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CH5 - Radio and Wave Propagation
CH5 - Radio and Wave Propagation
quencies?
a. MOSFET
b. GASFET
c. MESFET
d. JFET
ans: c
Which of the following is most affected by knife-edge refraction?
a. Very high and ultra high frequencies
b. High frequency
c. Medium frequency
d. Low frequency
ans: a
Which ionosphere layer has an average height of 225 km at night?
a. D layer
b. E layer
c. F1 layer
d. F2 layer
ans: d
__________ is the amount of voltage induced in a wave by an electromagnetic wa
ve.
a. Receive voltage
b. Magnetic induction
c. Field strength
d. Power density
ans: c
An electromagnetic wave consists of _________.
a. both electric and magnetic fields
b. an electric field only
c. a magnetic field only
d. non-magnetic field only
ans: a
What is the lowest layer of the ionosphere?
a. F1
b. F2
c. E
d. D
ans: d
Who profounded electromagnetic radiation theory?
a. Sir Edward Appleton
b. James Clerk Maxwell
c. Christian Huygens
d. Sir Isaac Newton
ans: b
The D, E and F layers are known as ________.
a. Mark-Space layers
b. Davinson-Miller layers
c. Kennely-Heaviside layers
d. Appleton layers
ans: c
-
c. Fresnel zone
d. Path profile
ans: b
Fading due to interference between direct and reflected rays.
a. Atmospheric-multipath
b. Fresnel zone
c. Reflection-multipath
d. Rayleigh fading
ans: c
The layer that reflects very low frequency waves and absorbs medium frequency
waves.
a. D layer
b. E layer
c. F1 layer
d. F2 layer
ans: a
What layer is used for high-frequency daytime propagation?
a. D layer
b. E layer
c. F1 layer
d. F2 layer
ans: b
What is the highest frequency that can be sent straight upward and be returned
to earth?
a. MUF
b. Skip frequency
c. Critical frequency
d. Gyro frequency
ans: c
High frequency range is from
a. 0.3 to 3 MHz
b. 3 to 30 MHz
c. 30 to 300 MHz
d. 3 to 30 MHz
ans: b
Medium frequency range is from
a. 0.01 to 0.03 MHz
b. 0.03 to 0.3 MHz
c. 0.3 to 3 MHz
d. 3 to 30 MHz
ans: c
In tropospheric scatter propagation, the attenuation is dependent on
a. scatter angle
b. take-off angle
c. antenna size
d. the troposphere
ans: a
If the transmitter power remains constant, an increase in the frequency of the
sky wave will
a. lengthen the skip distance
b. increase the range of the ground wave
c. reduce the length of the skip distance
ans: d
In a vacuum the speed of an electromagnetic wave
a. depends on its constant
b. depends on its wavelength
c. depends on its electric and magnetic fields
d. is a universal constant
ans: d
The depth of an object submerged in a transparent liquid
a. always seems more than its actual depth
b. may seem less or more than its actual depth, depending on the object
c. always seems less than its actual depth
d. may seem less or more than its actual depth, depending on the transparent l
iquid
ans: c
What is a wavefront?
a. A voltage pulse in a conductor
b. A current in a conductor
c. A fixed point in an electromagnetic wave
d. A voltage pulse across a resistor
ans: c
VHF ship station transmitters must have the capability of reducing carrier pow
er to
a. 1 W
b. 10 W
c. 25 W
d. 50 W
ans: a
Most of the effects an electromagnetic wave produces when it interacts with ma
tter are due to its
a. magnetic field
b. speed
c. frequency
d. electric field
ans: d
A mobile receiver experiences "dead" areas of reception as a result of
a. atmospheric absorption
b. tropospheric scatter
c. sporadic E
d. shading of the RF signal by hills and trees
ans: d
When the electric field is perpendicular to the surface of the earth, what is
the polarization of the TEM wave?
a. Elliptical
b. Vertical
c. Horizontal
d. Circular
ans: b
When the magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the earth, what is
the polarization of the TEM wave?
