TRAFFIC CONTROL AT ROADWORKS CUO aac mat ny Cited‘suomIpuoD owNAEp JeULIOU UI BG PINON I Juawojouy U) 20 IYO AP APD SB FSM! aq ISMN IMjEH AQ UAE OC O} ‘sxom 941 10 uiGu9} a4) UGNo.AN Aiayes pue Aue9,9 94 ‘oy OF o1gosruboo91 AyUEIsU! ‘s9u8 snopyezey Aueinaiued we peuinbas 19q Aew joruas jeuoHIppE iy PUP siuaUIEZNDe! WhuNNWW ae saINpeoo.d ue sjo.1ua9 asau WM PAIOU aq PNOUS | UONeANP 10 9218 4 21 "S330 JO 1B POSN 0g TEN PaquOSap SoINpEdoIC PUP sad1Kep Jo ssojpre6 oon SOMASWOWN SOM a4 FoOLOHd OF (i) ‘ons uo Ounyiom wou Ajares ousydom ou 88d 0} wou oKqeUO PUR oHGNd ou e101 01) ‘o1e Sylompeo! ye jou1uaD oHeN jo SexKvelqe UU! OU), Guysey pue odes pue sisod uoneosewap 's1eU76q Sopnjout saoKap JONIUCD, 40 ,]Os1U09, ,BuHIS, 01 11009 “waists (6ujuedo peOY) “OY BUI Jo esN EU hq paren oq Airewou jum sxs0M Yong ‘sieuEIeW) 0 OBDI018 eu Suruuerd pue AlaiEg out japjood Sktstandards used in signs must accurately Wg by o uation that the driver or pedestian will rough the site. 5 must always appear in the same sean Wvers wall come to sign and the spacing of the subsequent signs in 10 speed of the passing traffic ing may be necessary at particularly hazardous’ sites, ial | provited it must be clear and easily Clotting should be worn by all labour working in Ne for setting oul, moving and ‘and cones etc ar‘S910M 04) jo BuNUUEIS fou ur Abels Auea Ue e BOHOe S421] aUL YIM Da@IBE AQ ISMN ‘SUONDAS sare) ‘Ur Dojeiop pue ‘axoge paise6Gns io1uo9 aye jo SpoUIaUI BU JO AUR jo ASN OUL ‘fue wos) us 8g ssn say “Ob ones ut ‘oye *seoueIsuUNoH19 35; femabeurwo jenp fu! Ind pur pouna|a ag SMU SaDiAAP asaK 'SyIOM ay }O UAWIDOUALHEHDD 41 OL sa p10 Buyio% po FeUZOU episino pojaeIUED oq O1 SUH AY OBE UI euouda!ai pue oweu sui Alddns ism sx0% aL paniosao aY98 Siu "BUIUadO PEO Sunes onyed4 “HO a ‘eouepiodae wi paonpoxs 99 ‘pu 0} ou fut hq poonpord se Aen }0 0709, oui uF palanUIsY: se paMIEIAO 84 IS SMHOM SHL YO ONINVdadSITE LAYOUT AND MAINTENANCE Ths ste ac fe adequiate Sight lines and be kapt clear of parked vehicles and 0 ‘metres width and must be kept clear of mat [Atypical layout is shown In Figure 5.1 hair private vehicles well away from the site, 1m any parking restrictions.TRAFFIC SIGNS FOR ROADWORKS radworks ign and the work site any one, ot corn ‘and 347 to 351 may be used, according to the nature of theSWYHOMAGVOH HOI SNOIS DISSVELTrattic Speed kph Position of first sign advance of site metres Size of warning or Genera . sage Signs ee 500m sas. 253 Roadworks: Distonce Plate pst tala For 2km ue 0 End ot Roadworks Extent haa a a Keop Right oop totsi KomoBoqie9 ujow ujofos 01 sepinoys px2y wo S919149A ose puv0g wounay are Ee suBis jon" ) OeaL smoseu pooSingle File Traffic Flow Control Signs 202 STOP/GO signe Traffic control ahead 359 led legends are te past Control Ahead sito of roadworks On Red Stop Here Road Ahead Closed Road Closed No Constr Cone Works Access Temporary Surtace 320 Teatfic signals ahoad ‘oncoming traffic6 oyows, Buykaning spug pooy 20m PaeWIOA pots snsue ‘010 spuoB9) poynused ou, eve. Bujkonins, ety izP ore eo! Yo s6uiddiys o6007 use (eye aveid «aie pasn) Sujwom prozey, ze suBls snooue}2o5IW (soon mous9 jo won20u1a) uBIs “~"NSepog Bis uon2010 100 Uworss0nip 40 pug | bys vonoeup eveipeunsyu ese ‘Big wop29u1a eoueApy uBjs uonseup uojss2A10 wee suBig uorssonig anoyOTHER TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES Traffic Cones lasted so that portion of te cone must be In place overnight, either each cone must be fitted with 19 lamp or a flashing lamp, supported on a demarcation ved between each pair of cones. ‘cones must be used. Otherwise 600 mm high cones are acceptabte, Demare: a Posts and Tape TRAFILAMP acz ze sdwey Burysely suaquy YB, suaueg AV asn HOSPositioning of control devices lay Steel Plates and Ramps 24 DIVERSION SIGNING FOR ROAD CLOSURE © @ road has 10 be closed due to roadworks, the sequence af signi as follows o advance of the closure: 369 — Road Anead Sign 352 — Diversion Sign 105.7 — Diverted be guided along the dwversion roule by an appropiate combi igns 105 T, 108 T, 353 and 364. Onco the talfic has Faturned to its orginal rovte, Sign 355 (End of Diversion) must be displayed 2az 92 1 0m) poids y (peau or alqn 26 @INDLY UL UMOUS 81 yPOkR| eOIIAL y + zoe oz suBlS OD/dOLS apyo09 jo sav ‘UDI $9 uorsmedng etd MO1d O144VUL Td STONIS ||, sjeublg oyjeay * ta0dwoymi cones at 4 SINGS IPriority Signs '9 ae identical to the case of pedestnan diversion, and the bbe employed (Figure 5 1), Igeway road are such on 19 the alher car The site layout for Sees poet100 Sas 7Volume 1 Civil Engineering Department Ministry of Public WorksQatar Traffic Manual INTRODUCTION The Qatar Traffic Manual, together with iis companion dacuments Traffic Control at Roadworks and The Highway Code, has been praduced by the Ministry of Public Works, Civil Engineering Department in consultation with the Ministry of the interior, Traffic Police. ‘The purpose of this Manual is to standardise design in two important areas of traffic management, namely road signing and sign design. The standards contained herein apply to all works to be carried out on the highway and, to ensure that the desired standardisation is achieved, all such schemes must be submitted to the Ministry of Public Works, Traffic Section, for approval Tne two parts of the Qatar Traffic Manual which form the first volume are: Part One, The Traffic Signs Manual, which describes the furction and usage of directional signs, regulatory, warning and information signs and road markings, Part Two, The Traffic Design Manual, which considers sign face layout, sign construction and illumination and vehicle crash barriers. The second volume comprises @ set of Working Drawings which detail the sign- face layouts for all regulatory, warning and informatory signs. Also included in the second volume is The Traffic Control at Roadworks booklet which sets down the re- quired standards for temporary warning signs and diversion signing for works being carried out on, of adjacent to, the highway. It is also published separately for use by those carrying out the roadworks he Highway Code forms 2 completely separate document as its purpose, which is to deline good driving practice, is different to that of the Traffic Manual. It is based on the principles contained in the Manual but is presented in a non-technical format for use by the general public In preparing the Traffic Manual, the Ministry of Public Works has adopted the Vienna Convention ‘European rules concerning road traific signs and signals’ and United Kingdom highway design practices, as these have been in local use for a number of years However, it is recognised that their formal adoption anc subsequent full implementation will Dring about changes in driver behaviour which, fogether with the continuing development of the country and future technical innovation, will lead to the progressive amendment of this Manual Consequently. it has been published in ioose-teat form for ease of revision Users of the Manual who require clarification of certain points are requested to gontact tne Head of Traffic Section. Civil Engineering Depanment, Ministry of Public Works, P.O. Box 38, Doha, State of QatarQatar Traffic Manual Traffic Signs Manual a Contents CHAPTER ONE DIRECTIONAL SIGNS CHAPTER TWO REGULATORY SIGNS CHAPTER THREE WARNING SIGNS CHAPTER FOUR INFORMATORY SIGNS CHAPTER FIVE ROAD MARKINGS AND STUDS.CHAPTER ONE — DIRECTIONAL SIGNS Contents Section Title 1.1 The Highway Network 1.2. The Direction Signing System 1.3. Advance Direction Signs 1.4 Direction Signs 1.5. Route Confirmatory Signs 1.6 Signs for Special Purposes 1.7 Siting of Directional Signs 1.0014 143 CHAPTER ONE — DIRECTIONAL SIGNS THE HIGHWAY NETWORK Roads within the State of Qatar each ful certain functions within the overall network. A hierarchy exists which Gefines their various roles. Table 11 shows the status of road types within the hisrarchy and shows how these compare with the three ter trafic signing system. PRIMARY ROUTES These are routes of strategic significance whose purpose is to act as the principal distribution routes between the city of Doha the main regional centres and tne national border, They are generally dual carriageway roads, bull to high geometric standards, The present system of Primary Routes is illustrated in Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 12 SECONDARY ROUTES Secondary Routes serve as area distibutors by linking Primary Routes either to each other ar by feeding traffic into the Tertiary Route network. They are generally dual carriageway but in rural areas may be single carriageway. The major Secondary Routes 2 also shown in Fig. 1. and Fig. 12, TERTIARY ROUTES District distributors, local and access roads are classified as Tertiary Routes. District distrbutors are urban dual carrisgeway roads providing high capacity routes districts. Local roads link access roads to either the Secondary Route retwark cr, in urban areas, the distnct distributors. Soth local and access roads are characteristically low dasign speed, single carriageway roads ‘THE ROUTE NUMBERING SYSTEM The Route numbenng system is centred on the city of Doha. As shown in Fig.1.2, the otigin of the Primary Route rietwork is tha D-Ring Road, this being designated Route No, 1. The Primary Routes Nos. 1 to 7 extend radially outwards from ine D-Fing Road. With the exception of Route No. 59, inking Froute No. § to the national border. all Primary Routes have single digit numbers, Secondary and Tertiary Route Numbers follow a branching system based on the Primary Route Numbers, lt @ road has been allocated a Route Number, that number will appear on all direction signing associated with it. For ease of identification Ina Route Number is displayad in a rectangle with a yellow background. Where a Route which itself is not classified leads directly to a numbered Route, the number of that Route may be displayed in brackets on the Advance Direction signs and Direction signs associated with the unclassiied road This principle is illustrated in Fig. 13 Fig. 1.3 Bracksted Route Numbers To ensura that all new direction signing is consistent with the ovarall signing policy for Qatar, the details of all proposed direction signing must be submittad to the Ministry of Public Warks for approval 1.01FUNCTION. CARRAGEWAYE GENERAL (I) DESIGN DIRECTION SicnING ROAD CLASericATION ORDER Gn Primary owes iar road teking towns, ora ee 2 Han 6 {abouts minor For grado soparted Spans lunctions. Sone Utuns ora rouns. No dest Primary ~ (Grean) SBccass wom propenias Wo pking. ‘Seconda Hoxtes ban Diehibulor” Amar ubun roattorvowgh ual 2. exw Gio sopartion, rurdabouts, shp-onislp-of or wate ‘sigrased uresoas No turns No dhect Secondary — (Blue) ces rom propos: Noy Pal Ditte ual? 3.0 eo nets rds be ‘Secondary — (Bus) Snowe Avubanoastokig dahits eu? ane oun fae est cond ond tigate win iia rome seraan 7 jot megreteomay baci Teray — we Saget | Access ad gle 2 ane ® rv ovndstous or Cunctons set X90 cr ootone vom pperves Parl patina, No Dreston ining ‘onateah cal acca nga 208 von Tetons fae Speci nous Seer vies verte hence ‘veamart Loy rn) ates vanes ates Emphaas on pavement desig, Rance sergio mc. frontaty Treatment tt oneta oad coir re base on he MEAs an “Goer gute for oad oss eecns nd uty spas 8 Table 1.1 Highway and Direction Signing Classification‘Al-Kharrarah SALWA SAUDA NATHIL Fig. 1.1 Qatar: Primary & Secondary (Rural Distributors) Present System (1987) 1031.2 124 THE DIRECTION SIGNING SYSTEM GENERAL DESCRIPTION A direction signing system performs the following functions: 1. itmust give drivers advance waming of their approach to a junction. 2. It should indicate the typa of junction that will have to be negotiated 3. It must inform them of the destinations that may be reached fram each exit 4, It should indicate the point at which they must turn to reach a destination on a route otner than ‘mat on whien they are travelling 5. It should identity the route and indicate its status within the network, These functions are fuliled by @ colour-coded system af Advance Direction, Ditection and Route Contirmatory signs, ‘The routes themselves are identiieg by the colours belo Primary Routes —-Green background, white text and borders Secondary Routes © — Blue background, white text and borders — White background, black text and bordars rection Signs and Roule Contirmatory Signs take tne background colour associated with the route on which they are located. Direction signs take the colour of tie route te when they refer. All dvectional signing in Qatar is bilingual, the destinations and distances being displayed in both Arabic and English. The relationships between this dual text, the various symbols and the ways in which they apply to each sign tyne are describad in Part Two, Chapter One 13 134 ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGNS Advance Direction Signs are generally provided on all approaches to @ junction to indicate tne ‘destinations which may be reached from each exit Each type of Advance Direction Sign fulls a particular role. By the sign’s form and layout, @ driver may etermine the tyoe of junction he will encounter, the altemative destinations ang, in the case of grade Separatad interchanges, the distance to the exit. ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGNS FOR INTERCHANGES Due to the special nature ol this form af junction, two Advance Direction Signs should be provided. The first, the Far Advance Direction Sign, is located t kilometre from the exit. It should be @ ground, mounted sign but, where the verge width is limited, a gantry mounted sign may be usec, nos ADS FADS Lane Specific Interchange ™—, 1 1 ADS FADS Non Lane Specific Interchange Fig. 1.4 Advance Direction Signs for InterchangesThe second, the Adve n Sign, is mounted bul, at interchanges where the number of lar be ground mount metres from the exit It should be gantry fon the through toute remains constant, may 13.1.1 FAR ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGN ened ote Al Muntazah ee Al Rayyan eo 1km Musheirib 100 100 Sign 100 is used in advarce of interchanges w' secandary junction (usually a round: 0 vahicles bout) at which th through route reach a join thai Route numbers snout distance shown will normally be 1 fe, but the ahead destnation is not displayed. The lometre but may vary, as described in Section 1.7.2 wi ircumstances dictate, it may be substituted by Signs 2 oF 103, as appropriate 13.12 LOW INTERCHANGE} Fig. 1.5 Free Flow Interchange 401 Sign 101 is 2 varian junction as shown it tree flow interchange, eg. a clover 1.081.9.1.3 ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGN : NON LANE SPECIFIC INTERCHANGE Pree yer Sauda Nathil Fig, 1.6 Non Lane Specific Interchange This sign displays the ahi rel 5S po City Centre ose! et ping Al Muntazah Musheirib1.3.14 ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGN : LANE SPECIFIC INTERCHANGE ye er Soo) PTE ere ie 103 109 108 a Fig.17 Lane Specific Interchange Sign 108 1s used in ad 8 the number of lanes trough the juncton reduces ax showm in ig 17. The meaning oa doweward porting arrow when is ostioned ovr the carve o the lane to which it applies. 1s destination. Oue to the lane spe 100 or 101 tat by remaining in that lane the criver may reach the displayed ip nature of thig sign type it must NEVER be substitu 3315 NCE TO EXIT SIGN Phe Elerery 104 Sign 104 is usec in advance of interchange Conjunction with Sign 102 or 103 st appears displaying the exit destinationis within their signface an to the exit. When used in @ separate sign mounted to the right of ne sign nen used in conjunction with Sign 100 or 101 it is incorporated the digplayed distance willbe 1 kilomatre (Far Advance }or 800 metres Advance Direction 1. if site conditions prevent a sign being lose fo ts standard positon. t should be measured (see Section 1.7.2) ang founded dawn to the nae! whale number of hun: metres. This lattr figure is then displayed Direction Si locate 1081.3.2 ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGNS FOR AT-GRADE JUNCTIONS At-grade junctions require oniy one Advance Direction Sign to be provided on each approach. This sign will be of the "St ‘Map! type depending an Each sign displays the destination(s) that mi re applicable. A Advance Dire fom the junction (see & 2), the distay guration of the junction be reached from each exit, together with tion Signs are located at a macmum is not displayed. the route 223 metres 13.21 STACK TYPE SIGN re re Cerri uy rod eee see Cc | | PT SEL neo 105 105 Hohe al Umm Ghuwailina eg qarell Aeecel Al Mansoura 2 Fie Al Muntazah t 105 105 in advance of simple priority oF sig 1 t0 reach thy controlled junctions. The ions. The left and right ch indicate @ free flow manceu usualy nerizo as shown in Fi Fig, 1.8 Free Flow Right Turn 1091322 MAP TYPE SIGN ‘A map type A juretion. The m: lon and shows the exits in, as ‘on which the sign 20. Spee Bin Mahmoud Z ‘ 1 Precio pen ose r i Al Corniche ieee ea rey 108 108 Sign 106 is used in adh pes SWC renee ec Sign 107 is used in immediately apoare his approach,14 DIRECTION SIGNS Direction signs should show the destination(s) that may be reached from Provided at a junction each exit, logather with route number where applicable 4.4.1 DIRECTION SIGNS FOR INTERCHANGES I 14.1.1 NON LANE SPECIFIC INTERCHANGES 102 102 through route remains con: signs may be subsituted by ide @ gantry the 5) and route pumber, if any. for tne ext only 14.12 LANE SPECIFIC INTERCHANGES 103 103 Sign 103 is used at interchang ths lane spec! of the i ubstiuted by S unt142 DIRECTION SIGN FOR AT-GRADE JUNCTIONS 1421 FLAG TYPE SIGN 49/2! PCE Ee) 15 ROUTE CONFIRMATORY SIGN Aca aan hn Per ae Sauda Nathil 45 km Al Sela 160 km16 1.61 162 SIGNS FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES MILITARY SIGNS pSnettetngd | > Army Camp 105M 108M igns 105M anc 108M a ire same as for Signs 105 and 108, but th ‘The sighs may include the name of the installation. to military installations. Their format and use is the FS and atrows are peculiar to miltary instalations 405R 408A, Signs 105R anc 108A a2 used to citect drvers to recreational area: histoncal buildings, monuments, ete. The green text and border indice the main direction signing system. In resp format, use and positioning the conditions at aph 18.1 s deemed neo >: major diversions The black rate 1131.64 _ SITING OF SIGNS FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES 1 same siting requirements as those for the standard directional signs (see ial purpose signs occupying the same sit, 3 hrm Camp => LJ Fig. 19 4.85 ROUTE REFERENCE MARKER Aetiecto7 SITING OF DIRECTIONAL SIGNS 417A GENERAL ‘This section considers those aspects of design that may be described as ‘site dependent'~ Belore any of the above may be determined, an assessment must be made ol the Sth percentile vehicle speed in advance of the position where @ sign is required. The actual position at which this value is assessed will depand on the physical characteristics of the sita, e.g. horizontal and vertical alignment, frequency of minor junctions, etc, but generally should be between 200 and 400 metres in ‘aqvance of the likely sign position, 4.72 ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGNS 4,721 JUNCTION REFERENCE POINT The distance in advance ct a junction at which an Advance Direction Sign should be sited is measured from a juncban reference point. This reterence point is defined as follows (interchanges — the point which the cartiageway widens to form the exit road (Fig, 1,11), Junction Ratarance Point Fig. 1.11 Locations of Junction Reference Point for interchanges (i) At-grade junctions = the STOP or Give Way line, oF = the point at which the carageway first widens 10 develop additional turning lanes or slip roads (Fig. 1.12), Junction Relerence Point Fig. 1.12 Locations of Junction Relerence Point for At-Gi 1151.722 ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGNS FOR INTERCHANGES The standard distances at which the Far Advance Direction Sign nd the Advance Direction Sign would be sited are shown in Fig. 1.13. FADS Fig. 1.13 Locations of Advance Direction Signs for Interchanges Whee site conditions are such thal a sign cannot be positioned at is standard distance, it should be relocatad further trom the junction reference point. Where this is not possble, due to tne proximity of junctions. the sign should be located as close to its standard position as practicable. The way in which the distance to the exit should be displayed under these circumstances is cescribed in Section 13.5. The Minimum Clear Visibility Distance requirement is given in Table 12. 1.7.23 ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGNS FOR AT-GRADE JUNCTIONS. ‘Tha distance in advance of the junction relarence point at which tne Advance Direction Sign should be sited is related to the 85th percentile speed of vehicles on that approach, [ADVANCE DIRECTION SIGNS | _DIREGTIONSIGNS _ [ROUTE CONFIRMATORY clans seperti | Minimum etna a viitey Bitance oh Biterce os 8 6 2 “ a) 00 e100 % com a oes cy 19 overta 0 sso 18 | vs Table 4.2 Visibility and Siting Distances for Post Mounted Signs Nota 1 Stoner ebstustans sush as tas signal poles ang lamp columns may be ignored Note 2 Ths column isnot agiable to Adsance Direction Signs tor Interchange, 4.7.3 DIRECTION SIGNS Direction signs are located at the junction itsell, The actual siting of such a sign is a matter for Individual judgement, but it must be bore in mind that should ba sited so that (i) is visible to drvars both during their approach and whist maxing any necessary turning movement (Table 1.2), (i) there is no confusion as to which exit the sign refers Wnerever possible the signs should be sited immediately beyond the point at which the turning manoeuvre must be made as ilustrated in Figs. 1.14 t0 1.18, 116SeeeEET | Pes eueeeeeeeeees —» —---|/---- eee > Ste te eer = Wee peusernined FADS and ADS are used Fig. 1.14 Location of Direction Signs at a Non Lane Specific Interchange Ganty locates where ‘O RK ww sutlane watn achieves fa) BA tA&B] [C7] Fig. 1.18 Location of Direction Signs at a Non Lane Specific Free Flow Interchange Fig, 1.16 Location of Direction Signs at # Lane Spacitic interchange-® © mace oe Fig. 1.17 Location of Direction Signs at a Roundabout Fig, 1.18 Location of Direction Signs at a T-junction 4.74 ROUTE CONFIRMATORY SIGNS ‘These signs should be sted approximately 200 metres beyond the last port at which a vericle could jon the main camageway after negotiating tne junciion, e.g, the end of an acceleration lane ‘They may also be provided between junctions cn major routes, such that theit spacing is not greater than 10 klome: 118CHAPTER TWO — REGULATORY SIGNS Contents Section Title 24 General 2.2 Mandatory Signs 2.3. Prohibitory Signs 2.4 Police and Customs Signs 2.5 Distance Plate Page No. 201 20024 244 CHAPTER TWO — REGULATORY SIGNS GENERAL, Flegulatory signs are the means by which the Trafic Laws are put into etfect. Consequently those ‘Onvers who disodey the signs are breaking the Law Signs in this category t Ime the following classifications Mandatory Signs — which give insiructons to dnvers as to what they must do The STOP and Gwe Way signs are examples which. because of their signilicance, ara given special symbolic shapes to highlight their presence. Other mandatory signs. such as the Keep Right sign, are circular with white symbols on a biue background Prohibitory Signs — which give instructions to drivers as to what they must rot do. The signs are carcular with a reg border anc generally have a ted diagonal bar The message of cenain regulatory signs must be amplified by the addition of a supplementary plate The size of text to be used on tne plate is given in Tabie 21 The majority of regulatory signs are available in four ses, tne size anc required vsibilty distance being dependant on the 85th percentile speed of tralic using the road on when Mey are located. The required dimensions are laid down in Teble 21 Reguiatary signs ate positioned at me point at which the instruction or restncton applies ‘85th Height of Minimum | Supplementary percentile Triangular Clear = —S«élate Text speed or Circular Visibility sign Distance Aleph-height (Note 1) (Note 3) (height) kph | mm metres mm | o-4 | 600 a 7] 85 45-60 750 | (50) 60-80 900 75 | | Over 80 1200 100 170 | (100) Note + The STOP and Give Way signs wil be ne ait larger than shown hers A 1800mN ae gr must BE Used wen te Bsen persona peed tn axceas of BD KS} Note 2 Algpnovigns ang xneigt are danas m Pat Two, Chapter One Note 3 Sienaer fons such as atic ogra ples ana amp columns may De grotee Table 2.4 Sizing and siting of Regulatory Signs 20122 MANDATORY SIGNS 221 THE STOP SIGN Sign 200 major road traf Table 22 nd 3 met ures that arsverse (oad Marking 500 No veh enter the major road if the manoeuvre to alter tts apes lusion STOP signs snout. a! junctions where the visio cannot be met They should in advance of the 00, 28 shown in stop at Fig 2.1 Visibility Splays 85th percentile speed ‘on major road ph Fig. 2.2 Siting of STOP and Give Way Signs 202wath two or mor ‘ould be positioned of oF a two-way steeot with a central island et the off-side footway ot central island, as a 222 ROADWORKS Signs 201 and 202 3 wally onirol trafic at road works where ss been reduced one-way (‘shuttle’) mover signs are mounted ba: y thal atic 1s 201 202 223 THE GIVE WAY SIGN Sign 203 require ‘cles at the jun 501 arc 609 203 nis sitar + and 3 met ol ad marsing and an additional s provides on 224 MINI ROUNDABOUT SIGN Sign 20422.5 TURN RIGHT (LEFT) Sign 205, 205 T9236 Gpb Plates 206 0; 207 may io Dual carriageway oon 208 207 228 SIDE ROAD Sign 206, a 208 227 ROAD DIVERGES ia 209 7 i228 228 22.10 2211 ‘TURN RIGHT (LEFT) AHEAD @ 210 KEEP RIGHT (LEFT) @ att PASS EITHER SIDE ® 212 ONE WAY STREET ara Sign 210 15 us: ged where the alg} at the layout of the ju he sign shou! 1 advance of tfe junction. but this may De 1 tat le ior occurs wt the median stn come a Sign 212 1s,2212 SPEED LIMIT a4 22.13 MINIMUM SPEED 25 de pol Minimum speed 26 27 eal als prsyony End of minimum speed Sign 214 is usec 10 indicate the speed limit in kilometres par nour for the road o: sign 1s The sig joned on both sides of the peed imi Signs may be provided but .ed from that of the prime sign, as size should be red cetailed in Tabie 23 Prime Sign Repeater Sign Diameter (mm) | Diameter (mm) 430 900 750 1200 3100 Table 2.9 Sizes of Speed Limit Signs 0 widicate a minimum spead limit the speed iimt and may peeled over the ength estnctio uld be smaller than the prime sign, 23. Sign 215 is ust 28 detailed in Ta Plate 216 1s us: Sign 217, 0: That 8suBig eBesseg Jo Aoug yo moter ¥2 Sid 2g 0) aise AyjennWy 31 uiGu0 Auuous sey oyRA zz ubIs ove a 4s a Ny Ss oge uBis BOYSS¥d JO AUOIE = SEZ Z ez [uO saydde Lo! vaya wuoweddns 2 918d AINO S3INHOT PLZT2.3 PROHIBITORY SIGNS 23.1 PROHIBITION OF TURNING 222 223 224 23.2 PROHIBITION OF ENTRY SIGNS Loli! te Except buses 228 bi for access 2082322 NO MOTOR VEHICI Sign 227 prohipits entry by any & 227 NO BUSES 228 2924 NO LORRIES 229 be Plate 230 \s usec 10T 230 Vier As Plate 231 8.30-16.00 2312325 AXLE LOAD LIMIT 232 2326 WEIGHT UMIT 233 HEIGHT LIMIT 234 Sign 234 prohits o! The reign 's mner 235.2329 WOTHUMT 236 23210 EXCLUSION FROM LANES 237 23.211 ALTERNATIVE ROU 23.2 GENERAL PROHIBITORY SIGNS 238 Sign 236 prohioits entry by any vencle exceeding ne Slated width The stated wath should be less than the minimum clear wath of tne road in question by at 200mm and should be quoted to the next lowes! nibs cenan vehicles