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  • Electrolysis: 2HO 4H 4 Ag 4NO

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    cymy
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    This document discusses several electrochemical processes and concepts: 1. Electrolysis uses an electric current to drive chemical reactions like producing pure silver from a silver solution or generating chlorine gas from sodium chloride. 2. Electrodialysis uses ion-selective membranes and an electric current to separate dissolved ions into concentrate and dilute streams. 3. Polarization describes concentration gradients that form near electrodes during electrolysis and how they impact reaction rates. The limiting current density is reached when gradients cause the reaction rate to plateau. 4. Models of diffusion and transport equations can describe concentration changes near electrodes and predict the limiting current density.

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    elect

    Original Title

    19 Elctrolsis A

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    This document discusses several electrochemical processes and concepts: 1. Electrolysis uses an electric current to drive chemical reactions like producing pure silver from a silver solution or generating chlorine gas from sodium chloride. 2. Electrodialysis uses ion-selective membranes and an electric current to separate dissolved ions into concentrate and dilute streams. 3. Polarization describes concentration gradients that form near electrodes during electrolysis and how they impact reaction rates. The limiting current density is reached when gradients cause the reaction rate to plateau. 4. Models of diffusion and transport equations can describe concentration changes near electrodes and predict the limiting current density.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    4 views5 pages

    Electrolysis: 2HO 4H 4 Ag 4NO

    Uploaded by

    cymy
    This document discusses several electrochemical processes and concepts: 1. Electrolysis uses an electric current to drive chemical reactions like producing pure silver from a silver solution or generating chlorine gas from sodium chloride. 2. Electrodialysis uses ion-selective membranes and an electric current to separate dissolved ions into concentrate and dilute streams. 3. Polarization describes concentration gradients that form near electrodes during electrolysis and how they impact reaction rates. The limiting current density is reached when gradients cause the reaction rate to plateau. 4. Models of diffusion and transport equations can describe concentration changes near electrodes and predict the limiting current density.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 5

    Electrolysis

    silver solution
    with impurities

    O2

    pure silver

    2H2 O 4NO -3
    4H+

    4 Ag+

    current

    NaOH

    Cl2

    2 Cl2Na

    H2

    2 OH
    2H2 O

    cation transporting membrane

    current

    Electrodialysis
    two electrode compartments
    O2

    Cl- Na+

    2H2

    current

    many diluate and concentrate streams

    Polarisation
    Ag+ (1)

    x
    x

    Felectrical

    +
    -

    Felectrical

    Fcomposition
    Fcomposition

    limiting current when:

    NO3- (2)

    bootstraps:
    u2 u3 0

    H2O (3)
    x1 x 2 x

    transport equations
    x F
    N1
    1
    x RT
    k1,3c1
    x F
    2 0
    x RT

    x
    2RT
    1
    x 0
    2

    V
    x
    F
    20

    Ilim

    Limiting Current Density


    current density: I F z N
    i

    I lim Fz1cx1, limu1, lim


    I 40

    I lim
    x 0

    A m2

    2Fz1k1,3cx

    1 20

    exact solution

    I lim
    0

    1 40
    0

    Inert Electrolyte

    NO (2)
    Na (3)

    x 2

    consider the situation at x 0


    1
    the limiting current
    x 2 F

    0
    x 2 RT
    x 3 F

    0
    x 3 RT

    x 3

    small, so
    Ag (1)

    x1

    small

    x1
    Ag is now only driven by
    x1
    +

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