a. Circular
b. Horizontal
c. Vertical
d. Elliptical
ans: b
When the magnetic field is parallel to the surface of the earth, what is the p
olarization of the TEM wave?
a. Elliptical
b. Horizontal
c. Vertical
d. Circular
ans: c
What are the two interrelated fields considered to make up an electromagnetic
wave?
a. An electric field and a current field
b. An electric field and a voltage field
c. An electric field and a magnetic field
d. A voltage and current fields
ans: c
How does the bandwidth of a transmitted signal affect selective fading?
a. It is more pronounced at narrow bandwidths
b. It is equally pronounced at both narrow and wide bandwidths
c. It is more pronounced at wide bandwidths
d. The receiver bandwidth determines the selective fading
ans: c
A wide-bandwidth communications systems in which the RF carrier varies accordi
ng to some predetermined sequence.
a. Amplitude compandored single sideband
b. SITOR
c. Spread spectrum communication
d. Time-domain frequency modulation
ans: c
A changing magnetic field gives rise to
a. sound field
b. magnetic field
c. electric field
d. nothing in particular
ans: c
When a space-wave signal passes over a mountain ridge, a small part of the sig
nal is diffracted down the far side of the mountain. The phenomenon is called
a. discontinuity scattering
b. tropospheric ducting
c. knife-edge diffraction
d. space-wave refraction
ans: c
The index of refraction of a material medium
a. is greater than 1
b. is less than 1
c. is equal to 1
d. may be any of the above
ans: a
At what speed do electromagnetic waves travel in free space?
a. Approximately 468 million meters per second
b. Approximately 186300 feet per second
c. Approximately 300 million meters per second
Distances near the skip distance should be used for sky-wave propagation
a. to avoid tilting
b. to prevent sky-wave and upper ray interference
c. to avoid the Faraday effect
d. so as not to exceed the critical frequency
ans: b
A ship-to-ship communications system is plagued by fading. The best solution s
eems to be the use of
a. a more directional antenna
b. a broadband antenna
c. frequency diversity
d. space diversity
ans: c
A range of microwave frequencies more easily passed by the atmosphere than are
the others is called a
a. window
b. critical frequency
c. gyro frequency range
d. resonance in the atmosphere
ans: a
Frequencies in the UHF range normally propagate by means of
a. ground waves
b. sky waves
c. surface waves
d. space waves
ans: d
Tropospheric scatter is used with frequencies in the following range
a. HF
b. VHF
c. UHF
d. VLF
ans: c
The ground wave eventually disappears as one moves away from the transmitter,
because of
a. interference from the sky wave
b. loss of line-of-sight conditions
c. maximum single-hop distance limitation
d. tilting
ans: d
In electromagnetic waves, polarization means
a. the physical orientation of magnetic field in space
b. the physical orientation of electric field in space
c. ionization
d. the presence of positive and negative ions
ans: b
As electromagnetic waves travel in free space, only one of the following can h
appen to them.