trom The legand indicates the numoar of amageway the of prob 15 ang tne lanes from which they are exclu ons ally be prowde oont of entry to th2936 — NO SOUNDING OF HORNS @ 245, 2337 NOWAMTNG Ssh Eee Versa No Parking 8.30 - 16.00 <> 247 NO STOPPING (CLEARWAY) 24a edd Epes labs No Stopping 249 Sign 248 prohibits the sounding of horn Sign 246, together with supplementary Plate 247, used at locatons where the parking of vehicles «s igns must be provdl ction, witn Plate 247 displaying a direction in which the jon extends for a hibited only during that the restricuoy road marking 826 Where ail umes, piate 24 by Plate 249, 2auses ay) ie 00 ut ale 29 few die si 4 swoIsng Je psn st ez UBIS ese woos oe BLV1d SONVLSIO sz ese. S sWoisnd ez ise Dro ey eid eae aie a ta SHIONSA BOMOd = tye ose, eee ert ToT EP 3oMOd Le SNDIS SWOLSNO GNY 39I10d veCHAPTER THREE — WARNING SIGNS Contents Section Title Page Ne 34 Sor 32 Priority Junctions 02 33 Roundabouts 303 a4 Merging Trafic 208 35 Bends in the Road 306 3.6 Road Narrows 308 a7 End of Dual Carriageway 307 38 End of One-Way Working 307 39 Traffic Signal Operation 308 3.40 Pedestrians and Children 308 3.11 Animals 309 3.12 Other Hazards 309 3.13 Temporary Warning Signs are 3.14 Warning Signs at Roadworks = 3.13 Appendix A Supplementary Plate Messages 3.16 3.0034 aaa CHAPTER THREE — WARNING SIGNS GENERAL \Waming signs are used to alert drivers to potential hazards on the road ahead. Most of these signs are twiangular naving a red border surrounding a black symbol on a white background, The symbols give @ pictorial indication of the likely nazard, In certain cases sucplementary platas may be added to provide extra information ‘The signs are available in fve sizes. T Distance together with the he appropriate size, Siting Distance and Minimum Clear Visibility 0 size of text for the supplementary plates are specified in Table 3.1 sth Height Distance Minimum ‘Supplementary Percen- of of Sign Clear Plate tile Warning from Visibility Text Speed Triangle Hazard (Note 2) Aleph-hoight (height) kph mm m m mm 0-45 600 40-50 © 85 (60) 45-0 750 50-100 Co) 85 (@00) (60) 60-80 00 100 - 200 15 130 (780) (75) Over 80 (1500) 200 - 300 100 170 1200 (100) (300) Note 1: Algpr-heght ane achat are dating! in Part Two, Chapter Ona Note 2 Slender objects auch as ate signal poles and lamp eohenrs may Bo gnerod Table 3.1 Warning Signs, Sizes, Siting and Visibility Distances The smaller alternative sizes shown in brackets should only be used where amenity considerations or physical restrictions aoply. Reference must be made to the Ministry of Public Works prior to the ‘specification of a 1800mm sign, as ifs use implies that certain other measures, e.g. 10 reduce vehicle speed, may be required. 3013.2 PRIORITY JUNCTIONS 3.21 CONTROL AHEAD Sign 300 is used to wam of a junction ahead jad either by Sign 200 (STOP) or Sign 203 so Geb eal fine GIVE WAY lt may only be used in conjur Plate 201 or 302. with supplementary ey ca STOP 100m 50m 302 322 SIDE ROAD(S) AHEAD Signs 303 to 307 warn drivers on @ major road of a junction ahead ana indicate both the layout of the Junction and the prionty route through i The signs appear only on the priority route (indicated by the wider route symbal) and may only be provided when ail of the folowing conditions apply 303 304 () There are no mao type Advance Direction Signs. (il) The june tion is not contralied by trafic signals, (ii) There are no STOP or Give Way signs and/or carriageway markings on the prionty route (iv) Cartiageway markings cannot adequately convey the information to the driver. i Signs 904, 1y have their symbols 305, 306 jeversed where necessary Sign 205 may only be used where the distance between the junction is l295 than that given in Table 32. Othemise two Signs 304 should be used Sign 3065 used to warn of the exit rom @ U-turn on entile speed is greater than 60 kp. In urban areas, It may be used to wam of the exit fom a one-way 307 302Ee) Gee 308 33 ROUNDABOUTS et a 415 Where the distance betwaen two successive junctions ¢ such thal the siting requirement of Table 3.1 cannot be met, the sign should be installed immediately beyond the first, so that the Minimum Clear Visibility Distance is achieved Where a junction warning has to be placed further in| advance of the junction than recommended, it may supplemented by Plate 253 (Oisiance) ning of the second junction 85th Distance Percentile | between Speed junctions kph metres | 60 Ca 100 60-80 200 Over 80 300 | Table 3,2 Junction spacing requirement for Sign 305 Sign 308 may be used as a supplementary plale to tion warming signs on high speed roads, as by the Ministry of Public Warks. her with countcown marker ta Section 4211) to war to a roundabout The signs des of ine catriagaway at 300m fance o! toed Marking $02 (Give Sign 309 is used 10 Plates 414 to 418, 's of thair api located on both 200m ant 100m in a way) 3033.4 MERGING TRAFFIC 310 att 35 BENDS IN THE ROAD 354 SINGLE BEND a2 3.52 DOUBLE SEND 313 Signs 310 and 311 are used in advance of junctions where two sireams of trafic, traveling in the same direction and of equal priorty, merge, eg. at a slip ‘oad joining a main camiageway. They may NOT be Used where one of the joining sireams nas prionty ‘over the over. Sign 310 is located on tha road joining from the lef. ign S11 1s located on the road joining fiom the right Both signs are provided on each side of the camageway Sign 312 is used to give advance warning of a severe bend, Where the bend is to the right, the symbol is reversed. It Ig not possivle to cetine exactly the conditions Under which this sign should be used, as the de; ol hazard that a bend presents depends on a number of variables. However, on dust cariageway roads whore the 86th percentile speed exceeds 80 k.p.h, Sign 312 shauid be provided in advance of any bend of radius less than 400 metres. The sign should be Installed on both sides of the carriageway. Elsewhere each site must be individually assessed — in terms of bend radius, approach speed, visibility, cartiageway superelovation and surface skid resistance — and the sign provided only where itis concluded that the driver would tind aiticulty in negotiating the bend without significantly reducing his speed Sign 318 should be used where two or more bends of similar severity follow in close succession, Le. within the distance shown in Table 33. The direction of the bend symbol is reversed when the first bend is 10 the right. 85th Distance Percentile x Speed (see Fig. 3.2) son aves | Bow eo 2 over a0 on Table 3.3 Double Bend Spacing Distanc: 3.04353 CHEVRON SIGN i> > > a4 ‘Supplementary Plate 340 (Extent of Hazard) should be used if a series of bends cccurs such that it is nat possible to provide signs at the distances given in Table 3.1, itis not then necessary to individually sign each bend, ‘Sign 314 is used in the following situations () ata sharp bend in the road where Sign 312 would not adequatsly convey to the motorist tho severity of the bend. In this case Sign(s) 314 should be positioned as shown in Fig, 32, with the canta ling of the sign aligned with the centre line of the lane or cariageway of the ancoming tate, @ angle of the bend exceeds 90°, more than fone sign may be used. 2 roundabouts Sign 3¢4 should be mounted on the contral (sland opposite each approach as shown in Fig. 3:3, Hf a roundabout apoproach has 3 or more lanes the sign widtn should be increased to incorporate 4 (or more) chevrons, The permissible sign sizes are detailed in Tabla 34. asth | Height | Minimum | Module Percentile | of | Length | Extension Speed | Sign Below ad | 400 1200 600 Overso | goo | 2400 1200 Table 2.4 Permissible Chevron Sizes 3083.6 ROAD NARROWS Signs 315 and 316 are used to warn of reduction in carriageway width where the taper is more severe man the values given in Tabla 35, Sign 318 is used ‘where the reduction occurs on the ottside or, when the symbol is reversed, the nearside, Sign 216 is us where the reduction occurs on both sides, They may be supplemented by Sign 256 (Single Fe Tati), typical a cada, ‘Speed limit | Taper ion 0-45 ting | — a8 45-60 1in 50 | 1in75 tintto | ‘Table 3.5 End of Dual Carriageway Taper37 Signe 317 and 318 a used to warn of the approaching transition from dual carriageway to sing! carriageway, two-way operation. The siting of thes signs relative to the end of the dual carageway is shown in Fig, 34 a8 END OF DUAL CARRIAGEWAY u7 a8 Aadivonal Sign required # B5ih percentie se is over 80 A | Sign 237 at ena ormedian stp Fig. 3.4 End of Dual Carriageway END OF ONE-WAY WORKING Sign 319 should be used on a one-way carnageay to war of the aporoach to a T-junction, with two-way tratfic on the majcr road. 31939 TRAFFIC SIGNAL OPERATION 9.91 TRAFFIC SIGNALS AHEAD Sign 320 should be used to warn divers of their approach 10 any Walfic signal control whether permanent or temeorary, when: eit the installation is remote from simitar installations or i) the clear visibility distance to the primary signal ahead is less than 60 metres. On high soeed roads 2 repeater sign should be 320 supslemented by Plate 253 (Distance). This is normally located at twice the recommenced distance ‘rom the junction (sae Table 3.11 3.9.2 TRAFFIC SIGNALS NON-OPERATIONAL Sign 221 is used 10 war drivers that the traffic signals they 22 approaching are temporatily out of senice, 2 Sign must be removed as soon as the signals, become fully operational 321 340 PEDESTRIANS AND CHILDREN 3.10.1 PEDESTRIAN CROSSING Sign 922 should be used to warn of the presence of an uncontrolled padestrian crossing faciity and should be erected on both sides of t ay con the approaches to the erossing, (On roads where the 85th percentile speed is jess than 45 kph, it shoulc only be used where vsibulty of the crossing ‘impaired. 322 308310.2 CHILDREN Ay 323 dye lite W ele School Playground 324 325, 3.11 ANIMALS Ay 928 342 OTHER HAZARDS 2121 SLIPPERY SURFACE AN sar 35 Bb Slippery road 328 Sign 923, used in conjunction with supplomentary Plates 324 or 325, warns divers of the proximity of a school of playground and should be eracied on bath sides of the carriageway on the approaches to the hazard, Sign 926 sh Jd be used at locations where it is tnat animals may be present on the road. The symbo may be changed to show a sheen or goat fas appropriste Sign 327, together with supplementary Plate 328, shculd be used where there is a graaler risk of skidding than normal. It 1s intended that this sign should be used as a short-term measure and only Until remedial treatment has been complet3.122 DRIFTING SAND 3.123 LOW FLYING AIRCRAFT 329 4S rie Je, Drifting Sand 330 331 3.4124 ROAD HUMPS Speed humps 332 333 20 334 Sign 329, together with supolementary Plate 330, should be usad to war divers of the possibility of driking sand on the carriageway Sign 331 may be used on roads where low flying aircraft or sudden aircraft noise may distract drivers, Sign 332 is used to warn of a single road hump or series of road humps installed on the road to act as @ speed control davice, It should be supplemented by Plate 333 at ne beginning of a residential area or road having several road humps Plate 334 may be us: to supplement Sign 332 t rivers should negotiate the humps) 3103.125 UNEVEN SURFACE Sign 335, together with supplementary Plat used to warn drivers of a potental hazard carriageway surtace iragularties whicn might imoair 335, vehicle contrat. This sign should as remedial action has been taken removed a8 soon wt Bob This sign must NOT be used instead of sees ign 302 Uneven surface 3.128 MAXIMUM HEIGHT Sign 397 is used 10 indicate the maximum height of vehicle tat may pass undemeath as spanning the carriageway, where the clearance of that structure 1s legs than 5.5 metres. The sign is located in advance of t 3 specified in Table 3 may also be moun "6 emphasise ie warning must be al least 1007 meas. 337 Wherever possible an alternative route for vehicles exceeding the stated height should be incicated in ance of the juncton piior fo the structure 3.127 OVERHEAD CABLES Sign 338, together used to warn of a specifies the maximum heigt salaly pass underneath its imponant that warning be To furtner emphasise the warming. hi es may be instaled on the approaches 10 the cab 338 pontMaximum height 5m 399 3.42.8 EXTENT OF HAZARD pS als For 2km 340 3429 PAVED ROAD ENDS. ee eee a cece Sign 341 a - 2 * 3a 3.13 TEMPORARY WARNING SIGNS 3.13.4 HAZARD WARNINGS Sign 342 by Plate 343, 342Zale Sle! te Surveying 343, 313.2 HIGHWAY CHANGES FB eT) Deanery ee 3.14 WARNING SIGNS AT ROADWORKS S a written waming of the nature of @ Fiooa Sign 344 shoud be used oni fe taken inay are familar The requ siting, visti for trangular « New Junction Ahead head Signals Anead, out Aneac t proviced as ae& 345 oo Raed’ Wore Hard shoulder to be used as traffic lane ale End 246 End of Roadworks or Restriction. 