Refrigerationcapacityrequired,KW
Evap.Temp.()0C
Refrigerantfeedsystem
Gravity/Pumpcirculation/DX
Provisionfordigitalthermometer
DefrostingType
Hotgas/water/offcycle
FreezerMake&ModelNo
Refrigerationsystemtobeofferedas
package/tobeprocuredseparately
ElectricalControlPanel
Anyotherrelatedinformation

SECTION4(CommonforPartI&II)
PROTOCOLFORIMPLEMENTATIONOFTECHNICALSTANDARDS
Subject to provisions of Variation Clause, only those cold storage projects that are in
conformity with the prescribed technical standards will be eligible for Central Government
Subsidy.Inordertoverifythis,followingmechanismneedstobeputinplace
A. SystemofLetterofIntent(LOI)LOItobeobtainedbythepromoterpriortoundertaking
constructionofcoldstorageneedstobeintroduced.AnapplicationforLetterofIntentmust
beaccompaniedbyfollowingdocuments,inadditiontoanyotherdocumentsprescribed
ii. Acopyofthedetailedprojectreport
iii. InformationinprescribedBasicDataSheetaccompaniedbyrequisitedocuments
Technicalscrutinyoftheabovedocumentswillbeundertakentoensurethattheprojectisin
conformitywiththeprescribedtechnicalstandardsoranyvariationisfullyjustifiedkeepingin
view the product to be stored, prescribed storage conditions, energy efficiency and
environmentalandsafetyconcerns.
B. Civil Structure Following documents must be submitted by the promoter in respect of
civilconstruction
ii.
iii.
iv.

C.

Certificateofapprovalofthebuildingplanbylocalplanningauthority,
Certificateissuedbyregisteredcivildesignengineeraboutconformity withrelevantBIS
Standardsandprescribedstandardsandsafetyconcerns,
Certificatebysiteengineer/architecttotheeffectofconstructionofthecivilstructureas
per approved building plan and design and completion of the civil components
accordinglyinallrespectsasperprescribedplanandstandards,
ThermalInsulation&RefrigerationSystem,ControlandSafetyDevises

ii.The components of insulation and refrigeration system should be certified in form of a

technical datasheetby the manufacturerconfirmingthe ratingand performanceas per
prescribedstandards.
iii. Further, site inspection at appropriate stages of construction / erection and
commissioning may be undertaken by an inspection team constituted by competent
authorityforthispurpose.
iv. Finally, the manufacturer/refrigeration contracting agency will issue a certificate of
satisfactory commissioning of the cooling system in conformance to the performance
indicatorsasperprescribedstandards.
v. The manufacturer/refrigeration contracting agency will also provide as built drawings,
includingcoldstorelayout, P&I andelectrical drawing and anoperation & maintenance
manualalongwithalistofessentialspareparts.
vi. A set of above documents alongwith the refrigeration system performance certificate
issued by therefrigerationcompany / contracting agency, duly signed by anauthorized
graduateengineerofthecompany/agency,mustbesubmittedtocompetentauthorityfor
recordandacopyofthesamemustbeissuedtothepromoter/owneroftheproject.

Annexure I
ListofRelevantBISandOtherStandards

The Codes and Standards listed in this annexure represent practices and methods
published by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and other International Organizations
applying to design and construction of Cold Stores, Pack House, Ripening Chambers,
andFoodProcessingFacilitiesetc.Theyarevaluableguidesforthepracticingengineer
in determining test methods, rating, performance requirement and limits applying to
designconstructionandequipmentsused.
Thecodesandstandardslistedareintendedtoserveasminimumrequirement,andare
nottobeconstruedaslimitinggoodpractice.WhereverISCodeisnotavailable,relevant
standard codes of ASME / ASHRAE / IIAR or other International Codes are to be
followed.Latestrevisionswillbefollowedinallcases.
Theresponsibilityfordecidingwhetherotherrequirementsadditionaltotheoneslistedin
this document are necessary to ensure system integrity, efficiency and overall safety,
including operation, maintenance andservicing and/or the necessity to adopt additional
requirements in the system design and construction to guarantee the overall
performance, still rests with the supplier / manufacturer. The suppliers / manufacturers
shall furnish to the owner copies of instruction manual which shall include operation &
maintenance instruction, as built drawings, wiring diagrams, recommended spare parts
andreplacementpartlist.
Thesuppliers/manufacturersshallprovidetrainingfortheplantandmachineryinstalled
including safety and emergency procedures. The supplier /manufacturer will follow all
practices set forth by good manufacturing practices by various applicable Codes and
Standards listed in this document and shall fully certify the equipment, plant and
machinerysupplied/installedincompliancetotherelevantcodesandstandards.
Where there is a requirement for deviation, the difference(s) must be brought to the
intentionoftheregularitybodyandthecustomerinwriting.
All exceptions/deviations to the codes and standards for the plant and machinery
including civil works and design shall be identified and detailed in the proposal / bid
documents to the customers /owner and his specific approval in writing will be taken
beforecommencementofsupply/work.
The supplier / manufacturer/contractor should be fully aware of all details in his scope
etc,anditisimperativethatallworkperformedshallbedonebypersonneltrainedand
skilledintheinstallationofplantandmachinery.