a. absorption
b. attenuation
c. refraction
d. reflection
ans: b
When a light ray approaches a glass-air interface from the glass side at the c
ritical angle, the angle of refraction is
a. 0
b. 90 degrees
c. 45 degrees
d. equal the angle of incidence
ans: b
The brightness of light source is called its luminous intensity, whose unit is
a. candela
b. lux
c. lumen
d. footcandle
ans: a
Luminous efficiency is least for a
a. low-wattage light bulb
b. mercury vapor lamp
c. high-wattage light bulb
d. fluorescent tube
ans: a
The minimum illumination recommendation for reading is
a. 8000 cd
b. 8000 lx
c. 8000 lm
d. 800 W
ans: b
Light enters a glass plate whose index of refraction is 1.6 at an angle of inc
idence of 30 degrees. The angle of refraction is
a. 18 degrees
b. 48 degrees
c. 19 degrees
d. 53 degrees
ans: a
Light leaves a slab of transparent material whose index of refraction is 2.0 a
t an angle of refraction of 0 degree. The angle of incidence is
a. 0 degrees
b. 45 degrees
c. 30 degrees
d. 90 degrees
ans: a
Light enters a glass plate at an angle of incidence of 40 degrees and is refra
cted at an angle refraction of 25 degrees. The index refraction of the glass is
a. 0.625
b. 1.52
c. 0.66
d. 1.6
ans: b
An underwater swimmer shines a flashlight beam upward at an angle of incidence
of 40 degrees. The angle of refraction is 60 degrees. The index of refraction o
f water is
a. 0.67
b. 1.3
c. 0.74
d. 1.5
ans: b
The critical angle of incidence for light going from crown glass (n = 1.5) to
ice (n = 1.3) is
a. 12 degrees
b. 50 degrees
c. 42 degrees
d. 60 degrees
ans: d
The solid angle subtended by a hemisphere about its center is
a. pi/2 sr
b. 2pi sr
c. pi sr
d. depends on the radius of the hemisphere
ans: b
The luminous flux emitted by a 60-cd isotropic light source is concentrated on
an area of 0.5 m^2. The illumination of the area is
a. 9.6 lx
b. 377 lx
c. 120 lx
d. 1508 lx
ans: d
Microwave signals propagate by way of the
a. direct wave
b. sky wave
c. surface wave
d. standing wave
ans: a
The ionosphere causes radio signals to be
a. diffused
b. absorbed
c. refracted
d. reflected
ans: c
Groundwave communications is most effective in what frequency range?
a. 300 kHz to 3 MHz
b. 3 to 30 MHz
c. 30 to 300 MHz
d. above 300 MHz
ans: a
The ionosphere has its greatest effect on signals in what frequency range?
a. 300 kHz to 3 MHz
b. 3 to 30 MHz
c. 30 to 300 MHz
d. above 300 MHz
ans: b
The type of radio wave responsible for long-distance communication by multiple
skips is the
a. ground wave
b. direct wave
c. surface wave
d. sky wave
ans: d
Line-of-sight communications is not a factor in which frequency range?
a. VHF
b. UHF
c. HF
d. Microwave
ans: c
A microwave-transmitting antenna is 550 ft. high. The receiving antenna is 200
ft. high. The minimum transmission distance is
a. 20 mi
b. 33.2 mi
c. 38.7 mi
d. 53.2 mi
ans: d
To increase the transmission distance of UHF signal, which of the following sh
ould be done?
a. increase antenna gain
b. increase antenna height
c. increase transmitter power
d. increase receiver sensitivity
ans: b
States that power density is inversely proportional to the distance from its s
ource.
a. Principle of Reciprocity
b. Inverse Square Law
c. Huygen's Principle
d. Faraday's Law
ans: b
_________ gets in contact with the ionosphere and reflected by it.
a. Space wave
b. Sky wave
c. Surface wave
d. Satellite wave
ans: b
Highest layer in the ionosphere.
a. F1
b. D
c. F2
d. E
ans: c
Next lowest layer in the ionosphere.
a. D
b. E
c. F1
d. F2
ans: b
What is the primary cause of ionization in the atmosphere?
a. Sun spot
b. Cosmic rays
c. Galactic disturbance
d. Ultraviolet radiation
ans: d
c. Shadow zone
d. Twilight zone
ans: c
Each point on a spherical waveform maybe a source of a secondary spherical wav
efront.
a. Snell's law
b. Huygen's principle
c. Rayleigh's principle
d. De Morgan's theorem
ans: b
Ducting occurs in which region of the atmosphere?
a. Stratosphere
b. Troposphere
c. Ionosphere
d. Ozone layer
ans: b
When is the E region most ionized?
a. At midday
b. At midnight
c. At dusk
d. At dawn
ans: a
Transequatorial propagation is best during
a. night time
b. afternoon or early evening
c. noontime
d. morning
ans: b
Which of the following is most affected by knife-edge refraction?
a. Very high and Ultra high frequencies
b. High frequency
c. Medium Frequency
d. Low Frequency
ans: a
Which ionosphere layer has an average height of 225 km at night?
a. D layer
b. E layer
c. F1 layer
d. F2 layer
ans: d