350 Vehicles on hard shoulder to rejoin main carriageway 347 Reduction in number of tratfic lanes. aries to show actual layou 38t jersion of tratfic to opposite carriageway Pe > 348 Chevron board 382353 Intermediate direction sign on diversion route 384 Diversion direction sign 355 End of diversion us Single File Traffic 386 Single file tratfic past site of roadworks 357 Warning of loose chippings on road surface 358 Pedestrian to follow route indicated by the arrow ee) sare Bic lait iccle Bucs 359 Permitted legends are: Works Temporary §APPENDIX A 1 gauti ‘SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE MESSAGES. iy LiLSy! olaglll claltaes ENGLISH/ARABIC Apel at TYPE 343 reress Flood dt Census shes! Road Ends eat Lye Survaying Sects Bali nel Smoke obs TYPE 344 reteegs New Road Layout Ahead La ara pay allel New Junction Ahead New Pedestrian Grossing Anead a _ New Trattic Signals Anead w Roundabout Ahead iy No Left Turn Ahead # No Right Turn Ahead ‘NGu-Tumn Ahead Temporary Surface rN oF oh 316CHAPTER ONE — SIGN FACE DESIGN Contents Section Title Page No, 44 General yor 1.2 Basic Principles 101 1.3 Sign Face Layout 108 Appendix A Arabic/English Character Sets 1.17 100CHAPTER ONE — SIGN FACE DESIGN 14 GENERAL ‘The design rules described in this Chapter, it correctly applied, will produce sign faces that are both Clearly legible and unambiguous in content. Certain of these rules are applicable to all directional signing. The remainder dell the way in which each particular sign face is constructed and are described mainly by the use of dimensioned diagrams. All direction signing in Qatar is bi-lingual, the destinations and distances being displayed in both Arabic and English. The aiphabets used ara he Arabic Naskn alphabet and the English alphabet in Transport Medium Serj, The character sets for both alphabets are ilustrated in Appendix A 12 BASIC PRINCIPLES 124 CHARACTER SIZE ‘The size of characters of the Arabic alphabet is defined in terms of the height of the aleph — the ‘aleph-height’, The size of the English characters is defined in terms of the lower case %' — the ‘cheight. The rata of aleph-height to x-haight is 17:1. ‘The size of characters used on directional signing is dependent on the approach speed of vehicles on the road on which the signs are located. The sizes to be used are given in Table 1.1 85th Percentile | Advance Direction Direction Signs Route Contirmatory Signs Signs Aleph- | x-hoight | Aleph- | x-height | Aleph. | x-helght height height height mm mm mm mm mm mm | os 170 100 130 Ec 190 15 | 45-60 170 100 120 7% 190 75 0-20 255 180 170 10 170 100 Over 80 340 200 255 150 150 Characier azes itn Roguiatony ane Waring Sane atm phan i Bart On Table 1.1 - Character Siz character is contained within a te. Ties for Arabic characters are twica tne aleph-haight high but of varying width, Similany, ties for English characters are twice the x-height high but vary in width, 101422 © TEXT BLOCKS 1221 FORMATION Destination place names are formed by butting up the tiles of the required characters. Such an assembly of tiles is celled the text block’ and for 2ach destination or word there will normally be both an Arabic and an English text block ‘The width of a text block is determined by summing the widths of the individual tiles The relative positions of the Arabic and English text blocks are as follows) ()) Where a single destination is indicated, tha Arabic text text block, lock is centred above the English Fig. 1.4 Position of Single Destination Text Blocks (ii) Whare two destinations are indicated, the text blocks are arranged vertically in the order: Arabic, Arabic, English, English. Tha Arabic text blocks are right justlied and tne English text blocks are lett justified. Then, (a) Where the longest Arabic text block is longer than the longest English taxt block the English text blocks are justified to the lett edge of the longest Arabic text biock (b) Where the fongest Arabic text block is shorter than the longest English tex! block, the English text blocks are used to the right edge of the Arabic text blocks sense ops araaic cf ‘ eNGusit Los Fig. 1.2 Position of Oual Destination Text Blocks No mote than two destinations may be indicated for any one exit 1.021.222 — SEPARATION ‘On map-type Advance Direction Signs, text biocks which refer to different exits, but which are in fine sither horizontally or vertically, must be separated by a minimum space of 3 times the x-height Unrelated text blocks which are not in line horizontally or vertically should be positioned by the following construction (i) One of the text blocks is selected and its horizontal and vertical edges nearest the second text block are extended for a distance of 3 times the x-height. The end points of these lines are then joined. (i) The diagonal so tarmad defines the minimum separation between the two text blacks. 3x aaaaic exause Fig. 1.3 Position of Unrelated Text Blocks 123° ROUTE NUMBERS Flute numbar information is displayed in Arabic only, The route number block is constructed es follows (i) The appropriate Arabic numerals are selected andi thair tiles butted together to form the ‘numeral block, (8) Characters forming the Arabic wore Ser (Rout), win an aleph-neight one-third of that of the numerals, are selected. These form the tent block (li) The text block is outted evar the numeral block and the two are centied (w) The route number block is completed by enclosing the assembly in a rectangle or brackats. ag shown in Fig. 1.4 1.03124 125 Lee eee Ld —- eal 1 to . Fig. 1.4 Route Number Block Construction A route number block is placed either one x-height horzontally or 0.5 timas the x-height vertically from tne taxt block(s) to which it relates Associated route number blocks are placed on the same horizontal line and separated by one x-height spacing ‘The minimum spacing between a route number block and an unrelated text or route number block is the same as that required for unrelated text blocks, The minimurn spacing between 2 routs number black and any border, arrow tie ar map symbot is 05 mas the «height DIRECTION ARROWS Arrows are each contained within a ble. Three types of arrow (ilistrated In Appendix A) are used on direction signing Type | — large, non lane specific Type 2 — small, non lane specitic Type 3 — lane specific ‘Type | arrows are used on Signs 102 and 105, except in tha case describad in Section 1.32 where the type 2 arrow is used. ‘Type | and type 2 arrows are separated trom their related text or route number block by 0.5 times the xcheight ‘Type 3 arrows are used on Sign 109. One arrow is required for each lane ol trafic covered by the sign and each arrow is centred abave the lane to which it refers. (See Fig. 18) immes the ’ne minimum space between any arrow tile and a tex! block or an arrow and a border is 0: wcheight. CARRIAGEWAY SYMBOLS. ‘The carriageway symbol used on Signs 100, 10 symbot is one x-neight wide 6 and 107 represents the layout cf the junction. The The par of the symbol representing the approach ta the junction is set perrendicular to the bottom of the sign with its terminal line garailel to ine Bottom border and 0.25 times the x-height from it It is of minimum length 3 times the x-height for Signs 100 and 10t and 2 tmes the <-height for Signs 108 and 107 In cases wnara a text block woule extand below the bottom of the symbol, tne symbo! should be lengthened so thal it terminates on the same honzontal line as the bottom of the text block. 104128 127 ‘Those pans of the symbol representing the forward and side directions terminate in 45° chevrons Their lengths and their relationship to the text and route number biocks are dependent on sign type ‘and are detailed in Section 13 Where two parts of the symbol intersact the comers are rounded using a radius of 0.25 times the xcheight, AIRPORT SYMBOL The airport symbol ilustrated in Apoendix A is always used wherever ‘Airpor’ appears as a destination. The symbol is positlaned to the Ist of the Arabic text block but separated by a distance of ‘026 times the x-height rom it The symbol may point upwards, norzantally or be inclined at 45° so that it is parallel with the assaciated direction arrow or i used cn a Direction Sign, the direction ct the chevran. The minimum spacing between the symbol tie and any border is 05 times the x-height BORDERS Exemal borders are 0S times the x:height wide and have their comers rounded with an internal radius (of 05 times the x-height and an external radius equal to the height. Internat borders are 0.25 timas the x-naight wide. No rounding is provided where an intemal border Joins the external border 1.3 134 SIGN FACE LAYOUT In this section enly those rules whieh may require some clantication are described in the text. The remander are illusialed in the dimensioned diagrams. SIGN 100, The text black for the exit destination is positioned as shown in Fig. 1.5 being centred vertically On the honzontal edge of ine exit carageway symool, This is also the case for dual exit destinations, as shown 1.08132 Fig. 1.5 Positions of Exit Destination Block \Wnare the ahead destination is named or numbered the ahead carriageway symbol terminates at 0.5 times the x-height bslow the text or route number black, Where no ahead destination or route number is displayed, the anead cariageway symbol terminates at 05 times the x-naight ftom the border, Le. level with the top of the exit destination text block The tail of the carriageway symbol terminates level with the bottom of the distance block. Where no stance ig displayed, the tal length reduces to its minimum vaiue of 3 timas the x-height SIGN 101 | 7 i Sign 101 is constructed in the same way as Sign 100. The length of tre camagenay symbol is etermined by the height of the text blacks, the route number symbols and ine spacing between tt 108133 SIGN 102 ase (On the shead destination sign, the arrow and route number block appear on the lett of the sign face. On the exit destination sign, they aopear on the right, Generally, the Arabic 1211 block wil appear above the English text block for both single and cual Gestination signs. Type 1 artows should be usec, with the arrow and route number block arrenged horizontally (with the route number block adjacent to the text block) for @ single destination sign and vertically for a dual destination sign the wath of the carriageway is suffecent, a saving in sign height may be achieved by either (2) for a single destination sign. po: a type 2 arrow should be used, toning the text to the right of the English text. in ths case {p) far 2 dual destination sign, joining the place names by the use of the “&’ character. A tyee arrow should be used 1.07Fig. 1.8 Reduction in Sign Height 134 SIGN 103, loge #(szazinge in upper pane!m accordares wihie nies athe endol 13.4) The route number block always appears to the right of the text block, 1 centred over the lane to which they reter. Type 3 arrows are used. These must ifthe sign raters to two or more lanes, the height reduction rules described in Section 133 may be ‘employed, subject fo the wicth of the modified sign nol exceeding the combined width of the lanes 1¢ which it eters 1.08at p = | Ee Bassin 2 rape ana Egan gulls Fig. 1.7 Reduction in Sign Height The width of a sign, whathar modified or not, is determined by comparing the widths of (i) the upper pane! — consisting of the fongast text block, the route number block, the minimum spacings and the borders, and (i) the lower panel — consisting of the arrow tite or block, the minimum spacings and the borders. ARROW BLOCK ARROW Fig. 1.8 Arrow Tile and Arrow Block 1.09Where the upper panel is wider than the lower sane), the airow tile or block is centred within the lower panel Where the lower panel is wider than the upper panel, the minimum spacirgs in the upper pane! are increased in the following manner: () the 05 xcheight minimum spacings are increased, up to one x-height; (i) the remaining ‘space’ is allocated equally to the 0. x-height and one x-height minimum ‘Spacing unti they reach 2 times the x-height; (ia) any further ‘space’ is allocates equally to all spacings 43.5 SIGN 108 1.10136 SIGN 105 ‘The route numbar bleck always appears next 1 the text block, ‘wnere ine ext is atiead or to the sight, the arrow and route number Block are positioned to ine right ot the text plock. Where the exit is to the let, they apoear to tne left ‘The destinations should appear in the following order, from the top cf the sign downwards ahead ext let exit Fight exit ‘Arrows inclined at 45° are used to indicate a ‘ree-flow’ ext ‘These rulea also apply to Signs 105M, 105A and 1057.(if) Two destinations, with route number block: Fig, 1.10 Dual Destination ‘The route number Dlock is centred aver the carriageway symbol and the toxt block for one vara 168 1a 8x 102" 2541 . 2.80 — Sign Support Nomogram 208242 a NomocRams Pot une Y I 08 16 fs Example 2431 Haight to contra af sign in memes Numbsr of posts Cease Rawr Soar 3x5 ex soe Tied? 9 wxwxse wens woxsora2 = Wages meee3s we7 es exe KS tees | Dx 100489 Wo7es¢ 20x MDS 22% 700 x 100 69 Pets <69 280 x 15059 4 F046 759% 150489 Fig. 2.8a — Sign Support Nomogram 207(v) The required number ot supports for each size of supoor Is given at the foot of the column(s) at which the intersestion(s) occur. wt Subject to the following con 12 preferred combination of support section and number of supports is then selected, ints (a) The span between adjacent supports may not excead 96 metres, (©) The overhang fram the cuter suppart to the edge of the sign plate may not excead 12 metres, (vi) Where two intersection points occur in the same column, the first point to be reached Indicates the correct combination (vii) Sign supports should be positioned as shown in Fig. 2.7 Fig. 27 — Spacing of Sign Supports 206t58s Gerb Dual carriageway (i 1] A ©® | “El J Fig. 2.5 — Sign Separation Fig. 2.6 — Signs Not Requiring Full Vertical Clearance The vertical clearance to the underside of the bottom sign must conform to ihe requirements of Section 2.3.2 except where: ) A regulatory sign is mounted on a trafic signal pale {f) Sign 309 Is used win Sign 414, 418 oF 416 in advance of a reundabout (il) Signs 208, 209, 211 2 are used at the leading edge of a trafic island In these cases the vt sit ical clearance may be reduced to 09 metres, even though the signs may be where pedestrians are present 24 DESIGN OF SIGN SUPPORTS ‘Three diferent cross-sections of sign suppon are available, these being hollow circular posts, hollow rectangular posts and I-beam sections. Sign plates which are lass than 3m* in area may only be supported by hollow section posts. Signs larger than this may be supgorted by any of the permitted sectons. 