CODESANDSTANDARDS

A. Electrical
BureauofIndianStandards(BIS)

S.No.

Title

Reference

1.

PVC Insulated cables (light duty) for working IS6941977

voltageupto1100volts
PartI&II

2.

PVC Insulated cables (heavy duty) for working IS15541976

voltageupto1100volts
PartI

3.

PVCInsulatedcablesforvoltage3.3KVto11KV

IS15541976
PartII

4.

Specification of Polyurethane insulated PVC IS59591970

sheeted heavy duty electrical cables, voltage not
PartI
exceeding1100V

5.

Specification of Polyurethane insulated PVC IS59591970

sheeted heavy duty electrical cables, voltage 3.3
PartII
KVto11KV

6.

Guideformakingofinsulatedconductors

7.

Codeofpracticeforinstallationandmaintenanceof IS12551967
paperinsulatedpowercables

8.

Codeofpracticeforearthling

9.

Guideofpracticeforinstallationandmaintenanceof IS52161969
inductionmotors

10.

Codeofpracticeforinstallationandmaintenanceof IS52141969
ACinductionmotorstarters

11.

Codeofpracticeforinstallationandmaintenanceof IS9001965
ACinductionmotors

12.

Codeofpracticeforinstallationandmaintenanceof IS3721975
switchgears

IS55781970

IS30431966

13.

Codeofpracticeforinstallationandmaintenanceof IS18861967
transformers

14.

Code of practice for electrical wiring installation, IS7321963

voltagenotexceeding650V

15.

Code of practice for electrical wiring installation IS22741963

(systemvoltageexceeding650V)

16.

GuidefortestingthreephaseinductionMotor

IS40291967

17.

ThreePhaseinductionMotors

IS325

18.

Electrical measuring
accessories

19.

Currenttransformers

IS2705

20

Dimensionsofsliderailsofelectricmotors

IS2968

21.

FlexibleSteelconduitsforelectricwiring

IS3480

22.

AirBreakSwitches

IS4064

23.

MotorStartersforvoltagenotexceeding1000Volts IS8544

24.

Conduitsforelectricalinstallation

IS9537

25.

Selection,installation&maintenanceof

IS10028

instruments

and

there IS248

Transformers
26.

Selection,installation&maintenanceofswitchgear IS10118
andcontrolgear

27.

NationalElectricalCodes

SP:30

28.

Selfblastedlampsforgenerallightingservice

IS 15111 Part 1
and2

B. Mechanical
BureauofIndianStandards(BIS)

S.No.

Title

Reference

1.

SafetycodesforMechanicalRefrigeration

IS660

2.

Code of practice for thermal insulation of cold IS661

storages

3.

Code of practice for application of polyurethane IS13205

insulationbyinsitupouringmethod

4.

Rigidphenolicfoamsforthermalinsulation

5.

Application for spray applied insulation code of IS12432

practicePolyurethane/Polyisocyanurate
PartIII

6.

Specifications for preformed rigid polyurethane IS12436

(Pur)andpolyisocyanurate(Pir) foams for thermal
insulation

7.

Expandedpolystyreneforthermalinsulation

8.

Code for practice for fire safety of industrial IS3594

buildings: General Storage and warehousing
includingcoldstorage

9.

Anhydrousammonia

IS662

10.

IndustrialBitumen

IS702

11.

Gunmetal gate, globe and check valve for general IS778

purpose

12.

Ball Valves including floats for water supply IS1703

purposes

13.

Mild Steel Tubes, tubular and other wrought steel IS1239

pipesfittings

14.

SteelPlatesforpressurevesselsusedatmoderate IS2041
andlowtemperature

IS13204

IS4671

15.

Colorcodeforidentificationofpipelines

IS2379

16.

Vbeltsforindustrialpurposes

IS2494

17.

Hotdipgalvanizingofironandsteel

IS2629

18.

Codeforunfiredpressurevessels

IS2825

19.

Glossaryoftermsforsafetyandreliefvalves

IS3233

20

Steelforpressurevesselsandweldedstructures

IS3503

21.

Steeltubesformechanicalandgeneralengineering IS3601
purposes

22.

Steelforgeneralstructuralpurposes

IS2062

23.

Steeltubesforstructuralpurposes

IS1161

24.

Specifications for steel doors, windows and IS1038

ventilators

25.

Code of practice for design loads (other than IS875

earthquake)forbuildingandstructures
PartItoV

26.

Criteria for earthquake resistant design of IS1893

Structures

27.

Specificationsforcoldformedlightgaugestructural IS811
steelsections

28.

Code of practice for use of Steel Tubes in general IS806

buildingconstruction

29.

Code of practice for use of cold form light gauge IS801

steel structural members in general building
construction

30.

Codeofpracticeforgeneralconstructioninsteel

31.

Glossary of terms used in refrigeration and air IS3615

conditioning

32.

Pressureandvacuumgauges

IS3624

33.

SafetyCodesforscaffoldsandladders

IS3696

34.

Formedendsfortanksandpressurevessels

IS4049

IS800

35.

Shellantubetypeheatexchangers

IS4503

36.

Codeofsafetyforammonia

IS4544

37.

Expanded polystyrene for thermal insulation IS4671

purposes

38.

HotdipZinccoatingonsteeltubes

IS4736

39.

Unitsandsymbolforrefrigeration

IS4831

40.

HDPEpipesforpotablewatersupplies,sewageand IS4984
industrialeffluents

41.

Gaugeglasses

42.

Specificationforsprayedaluminumandzinccoating IS5905
onironandsteelsurfaces

43.

SteelPipeflanges

44.

Injection molded HDPE fittings for portable water IS8008

supplies

45.

Verticalsteelladders

IS8172

46.

Treatmentofwaterforindustrialcoolingsystems

IS8188

47.

Nominalsizesofvalves

IS9520

48.

Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory IS9623

protectivedevices

49.

Polythenefloatsforballvalves

IS9762

50.

Generalpurposeballvalves

IS9890

51.

SIunits

IS10005

52.

Recommendationsforgeneralpipelinewelding

IS10234

53.

Ammoniavalves

IS11132

54.

Finnedtypeheatexchangerforroomairconditioner IS11329

55.

Refrigerationoilseparators

IS11330

56.

MStubesforverticalcondenser

BS3059

57.

Specificationformetalairduct

IS655

IS5428

IS6392

58.

Specificationforgalvanizedsteelsheet

IS227

59.

Specificationsfor Performed RigidPolyurethane

IS124361988

60.

Glossary of Terms used in Refrigeration& Air IS3615:2007

conditioning

61.

Code of Practice for Fire Safety of Ware housing Asper elevant

includingcoldstorages
ISspecification

62.

Food Hygiene General Principle Code of IS24911998

Practice

C. Publication by International Societies and Associations Pre Engineered

Building
S.no.

Title

Reference

1.

BuildingCode

IBC2006

2.

DesignCode

AISC2005

3.

ToleranceCode

MBMA2002

4.

PurlinCode

AISI2001

5.

WeldingCode

ANS2006

6.

Wind Load& Seismic Load

IS 875 & IS A893

2002&
Relevant
Codes

D.
EuropeanOrganizationforTechnicalApprovals(EOTA)
S.no.
Title
Reference
1.

ExternalThermalInsulationCompositeSystems ETAG004
withRendering

2.

Cold Storage Premises Kits Part1: Cold ETAG21

StorageRoomKits

3.

Cold Storage Premises Kits Part2: Cold ETAG021

StorageBuildingEnvelopeandbuildingits

American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Condition Engineers, Inc

ASHRAE
RefertoREFRIGERATIONSystemsandApplications,Handbook
Chapter51CodesandStandards.
OTHERSTANDARDSANDREFERENCES
There is sufficient data available on design of energy efficient cold stores and
commercial storage practices of fresh fruits and vegetables and other perishable
commoditiesfromvariouspublicationsbyorganizationssuchas:
1. International Association of Refrigerated Warehouses (IARW) and World Food
LogisticsOrganizations,
b) CommodityStorageManual
c) CrisisManagementManual
d) GuidetoEffectiveWareHouseOperations
e) MaintenanceandModernizationManual
2. American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Condition Engineers, Inc
ASHRAEHandbooks
b)
c)
d)
e)
3.
4.
5.
6.