24.1 THE SIGN SUPPORT NOMOGRAMS Tne nomograms provided in this section are suitable for use in nearly all cases. Howe: would be subject to constant excosure to wind speeds exceeding 10Ckph a separat analysis sheuld be carned ou The nomograms {i) The sign face area and tne height of the centre of on thait respective scales, sign avove ground level (i) These two points. line jained by a straight line which is continued uni st intarsects tne pivot i) Fram this por talline is dawn to intersect the post reference lines. 205232 VERTICAL CLEARANCE Signs erected over footpaths and other areas where pedestrians are present must be mounted so that the height to the underside of the sign is 2.1 metres. Elsewhere, the mcuntirg height may be between 09 and 1.5 metres. 233 ORIENTATION To minimise the ettect of specular reflection from the sign face, the sign should be positioned so that it is at an angle of approximately 95° to oncoming trafic, as shown in Fig. 24, 1 gon onsnsaon 1 She ‘Sqn areniaton aia fpr ce 9 samonenay] Past poe | Fig. 2.4 — Sign Oriontation 234 MULTIPLE USE OF SINGLE SUPPORT Where itis intended to provide more than one sign on a single suppor. the order ofthe signs, trom top fo bottom, should be warning, regulatory, informatory Each sign should be separated from its, neighbour by a cistance equal to 05 timas ihe aleph-height applicable for signs at that locaton, as shown in Fig. 25 204(ii) Bolts — where these appear on the sign lace, they must be coloured to match their surrounding area Sign face material, such as reflectve sheeting, must not be applied over bott heads, (iv) Adhesives. Where materials that have diferent coeticionts of expansion are joined together, the joints must be designed to prevent their failure by shear 23 SITING OF SIGNS Many lactors combina to determine good sign positioning, The position in advance af, ar at, ajuncton ‘or hazard at which a sign should be piaced has been described in Part 1, together with the concep: ot Minimum Clear Visibilty Distance, Furtner considerations are discussed below'~ 23.1 LATERAL POSITIONING All signs must be set back from the carriageway to avoid damage from passing vehicles. The amount of set hack varies according te tocation, a8 shown in Fig. 23. Fig. 23 — Required Set Back Distances 208224 222 223 SHEET CONSTRUCTION ‘The dimensions of the sign plate should equal those of the sign face. Where two or more sheets are used to form the sign plate, none should have an area less than 1m?. Signs which are equal to, or larger than, tne sizes specified in Table 21 will require some form of stifening to meat tha requirements of 8S. 873 with regard to dellection under sanice conditions, SIGN SHAPE SIGN SIZE icular $00 mm glamater Triangular 00 mm height Rectangular Longest side = 1000 mm Fatio of longast to shortest side greater tnan 25:1 Table 2.1 — Signs Requiring Stitfening This stifening may be achieved by any of the following mathads:~ i) Providing a stiflening frame, generally formed trom L-saction or C-section metal stn. This frame may also act as the mounting frame. (il) Forming a flange around the ecges of the sheet(s). The flanges should be at feast 12 mm deep. iy Using heavy gauge sheet(s) \W@ propristary brand of stifening frame is proposed, the manufacturer must show that the systam meets the requirements cf the specification. PLANK CONSTRUCTION The length of the sign plate shouls equal mat of the sign face. The height of the sign plate is determined by whole number multiples of the plank height and therefore may be slightly greater than that of the sign face. (In this case, the sign face should be set oul so that it is centred vertically on the sign plate and the ‘empty’ areas above and below the sign lace should be coloured grey.) All cul ends of plank sactions must be formed to give a flanged appearance, Plank tyoe signs generally will requite only vertical stiening, This may be achieved by the noid attachment of the sign piate to its support. However, the manufacturer of any proprietary system must ‘show that it meets these requirements, FIXING AND MOUNTING Irespective of the type of sign construction, tne Layout and fixing ol both sign plate and frame snould be as simple as possible to acrieve the raquired rigidity. Fixing of adjoinirg members and ol the sign Plata to the frame may be dy any of the lalowing methods, so lang as the method can be shown to be adequate for its particular application () Weiging wo Bh ‘5 — where these are used pror to the aoplication of the sign face material. ney sould b2 countersunk into the sign plate so as lo maintain as smooth a surtace a8 possible Where rivets ate applied after the sign face material has been atixed, their heads must be coloured to match the surrounding area of sign lace Holiow rivets must be canoed to pravant light shining through 202CHAPTER TWO — SIGN CONSTRUCTION, MOUNTING AND ILLUMINATION 24 GENERAL This Chapter considers the various aspects of design and construction of the sign and its supports, its ‘mountings and foundations and the requirements for illumination and/or reflactarisation of the sigh face, A traffic sign Is a functional piece of equipment which will require maintenance and occasional repair Given such attention, a sign constructad to the standards contained herain should have a usetul fe of at least 10 years, Throughout this Chapter the following terms are used— Sign face — the symbol ar legend that is displayed to drivers Signplate — pam al the sign to which the sign tace is fixed Sign support’ — the pales or posts upon which the sign plate is mounted 22 SIGN PLATE CONSTRUCTION Sign plates may be constructed in two eifarent ways: () Sheet construction ~ one or more flat sheets mounted on a frame, as shown in Fig. 2.1 This construction may be used for any size of sign. (i) Plank construation — shaped channel sections assembied to form a ngid sign piat 22). This construction may only be used for signs whose area is graater than 3i ig. asecnoN SF TeAERC a, Fig. 2.1 — Sheet Construction Fig. 22 — Plank Construction 201CHAPTER TWO — SIGN CONSTRUCTION, MOUNTING AND ILLUMINATION Contents Section Title Page No 21 General 201 2.2 ign Plate Construction 201 2.3 Siting of Signs 203 2.4 Design of Sign Supports 205 2.5 Design of Sign Support Foundations 213 2.6 Sign Reflectorisation 219 2.7 Sign Illumination 22t 2.8 Materials for Use in Sign Construction 223 29 Temporary Signs 225 Appendix A Sign Illumination Criteria 228* LEENT | a © ERS 1 ta] Bebb ya LPR EER al a recperceeg * EEE re VESTS py ws 5 =! SF N16 Oise © ST wo! 1 ALLY} a | c Aa wt et rf LL Wy 2H pares 8 Lt » KO): + pcre ee | | 8 } y Cleft y oh T * EA A DH || HAR ERO): STS Te BE i I g : ar, . hieType 1 Arow 35x a 1 —k Y 1 127ic. | | | i" to) | Lope| {1 eoene ye hoe —— TBI be eon25:3 WORKED EXAMPLES 253.1 A Direction Sign, 0.55 m high by 1.85 m wee, is to be installed in an urban area. Determine the type ‘and size of foundation. Solution 6 Determine the mounting height and the number and size ofthe sign supports, See Section 243.1 — Mounting height = 21m No.of suppons = 2 Size ot supports = Type 8 (i) Use Fig. 2.100 or Fig. 211 to determine the type and size af the foundation: From Fig. 2.10, select tne graph for twin supports and 2:1 m mounting height Foundation is Type 1,06 m long Check against Table 22 for compliance with minimum length of foundation requirement For eupgon Type B, minimum fength = 06 m Therefore this solution should be acepted. 2532 An Advance Direction Sign, 430 m high by 9CO m wide, is to be installed on a major rural route. Determine the type and size of foundation, Solution: (@ Determine 1 ‘mounting height ang the number and size of the sign supports: See Section2.432+ Mounting height = 1m No. of supports = 4 Size of supports = Type H (i) Use Fig. 210 oF Fig. 2.11 to determine the type and size of the foundation: From Section 2.5, where more than 2 No. suppers are required, a Type 2 foundation must bbe used, so use Fig. 2.11 From Fig.2.11,forh, = 420 and hy = 1.5, length ot foundation » 1.7m (Check against Table 22 far compliance with minimum length af foundation requirement For sunport Type H, minimum length = 1.3 m Theretore this solution should be adopted. 218SIGN REFLECTORISATION Al road trafic signs must be rellectorised by the application of reflective matetal to all parts ofthe sign face (except those letters or symbols colaured black). This material musi, when illuminated by a vehicle's headlights, reflect light back along as near as possible the same path so that the driver sees the sign brightly iluminated. Rellective material \s graded in ‘classes of reflectivity, namely Class 1 (or High Intensity Grade) anc Class 2 (or Engineering Grade). The required coeticients of retro-eflecicn for each grade are specified in Table 23, MINIMUM COEFFICIENT OF RETRO-REFLECTION (Gandelas/lux/m?) ENTRANCE, OBSERVATION i ua i Mate Bae Red | Yellow | Greer | Bh White Class of Material Degrees? Minutes! rfefrfe]rfefrfe 2 “39 oF 12 36 | 12 [170] 50] 20] 5| 20] 4 [250] 70 oa 2 | 10 |120] a8 | 20) 5] 14] 3 [180] 50 109 2}15{ 12{ 3] +] 1] 1/08] 2] 5 18° 1 30 | 10 | 120] 35 | 20 | 3 | 15 | 3 | 200] ss 20 20 | 8| eola]is| 3} to] 2]rso] 3 oo rs{ 1] a} 2] 1] tfo7foafis} 3 0 oF iz |] s{ af e{ 9] 1] s| 1 [rolis 0 20 3 fas} es} s] 7] 1] 7] oa] ss] 10 1 oo roa} 3}os|osfo2}osjor| s]1s Table 2.3 — Minimum Coetficients of Retro-Reflection Class 1 rettactive material must be used on all signs locatad in areas where straet fighting is present or ‘where there is a high level of background lighting trom some other source. Elsewhere, Class 2 material may be used, ‘The colour of the material must comply with Table 2.4 which, for ease of reference has been plotted to show the chromaticity diagram (Fig, 212). The luminance factors of the material must comly wi Table 25 219| iolialcdatl ch Fig. 2.12 Chramatieity Diagram colour | 1 2 3 4 x y x Y x Y x Y ec oss oso | 089s sis | osco asst 28s Orange | csto —os90 | oss as7s | oscs 40s | a570 aaa Yellow | 051s oa | o4s7 c423 | 0427 oss | 048s 0534 Green [0913 ose | oss 0453 | 024 asoo | corer 0587 Blue core orm | 0198 0282 | 0240 = ozo | aiar cons white oss —ases | ozes = 082s | 0935 aa75 Table 2.4 Chromatieity CoordinatesColour Retro-Retlective Ordinary Colours Rea 0.03 min Oat max | 0.97 min 0.13 max Orange | 017 min 030 max | 0.20 min 0.30 max Yellow 9.48 min 0.49 max | 0.50 min 0.60 max Green 0.00 min 0.00 max | 0.04 min 007 max Blue G01 min 0.10 max | 0.05 min 0.10 max white 0.25 min 0.75 min Grey Not applicable 0.15 min 025 max Black Not applicable 0.05 max Table 25 — Luminance Factors 27 SIGN ILLUMINATION Signs whicn require direct illumination are fisted in Appendix A. llumination should be provided by one or more lanterns of the appropriate ring position in tront of tne Sign face. Generally. gantry mounted signs have the lantern(s) mounted below the sign (see Fig, 2.13) but on ground mounted signs the lanteins may be top or bottom mounted. Each lantern must contain at least two lamps operated on independent, separately fused circuits to quard against failure of one lame andar its control gear. The lamps and any replacement lames must be of the same colour and rating tet Sn at Cownwara liomnanon Upwara tumnaion ighing of Gantry Sign Fig. 2.13 — Possible Lantern Mountings The following general requirements must be met (i) For a top-mounted ‘antarn the outreacn distance, whicn dapencs on tne properties of the lamps and the size of sign face 10 be illuminated. snould be between one-third anc one-half af the height of the sign face. (i) The outreach distance for @ bottom mounted lantem should be between 1 and 2 metres. (ii) Lantern mountings must be arranged so thai they inno way otscure any par of the sigh faca when viewed from the cariageway, nor should they cast shadows across tne sign face during daylight hours, 221(iv) Light from the lantern must be prevented from spilling around the sign plate. This may ‘entail an enlargement of the sign plate to block out any overspill, in which case the extra sign plate area must be coloured grey, as described previously. 2.7.4 LUMINANCE REQUIREMENTS The luminance requirements are divided inte two categones'~ Category 1 — 25 to 180 candelas per square metre Category 2 — 100 to 380 candelas per square metre. ‘These figures ara for mean luminance levels when measured against a piain white test panel. The ‘mean luminance of a sign is the arithmetic mean af luminance values measured within the ‘inner area" of the sign, as shown in Fig. 2.14, The ratio of maximum to minimum luminance shoulg nat exceed 6 : 1 for a Sign face area uo 10 1.8% For larger signs this ratio may be increased to 10 : 1 sen ann ir |» ae | Ppa oa inven aA jhe | Fig, 2.14 — nner Areas of Signs Where signs are located against a background of high luminance level. e.g, good street lighting, shop window displays, etc, Calegory 2 lantems must be Used. Elsewnere, Category 1 lanterns will Suffice 27.2 LIGHT SOURCES In order to achieve the correct colour rendering of sign faces, only certain types of ight source may be used. These are:~ () Hot cathode tubular Muorescent lamps whose colour complies with Standard Colour 2 in Clause 24 of 3S 1853 Par 1, These are generally suitavie for sign lighting due to their (9C0d colour rendering properties and high lumen output throughout their life (i) Coigur corected, nigh oressure mercury fluorescent lamps ot Tyo MBF complying with 8S 3677. These are partoularly suited to the luminaton of large sign face areas anc gantry maunted signs due to their nigh output to size (ol lama) ratio 2.2227.3 274 28 2aa (ii) Tungsten halogen lamps may also be used, but In comparison with the previously described lamps have shorter life and lower efficiency. CONTROL ARRANGEMENTS: ‘The switching of trafic sign lighting may be controlled either locally or rom a remote point and may be done individually or in groups. Group control should be employed where the existing street lighting is under group control, All signs must be separately fused. Sign lighting should be switched on when the ambient lighting level falls fo 70 lux and olf when the lavel ris@s to 100 lux. Whara signs are luminated by low wattage tubular flucrescent lamps, it may be more economical to operate the lamps continuously rather than provide and maintain time switches or Photo-electric cells. However, the increase in total burning hours gained by not repeatedly switching the lamps on and off must be balanced against tha usaful lamp life, .¢. Mumination dunng tha hours of darkness, Where local contrat is required, each sign must be provided with a photo-electric cell programmed to switch on or off at the levels of ambient light specified above, The cell must be damped so that it does ‘not react to short duration changes in levels of light. Either one part or two part cells may be used, but must be of the non-onentated type and installed facing upwards. Where a sign lighting is conircllad trom a remote point, It may be actvaied by time-switch or phole-electric call, preferably linked to the street lighting control. In this case a backup system should be provided to guard against fallure of the control mechanism, MAINTENANCE 1 ig essentias that routine maintenance inspections be carried out on the sign lighting and contro! equipment, both frequently and regularly. Visual inspection of the lanterns should be made by night as well as by day. A maintenance programme should be established to camry cut the fallowing ~ @ Replacement of taulty lamps or equipment, (ii) Bulk repiacement of lamps on a ‘rolling programms’ basis. it is recommended that fuorescent tubes ba replaced ater 7500 burning hours, which represents 12 months continuous use of 24 manths of night-time only use. (in), External cleaning of lantems. (iv) Internal cleaning of lamps, reflectors, ete w Testing of tne control gesr. MATERIALS FOR USE IN SIGN CONSTRUCTION ‘The main requirement of a sign is tna it splays its message clearly until such a time as itis no longer readod. In selecting materiala for use in sign construction, the following should be consideied = (0) The sign may be required to remain in place for up to 15 years without raplacemant. (The environment in which the sign will be located (it) The level of maintenance that the sign will receive. SIGN PLATES Although aluminium and stes! are tne most cornmonly used materials, the use of others such as lastics is not prohibited. However, any other metetial must meet the same construcion ana serviceability standards and be abie fo accept the same surtace finishes as would be applied to metal igh plates, If there is any doubt 28 to the suitability of a proposed material, eld tests must be cared ‘out 10 ceterming whether or not itis accentabie Where aluminium is used, either in sheet or plank form, | must be at least 2mm thick. Similarly, steel be at least 1.25 mm thick 223282 All sheets, planks and/or angle sections that are joined together must be of the same material, or ‘materials that do not intar-react, $0 that b+-metallic corrosion does not accur. Frior to the application of the sign face, the rear of the sign plate must receive one of the following treatments. Hot dip galvanising Anodising Vitreous enamelling Plastic coating ‘An approved painting system The ree of ihe sign plate must be coloured grey. SIGN FACES ‘The materials used to form the sign face must meet the requirements of Section 26. In practice this is usually achieved by ihe use of reliective sheeting material, which consists of minute glass beads held within a thin plastic film, The colours used on sign faces and their surrounds must conform to the standarcs in Table 26 Red BS 3816 No 537 Blue 8S 381C No 109 Yellow BS 9810 No 355 Green 8S 3816 No 228 — for primary route signs BS 3810 No 225 — for trafic signal ahead and similar signs BS 3816 No 693 White 5S 873 Black BS 373 Table 2.6 — Standard Colours SIGN SUPPORTS han selecting the matenal for sign supporis, consideration must be given to the expected conditions ‘a0ove and below ground. Under certain circumstances, for axampie, it may be more aporopriate 10 specify 2 reinforced or prestressed concreta support than use one of the standard section metal suppor, Metal sign supports must racewve anti-corrosion treatment, as describad in Section 28.1. Where hollow saction posts are usad, their loos must be sealed witn a weather-resistant cap, a metab cap is used, it must receive the same anti-corrosion treatment as the post. All sign supports and cans must be finished! in grey. Alematve methods of fixing sign platas to their supports were shown in Figs. 21 and 22 These fags may be fabricated from ataal. aluminium, oF any other auitable metal, or nylcn, but care must Be taken to select materials that do not inter-teact. Whichever method of foung is chosen shoutd alow for easy removal of the sign plate for maintenance ct replacement. Where proprietary fixing systems are employed, ney must be used in accordance with the manulacturer’s recommendations. Any sign supported on a single post must be prevented trom rotating about the post 22429 231 29.2 TEMPORARY SIGNS For signs which are not intended to remain in pasition permanently, ¢.g. at roadworks or a diversion, ccertain relaxations may be made to the requirements for materials and/or construction. Wis important te distinguish between the two classes of temporary sign. PORTABLE SIGNS Within this group fall signs such as roadworks signs which, although they will eccupy particular {ocations for only short lengths of me, wil be used repeatedly. For these, itis racommendad that the materials be as for permanent signs, as they will be subjected to a high degree of wear ang tear during their useful ite Such signs should be mounted in a sturdy but portable frame, usualy constructed of L-section stee! strip. This rame should be af simple construction, using the minimum number of members required for stiffening and support. The joining of ine members and fixing of ine sign plate to the ramme should be to the same standards as for permanent signs. The complete sign should be light enough to be carried easily by two men but sufficiently robust to withstand wind spseds of 100 kph (the frames may be weighted with removable sandbags, or similar), When erected, the sign face must bs suppored at an angle ol nat more than 25° to the vertical and the height of the bottom of tha sign face above the carriageway must not be less than 489 mm, ‘The shace of the frame must not distract drivers’ attention ftorn the sign face and any area of tne sign plate not occupied by tne sign face must be coloured grey. The frame should be designed to accept signs of dierent types. (i.e. regulatory, waming and informatory), of similar overall size but should not be more than 300 mm wider than the size of sign far which itis intended. LIMITED USE SIGNS Tris group consists of signs such a those required during shar term road diversions. In this case, the durability of the signs is not of paramount importance, tne only requirement being that they survive for the duration of the diversion. Hence, materials such as treated board and timber posts, to screws or nalls as fixings, may be used No relaxation is permitted in the standard of materials used for the sign lace. The design of the sign face with respect to layout, shape and size must also be as that for permanent signs, ‘The sign supports and the rear of the sign plate should be given a gray coloured finish. Details of the materials and consiruction methods proposed for limited use signs must be submitted to the Ministry of Public Works lor approval 225APPENDIX A ~ SIGNS TO BE ILLUMINATED This matter is still under review by the Ministry of Public Works. Hence the lighting requirements for any signing scheme will be established when the scheme is submitted for approval. 226CHAPTER THREE — VEHICLE CRASH BARRIERS AND PEDESTRIAN GUARD RAILING Contents Section Title Page No. 3.4 Vehicle Crash Barriers 301 3.2 Pedestrian Guard Railing 3.09 3.0034 ant aaa 3120 a122 CHAPTER THREE — VEHICLE CRASH BARRIERS AND PEDESTRIAN GUARD RAILING VEHICLE CRASH BARRIERS DEFINITION A crash bammer may be defned as a structure capable of both absorbing the energy of a venice impact, ‘anc inducing that vehicle 10 follow the line of the bersier without gyrating. overturning or being dellected into the path of vehicles ‘raveling on the same carageway The puroase of a crash barrier nsta/aton is twofold ts', to reduce the severty of an accident caused by @ vehicie unintentionally leaving the carageway and second, 19 prevent vericies purposely enterng the camageway oF crossing the median stip al locations where fo do so would be unsale CRITERIA FOR BARRIER PROVISION Crasn pamers should be mstalied an the median str and/or ine verges of all new Primary and rural dual-carriageway Secondary Routes and on similar existing roacs at locations where one or more the following enter are met FOR BARRIERS ON THE MEDIAN STRIP (6) The B5In percentie vehicle see 1s greater than 8okph i Thera costructions such 23 bndge oiers, sign gantry legs or trees, ii) There are lighting cours Iv) The citterence in median channel levels excaeds 1 metre and/or the slope across tne median exceeds 25% ¥) At lozations wrere unaurhon users do or ccula take place 20 turning ar crossing movements hazardous 10 other road FOR BARRIERS ON THE VEAGES. i) At obstucn legs "6 Such as Bridge aoutmenis, nosis of Advance Direction Signs or (09 The 85tn percentie vericie speed exceeds 8CKpN and inere are substantia) oDst ‘other than these mentioned anove closer than 1S metres fram the eds of vupning ane ructons the nearsice On embankments gereraily greater than 2 metres in high 1W) On other embankments where there is a hazard of teature requiring protection at or near the tect ot ine sions TYPES OF CRASH BARRIER Four types et barer at approved for general highway use in Qatar these being uatensioned biocked-cul beam, tensioned corr beam, tens.onga wits ropa ang Naw Jersey protie corcvers barier Otner paren tyoes. 2g. Open or closed box teams whose primary function is he grotecton af nighway structuras such as bids ciers, et2 are considered to be an integral part of the structure ang 80 are specited on an individual basis Consequently tncse barmers are no! dealt wih in ins document gor3131 3132 3133 BLOCKED-OUT BEAM Fig. 3.1 Blocked-out Beam TENSIONED CORRUGATED BEAM Fig. 3.2 Tensioned Corrugated Seam TENSIONED WIRE ROPE Fig. 3.9 Tensioned Wire Rope This Dainer tye emcloys a beam of corrugated Section which ig ngidly affixed te C or Z-section steel posts by means of biocking-out brackets. Is main use is fo provide protection aver short lengths (typically 50 metres} a obstructions. paticularly wnere space for ettection is limited. However, the biccked-cut beam does no! provice as high a degree of containment as lensioned bamers end Is not recommended for use on rozas wnere the 86th percentile speed is greater man 80ken, Tensioned corrugated beam corsists of comugated sections similar to those employed 1 the blockec-out beam, affixed 10 '7' Section steal posts by srear bolts with the end beams being anchored anc the complete bamer tensioned. It may be usec, 7 either single cr ouble sided configuration, on the median sinp and (on the verge where installations of bamer greater than Tensoned wire rope barriers employ one ar more Stes! ropes supported on cosapsibie posts. It Provides a suitable alternative to beam type barers in Situations whare bamers of larger section would ‘cause anfnng sand to accumulate on the camageway where ctoss-carageway visibility 's an important consiaeraon or where the environmental impact of the bamer needs to be mnmmiged Tansiones wire rope may Be used on doth ne median Strip and tne verge but ts fexbiity ang consequent detlecter clearance requrements (18 met mynimum) wil often preclude it ftom being used 1c protect roadside structures. It should not 98 usec or Gunes with radius less than 600 meses Due te 1s method of action. t's imocrtant inatine wire rope De ngrailes such thar is neg" relate To me genera’ ground level is conatar’ The tun-of area Detweer carageway and oartiar show's ce hardened 10 provige & lim running surta ims narganed area should also exiena 2 metre Beyond tne line of the barre: ‘0 allow for getiection unger meer Wherever possibie 3023134 344, 314s 3142 3143 3144 NEW JERSEY CONCRETE BARRIER New Jersey concrete barier may be einer single of coubiesiced and sould be used in stuatons where the mean sino of verge is so resticted in width that ¢ tne requires munmum Solecion clearances fr othe: bare ypes carret ae acheved may iso 98 used o cr a temporary basis, eg. 10 segregate opposing tows on cual carnageway cons ow systome were iis consicered at separation by talc cones and/or oles would be adequate The height at which a vehicle makes contact with the bamer is cctical and so the run-off area between cariageway and barner should be nardened Fig. 3.4 New Jersey Concrete Barrier BARRIER SITING REQUIREMENTS GENERAL Tre recommended layout for a tensioned corrugated beam insiallation is shown in Fig. 35. Some varaon of this layout to accommodate spectic local conditons 18 permissible Dut the following crincipies must be D08yex i The leading end of the barrier mus: be llared back from the eage of camageway 80 that venicies cannot pass pening the barrier ‘The trailing enc of a barnes on the median sing ust be protectes trom oncoming vehicles ‘oy the aporoach fare of ine barner assocated with the opposite camiageway (i) On roads with an 86th percentile speed greater than €OkpN, the min:mum overall lengin of baer