REFRIGERATIONSystems&Applications
FUNDAMENTALS
HVACSystemsandEquipment
HVACApplications

TheInternationalInstituteofRefrigeration(IIR),
InternationalInstituteofAmmoniaRefrigeration(IIAR),
UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA),
PostharvestTechnologyResearch&InformationCenterUCDAVIC

Annexure II
FLOWCHARTVEGETABLES&FRUITS
processasperproductrequirement
RAWMATERIAL
(CHOICEOF
CULTIVATOR)

MATURITYASSEMENT

HARVESTING&TRANSPORTATION

FACTORYGATE
INSPECTION

PREPARATION
a

WASHING/INSPECTION

CCP1

CUTTING/DEPODDING/SNIPPING/PEELING

CLEANING/AIRCLEANING/VIBRATINGSEIVING

WASHING

SLICING/DICING/SHREDDING/WHOLE

WASHING

BLANCING

COOLING

INSPECTION

DEWATERING

FREEZING

SEIVING

METALDETECTION/XRAYINSPECTION

CCP2
(VEGETABLESONLY)

CCP3

CCP4

CCP5

PACKING

COLDSTORAGE@BELOW 18DEGC

CCP6

TRANSPORTATION@18DEGC

CCP7

CITYOULETSTORES@18DEGC

CCP8

CUSTOMERTOSTOREINHOUSE
FREEZER
CCP9
(homefreezer2degCformax8days&18degCforlongtime
aspermfgdate)

AnnexureIII

AnnexureIV

TechnicalStandardsCoreCommitteeExperts
1. Sh.BijayKumar, ManagingDirector,NationalHorticultureBoard, MinistryofAgriculture,Govt. of
India,PlotNo.85,InstitutionalArea,Sector18,Gurgaon(Haryana)
2. Dr.S.K.Malhotra,PrincipalSecretary(Hort),ICAR,NewDelhi
3. Mr.SushilKumarSingla,Director,DAC,NewDelhi
4. Mr. Gokul Patnaik, Managing Director, Global Agri System Pvt. Ltd., K13A, Hauz Khas Enclave,
NewDelhi
5. Mr.P.K.Chakraborty,Director,FSSAI,NewDelhi.
6. Mr. A. K. Lal, Sc. D, Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak Bhawan' 9, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,
NewDelhi
7. Sh. Chinmay Dwivedi , Scientist 'C', Food and Agriculture , Bureau of Indian Standards, Manak
Bhawan'9,BahadurShahZafarMarg,NewDelhi
8. Mr.RajinderSingh,SeniorFaculty,GBPantPolytechniq,Okhla,NewDelhi
9. Mr.AbhayAnand,AmitFinishers,Pune
10. Dr.R.K.Sharma,Director,NationalHorticultureBoard,MinistryofAgriculture,Govt.ofIndia,Plot
No.85,InstitutionalArea,Sector18,Gurgaon122015(Haryana)
11. Mr.DavishiVerma,IL&FS,NewDelhi
12. Mr.SandeepKtiyan,IL&FSClasters,NewDelhi
13. Mr.GurmitSingh,ManagingDirector,M/sWalcoEngineeringLtd.,7/15,KirtiNagar,IndustrialArea,
NewDelhi110015(andChairmanofCII,TechnicalStandardsCommittee).
14. Mr.M.S.Manjunath,IngersollRand,Bangalore
15. Mr.DilipWagh,6SigmaFoodtech,Pune
16. Mr.MenonVenugopal,RACGlobal/CabinPlantA/sDenmark
17. Mr.Allan MollerHansen,CabinPlantA/sDenmark
18. Mr.NitinShilaskar,Urschel,Pune
19. Mr.ArvindSurange,Consultant,H.O.VijayApts.,39/35Erandavana,Pune411004(Maharashtra)
20. Mr.HarshalSurange,Consultant,H.O.VijayApts.,39/35Erandavana,Pune411004(Maharashtra)
21. Mr.R.M.Iyengar,ConsultantCII,Chennai
22. Mr.N.S.Brar,MD,PAGROFoods
23. Mr.MukeshPuri,ISHRAE
24. Mr.V.K.Seth,ISHRAE
25. Mr.SupriyoSaha,ManagementConsultant,M/sFinancialEscortPvt.Ltd,WestBengal
26. Mr.R.Shivakumar,VoltasLtd
27. Mr.M.Verma,ICL
28. Mr.AtulGarg,KPMG
29. Mr.J.M.Gupta,APCPolycoat(P)Ltd
30. Sh.S.S.Malik,Interko
31. Col.Deswal,SunshinePvt.Ltd
32. Mr.AjayMahendirata,ISHRAE
33. Mr.PankajMehta,Carrier
34. Mr.SanjayGupta,Infracol
35. Mr.TarunMalhotra,CarrierTrans
36. Mr.AsishGoswami,CarrierRefrigeration
37. Mr.ParvinderSingh,VertriebIndienSalesIndia
38. Mr.UmeshAgarwal,ISOPAN
39. Mr.MaheshShastri,StarfrostAsia
40. Mr.NavneetS.Pruthi,GoblinFoodsPvt.Ltd,Mumbai
41. Mr.SanjeevSaini,BayerMaterial