is 50 metres The barrer must axtena atu) he gn! for at eas! 30 metres m advance of the structure it \¢ protecting and at least 75 metres oeyord f SET-BACK The distance between the traf tace of tne barrier and the eage of Ine carriageway termed the set-back. This must nol be less than 12 meres unless a hard-shaulder 1s proviged. in which case it may be reduced 10 06 metres HEIGHT OF BARRIER, ‘The optimum he:ght tor each Dames type 1s scectiod n Table 31. Where the set-bacé to :ne Darrer iS 88 thar 15 metres, ine heignt \s measured reatve to the edge of ine camiageway Where Ine SL-Dack 1s greater inan "5 merres, the height is measured relative to the genera! ground leva bereatn the barter. DEFLECTION CLEARANCE The minimum ciear distance betwee the ree 31 or gan barne” type clea i Taba 1@ barnes and any Ioed onject 16 5 30331.45 VISIBILITY CRITERIA In the design of new carnageways the calculation of overtaking sight distance and minimum stopping Sight distance snouls take into account the positioning of crash barers. Simiiarly, when installing barriers on existing roags adaquate visibility musi be ‘naintaned, in no case may visibility be recuced 2 below the absolute minimum stopping sight distarce applicable to the read in aus HEIGHT CLEARANCES oF BEAM/| POST TPE ROPE | BRACKET DESIRABLE ABSOLUTE! CENTRES | SPACING | MINIMUM MINIMUM (mm) (m (mm) (m) Tension Corrugated Seam {TCB\ (an collapsible costs) Single-sided TOS a0 32 120 +00 [ single-sigec TCE e | 120 one yp Ooubie-sided TB 610 32 190 06 Coubie-sces 108 610 16 1.99 oe Steel Wire Rope 835 2a 200 180 (on collapsible posts @locked Ou! Bean (G08 530 32 (120) (Ges) f (on rid posts} Blocked Qu! Beam (808) 530 18 (100) 30 New Jersey Protie are - - - Concrete Barriar ig Table 2.1. — Vehicle Crash Barriers — Types and Clearances at Obstructions 3148 ENO TREATMENTS The leading and ot any crasn barnet should be angled ack from the lina of the Garner ag shown in Fig. 35 Altermativaly the Darer may OF an energy apsoroirg terminal of a tyoe approved by the Minstry of Public Works, arrangement 's snow" 7 Fig 37 put al ind lavel anchor black and toag he taling eng of ine barrier may 98 termingied none of ie following wars Ly A ground iove: ar ) Anga tun ne 304as 3181 3152 FIXING AND ASSEMBLY PROTECTIVE PRETREATMENT AND COMPONENTS, Frio to mstalaton, all steel components must be galvaneed by the hot-dip process in accordance wir 8S 729. Par 1 ALIGNMENT Except at a flare oF ramo, the Honzontal aligrment of te erected barrier may not Gepart trom the carriageway aignment by more than Summ and any devation must not exceed 10mm in two successive, connected lengins o! bar The vertical alignment may not vary from that sp In Table 31 by more than 30mm and any eviation must not exceea Smm in two successive connected lengths of barrier 305wag paye6ni109 pouojsuay s°¢ “614susie oGesoyauy ween perebnii09 peuorsues ot Bis 404 NWSE ANOO 1804 JOVHOH my iL rn 507Fig. 3.7 Energy Absorbing Terminal 3083133 POST FOUNDATIONS All posts for biccked-out beam and tensioned corugated beam barriers are set in concrete foundations as sown in Fig 26 Posts for stee! wite roge bamers are set in precast concrete block fourcatens These founcations must comply wth the requirements of the Qatar Natoral Bulding Spectication. 3.1.54. TENSIONING The tensioning cf tensioned corrugated beam and sieel wre rope bamers musi be cared out in accordance win the manutacturer's recommendatiors. Tensionec corrugated bear" should have a minimum tensile strength of S20kN. Stee! wire rope should nave @ minimum applied tension of 136OKN 32 PEDESTRIAN GUARD RAILING 3.2.1 DEFINITION Pedestnan guard raling \s used to crannelise the flow ot pecestrans to selected crossing pants and 80 prevent uncontralleg crossing which wou'd be hazardous to pedestrians end crvers 3ike 222 CRITERIA FOR GUARD RAILING PROVISION Guar railing snould be provaed li! where pedestrians crossing movements accut near, but not at. an existing designated crossing pont: (0), were general, uncontrolled crossing causes @ haracd (ii) at any new designated crassing oo nt Sites that require ne prows.on of guard railings are usually lacated in urban areas. Typically these sites (0 Uncontrolled pecestnen crossings. Le. marked crossing points remote from junctions, (i) Pedestnan operated signal contrallacs crossings. Where such cossings operate across a dual carnageway they are generally installed as two incepencently operated crossings wah an offset between them on the median sing. Barriers snould be installed to contain pedestrians witnin Ino area belween the two crossings. ni Cresaings at wunctons 3.2.9 TYPES OF PEDESTRIAN GUARD AAILING 3231 ‘SEE-THROUGH’ GUARD RAILING In this type of barrier. me gare! infil of vericat bars is terminates below the top rail Divers are able to soe through the top conion of the barner ard hence detec! the presence of children. elc, whist an adequate bamer neignt is mairtaires Fig, 9.8 'See-through’ Guard Railing 3093232 OFFSET RAILING —— JU Fig. 3.9 Offset Railing <0 2.24 GUARD RAILING SITING REQUIREMENTS 3241 HEIGHT To improve visibility thraugh the infil panei the vertical boars are offset from the cenre line ofthe railing, whist this 6 very elfectva, care musi $e taken, Dott when specitying and during instalation, to ensure that the oivect n of offset 1s correct for ine direction of vehicle Tne neght of the guard raiirg shoue comaly wih the typical deta illustrated beow Fig, 3.11 Typical Detail of Guard Railings3242 325 32st 3282 3259 SET-BACK Guard railings snould be set back a minimum distance of S0Gmm trom the edge of carlagenay, FIXING AND ASSEMBLY PROTECTIVE TREATMENT AND COMPONENTS Prior to mstalatior alt fthylene vinyl acetate coating applied by the lluidise bed or other accroved process. AUIGNMENT The hanzantal ago! more than 3mm The barrier must be erected such that itis tly vertical POST FOUNDATIONS, Foundatons must comply with the requirements of the Qarar National Building Spacification. teelwork must be thoraughiy cleansed and a thickness not less than C4mm of tof the erected guard raling may not deviate from te designed alignment byCHAPTER FOUR — INFORMATORY SIGNS Contents Section Title 4.1 General 4.2 Information to Drivers 43° Information to Pedestrians Appendix A Sizes of intormatory Signs Page No 40 402 408 40844 44a 442 CHAPTER FOUR — INFORMATORY SIGNS GENERAL The signs ilustrated in tis Chapler give information to the road user regarding his locaton or facilities aralabie inthe viii. Unlike ose speciied in Chaoters Two and Thre, they have ne regulatory or warming effect gains which ove information to crvers display symbols and/or text and vary in size according to the pat Patcentle vehicle speed. Symbol signs are generaly availabe in ether twe ce tang Sizes (soe ‘Sbperdis A) and the aparopiate size fr each speed band's gwen in Table 41 tegetrerser character 8128S for the text signs When siting these signs, care must be taken to ensure t achieved, at the Minimum Clear Visibility Distance is 85th ‘Symbol Signs reikGs Minimum ci Percentile ‘available fons Visibitity speed in ‘Character Helght Distance Aleph-height (mm) m kph 2aizes | 3sizes (oehetone (nay (Note 2 0-60 Smal Smait 85 © 0) 60-80 Large | Medium 130 75 (75) Over 80 Large 170 100 (100) Note 1: Alepv-teight and cneght are aetied in Part Two Chapter One Note 2: Stncercostuctors mich as tate signa! poles wad lamp Gouurns may be igrered Table 4.1 Sign Sizes and Visibility Distances mation 10 pe }eSi"aNS are each available in one size only (sea Appendix A) 40142 Chee Ge er Bin Omran Q 422 423 INFORMATION TO DRIVERS TOWN OR AREA NAME Sign 409 indicatas to drivers the name of the town or erea that they are enterng. The sign should be at the start of the built-up area rather than the geographic boundary Sign 401 indicatas to dnver Particular town or area tat they are leaving the 400 401 U-TURN AHEAD Sign 402 is positioned on tie median strip in advance The required siting | sth } siting | | Percentile | —aistance | speed | kph (metres) 20 «a S should be inning of ne daceler NO THROUGH ROAD424 LANE DISCIPLINE which lanes are available for 8. The number of lanes respond with the 404 425° PARKING to indicate a parking place fo on-street parking bays or may be incorporated in 426 © HOSPITAL they ave 427 POLICE STATION Ger 407428 — WEIGHBRIDGE aa aioe Sign 408 is used t a Mae eet) venicies the location ct a weighbridge station. Tr — dist dad below 408 429 EMERGENCY TELEPHONE Sign 409 is used on Primary and Secondary Routes 19 the DA 5D Mia reel 409 4.2.10 PRIVATE ACCESS Sians a0 a ie [aves Pepe an No entry, | 3 we ana42.11 COUNTDOWN MARKERS ae \\\ 44 415 4212 SERVICES a7 Hote! or Mote! 420 Picnic Area a8 Restaurant camp Site Countdown Markers 414 (0 416 2 Sign 309 to warn ai roundabout. The signs nearside and of-side 0 200m ano a $02 (Give W iwoned on ay the slope of the ti 1ed on the felt han a The colour of the ot road on which thay a wth while stripes ana & background with white secondary Routes and why ae sinpes ang ns may also on tne neat Signs 417 to 427 wousive ate used te a9 Refreshment 422 First Aid Station425 428 427 Breakdown Service Information Office Mosque 43 INFORMATION TO PEDESTRIANS 43.1 PEDESTRIAN CROSSING 428 Sign 428 s Single carriageway Dual carriageway Fig. 42 Location of Sign 42843.2 PEDESTRIAN SIGNAL INSTRUCTION Sign 429 is provided at 3 pedesinan be incorporated within ihe push-button cabinel of appear as @ sep: 429 433° FooTeRIDGE Sign 430 may be us atbridge The plate m: Sign 431 may be used 10 indicate the locaton subway The plete may be ext t on ar402 403 404 405; 409 #0 at 412 413 aa ans 416 Re 418 ag 420 42 22 APPENDIX A — SIZES OF INFORMATORY SIGNS Description U-turn aneaa No through roaa Lane asseiguine Parking Hospital Emergency Telephone Private Access Sign Prvate Access Sign Private Access Sign Prwate Access Sign Countaown Marker Countdown Marker Countdown Marker Hotel ot Motel Pesta Retreshment Peeve Aran camp See Fiat Aid Staton Buble Teeptone Pave) Filing Staion Sreaxdoun Service Iomaren Otce wosave Paaestran Crossing rnemvefon So Footage Suoway Sign Dimension 750 x 750 1900 x 1000 1250 « 1260 500 x 500 60 high $09 higr 1200 nigh 800 1200 1350 1380 1100 1880 1100 1650 1100 650 500 15 5a x 278 528 x 275 Aloph-hoight (cheight) mm 425 (25) 3 (60) 120 (75) 425 (25) 5 (50) 130 (75) 38 (20) a (50) 6 7s) 85 (60) 65 (375) 170. (100) 170 (190) 170 (100) as iso) 130178) 55 160) 130 (75) 85 (50) 13075) 25 (50) 130 (75) 8S (0) 130 (75) 85 (50) 30 (75) 8 (50) 130 (75) 85 (50) 132 (78) 85 (80) 130 (75) (75) 130 (50) 25 (50) +30 20 85 65 Comments, Wath vanes depenaing | ‘on number of lanes and arts Envy No Ext No Eniry Exit ‘X00 metres 200 metres: 100 metres Distance of arrow may be splayed Distance or arrow may be ospiayed Distance or arrow may be dispiaved Distance or arrow may be aisplayec Distance ar arrow may ne aisolayed Distance oF arrow may be displayed Distance or arrow may be : displayed Distarce or arom may be displayed Distance or arrow may be displayes Distance or arrow may be | displayed Distance or arrow may De disciayed narrow may be 12 below tex! Oirectan arrow may De neluded beow textCHAPTER FIVE — ROAD MARKINGS AND STUDS Contents Section Title Page No 51 General 501 5.2 Classification of Road Markings Sor 5.3 Transverse Markings $07 5.4 Longitudinal Markings 509 5.5 Other Markings 5.08 5.6 Worded Road Markings 518 5.7 Road Studs 520 5.8 Reflectorization of Carriageway Markings 527 5.9 Materials 521 Appendix A-F Road Marking Layouts 322-27 Appendix G Extended Character Set 5285.4 52 53 54 ‘CHAPTER FIVE — ROAD MARKINGS AND STUDS GENERAL Ficad markings pertorm a vital task in tne control, waming and guidance of road users. They may b= used in conjunction with road signs to supplement the information given by the sign or on their own to provide iniormation thai cannot be oronerly convayed by signing, Whilst the benefits to be gained from positive and clear road markings cannot be overstated itis Necessary to bear in mind their limitations, Designs that result in complicated arrangaments of markings. e.g. channelissing cf trafic lanes aver long distances or through ‘non-standard’ junctions, and which are relied on to segregate apposing trafic flows are unlikely to be successful. Apart from any problems dus to criver comprehension, the very high rate of deterration or markngs experianced in Cater aictates that reliance shouid not be placed solely on road markirgs as a means of control. Its strongly recommended that careful consideration be given to the role of road markings and their d2sign at a5 early @ stage as possioe n the formulation of gesigns for new o* improved junctions. CLASSIFICATION OF ROAD MARKINGS. Read markings may be grouped inlo three categories i) Transverse Markings These marsings are set sigh oF signal 108s the camageway and are associated wit trafic control by ii) Longtudinal markings play an important part. particularly urban greas, in mainiaining road salety by guiding and, wnere necessary, contining trafic to the epproprate lane. Theit use also ensures thet the avalable carriageway space may De used to its maximum capacity (ii) Other Markings This group compnses those markings which, by means of their snepe ot colour, moar information 0 indicate the presence of restriciens to be observed. H should be noted that, except wr e spectied otherwise, all road markings are Wi TRANSVERSE MARKINGS THE STOP LINE 500 cae ae ‘Marking 500 15 used at trafic-signal contro rea signal is d'splayad junctions to indicate wnere verucles must stop when 2 Iris also used at pvorty before procescing ia t tne STOP lions controlled by Sign 200 (STOP) te indicata where orers should stop unetion, having ascertained that the major road 16 ciear The sqniicance of ang the enitena for ts use are cescribed in Cnapies Two At signal.controlies lunctons, Ine marking 1s installed as sown in Aggerdix A the marking sould De instaliec cn tne line of the eage of ine major caragoway (see Appendices ang C) Only in ex: ‘ay be localec e'sewnere and 1 snouia never ©: 10mm of the OBtN normally tolowed by Ine Neat Sica Whesis of vericies On Ine pron ju al citcumsian. honed wtnin 5075.3.2 THE GIVE WAY LINE (PRIORITY JUNCTIONS) xe oe ihe 501 2 Marking S01 s used at snould yield to vent may ofty junctions controlled Dy Sign 208 (Give Way! 10 indicate where dnvers fon the major road. Its aways 2 ved cy Marking 503 (Give Way Its positon in relanon to the eage of the major carriageway is tne sare as that of Marking 500 (STOP, Shawn in ADDeNdix O Where trafic joins the major road on a centte ine of the minar road tor a ai the scosleration splay 1s marked with © provided from the The temaining length of rate edge of carriagonay maraing 28 equal to the width of that app 0p 533 THE GIVE WAY LINE (ROUNDABOUTS) wers should yieid to vehicles alrgacy by Marking S03 {Gwe Way tangie, as shown in Lnction with Sign 208 (Give Yay! Dut a 5.3.4 THE GIVE WAY TRIANGLE Marking 503s ase 2 10 3 mete 025.35 ROUNDABOUT WARNING MARKING (‘SHARKS TEETH’) + : oy 504 Marking 8041s th percentie speed on an approach 54 LONGITUDINAL MARKINGS $4.1 LANE MARKINGS Marking 505s Pemary rere the 85In ps . Marking 508 = sec542 WARNING MARKINGS a 6000 thie Marking 507s suostivies for Markings sed in the tollowng circumstances: to watr arivers of @ nazard areas and sho. () On the approaches te al! junctions as ilustrated in the Aogendices. The minimum numper Of marking Modules (ue ine plus gap varies according to Ine type OF junction as detailed Table 5 Approach 85th percentile speed kph | | Priorlty Jet/Roundabouts | Signal Controtied Junction Usturn aciacent j Ber of|i) Where the Forward Visibility Distance falls within the mits specified in Table 52 ] 85th percentile speed kph oa 48-60 | 6090 | Overao Upper Limit metres 125 175 300 Lower Limit metres 75 100 150 175 y Dstane tals seow ie omen an Sg carci rE ne Covele Line Sy ‘Table 6.2 Visibility Criteria for Warning Marking 54.3 PROHIBITORY LINE dene 120 508 3 that they may not leave tne lane in which they are travelling Its used alfc-signa’ cartrovec junctions ang roundabouts to pravent weaving movement (On, and extends 24 metres from the STOP er Give Way line, a5 Marking 508 i-cica: a1 pronty junctions. in ine Immediate wiomty othe ju aporopniate 505DOUBLE LINE SYSTEM 120 420 120 fe sco see 2000 7000 508 510 Markings 509 anc 510 are used on two-way single camagenay roads where the Forwatd Visibility Distance falls below the lowes imits species in Table 5.2. The continuous line indicates to rivers # ‘may may net leave Ina lane in which they are traveling Marking 5 ity 18 rastucled in one direction only Where it is fost auec 1s usec wnere jon. Marking 510 1s us548 EDGE OF CARRIAGEWAY MARKINGS “hs | i | 2 | i is i | vO i j ' TK . sale [i wf 1 r Toe : i | i 4 | | . Marking $11 5 used to movcate tne edge of carriageway al a road junction o fay-by. In urban areas its 2180 used on certain reads to deineais a continucus parking strip between the man camageway anc herbed adge. Marking 512 's used 0° roads 19 uroan are suburban areas and on minor rural toads to indicate the edge o! carriageway where no hard shoulder nas bas” prowded and ine edge of carrageway 18 No? dafned by a Kerpine Marking $13 5 us fo indicate the edge of carnagemay ] on all Priary and Sec dary Routes (0) on ai oer roaas where 3 hard shoulder (whether kerbed oF rot) has been provided lis) 10 replace Mareng 512 wnere prohiptory or warn camagenay markings exist in the centre of the ‘On Primary Routes, Marking 513.6 coloured yellow and designated §13Y Nominal carriageway width — 8m or 12m a a 275 (228) for 150 (200) marking ———1 Fig, 5:1 Location of Edge of Carrlageway Markings 50755 584 OTHER MARKINGS LANE ARROWS t 2400 2000) 514 515 516 0 tatfic-signal contcllag ane pron 1 chosen ext The directo jons may be shown an any Markings 514, 515 2 uanations to each arrow h Kon, of lass two arrows snouid 5 80 Ko a turd arrow snould be P or Give Way line at which the artows should be installed are given in Tebie 53 | Distance in metres speed ‘tise oso | 6080 =| verso 3 na Table $.3 Location of Lane Arrows5.52 BIFURCATION ARROW ao a al lare may be widening (@ g in aavans a doce trolled junation) The menking is not mtendec eleralion tapers at T-junctions the 85th percentie spead exces nial in the lane approximately 20 matras (1 3! he dive Marking 518 5 Fig. 5:2 Warning arrows In advance of doubie line systerasth percentie, sence) | arrow ‘speed Arrow. = [4 2) 3 o | 0-60 wo} 4) - | 6 | 60-80 jo}e]/-| 6 | | Over 80 wm] os | we 0g | eee eee Table 5.4 Locetion of Warning Arrow lane carnageway in advance of 9 arrow is positioned wn the magic i t9 the left or nght depend ofthe narowing a! why where the sume tobe drospes anes 30m Fain at.which wid a= stare toeguce eee 5.5.4 CROSS HATCH AND CHEVRON MARKINGS555 Marking 519 1s used to separate opposing streams of tratic prior to or folloning @ physica! separation such a5 the median sinp o° a trafic island Marking 520 's usec to separate acjacont streams of trafic travelling in the same direction in advance of physical separation. The marking may De used, with the direction of ine chavrons reversed, 19 ‘extand a physical separation to control merging seams of trafic, Marking 521 is substitutes for Marking 520 on Phmary Routes MINI-ROUNDABOUT MARKING [20305 7655 —ay 5000-10 000 diameter 2500-5000) diamet 522 Marking 522 may de used to conver existing priory junctions of urban local and access roads to roundabout operation. This may be required where the pattern of rafic movement nas altered and/or the operation of the junction results in unacceptable congestion on the minor approacnies). The marking has the meaning that any vehicle aporcaching the Give Way line must ge pronty to those vehicles approaching from tne a lett directions whose route through tne junction causes them to cross the path of the frst vericie. The pnnciple ig ilsstrated in Append F.5.5.6 PEDESTRIAN CROSSING MARKINGS for crossing Fig. 5.4 Pedestrian Crossing at Trattic-Signals rac signa216-20 Marking 529 where the crossing is not controlled by 5ing but alsa na: emt a pedestian Hic wearing that no venicie At uncontrolled ngs, Marking 523 and 524 ara positioned as illus: snould be not ign 246 2° Marking 527 may bs 988:9g shoulG ft be considered necessary 1d in Figures § Sand $6 it parking &r the eyi from the S — ES 1 weet i ve 1 Fig. 5.6 Uncontrolled Crossing on Dual Carrlageway557 BOX JUNCTION MARKING 2000 (2500) when th boundary is mare nan & in length \ 3000 «nn. 30000 max, Marking 525-7 ‘out at nght angies (or as nagar 1es being set parallal to tne Fig. 57 Rectanguiar BoxWhere the box is reau only nal the markings '¢ half of he carrageway only, ft § Set out as a full box but provicea, as shawn ROX BRO CRD REX ra Fig. 5.9 Non-Rectangular Boxes55,8 WAITING RESTRICTION MARKINGS Ss suppienen Signs 246 anc 247 ana may 5.59 KERB MARKINGS AT JUNCTIONS PAVING 528 Marking 523 tet: a5.5.10 PARKING BAY MARKINGS Kerb Line 523 500 1000 520 Markings 529 parking bays on oF at 10 the highway5.5.11 5.6 584 ROAD HUMP MARKINGS 500 500.1900 ° Kerb Kerb =t — 531 road nump Type S85 studs WORDED ROAD MARKINGS GENERAL Markings 632 2° markings iors forming ! verticaly to improv it alept- height o approat Ratio of Elongation Vertical Horizontal | Under 45 3 1 Over 45 1 Table 5.5 Character Sizes562 553 STOP MARKING Marking 832 2) 0°) ‘SLOW MARKING Marking 533 “387 ROAD STUDS 57.1 REFLECTING ROAD STUDS Reflecting studs ars normally orovided on all roads away Irom areas of ste! lighting, atnougn. certain lit roads may requte studs, as directed by the Ministry of Public Works, ‘The stud type and oplour, anc the carriageway marking with which they are assocated, are shown in Table $8 stud] Colour Use| Road Marking Spacing in metres for Type: Single Cwey | Dual C'way 350 | white/write | Lane Marking | 505, 506 18 - 550 | White/Wnite | Lane Marking | 807, 808, 509 8 - | 510 ssi | Whte/Rec | Lane Marking | 805, 606 = 8 581 | wnie/Rec | Lane Marking | 507 - 9 Fed/Red Nearside 512,513 18 18 Edge Marking 552] Red/Rea | EdgeMarking | 519,520,521 3 3 553] Amber/Red | Offside Edge | 512.513 - 18 Marking 553 | Amber/Rec | Offside Edge | 519, $20,521 3 3 Marking 584 | GreenGreen Nearside 51 8 8 Edge Marking | Ampertamber| ReedHume | 501 Transverse alam centres Neto: Whera used in conunction asin Marking S08, the etuce i be poationed Yo the nersi of me marking, rave ro tats sppreachegthe jurcior Table £6 Road Studs and Associated Carrlageway Markings 872 NON-REFLECTING ROAD STUDS 5721 WHITE CERAM S §TsDs. These studs may teused as a substtute for reflective road studs where street lighting 18 provided. A! present ney may Se used only in conjuncton with the following road markings: aso nese studs, eg. at jun he wear ralg of thermoplastic or panted road ery Figh, are stil una the Mistry of Public Works 5722 sTUDS to, ard te 0 war? of the apoio fe @ pedestrian crossing 52058 REFLECTORIZATION OF CARRIAGEWAY MARKINGS S81 Cartiageway markings are normally retieciorized by the acation of spherical glass beads to the marking materai during mixing and Dy the application of further beads to the surface of the marking dung application, This extra relectorization is not suitable lov lane and hand-laid markings in areas where the abliteraton of markings is @ problem. 59 MATERIALS 591 MARKINGS Camageway markings will normally be formed using supenmposed Thermoplastic or Hot Sprayed Plastic complying witn the Qatar National Building Specttication (NSS) Clauses 19-4005 ana 19-4.08 Alternately the foliowng materals are Deing evaluated by the Minssty of Public Works, wnose approval must be obtained prior to their use. i Twin Pack Poiyuretnene (Marine) paint (i) Protapncated Sheet Matenal Paint is used for Marking $27 5.92 REFLECTING ROAD STUDS Rellecting road studs used in Qatar are “double-sided”, having a multi-afiex lens stip of the aporoprate colour set on tne Iwo faces parpendicular fo the direction ol trac How ‘Those studs intended for permanent use should have the lens strips housed in a cast aluminium Dase ‘wath integral ant-shear pin. This pin is inserted into a pre-oriled hole in the road surlace ang anchorec by means of an adhesive. grout or hot poured bitumen, ‘Studs whicn have no ant-shear pin and are bonded 10 the road surface oy an adhesive 2.9 epoxy cement, should only ba used in temporary situations such as the diversion af trafic ianes at roadworks Exceptionaly, they may be used m jocations where they would be subject 10 very ite trae loading ©9 with the ofside edge oF carrageway marking on a dual carnagemay toad NON-REFLECTING ROAD STUDS When use of whe ceramic mataral 100 mm ciameter as a lane maraing © mus Square metalic aluminium or stainless steel stugs ere used to celineate or warn of pedesinan crossings. 521APPENDIX A — ROAD MARKINGS AT A TRAFFIC SIGNAL CONTROLLED JUNCTION Note ‘Tow positon of Primary Signals ana Give Way Signs are shown _Secordaty Signs ard al otha sigrig nave beer ome or laaAPPENDIX B — ROAD MARKINGS AT A PRIORITY JUNCTION CONTROLLED BY A STOP SIGN 2am a Scere r t a mayAPPENDIX C — ROAD MARKINGS AT A U-TURN 4 Ae TT) Sei] 5 Bl}i | (od fl. Wy— ROAD MARKINGS AT A MINI-ROUNDABOUT APPENDIX FAPPENDIX @ EXTENDED CHARACTERS FOR WORDED ROAD MARKINGS The manner in which the actual size of any character may be determined is illustrated by means of examples from the English and Arabic Character set ‘The Tile Width Factor "w" is taken from letter tile at 1:1 scale shown in Part 2, Chapter 1, Appendix A. The tle langt is fxed as shown for the relevant ratio of elongation, The worded road markings STOP and SLOW are shown as individual tiles and men as complete messages in dual language at both 1 and 13 widih-langth ratios, All dimansions are shown in millimetres, js DGS €uS,Y) bya Uglatl Goat LseliVy Ga sell Gyall yep Uhl as «She g¥ gaill pall ass Gb Goal LG Qe ees TU Gye ale ay Bt pat cpu pa LS V2 V Sac geal Rd HUN ole tang TV godt Ly¥l Guill Che yA US Bgl ght » DES La Yi ybSl yh, Pty HEY RLS ob LoS Say as BES sh JI gall ass VTL) eudidnyeBe =SSS5 : gi “ ees J peeeMELEH | 58 4 [SETraffic Manual Volume 2 Civil Engineering Department Ministry of Public WorksQATAR TRAFFIC MANUAL Volume 2 WORKING DRAWINGS. ‘The working drawings contained in this section of the Qatar Trafic Manual are numbered according to Sign Type designated in Part One, Trafic Signs Manual The purpose of the working drawings is 10 iliustrate in exact proportion the layout of the sign faze of all symbol type signs since these signs do not eanform to the dasign rules for directional signing and text signing contained in Part Two, Trafic Design Man- ualChapter One, Sign Face design. Ins addition the working Grawings contain details of Permitted sign sizes or range ol sizes and colour. ‘There are no working crawings for the 100 series ‘signs nor are there working drawings for tex! signs such as supplementary plates since rules far these are standardised Since the working drawings contain laigely pictorial and numeric information they are nol translated for the Arabic Version, sogrtl BS Jala Yejaul Tpbdat Sle ga Ge padll Ing Sigal Leto aly dy eR GLAU Ep gl bay ce yall LG + apt olde oss. Ll wae ae S LLAAI Stage! oye Syl gl Jeeall £53 suds UI RI al dass Cpe Y OLD! oda gl Us Gags a Ge) SLU, Keep Sll GLILM pues sels TS peed GES. SL qual b Saat = MAN ey pated Vl Seal yt! eel S Ghise! olyeull esas, GLayly plesy! CHUL! clea Cay! plead olalvly eVes Una oleae is lage sys Y Us Gelll SHU Bhs oly uns Y LS veld ls Lal well oY GLAS! clas He eS a dlessd asap! cats Uy Rasy Cane 22 Mel Ga lta bee ceesall Gaill